四川农业大学
2008年招收攻读博士学位研究生考试试题
科目名称：1080英语(总分：100分)适用专业：各专业
考生注意：所有答案必需写在答题纸上，否则无效！本试题随同答题纸交回！
Part I Reading Comprehension (45 points )
Directions: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B.C and D . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
As the English language has changed at a fast speed in this century, so has the use of the English language.
After the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) was founded in 1927, the particular style of speech of the BBC announcers was recognized as Standard English or Received Pronunciation (RP) English. Now, most people still consider that the pronunciation and delivery of BBC announcers is the clearest and most understandable spoken English.
English has had a strong association with class and social status. However, since the Second World War there has been a considerable change of attitude towards speech snobbery, and hallmarks of class distinction such as styles of speech have been gradually discarded, especially by the younger generation.
As the need has arisen, new words have been invented or found from other languages and incorporated into English. Similarly, old words and expressions have been discarded as their usefulness has diminished or the fashions have passed. This also happens to styles and modes of speech which became fashionable at a particular time and in specific circumstances.
By the end of the 1960s it became apparent that it was not necessary to speak Standard English or even correct grammar to become popular, successful and rich. The fashionable speech of the day was no longer the prerogative of a privileged class but rather a defiant expression of class lessness.
The greatest single influence of the shaping of the English language in modern times is the American English. Over the last 25 years the English used by many people, particularly by those in the media, advertising and show business, has become more and more mid-Atlantic in style, delivery and accent.
In the 1970s, fashion favoured stressless pronunciation and a language full of jargon, slang and “in”words, much of it quite incomprehensible to the outside world. What is considered modern and fashionable in Britain today is often not the kind of English taught in schools and colleges.
1. Which one of the following is NOT true?
A. The use of the English language has not changed much in this century.
B. The BBS announcers speak Standard English.
C. English has no association with class and social status now.
D. Young people all speak English in the same way.
2. What does the author imply by saying “there has been a considerable change of attitude towards speech snobbery” (Para. 3)?
A. People all speak English like BBC announcers.
B. There is a great change of attitude about how English should be spoken.
C. Some people still think their way of speaking is inferior.
D. Most people don’t believe their way of speaking is inferior.
3. According to the author, there was a trend in the U. S. for the young people _________.
A.to speak Standard English.
B.to speak English without class distinction
C.to speak English with class distinction
D.to speak English with grammar mistakes
4. The word “mid-Atlantic” in the passage (Para. 6) probably means _________.
A.American and European
B.American and British
C.the Atlantic Ocean
D.in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean
5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.
A.Standard English is taught in school and colleges
B.the young people are defiant because they refuse to speak standard English
C.English language is influenced by American English in the last 25 years
D.there has been a great change in the English language in this century
Passage Two
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.
Days after days my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.
Accountability isn’t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.
Of the many values that hold civilization together – honesty, kindness, and so on – accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law – and, ultimately, no society.
My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people’s behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.
Fortunately there are still communities –smaller towns, usually –where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim: “In this family certain thing are not tolerated – they simply are not done!”
Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has gone. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.
The main cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn’t provied a stable home.
I don’t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.
We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.
6. What the wise man said suggests that _______.
A.it’s unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evil
B.it’s certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about it
C.it’s only natural for virtue to defeat evil
D.it’s desirable for good men to keep away from evil
7. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime, _________.
A.society is to be held responsible
B.modern civilization is responsible for it
C.the criminal himself should bear the blame
D.the standards of living should be improved
8. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have ________.
A.less self-discipline
B.better sense of discipline
C.more mutual respect
D.less effective government
9. The writer is sorry to have noticed that ___________.
A.people in large cities tend to excuse criminals
B.people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standards
C.today’s society lacks sympathy for people in difficulty
D.people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities.
10. The key point of the passage is that _________.
A.stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and families
B.more good examples should be set for people to follow
C.more restrictions should be imposed on people’s behavior
D.more people should accept the value of accountability
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Many of the most damaging and life threatening types of weather torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm.
Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtle atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather – balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.
Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short – range forecasts,
or “Nowcasts,” was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.
11. The word “exceeded” in paragraph I most probably means ____________.
A. added up to
B. were more than
C. were about
D. were less than
12. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere fails to predict such a short –lived tornado
because ______________.
A. the computer is not used to forecast specific local events
B. the computers are not advanced enough to predict it
C. the weather data people collect are often wrong
D. weather conditions in some small regions are not available
13. According to the passage, the word “Nowcast” (paragraph 3) means _______________.
A. a way of collecting raw weather data
B. a forecast which can predict the weather conditions in the small area in an accurate way
C. a network to collect instant weather data
D. a more advanced system of weather observation
14. According to the passage, ___________ is the key factor to making “Nowcasts” a reality.
A. scientific and technological advances such as radar, or satellites
B. computer scientist
C. meteorologists
D. advanced computer programs
15. According to the author, the passage mainly deals with ________________.
A. a tornado in Edmonton, Alberta
B. what’s a “Nowcast”
C. the disadvantage of conventional computer models of the weather forecast
D. a breakthrough in weather forecast
Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
Bringing up children is a hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Harris has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long –term effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood. Ms. Harris takes to hitting the assumption, which has dominated developmental psychology for almost half a century.
Ms. Harris’s attack on the developmentalists’“nature” argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?
Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer (同龄人) group in childhood and adolescence. Ms. Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxed, or from learning to be honest or hard – working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.
Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms. Harris argues, be keen to appear like their peers. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and that people’s child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook.
16. According to Ms. Harris, ___________________.
A. parents are to blame for any bad behavior of their children
B. parents will affect greatly the children’s life in the long run
C. nature rather than nurture has a significant effect on children’s personality development
D. children’s personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors
17. Which of the following views is consistent with what the developmentalists hold?
A. Children are more influenced by their peers than by their parents.
B. Twins are quite different if they are reared in two separate families.
C. Identical twins reared in the same home are different in personality.
D. Nurture has a less significant effect on children’s personality development.
18. According to Para.3, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. It is harder to track the precise effects of parental upbringing than the exact influence of the peer
group in children.
B. Immigrant children tend to discard the way their parents speak quickly when they go to school.
C. It has been proved that peers have more impact on children’s qualities such as to be honest or
hard – working or generous.
D. It is easier for children to acquire a language at school than at home.
19. The word “ditched” (Line 1, Para. 4 ) could be best replaced by __________.
A. proved
B. emphasized
C. compared
D. ignored
20. What is the author’s main purpose?
A. To highly praise Ms. Harris’s work.
B. To counter Ms. Harris’s work.
C. To objectively report on Ms. Harris’s work.
D.To critically comment on Ms. Harris’s work.
Passage Five
Questions2 1 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Laziness is a sin, everyone knows that. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons than simple wish to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of ridicule or fear of having their ideas stolen. These people who seem lazy may be paralyzed by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work. Or other sorts of fantasies may prevent work; some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals or fantastic achievements, that they are unable to deal with whatever "lesser" work is on hand. Still other people are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinating-rescheduling their day.
Laziness can actually be helpful. Like procrastinators(拖延者), some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating, researching. We should all remember that some great scientific discoveries occurred by chance or while someone was "goofing off(游手好闲)," Newton wasn't working in the orchard when the apple hit him and he devised the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have someone "lazy" build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that "laziness" were caused by the worker's taking time to check each step of his work and to do his job right. And sometimes, being “lady”-that is, taking time off for a rest-is good for an overworked student or, executive. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor who's simply working himself overtime too many evenings, at the clinic. So be careful when you're tempted to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning his or her next book.
21. The main idea of this passage is that .
A laziness is a moral sin
B there are advantages in being lazy
C laziness indicates deep-seated emotional problems
D lazy people do more careful work
22. The passage states that .
A laziness is a disease
B some lazy people are insecure
C laziness is more beneficial than harmful
D A good definition of laziness is emotional illness
23. Which of the following conclusion does the passage support?
A The word laziness is sometimes applied incorrectly.
B Most of the time laziness is a virtue.
C Most assembly line workers are lazy.
D Most insecure people are lazy.
24. The final paragraph is .
A somber
B humorous
C serious
D trite(陈腐的)
25. The word "devised" in ( Para. 2) means .
A formulated
B understood
C wrote
D proved
Passage Six
Questions26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The two most obvious changes in American economy are the emergence of a highly sophisticated technology and the rise of giant corporations. In addition, market forces have lost some of their significance as planning has become more important. The government has assumed a greatly changed role in the economy. Property relationships and decision-making power have shifted. The demand for highly educated specialists has increased enormously.
We may think of the American economy, as consisting of two completely different sectors. The world of the giant corporations, which can be called the "industrial system", consists of 500 or 600 firms that provide "nearly all communications, nearly all production and distribution of electric power, much transportation, most manufacturing and mining, a substantial share of retail trade, and a considerable amount of entertainment." Outside of this industrial system fall most agricultural enterprises, some mining and trucking, professional and artistic pursuits, some retail trade, and most personal and domestic services.
The classical economic laws of supply and demand still apply to some degree. But today the industrial sector is characterized far more by planning and certainty than by the free play of market forces. It appears that it could scarcely be otherwise. In large corporations with advanced technological systems and complex organizations of highly trained specialists, plans for producing any one item are made well in advance. Such plans, once made, are hard to change. Because long-term planning demands certainty, market forces are avoided by various means. For example, the corporation may achieve "vertical integration" by buying companies that supply raw materials at one end of the process and distribution outlets at the other. Corporations may agree on "just prices" for things they buy and sell. They may enter mutually advantageous long-term contracts with suppliers and customers. Moreover, in their quest for certainty they generally have the support of the state.
26. The American giant corporations possess so many new characteristics that
.
A) highly educated managers are important for the corporations
B giant corporations become decentralized
C economic laws of the market are effective inside corporations
D heads of the giant corporations try to control the government
27. By the second paragraph, we know that .
A retail trade accounts for a big part in non-industrial system
B there are more giant corporations than agricultural enterprises
C giant corporations control every part of American economy
D giant corporations provide most of productions and services
A is experiencing the rise of giant corporations
B is determined by hundreds of giant corporations
C has failed to balance supply and demand
D becomes highly-planned one
29. In the third sentence of last paragraph, the second "it" may refer to .
A classic economic law of supply and demand
B industrial sector
C American economy
D market force
30. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?
A American economy is characterized by high technology and giant corporations.
B American economy consists of industrial systems and agricultural enterprises.
C Market economy is gradually replaced by planned economy.
D Highly trained specialists are needed.
Part II Use of English (10 points )
Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are for choices marked A , B , C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 31 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 32 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kinds future 33 and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is 34 for our ability to produce and use language. They 35 that our highly evolved brain provides us 36 an innate language ability not found in lower 37 .
Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 38 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 39 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical 40 times for language development. Current 41 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 42 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 43 grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 44 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 45 of their first language have become firmly fixed. 46 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who
other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 49 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 50 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
31. A generated B evolved C born D originated
32. A valuable B appropriate C convenient D favorite
33. A attainments B feasibility C entertainments D evolution
34. A essential B available C reliable D responsible
35. A confirm B inform C claim D convince
36. A for B from C of D with
37. A organizations B organisms C humans D children
38. A potential B performance C preference D passion
39. A as B just as C like D unlike
40. A ideological B biological C social D psychological
41. A reviews B reference C reaction D recommendation
42. A In a word B) In a sense C Indeed D In other words
43. A various B different C the higher D the lower
44. A revealed B exposed C engaged D involved
45. A regulations B formations C rules D constitutions
46. A Although B Whether C Since D When
47. A distinguished' B different C protected D isolated
48. A exposition B comparison C contrast D interaction
49. A acquisition B appreciation C requirement D alternative
50. A As a result B After all C In other words D Above all
Part III：Translate the following into Chinese ( 20 points ):
1. But is it really the case? The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority
2. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the building of such projects with the improving of economic construction.
3. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and
work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills
4. From what has been discussed above, I firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. The maintenance of the traditional technology and methods is futile.
5. Today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. In order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.
Part IV: Writing ( 25 points )
In this part, you are allowed 40 minutes to write a composition on the title of “Wen Chuan Especilly-big Earthquake”. And your composition should be no less than 150 words and based on the following outlines.
1. the great losses caused in this quake
2. the actions taken to combat the quake nationally and internationally
3. what have you done or will do to help the victims in the quake-hit areas as a Chinese
from your own view, what are most-cherished qualities demonstrated in the campaign of combating the quake and reducing the losses
个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途全国医学博士英语统一考试词汇表 abate v ．减轻 , 减退；废除 aberrant a.畸变地。异常地。脱离常轨地 ablate v.切除,摘除 abortion n．流产,早产；(计划等地>失败,夭折 abrade v ．擦伤；磨损 abscess n ．脓肿 abstain v．戒、避免；弃权 abstinence n ．节制；禁欲 absurd a ．荒唐地 accent n ．腔调 , 口音；重音 , 重音符号 v．加重读 accessory n ．附件 , 附属品；同谋 , 帮凶 a ．附属地 , 附加地accordance n ．一致 , 给予 accountant n ．会计 accuse v ．谴责 , 指控 , 告发 achromatopsia n ．色盲 acidosis n．酸中毒 acknowledge v ．承认；致谢 acknowledgement n ．承认 , 感谢；收到地通知 acne n ．痤疮 , 粉刺 acoustic a．声学地；听觉地 acquaint v．使认识,使了解,通知 acupuncture n ．针刺 , 针刺疗法 addict v．使沉溺,使醉心；使成瘾n ．有瘾地人 , 吸毒成瘾adduce v ．引证；提出 adequate a ．足够地；恰当地 admonish v ．告诫 advisory a.咨询地,劝告地 advocate n. 拥护者 , 提倡者 v．拥护 ,提倡 aerobic a ．需氧地afebrile a．无热地 affection n．爱；感情；病 afferent a．传人地 affiliate v．使附属；隶属 affinity n.亲和力；密切关系 afflict v．使苦恼,折磨 aggressive a. 爱寻衅地 , 侵略地；有进取心地 agile a ．敏捷地 , 灵活地 agitate v．搅动；激动,焦急不安 agony n ．苦恼 , 痛苦 ague n ．疟疾；寒颤 alga n ．水藻 , 海藻 alleviate v．减轻(痛苦>,缓和
医学考博英语翻译习题 An AIDS Mystery Solved (1) About 15 years ago， a well-meaning man donated blood to the Red Cross in Sydney，Australia，not knowing he has been exposed to HIV-1，the virus that causes AIDS. Much later，public-health officials learned that some of the people who got transfusions? containing his blood had become infected with the same virus; presumably they were almost sure to die. But as six years stretched to 10，then to 14，the anxiety of health officials gave way to astonishment. Although two of the recipients have died from other causes，not one of the seven people known to have received transfusions of the man’s contaminated blood has come down with AIDS. More telling still，the donor，a sexually active homosexual，is also healthy. In fact his immune system remains as robust as if he had never tangled with HIV at all. What could explain such unexpected good fortune? (2) A team of Australian scientists has finally solved the mystery. The virus that the donor contracted and then passed on，the team reported last week in the journal Science. contains flaws in its genetic script that appear to have rendered it innocuous?. “Not only have the recipients and the donor not progressed to disease for 15 years，”marvels molecular biologist Nicholas Deacon of Australia’s Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Re-search，“but the prediction is that they never will.”Deacon speculates that this “impotent”HIV may even be a natural inoculant? that protects its carriers against more virulent strains? of the virus，much as infection with cowpox warded off smallpox in 18th-century milkmaids. (3) If this ______ proves right，it will mark a milestone in the battle to contain the late-20th century’s most terrible epidemic. For in addition to explaining why this small group of people infected with HIV has not become sick，the discovery of a viral strain that works like a vaccine would have far-reaching implications. “What these results suggest，”says Dr. Barney Graham of Tennessee’s Vanderbilt University，“is that HIV is vulnerable and that it is possible to stimulate effective immunity against it.” (4) The strain of HIV that popped up? in Sydney intrigues scientists because it contains striking abnormalities in a gene that is believed to stimulate viral duplication. In fact，the virus is missing so much of this particular gene —known as nef，for negative factor —that it is hard to imagine how the gene could perform any useful function. And sure enough，while the Sydney virus retains the ability to infect T cells —white blood cells that are critical to the immune system’s ability to ward off infection —it makes so few copies of itself that the most powerful molecular tools can barely detect its presence. Some of the infected Australians，for example，were found to carry as few as one or two copies of the virus for every 100000 T cells. People with AIDS，by contrast，are burdened with viral loads thousands of times higher. (5) At the very least，the nef gene offers an attractive target for drug developers. If its activity can be blocked，suggests Deacon，researchers might be able to hold the progression of disease at bay，even in people who have developed full-blown AIDS. The need for better AIDS-fighting drugs was underscored last week by the actions of a U.S. Food and Drug Administration advisory panel，which recommended speedy approval of two new AIDS drugs，including the first of a new class of compounds called protease? inhibitors?. Although FDA commissioner David Kessler was quick to praise the new drugs，neither medication can prevent or cure AIDS once it has taken hold.
2017年北京清华大学考博英语真题 1. The leaders of the two countries feel it desirable to funds from armaments to health and education. A. derive B. deprive C. dispatch D. divert 2. To fund the event and also promote the marketing value of the National Games, the organizing committee set up the Marketing Development Department (MDD). A. beneficent B. expensive C. costly D. luxurious 3. Japanese workers still put in an impressive 42 hours each week, but they are by the South Koreans and Singaporeans who spend an average 46 hours at the grindstone. A. outdone B. outweighed C. outrun D. outrivaled 4. With the economy of the country going strong, the mood is optimism. A. presiding B. circulating C. floating D. prevailing 5. The hunter knows quite well that wild animals go seeking their in the jungle after dark. A. victim B. favorite C. prey D. sacrifice 6. The company, EDS, is smart enough to its 90,000-person workforce into independent micro teams that work directly with individual clients on creative business solutions. A. break out 、 B. break off C. break from D. break down 7. They agreed to take their disputes before the committee and by its decisions. A. stand B. observe C. abide D. precede 8. Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very . A. obscure B. indefinite C. dubious D. intriguing 9. Please don’t too much on the painful memories. Everything will be all right.
2016年全国医学博士英语统考答案 Listening Comprehension (30%) Section A 1. B. At three next Wednesday. 2. B. A piercing pain. 3. A. He is going to get married. 4. D. She couldn't agree with the man more. 5. A. Jack's girlfriend is mad at him. 6. B. It's wise to be prepared. 7. B. He is a trouble-maker. 8. D. $30 9. C. Work out in the gym. 10. B. 232 11. A. Mary isn't his type. 12. A. Play tennis. 13. C. In the hospital. 14. A. She is seriously ill. 15. B. She makes a living now as a landlady. Section B Dialogue 16. A. A duodenal ulcer. 17. B. Try medical means. 18. A. Overweight. 19. C. He is a heavy smoker. 20. D. Make an appointment with Dr. Oaks. Passage One 21. D. He is the creator of a website on longevity. 22. C. Women develop cardiovascular disease much later than men. 23. B. In their 60s and 70s. 24. D. Iron. 25. C. Another possibility for women's longevity. Passage Two 26. C. He struggled under the strain of poverty. 27. B. He is an investment advisor. 28. D. Fear. 29. B. He began reading investment books and then began practicing.
2018年全国医学考博英语试题.d o c
2018MD 全国医学博士外语统一考试 英语试卷 答题须知 1.请考生首先将自己的姓名、所在考点、准考证号在试卷一答题纸和试卷二标 准答题卡上认真填写清楚，并按“考场指令”要求，将准考证号在标准答题卡上划好。 2.试卷一(Paper One)答案和试卷二(Paper Two)答案都作答在标准答题卡上，不 要做在试卷上。 3.试卷一答题时必须使用2B铅笔，将所选答案按要求在相应位置涂黑；如要更 正，先用橡皮擦干净。书面表达一定要用黑色签字笔或钢笔写在标准答题卡上指定区域。 4.标准答题卡不可折叠，同时答题卡须保持平整干净，以利评分。 5.听力考试只放一遍录音，每道题后有15秒左右的答题时间。 国家医学考试中心
PAPER ONE Part 1 ：Listening comprehension（30%） Section A Directions:In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers, At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said, The question will be read only once, After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Listen to the following example You will hear Woman: I feel faint. Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day. Question: What’s the matter with the woman? You will read: A. She is sick. B. She was bitten by an ant. C. She is hungry. D. She spilled her paint. Here C is the right answer. Sample Answer A B C D Now let’s begin with question Number 1. 1. A. About 12 pints B. About 3 pints C. About 4 pints D. About 7 pints 2. A. Take a holiday from work. B. Worry less about work. C. Take some sleeping pills. D. Work harder to forget all her troubles. 3. A. He has no complaints about the doctor. B. He won’t complain anything. C. He is in good condition. D. He couldn’t be worse. 4. A. She is kidding. B. She will get a raise. C. The man will get a raise. D. The man will get a promotion. 5. A. Her daughter likes ball games. B. Her daughter is an exciting child. C. She and her daughter are good friends.
清华大学2007年博士研究生人学考试 英语试题 Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points)(略） Part II Reading Comprehendon (40%) Directions ：There are 4 reading passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or unfin?ished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A，B, C and D* You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet Questions 16 to 20 are based on the foUowing passage： Sometimes，over a span of many years，a business will continue to grow，generating ever-increasing a- mounts of cash，repurchasing stock，paying increased dividends，reducing debt，opening new stores，expan?ding production facilities，moving into new markets，etc.，while at the same tune its stock price remains stagnant (or even falls)* When this happens，the average and professional investors alike tend to overlook the company because they become familiar with the trading range. Take，for example，Wal-Mart Over the past five years，the retailing behemoth has grown sales by over 80% , profits by over 100%，and yet the stock price has fallen as much as 30% during that timeframe. Clearly, the valuation picture has changed An investor that read the annual report back in 2000 or 2001 might have passed on the security，deeming it too expensive based on a metric such as the price to earnings ratio. Today，however, the equation is completely different~despite the stock price,Wal-Mart is, in essence, trading at half its former price because each share is backed by a larger dividend, twice the earnings power, more stores，and a bigger infrastructure. Home Depot is in much the same boat，largely because some Wall Street analysts question how fast two of the world?s largest companies can continue to grow before their sheer size slows them down to the rate of the general economy. Coca-Cola is another excellent example of this phenomenon. Ten years ago，in 1996, the stock traded between a range of $36. 10 and $54. 30 per share. At the time, it had reported earnings per share of $ 1. 40 and paid a cash dividend of $ 0. 50 per share. Corporate per share book value was $ 2. 48. Last year, the stock traded within a range of $ 40. 30 and $ 45. 30 per share；squarely in the middle of the same area it had been nearly a decade prior! Yet，despite the stagnant stock price，the 2006 estimates Value Line In?vestment Survey estimates for earnings per share stand around $2. 16 (a rise of 54% )，the cash dividend has more than doubled to $ 1. 20, book value is expected to have grown to $ 7. 40 per share (a gain of nearly 300% )，and the total number of shares outstanding (未偿付的，未完成的）has actually decreased,from 2. 481 billion to an estimated 2, 355 billion due to the company's share repurchase program. 16. This passage is probably a part of ? A. Find Hidden Value in the Market B. Become Richer C. Get Good Bargains D. Identify Good Companies 17. The italicized word“ stagnant?，(line 3，Para. 1) can be best paraphrased as ? A. prominent B. terrible C. unchanged D. progressing Wal-Mart is now trading at a much lower price because . A. it has stored a large quantity of goods B. it has become financially more powerful C. it has been eager to collect money to prevent bankruptcy
2018MD 全国医学博士外语统一考试 英语试卷 答题须知 1.请考生首先将自己的姓名、所在考点、准考证号在试卷一答题纸和试卷二标准答题卡上认真填写清楚，并按“考场指令”要求，将准考证号在标准答题卡上划好。 2.试卷一(Paper One)答案和试卷二(Paper Two)答案都作答在标准答题卡上，不要做在试卷上。 3.试卷一答题时必须使用2B铅笔，将所选答案按要求在相应位置涂黑；如要更正，先用橡皮擦干净。书面表达一定要用黑色签字笔或钢笔写在标准答题卡上指定区域。 4.标准答题卡不可折叠，同时答题卡须保持平整干净，以利评分。 5.听力考试只放一遍录音，每道题后有15秒左右的答题时间。 国家医学考试中心
PAPER ONE Part 1 ：Listening comprehension（30%） Section A Directions:In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers, At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said, The question will be read only once, After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Listen to the following example You will hear Woman: I feel faint. Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day. Question: What’s the matter with the woman? You will read: A. She is sick. B. She was bitten by an ant. C. She is hungry. D. She spilled her paint. Here C is the right answer. Sample Answer A B C D Now let’s begin with question Number 1. 1. A. About 12 pints B. About 3 pints C. About 4 pints D. About 7 pints 2. A. Take a holiday from work. B. Worry less about work. C. Take some sleeping pills. D. Work harder to forget all her troubles. 3. A. He has no complaints about the doctor. B. He won’t complain anything. C. He is in good condition. D. He couldn’t be worse. 4. A. She is kidding. B. She will get a raise. C. The man will get a raise. D. The man will get a promotion. 5. A. Her daughter likes ball games. B. Her daughter is an exciting child. C. She and her daughter are good friends. D. She and her daughter don’t always understand each other.
2003 part II 31.Sometimes you can get quite _____ when you are trying to communicate with someone in English. A.frustrated失败的, 落空的 B.depressed 沮丧的, 降低的 C.approved被认可的 D.distracted心烦意乱的 32.The company has ____ itself to a policy of equal opportunity for all. A.promised https://www.doczj.com/doc/4516549537.html,mitted commit oneself to委身于，专心致志于 C.attributed attribute sth. to认为某事物是...的属性; 把某事物归功于; 认为某事物是(某人)创造的 D.converted 33.I haven’t met anyone ____ the new tax plan. A.in honor of B.in search of C.in place of D.in favor of 34.Salk won ____ as the scientist who developed the world’s first effective vaccine against polio. A.accomplishment a girl of many accomplishments多才多艺的姑娘 Among her accomplishments were sewing,cooking,playing the piano and dancing.她的才能包括缝纫、烹调、弹钢琴和跳舞。 B.qualification admission qualification入学资格physical qualifications身体条件 C.eminence win [reach] eminence as an inventor成为卓越的发明家a man of eminence名人 D.patent 35.This software can be ____ to the needs of each customer. A.tailored B.administrated C.entailed vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承担, 遗传给entail great expense on sb.使某人承担大笔费用entail ... on sb.使某人负担...把...遗留给某人 D.accustomed be accustomed to习惯于accustom oneself to使自己习惯于; 养成...的习惯 36.The average commercial business can shut down in such an emergemcy but a hospital doesn’t dare, for lives are____ A.in circulation流通者;传播者 B.under consideration在考虑之中 C.on hand在手头, 即将发生, 在场;在手头, 在手边;现有 D.at stake危如累卵, 危险 37.As we need plain, ____food for the body, so we must have serious reading for the mind. A.wholesome卫生的, 有益的, 健康的, 有益健康的wholesome air新鲜空气a wholesome food有益健康的食品 B.diet C.tasteful D.edible edible fat食用油脂 38.He never gave much thought to the additional kilorams he had ____ lately. A.shown up揭露, 露出, 露面 B.piled up 堆积, 积累, 搁浅, 撞毁 C.put on D.taken on披上, 呈现, 具有, 雇用, 承担, 盛气凌人, 接纳, 流行 39.The teacher tried hard to read ____ handwriting in her students’s test papers. A.irregular B.illiterate C.illegible难辨认的, 字迹模糊的illegal .违法的, 不合规定的 D.irrational 无理性的, 失去理性的 40.A coronary disease is the widely-used term____ insufficiency of blood supply to the heart.
清华大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句 1.When I fetched the sketch on the stretcher I found the secretary's secret. 当我拿来担架上的素描时我发现了秘书的秘密. 2.The mutual spirits inspired us to reach the annual aim. 相互的精神鼓舞了我们达到年度目标. 3.The roaring oar hit the coarse keyboard on the cupboard aboard the boat. 轰鸣的桨击中了船上碗柜上的粗糙键盘. 4.My intimate mate's ultimate estimate approximates the appropriate value. 我亲密伙伴的最终估计接近恰当的值.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 5.In case of necessity,necessary session can be held on the vessel. 必要时,必需的开庭可在船舶上进行. 6.By the navigation of microwave,the navy paved a pavement on the wavy sea. 借助微波导航，海军在多浪的大海上铺了一条路。 7.The minority of us are confronted with difficulty in the frontier of the major. 我们少数人在该专业尖端领域面临困难. 8.From the context of the text,I find the next pretext for
2016年全国医学博士英语统考真题及答案下 载版 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
2016年全国医学博士英语统考答案 Listening Comprehension (30%) Section A 1. B. At three next Wednesday. 2. B. A piercing pain. 3. A. He is going to get married. 4. D. She couldn't agree with the man more. 5. A. Jack's girlfriend is mad at him. 6. B. It's wise to be prepared. 7. B. He is a trouble-maker. 8. D. $30 9. C. Work out in the gym. 10. B. 232 11. A. Mary isn't his type. 12. A. Play tennis. 13. C. In the hospital. 14. A. She is seriously ill. 15. B. She makes a living now as a landlady. Section B Dialogue 16. A. A duodenal ulcer. 17. B. Try medical means. 18. A. Overweight. 19. C. He is a heavy smoker. 20. D. Make an appointment with Dr. Oaks. Passage One 21. D. He is the creator of a website on longevity. 22. C. Women develop cardiovascular disease much later than men. 23. B. In their 60s and 70s. 24. D. Iron. 25. C. Another possibility for women's longevity. Passage Two 26. C. He struggled under the strain of poverty. 27. B. He is an investment advisor. 28. D. Fear.
对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题答案 Section I Use of English 1、【答案】B concluded 【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded符合题意，其他选项denied(否认)与意义相反，doubled(翻倍)与题意较远，ensured(确保)不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。所以正确答案为B。 2、【答案】A protective 【解析】题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。Dangerous和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。 （PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) 3、【答案】C likewise 【解析】第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。_____，在老年人中，一定程度上超重……。需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。A选项instead表示逆接的句意关系，B选项however也表示逆接，D 选项therefore表示因此，只有C选项likewise意为同样地;也，而且。因此正确答案为C。 4、【答案】A indicator 【解析】本句话中，_____，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_____。A 选项，表示指示器，指标。B选项objective表示客观;C选项origin表示来源，D选项example表示例子。根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。因此正确答案为A。