Unit 7
and so forth（诸如此类，等等)
The clothes are red, pink, blue, purple, yellow, and so forth. go against（违背）
Don’t go against your parents’ wishes.
go through（经历，经受；演练，排练）
Jhon’s going through a painful divorce.
hold true (适用，有效)
This advice will hold true throughout your life.
insist on (坚持做)
She insists on cleaning my room everyday.
many a (许多)
Many a student like to listen to the music.
put sb. to trouble (给某人添麻烦)
I don’t want to put you to a lot of trouble.
see sb. off (为某人送行)
They are going to the airport to see their friends off.
send sb. off (给某人送行；把某人送往另一地方)
They will send their son off to the university.
slip into (渐渐进入)
It amazed him how easily one could slip into a routine.他惊异地发现人很容易在不知不觉中因循守旧起来。
smooth over (缓和，减轻)
She managed to smooth over the bad feelings between them.
start out (开始)
When did you start out as a teather
take pride in (以……为荣)
He takes great pride in his father.
with regard to (关于，至于)
He wants to talk to you with regard to your English.
apt to do sth.（易于做某事）
Babies are apt to focus on colorful things.
at one’s best (呈最佳状态)
The singer was at her best during the performance.
break up (解散，散去)
The party didn’t break up until midnight.
follow sb’s lead/example (效仿某人)
I don’t want you to follow my lead and rush into marriage.
leave sth. to sb. else （把某事留给某人）
You can leave the cooking to me.
on the contrary（正相反）
On the contrary, it’s an interesting book.
under way (已经开始或正在进行)
The party is now under way.
1.这首歌你要是唱几遍的话，孩子们就会学会歌词的。(pick up)
If you sing the song several times, your children will (begin to) pick up the words.
2.我们尽力使那位紧张的老人相信乘飞机是安全的。(assure...that)
We tried to assure the nervous old man that flying/air travel was safe.
3.缺乏维生素A会导致夜盲。(inadequate, vitamin A)
An inadequate supply of vitamin A may lead to night blindness.
4.我会用计算机，但是一说到修理计算机，我就一无所知了。(when it comes to...)
I can use a computer, but when it comes to computer repairing, I know
nothing about it.
5.很多母亲试图在她们的女儿身上实现她们的梦想。(many a)
Many a mother tries to act out her dreams through her daughter.
Many a mother tries to have her dreams realized by her daughter.
6.恶劣的天气使人们不能去参加游行。(discourage...from)
The bad weather discouraged people from attending the parade.
7.我给了他一些药丸以减轻他的痛苦。(ease)
I gave him some pills to ease his pain.
8. 这份工作需要每年去国外三个月。(involve)
The job involves traveling/working abroad three months each year.
Unit8
all but (几乎)
The party was all but over when we arrived.
cut back on (减少)
You’d better cut back on smoking.
do sb. good (对某人有好处)
It’ll do you good to have a vacation.
for that matter (而且)
I don't know, and for that matter, I don't care. 我不知道, 对此我
也不在乎.
I don’t know what he is doing , and for that matter, I don’t want
to know.
keep…up (使……无法入睡)
The noise kept me up until midnight.
plow back (把（盈利）再投资)
Plow your profits back i nto building your business. 您犁营业利润
回建贵.
point out（指出）
Point out the mistake in this sentence, please.
ask for（要求，请求得到
He asked for a story book.
come up with (想出，提出)
She came up with a new idea in the meeting.
look on (观看，旁观)
They look on me as their own sister.他们把我当作自己的姐妹。
stick to (坚持)
Just make a decision and stick to it.
1.我觉得我应该指出这是多么地危险。 (point out)
I feel I should point out how dangerous it is.
2.他的理论对身体如何运转以及如何受到药物的影响做了解释。 (affect)
His theory explains how the body works and how it is affected by drugs/medicines.
3.当谈到现代艺术时，很少有人比Tom知道得多。(when it comes to)
When it comes to modern art, few people know more than Tom does.
4.有人问她时，她肯定了她将要退休。 (confirm)
When asked, she confirmed that she was going to retire.
5.咳嗽药不难吃，但对我没啥用。 (do sb. good)
The cough medicine tastes nice, but it doesn’t do me much good.
6.如果我们不能卖出更多的货物，就必须降低产量。 (cut back on)
If we can’t sell more goods, we’ll have to cut back on the
production.
7.英国的煤炭业已经几乎消失了。 (all but)
Britain’s coal industry has all but disappeared.
8. 我向你们保证我的故事是真的，以免有人觉得奇怪。 (assure, lest)
I assure you that it is true, lest anyone (should) think my story
strange.
Unit9
along with（与……一起）
I’m having dinner along with my parents.
in terms of (按照；在……方面；从……方面来说)
He thought of everything in terms of money.他是从钱的角度来看每一件事。
perceive … as（把……看作：认为……是）
We perceive him as a hero.
prior to (在……之前；先于)
It happened prior to my arrival.这发生在我到达之前.
His mark on art is prior to mine.他的美术成绩比我好.
rely on (依靠)
Don't a lways rely on others.
You can rely on me for help.
It would be better to rely on ourselves than on others. 与其求人,何如求己.
tend to do sth. (倾向与做某事)
He tend to play football。
at best (最乐观的看；至多)
He is at best a child. 他只不过是个孩子。
back and forth (来回的，反复的)
The bird flew back and forth.
in reality （事实上，实际上）
In reality, it’s an interesting book.
in theory (理论上)
It sounds good in theory.
1.在你出发之前应该作好所有的安排。 (prior to)
All the arrangements should be completed prior to your departure.
2.此种行为可能导致经理被辞退。 (result in)
Such behavior may result in the executive being fired/asked to leave.
3.我们的产品以质量、可靠性、尤其是品种的多样化来和其他厂家竞争。 (in terms of)
Our products compete with those of other factories in terms of quality, reliability and above all, variety.
4.由于大雨, 球队的表现 (performance) 受到了很大的影响。 (affect)
The team’s performance was greatly affected by the heavy rain.
5.我能够理解你反对这个建议的理由。 (appreciate)
I appreciate your reasons for objecting to the proposal.
6. 在某种程度上, 她应该对此次事故负责。 (to some extent)
To some extent, she should be responsible for the accident.
6.一想到生活太舒适了, 我就深感不安。(the thought that …)
I’m uneasy at/deeply troubled by the thought that life is just too comfortable.
8. 研究表明，女人多比男人长寿。(tend to)
Studies show that women tend to live longer than men.
Unit10
be likely to (可能的)
I’m likely to forget your phone number.
be tired of (对……不耐烦；感到厌倦)
I'm tired of doing so much homework.
give out (出毛病，出故障)
The old car finally gave out.
let oneself go（放纵，随心所欲）
I will let myself go tonight.
make sense of (理解，懂得)
Can you make any sense of this book.
put on (播放)
She put on some music while they ate.
be about to (即将，正要)
He’s about to go home.
in a hurry (匆忙地)
He went for home in a hurry.
range from…to… ((在一定范围内变化，变动)
The children's ages range from 6 to 10.
1.我们可以去看7点钟或8点钟的演出，看哪个适合你。 (whichever)
We can go to the seven o’clock performance or the eight—whichever suits you best.
2.人们通常认为男人坚强，但大多数女人都知道实际的情况往往相反。 (reverse)
Men are generally supposed to be strong, but most women know that the reverse is often true.
3.他被判了五年徒刑，但是在监狱里呆了两年就被释放了。 (release)
He was released from prison after serving two years of a five-year sentence.
4.两件衣服你穿着都好看，我不知道该叫你买哪件。 (equally)
You look equally nice in both dresses—I don’t know which one to advise you to buy.
5.这位候选人有着令人惊叹的广泛的兴趣与丰富的经历。 (diverse)
This candidate has an impressively diverse range of interests and experience.
6.小孩突然松开了她的手，朝马路对面跑去。 (let go of)
The child suddenly let go of her hand and ran across the street.
7.比赛结果在很大程度上取决于评委的意见。 (depend on)
The result of the competition will depend largely on the opinions of the judges.
8. 我讨厌你老是让我干这干那。 (be tired of)
I’m tired of you(r) letting me do this or that all the time.
Unit 1 Personality In-Class Reading 羞怯的痛苦 1 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 2 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。 3 相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 4能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。 5 如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感： 6 1．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。 7 2．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。 8 3．疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。 9 4．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。 10 5．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。
八年级上第五单元课文句子翻译2 1．你觉得肥皂剧怎么样?我受不了. What do you think of soap operas?I can’t stand them. 2.Tina对运动节目不在乎. Tina doesn’t mind sports shows. 3.林华认为可以从情景剧中学一些开心的笑话. Ｌin Hua thinks she can learn some great jokes from sitcoms. 4.萨利认为游戏节目比情景剧更具有教育意义. Sally thinks game shows are more educational than sitcoms. 5.因为我希望了解世界各地发生的事情. Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world. 6.今天你在课上做什么了? What did you do in class? 7.我们讨论电视节目了. We had a discussion about TV shows. 8.我喜欢跟随故事情节了解接下来发生的事情. I like to follow the story and see what happens next. 9.它们可能不是很精彩,但是你可以期待从它们当中学到许多. They may not be very exciting,but you can expect to learn a lot from them. 10.我希望有天我能成为记者. I hope to be a reporter one day.
Reading comprehension 1略 2 BDCAC AADBB Vocabulary 1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer 2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2 便笺的力量 Reading comprehension 1略 2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFT Vocabulary 1. Creating Compound Words
一、常用单词组 education 教育 input in education 教育投入 communal participation 社会参与enhance the moral awareness of 提高……的思想品德 professional ethics 职业道德 credit system 学分制 guarantee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多学科的 key university 重点大学 national expenditure on education 国家教育经费 account for…% 占百分比 intercultural communication 国际文化交流 equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备 to become educated through independent study 自学成材 compulsory education 普及教育preschool/elementary/secondary/higher / education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育adult education 成人教育 vocational and technical education 职业技术教育 institutions of higher learning 高等学校 inservice training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课 record of formal schooling 学历diploma 文凭，学历证明 二、常用句型 1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2、强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us. 3、"All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5、"something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似。" They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7、as…as…can(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8、"It is in(with)…as in(with)" It is in life as in a journey. 9、"as good as…"相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him. 10、"many as well…as"和"might as well …as" "many as well…as"可译为"与其……，
新编大学英语3课后翻译 1)你应该适当花一点时间休息和锻炼。You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising. 2) 总的来说，孩子们比过去任何时候都更健康，受到了更好的教育。In general, children are healthier and better educated than ever before. 3) 待适当的机会来临，他就能抓住。When the right opportunity co mes along, he’ll take it. 4) 每天他都留出点时间跟家人在一起，享受生活。Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life. 5) 我记得那些黑暗的街道以及同父亲手拉手走路的情景。I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father. 6) 他最终辜负了父母的期望。He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. Unit 2 1) She wore a dress __with a pattern of rose有玫瑰图案) on it. 2) Helen had _prepared a wonderful/good meal for us (为我们准备了一顿丰盛的饭菜). 3) Ann ___promised faithfully (信誓旦旦地保证) that she would never tell.
陈才英语教育及培训中心2014年广东佛山初中2年级上册课本对应语法精品讲解【外研社八年级英语上册模块1精品讲解】 主讲老师：辅导学生： 【日期：2014年7月25日】 【一】【模块3的第1单元对话讲解/中英文注解】Module 3 Sports【模块3 体育运动】 Module task: Making a sports poster 制作一份体育运动海报 Unit 1 Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis 第1单元，没有事情是比打网球更加令人愉快的 Daming: Hey, Tony. 【Come and watch过来并观看】【the football match这场足球比赛】【on TV!在电视上】【句子结构，祈使句：两个并列动词+宾语+地点状语】【come and watch =come to watch】中文翻译：大明：嗨/嘿，托尼，过来在电视上看这场足球比赛. Tony: Ok. What’s the score?【名词得分；比分；进球数】 中文翻译：托尼：好的.这个比赛得分/比分是多少？ Daming: Spain scored 【a minute ago一分钟之前】.【动词(比赛中)得(分)，进(球)】 中文翻译：大明：西班牙一分钟前刚得分了. Tony: Wo w! That’s fast! 中文翻译：托尼：哇噻，那真是太快了！
Daming: 【That’s right!那是对的】【Last week 上个星期】【the match 那场比赛】【on TV 电视上的】【was 是】【so boring如此的无聊/乏味】【because 因为】【no one没有一个人】【scored得分】【at all 根本】. 【So 因此】【this week’s match这个周的比赛】【is already 已经是】【more exciting.更加令人兴奋的;令人激动的;刺激的】中文翻译：大明：那是对的，上个星期电视上这场比赛非常乏味，因为根本没有一方得分/进球了，因此这个周的比赛已经更加刺激/令人兴奋. Betty: What’s the matter with you, Tony? You look tired. 中文翻译：贝蒂：托尼，你怎么了？你看上去感觉很疲劳. Tony: I’m really tired after last night’s tennis match. And I hurt my knee.中文翻译：托尼：昨天晚上看完网球比赛后我感觉非常累，我伤到了我的膝盖. Daming: That’s too bad! Sit down and watch the match. It’s safer than playing tennis. 中文翻译：大明：那真太槽糕了，坐下来观看这场比赛，这/它比打网球更加安全. Betty: Yes, watching is not dangerous and it’s more relaxing too! 中文翻译：贝蒂：是的，观看不危险，并且它也是更加令人放松. Tony: Well, I’m not sur e about that. Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis. 中文翻译：托尼，好吧，我不确信是那样，没有事情是比打网球更加
Unit 7 The Joy of Travel Transformative Travel Twenty-five years ago I felt like a wreck. Although I was just 23, my life already seemed over. The future appeared as much like a wasteland as the emptiness I could see while looking back to the past. I felt lost, without choices, without hope. I was stuck in a job I hated and trapped in an engagement with a woman I didn't love. At the time, both commitments seemed like a good idea, but I suppose it was the fantasy of being a successful, married businessman that appealed to me far more than the reality. I decided to take a class just for the entertainment value. It happened to be an introductory counseling course, one that involved personal sharing in the group. We were challenged to make commitments publicly about things we would like to change in our lives, and in a moment of pure impulsiveness, I declared that by the next class meeting I was going to quit my job and end my engagement. A few days later I found myself unemployed and unattached, excited by the freedom, yet terrified about what to do next. I needed some kind of transition from my old life to a new one, a sort of ritual that would help me to transform myself from one person into another. So I did something just as impulsive as my previous actions: I booked a trip for a week in Aruba. In spite of what others might have thought, I was not running away from something but to something. I wanted a clean break, and I knew I needed to get away from my usual environment and influences so as to think clearly about where I was headed. Once settled into my room on the little island of Aruba, I began my process of self-change. I really could have been anywhere as long as nobody could reach me by phone and I had the peace and quiet to think about what I wanted to do. I spent the mornings going for long walks on the beach, the afternoons sitting under my favorite tree, reading books and listening to tapes. Probably most important of all, I forced myself to get out of my room and go to meet people. Ordinarily shy, I now decided that I was someone who was perfectly capable of having a conversation with anyone I chose. Since nobody knew the "real" me, the way I had always been, I felt free to be completely different. It took me almost a year to pay off that trip, but I am convinced that my single week in Aruba was worth three years in therapy. That trip started a number of processes that helped me to transform myself. This is how I did it: I created a mindset that made me ready for change. I expected that big things were
education 教育 input in education 教育投入 communal participation 社会参与 enhance the moral awareness of 提高……的思想品德 professional ethics 职业道德 credit system 学分制 guarantee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多学科的 key university 重点大学 national expenditure on education 国家教育经费 account for…% 占百分比 intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备 to become educated through independent study 自学成材 compulsory education 普及教育 preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育 adult education 成人教育 vocational and technical education 职业技术教育 institutions of higher learning 高等学校inservice training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课 record of formal schooling 学历 diploma 文凭，学历证明 二、常用句型 1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2、强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us. 3、"All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5、"something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like 译为"有点像，略似。" They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7、as…as…can(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8、"It is i n(with)…as in(with)"
Unit 1 Personality 羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感：１．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。２．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。３．内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。４．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。５．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。６．接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如，如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术，要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心，你们还是好朋友，但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。７．记住，每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历，从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机，随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如，你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而，在你就读的大学里，你可能发现这里教育的某一特点比你料想的好得多。８．有些人会使你感到自己无能，不要和这种人交往。去设法改变他们对你的态度或者改变你对自己的态度，要不就脱离这种关系。伤害你的人并不关心你的最大利益。９．留出时间休息，享受自己的业余爱好，并且定期地重新审定自己的目标。为此所花费的时间有助于更好地了解你自己。１０．多在社交场合中锻炼。不要把自己同他人隔离开来。设法一次结识一位朋友；最终你将能够娴熟而自信地在众人中周旋。我们每个人都是独一无二、难能可贵的个体。我们自有吸引人的地方。我们对自己了解得越多，就越容易充分发挥自己的潜力。不要让羞怯成为阻碍我们拥有丰富和成功生活的绊脚石。 Unit3 Social Problems
Unit 9 Music In-Class Reading Music to Your Gear 参考译文 音乐与开车 安迪·埃利斯 1 尽管音乐能使你胸中的怒气平息，但是开车时听音乐也会损害你的健康。近期研究表明，听声音很响的音乐会严重地影响司机的注意力，而且心理学家也提醒人们，不断地在车里放这种音乐是很危险的，尤其是处于车流中或在高速公路上开车时。 2 音乐有两个极端，任何一个极端都有可能带来危险。重金属音乐以其强烈的节奏会使人莽撞驾驶，而聆听处于另一个极端的优美的、令人舒心的音乐，会使司机过分放松，以至于丧失安全意识，陷入迷迷糊糊的欲睡状态。 3 英国汽车协会一直关注道路安全，它委托搞了一个项目，研究严重车祸与音乐之间的关系。这项研究发现，17至25年龄段的男人是最危险、最易产生车祸的群体。研究还发现，这个群体的人70%的开车时间都在听音乐。 4 快节奏或重金属音乐要是放得很响，会使人易怒好斗，开起车来就会冲劲十足，这种司机也就更容易去冒险。开车的速度受到了音乐的速度和节奏的控制。 5 在试验中，给那些自愿参加实验的司机听声音很响的音乐，他们说尽管他们不一定感到非要开快车，但的确发现自己换档更快了，加速也快了，刹车更急了。若是让这些司机听慢节奏的抒情曲，他们承认经常感到自己走神，他们在高速公路上长途开车时，至少有两位参试的司机发现自己不知不觉地在跨越车道标记。 6 这些自愿参试的司机（有些刚刚拿到驾驶执照）所发表的意见非常说明问题。十八岁的西蒙告诉英国汽车协会，“《走出地狱的蝙蝠》里的快节奏摇滚乐真会让人送命的。我发现自己不知不觉地越开越快。” 7 另一名自愿参试的司机一直在听ZZ Top乐队最流行的曲子，他说，“我一直在快速行驶，扯着嗓门唱歌，没有看见也没有听见那辆一直想超过我的消防车。” 8 还有些人说：“我陷入了深思”…… “人的感觉会变得麻木” …… “听不见别的汽车是个问题”，“我一直在随着音乐的节奏加快速度。” 9 一些慢节奏的背景音乐，如肖邦的音乐，会刺激人的大脑，使思维模式发生变化，激发阿尔法脑波，使人有一种舒服愉快的感觉。处于放松状态在大多数情况下对我们有好处，但开车时则不然。心理学家雪利?费希尔教授提醒人们说：“最大的危险是疲劳驾驶。有些音乐会使你无法集中注意力，甚至陷入轻度睡眠状态，那样就会造成可怕的惨祸。” 10 “问题的关键在于根据具体情况选择合适的音乐。刺激性的音乐适合在漫长、枯燥的道路上听，但是当交通状况糟糕时，或是交通拥挤时，这种音乐会分散你的注意力。” 11 然而，音乐也有其好的一面，正如英国汽车协会的心理学家罗伯特?韦斯特所指出的那样：“如果有些音乐影响我们安全行驶，那么反过来也是有道理的。
1劣于或优于 2来自起源于 3被精美的展示出来 4收集的热度和广度 5 记录下这些体验 6娱乐活动 7与相符合 8耐性和个性 9投入时间和金钱 10学习的热情 11卷入陷入 12有趣的设施 13坚定的信仰 14从中得到乐趣 15优势互补 1因而丰富 2导致成功 3恰当的例子 4实现目标 5学士学位 6工商管理 7全球市场 8互惠互利的 9主导力量 10奢侈品和必需品 11将大量的精力集中在上12激烈的争议 13制造产品 14管理结构 15尽管事实是 1从这个定义上而言 2被。。。吸引 3视觉形象 4发现自己意识到 5亲密的语言 6掌握富有表达力的英语 7生动的描述 8经验性的证据 9假装做。。 10研究的局限性 11担忧。。1 be inferior or superior to 2 stem from 3 be beautifully displayed 4 the intensity and extensiveness of the collection 5 capture these experiences 6 recreational activity 7 correspond to/with 8 endurance and personality 9 invest time and money in 10 the enthusiasm to learn 11 involve in 12 enjoyable facilities 13 unyielding conviction 14 derive enjoyment from 15 achieve a mutual advantage 1 be enriched by 2 contribute to success 3 a case in point 4 execute one’s objective 5 a bachielor degree 6 bussiness administration 7 global market 8 mutually beneficial 9 the dominant force 10 luxury and necessity 11 focus extensively on 12 intense controversy 13 manufacture products 14 management structure 15 despite the fact that 1 by that definition 2 be fascinated by 3 visual image 4 find myself conscious of 5 language of intimacy 6 expressive command of English belies 7 vivid descreption 8 empirical evidence 9 pretend to do 10 the limitations of research 11 be concerned about
Unit 1 Personality羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感：１．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。２．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。３．内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。４．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。５．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。６．接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如，如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术，要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心，你们还是好朋友，但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。７．记住，每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历，从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机，随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如，你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而，
1.必修二Module 1 Zhou Kai (1) 周凯（1） When Zhou Kai’s mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. 周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯，问道 “Zhou Kai, where are you going?” she asked. "周凯，上哪儿去呀?" “To the park. I’m going to play football,” said Zhou Kai"去公园踢球，"周凯说。 “But it’s raining! You’ll catch a bad cold,” said his mother. "下着雨呢!会得重感冒的，"妈妈说。 “No I won’t. I’ll be fine,” said Zhou Kai, as he opened the door. "不会的，没事，"周凯边说边开门。“Zhou Kai, you’ll get ill. You know you will. You can at least go and get your jacket.” "周凯，你会生病的，肯定会的。你至少可以去拿上你的夹克衫。 “OK, OK.” Zhou Kai went as he was told. "好吧，好吧，"周凯听话地带了件夹克，走了出去。 My mother has always made sure we eat very healthily, and fresh fruit and vegetables are a very important part of our diet. 我妈妈总是想方设法让我们吃得健康，新鲜水果和蔬菜是我们食谱中很重要的一部分。We live near the sea and we have fish about four times a week. 我们家靠近大海，一周吃四次鱼。We don't eat much fat or sugar.脂肪和糖分的摄取不是很多。A lot of my school friends eat sweets every day but I'm lucky because I don't have a sweet-tooth学校里很多同学每天都吃:甜食，我很幸运我不喜好甜食-- I'd rather eat a nice piece of fruit.我宁愿吃一块(一片)美味的水果。And I'm not too heavy, so I never have to diet, or anything like that. 我不是很胖，所以;我不必节食，也不必做其他类似的事情。 I'm quite healthy I very rarely get colds, although, unusually for me, I had a bad cold and a bit of a fever last week.我很健康。很少感冒。不过很少见的是上周得了重感冒还有点发烧。But that's because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.但那是因为我真是够蠢的，居然在雨中踢足球。I don't often get things like flu either.我也不常染上流感。Last winter almost all my classmates got flu--- but I didn't.去年冬天全班同学儿乎都得了流感---我却幸免了。I think I don't get these things because I take a lot of exercise and am very fit. 我认为我不会得这些病，因为我经常锻炼，很健康。Two years ago I broke my arm playing football. The injury was quite painful and I couldn't move my arm for a month --- I hated that.两年前我在踢球时胳膊骨折了。伤口疼得厉害，胳膊一个月不能动，太讨厌了。 So as you can see from what I've said, I'm a normal kind of person.从我上面的话你可以看出，我是个普通的人。But there's one thing I really love--- I'm crazy about football. 不过有一件事我非常喜爱-----我对足球太着迷了。I'm captain of the class team at school and I'm also a member of the Senior High team.我是班上足球队的队长，也是高中球队的球员。Because of this, I make sure that I have a good diet, and as I've said, this isn't a problem because my mother feeds us so well.正因为如此，我确保自己的合理膳食，我早就说过，这没问题，妈妈照顾我们吃得真是太好了。 2.必修二Module 2 Article 1文章一 My name is Adam Rouse. I’m 19 years old and I used to be a drug addict. 我叫亚当?鲁斯，19岁。我曾经是