否定疑问句的构成和用法
反意疑问句是在陈述句后边加上一个简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的内容提出相反的疑问,这种句子就叫作反意疑问句。反意疑问句可以表示真实的疑问,也可以表示提问人的倾向、强调或反问。如果陈述句是肯定句时,后边的反意疑问句通常要用否定式;反之,如果陈述句是否定句时,后边的反意疑问句通常要用肯定式。陈述句和后边的反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要保持一致。例如:
He speaks English, doesn't he?
Mary won't do it, will she?
Lies cannot cover up the facts, can they?
回答反意疑问句和回答一般疑问句一样,肯定回答用"Yes, +肯定结构";否定回答用"No, +否定结构"。这与汉语习惯有所不同。例如:
-He's a doctor, isn't he?他是医生,对吧?
-Yes, he is.对,他是医生。(No, he isn't.不,他不是医生。)
-He isn't a doctor, is he?他不是医生,对吧?
-Yes, he is.不,他是医生。(No, he isn't.对,他不是医生。)
在使用反意疑问句时,特别要注意以下几点:
1.当动词have作"有"讲时,可以有两种反意疑问句形式。例如:
He hasn't any sisters, has he?
He doesn't have any sisters, does he?
当have表示其它含义(如:经历、遭受、得到、吃……)讲时,只有一种反意疑问句形式:
You all had a good time, didn't you?
He often has colds, doesn't he?
They had milk and bread for breakfast, didn't they?
2.如果陈述句的谓语动词含有have to, had to时,反意疑问句通常用其适当形式。例如: We have to get there at 8 a.m. tomorrow, don't we?
They had to take the early train, didn't they?
3. need和dare既可以作情态动词,又可以作实义动词,注意有两种反意疑问句形式。例如: You needn't hand in your paper today, need you?
You don't need to hand in your paper today, do you?
He dare ask the teacher, dare not he?
He doesn't dare to ask the teacher, does he?
4.如果陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时,也可以有两种反意疑问句形式。例如:
He used to live in London, usedn't/ didn't he?
5.如果陈述句中出现never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, few, little, nobody, no one, nothing等含有否定意义的词时,反意疑问句通常要用肯定式。例如:
She seldom goes to the concert, does she?
He has few good reasons for staying, has he?
6.如果陈述句中的主语是不定式短语、动名词短语、从句、everything或nothing时,反意疑问句通常要用it作主语。例如:
To sell/ Selling newspaper was his job, wasn't it?
What he said is true, isn't it?
Everything is all right, isn't it?
7.如果陈述句中的主语是不定代词everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, each of等时,反意疑问句通常要用they或he作主语。例如:
Somebody borrowed my bike, didn't they/ he?
Each of them passed the exam, didn't they?
No one was hurt, was he/were they?
8.如果陈述句用"I am"时,反意疑问句通常要用"aren't I?"。例如:
I'm late, aren't I?
9.如果陈述句是含有宾语从句的复合句式,反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要与主句保持一致。例如:
He never said that he would come, did he?
I told that not everyone could do it, didn't I?
但是,如果陈述句是"I don't think (believe, suppose, imagine等)含有宾语从句的复合句式",反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要和从句保持一致,并且要用肯定式。例如:
I don't think the lady can complete the difficult job alone, can she?
I don't believe he knows it, does he?
10.如果陈述句是含有"there be"结构时,反意疑问句要用there,省去主语代词.
英语中的反意疑问句
反意疑问句，又名附加疑问句，是英语中疑问句形式的一种。这一结构由第一部分提出看法，第二部分提出质疑。如果第一部分为肯定形式，第二部分通常用否定形式；第一部分为否定形式，第二部分就用肯定形式，两部分的时态要一致。例如：
It is a fine day, isn't it?
It isn't a fine day, is it?
从功能上讲，特别是在口语中，同样是反意疑问句，通过使用不同语调所表达的语意却大不相同。传统的解释是，句子后半部分读作轻声调时，表示信息咨询；句子后半部分读作降调时，含有期望对方肯定之意。反意疑问句从语言功能上讲有"犹豫不决"、"避免冲突"等底蕴。这与西方文化对女性社会角色的认定相吻合，故多为女子所使用。其次，来自方言变体的研究表明，在英语文化中，反意疑问句常用来表示"纡尊降贵"的言外之意，暗含明显的优越感。
近年来，在我国的大学英语四、六级考试中，反意疑问句的考点屡有出现。例如在2002年6月CET-4中43题为：There has been a great increase in retail sales, _______ ?
A) does there B) isn't there C) hasn't there D) isn't it
这该如何选择？反意疑问句是较容易掌握的一种语言现象，但在具体应用时，当主句中含有特殊的词或词组，或主句为一种特殊句型时，有的学习者往往犹豫不决。针对这种情况，笔者总结了以下几点，希望能对学习者有所帮助。
一、当主句的主语或谓语为特殊的词或词组时：
1. 当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, no one , nobody, somebody 等合成词或词组时，反意疑问句部分的主语在非正式文体中，往往用they,有时也用he; 而当陈述部分的主语为this, that, everything, nothing, something等时，反意疑问句部分的主语用it,如：
Somebody called on him yesterday, didn't they?
2. 当陈述部分是there存在句时，反意疑问句主语也用there。如：
There is no way out, is there?
因此在上述考题中，应选C。
3. 当陈述部分带有表示"所有"含义的have时，反意疑问句部分既可用have引导，也可用do引导，但当have不表示所有含义时，附加疑问句必须用do引导。
You have a good friend, haven't you / don't you?
We had a good time in the city, didn't we?
4. 当陈述部分主语为used to 时，反意疑问句部分动词可用used to 或did 形式引导，如：
Your father used to drink a lot, usedn't he / didn't he?
5. 当陈述部分的主语是one时，反意疑问句部分的主语在正式场合用one,在非正式场合用you,如：
One should be happy in this situation, shouldn't one/ shouldn't you?
6.如果陈述部分的动词或形容词是加否定前缀构成的，则反意疑问句中动词仍用否定，如：
He is unmarried, isn't he?
而当陈述部分的主语为nothing 时，则反意疑问句中动词用肯定,如：
There is nothing left, is there?
7. 当陈述部分为ought to 时，反意疑问句部分可用should引导，也可用ought to 形式，如：
He ought to go by train, shouldn't/oughtn't he?
8. 当陈述部分带有情态动词need,dare时，反意疑问句部分一般由need,dare 等构成，如：
The boy needn't make such a loud noise, need he?
但当need ,dare 作行为动词时，则应按行为动词构成反意疑问句的方法，即加助动词来构成反意疑问句部分。
9. 当陈述句部分为动词wish时，反意疑问句用may 的肯定形式，如：
I wish to shake hands with you, may I?
10. 当陈述句部分含有情态动词must时，要根据must 的具体含义而定。
1)当陈述部分的must表示"一定"，"想必"等推测意义时，反意疑问句部分不用must,而必须根据must 后的动词而采用相应的助动词来构成反意疑问句。如：
You must be very happy, aren't you？
He must have taught English for many years, hasn't he?
2)当陈述部分的must 表示"必须"的含义时，反意疑问句部分用mustn't，如：
They must hand in their papers right now, mustn't they?
3)当陈述部分的must 表示"有必要"时，反意疑问句部分用needn't，如：
He must go now , needn't he?
4)当陈述部分为mustn't 表示"禁止"时，反意疑问句部分用must，如：
You mustn't smoke in the room, must you?
二、当主句的主语或谓语动词为特殊结构时：
1. 当陈述部分为I'm...结构时，反意疑问句一般为aren't I,如：
I am right, aren't I?
2.当陈述部分为you'd better 或you'd rather时，反意疑问句用hadn't you或wouldn't you，如：
You'd better finish your homework, hadn't you?
3. 动词不定式，动名词短语或其他短语作陈述句部分的主语时，反意疑问句的主语通常用it ,如：
To get rid of a bad habit is not easy, is it?
三、当主句为特殊句型时：
1. 当陈述句是一个主从复合句，反意疑问句部分一般应根据主句的谓语动词而定，但当陈述句为并列复合句时，依后一句谓语而定,如：
It's not colder than it was yesterday, is it?
但当主句是I suppose, I think, I believe 等结构时，反意疑问句往往应根据从句的主、谓来定，但要注意否定的转移。如：
I don't suppose he is serious , is he?
2. 祈使句也可用反意疑问句，其谓语形式通常用情态动词will, shall, can 等构成,如：
Pass me the sugar, will you?
Don't talk like that, will you?
如果是否定祈使句，反意疑问句部分则用all right, OK等,如：
Let's not go to the park, OK?
由Let's 引导的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用shall we 或will you,这取决于us 的含义。当us 包括说者与听者在内，陈述部分形式为Let's，疑问部分用shall we ,而当us 只指听者，陈述部分形式为Let us, 疑问部分用will you，如：
Let's try harder, shall we?
Let us go now, will you?
3. 感叹句的反意疑问句，其动词用to be 的现在时，而且通常为否定，如：
What a fanny man, isn't he?
四、特殊形式的反意疑问句
1. 陈述部分与附加部分同时都是肯定或否定，则表示说话人怀疑、嘲讽的态度。如：
Your car is outside, is it?
He doesn't like his job, doesn't he?
2. 有时反意疑问句部分主语为you,与陈述句主语不同，此时，反意疑问句相当于How about you? What do you think of it? 其谓语也跟主句谓语一致。如：
I hope they won't have to wait all day, don't you?
因此，英语中的反意疑问句是一种既简单又复杂的语言现象，在我们的学习中，不但要能够全面地掌握其用法，还要能够在正确的场合中正确地使用，这对于我们外语学习者是非常重要的。
1．当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。如：I find English very interesting, don’t you?
I don’t like that film, do you?
2．当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he，尤其是nobody, no one等作主语，具有否定概念时。如：
Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t they?
Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t they?
Nobody wants to go there, does he?
3．当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时，附加疑问句中的主语一般用it，不用they。如：
Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it?
Nothing is kept in good order, is it?
Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t it?
4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如：
This is important, isn’t it?
That isn’t correct, is it?
These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they?
5.如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合用you,在美国英语中，在非正式场合还可以用he。如：
One can’t be too careful, can one?或can you?
One should do his duty, shouldn’t he?
6．如果陈述部分用I’m…结构，附加疑问部分一般用aren’t I。如：
I am strong and healthy aren’t I。
7．当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如：There’s no help for it, is there?
There’s something wrong, isn’t there?
8．陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing 等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如：
Bob rarely got drunk, did he?
Few people know him, do they?
She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?
如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如：
He was unsu ccessful, wasn’t he?
Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he?
9．当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如：
She says that I did it, doesn’t she?
I told them not everybody could do it ,didn’t I?
但当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。
I suppose that he’s serious isn’t he?
I don’t think she cares, does she?
10．当陈述部分是并列句，附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如：Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldn’t he?
11．在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you,有时也可用can you, can’t you, why don’t you, could you等。如：Don’t open the door, will you?
Give me some cigarettes, can you?
Take a rest, why don’t you?
但是，以let’s开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句，如果含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用will you。如：
Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?
Let us go out for a rest, will you?
12．当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时，疑问部分用mustn’t。如：You must work hard next term, mustn’t you?
I m ust answer the letter, mustn’t I?
但若表推测这层含义时，不能用must，而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构（即must 之后的动词）以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如：
You must have made a mistake, haven’t you?
They must have seen the film last week, didn’t they?
He must be in the library, isn’t he?
13．当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时，疑问部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如：The old man used to smoke, didn’t he?或usedn’t he?
Tom used to live here, usedn’t he?或didn’t he?
14 当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，疑问部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如：
He ought to know the answer, oughtn’t he?
We ought to read this book, oughtn’t we?或shouldn’t we?
15．当陈述部分含有had better时，疑问部分用had。
如： You’d better finish your homework now, hadn’t you?
16．感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时，且常用否定形式。如：What a clever boy, isn’t he?
What a lovely day, isn’t it?
17．陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。如：
Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn’t it?
Between six and seven will suit you, won’t it?
Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?
18．在口语和非正式文体中，为了加强语气，只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答，这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如：Oh, he is a writer, is he?
You’ll not go, won’t you?
19．陈述句中的谓语动词是wish，表示愿望时用may，且用肯定形式。如：
I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?
20．当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have（has）时，疑问部分既可用have 形式，也可用do形式。如：
Yo u have a new bike, haven’t you（或don’t you）?
She doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she?
反意疑问句的巩固练习：
1.I don’t think that the necklace is made of diamond,________?
A. do I
B. do you
C. isn’t it
D. is it
2.His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned,________?
A. hadn’t
B. had
C. didn’t she
D. did she
3.It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,____________?
A. haven’t I
B. don’t I
C. don’t he
D. isn’t it
4.Harry wouldn’t become a teacher if it hadn’t been for the holiday, ____________?
A. would he
B. had it
C. would it
D. had he
5.No one left here yesterday,________?
A. didn’t they
B. did they
C. didn’t one
D. did one
6.Birds rarely build nests in our garden,________?
A. do n’t they
B. do they
C. didn’t they
D. did they
7.You must have been to the Great Wall,____________?
A. mustn’t you
B. haven’t you
C. aren’t you
D. must you
8.learning how to repair motors takes a long time,________?
A. doesn’t it
B. don’t the y
C. does it
D. do they
9.They must have stayed at home last night,________?
A. mustn’t they
B. haven’t they
C. didn’t they
D. must they
10.I feel like going to the cinema tonight,________?
A. don’t I
B. don’t you
C. do I
D. do you
11.Le t’s start out early tomorrow morning,________?
A. shall we
B. will you
C. do you
D. can’t you
12.There’s not much news in today’s newspaper,________?
A. isn’t it
B. is it
C. isn’t there
D. is there
13.They need our help badly at the moment,________?
A. needn’t they
B. need they
C. don’t they
D. do they
14.She is unfit for the position,________?
A. is she
B. isn’t she
C. doesn’t she
D. does she
15.I wish to visit America,________?
A. don’t I
B. can I
C. may I
D. may you
16.She’s been a worker here for many years,________?
A. isn’t she
B. is she
C. hasn’t she
D. has she
17.What beautiful flowers,________?
A. aren’t they
B. are they
C. isn’t it
D. is it
18.Mother used to live in a poor village,____________?
A. sed she
B. usedn’t she
C. didn’t he
D. did he
19.You’d better go at once,________?
A. wouldn’t you
B. had you
C. hadn’t you
D. should you
20.I am very inter ested in Mark Twain’s novels,________?
A. aren’t I
B. am not I
C. aren’t you
D. are you
Keys:1-5 DCBAB6-10 BBACD11-15 ADABC16-20 CABCA
特殊疑问句的结构及用法 1.特殊疑问句由疑问词引导，不同的疑问词用来询问不同的对象。 2.特殊疑问句的句型是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的句式，也就是“疑问词﹢系动词/助动词/情态动词﹢主语﹢其他成分。” 3.特殊疑问句不能用Yes 或No 来回答，而要对所询问的对象有针对地回答。特殊疑问词： 意思用法 who 谁问人的身份，姓名等 He is LiLie Who is he ? He is my brother. Who is he ? whose 谁的问所属关系 This is her book. Whose book is this ? when 什么时候问时间 We play games in the afternoon. When do you play games? where 什么地方问地点 We play games at home on Sunday ? Where do you play games on Sunday? why 为什么问原因 He isn't at school today because he is ill. Why isn't he at school today ? which 哪一个问一定范围内特指的人或物 The big box is mine. There are two boxes.Which box is yours? Which apple do you like? I like the smaller one. what 什么问人的职业或事物是什么 He is a worker. What is he? He has a book. What does he have ? what color 什么颜色问颜色 My skirt is red. What color is your skirt? what time 几点问时间=when We play games at five in the afternoon ? What time do you play games? what day 星期几问星期几 What day is it today？It is Monday. how 怎样问健康状况、做事的方式、程度等 He is fine/strong. How is he ?（问健康状况） I go home by bike. How do you go home?（问做事的方式） The river is 100 meters. How deep is the river? (问程度)
一般疑问句的肯定回答 与否定回答 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
一般疑问句的肯定回答与否定回答 1. 主语一致 IsheTomYes,,heisn’t. Aretheygood friendsYes,,theyaren’t. 注意①：问句用you,回答改用I或We AreyouJackYes,,I’m not. AreyouChineseYes,,wearen’t. 注意②：问句用this/that或these/those,回答改用it或they Isthisyour bookYes,,itisn’t. Arethoseyour books Yes,,theyaren’t. 练一练 Are you Gina Are those his erasers Are you 12 years old Is she a good teacher Are these his books 含be动词的句子变疑问和否定句变法 Be动词包含：am is are 否定句： eg：It is a goat. It is not a goat. You are a teacher. You are not a teacher. 总结:含be动词的句子改否定句就是在be动词后面加not 疑问句： 1一般情况把be动词提前，其余成分照抄 2句子中出现I am 或We are 是将它们改成Are you其余成分照抄 3句子中出现My 或our时，先将句子改成一般疑问句再将my或our变成your
一、将下列句子改为一般疑问句 1、This is my handbag. 2、That is his pencil. 3、It is his house . 4、This is your car. 5、That is her pen. 二、看下列句子做肯定回答和否定回答 1、Is this his book 2、Is that your watch 3、Is it a skirt 4、Is he a teacher 5、Are you happy 三、将下列句子改为否定句 1、This is my shirt. 2、That is your car. 3、He is a doctor. 4、It is her dog. 5、We are Chinese.
特殊疑问词及其用法（对划线部分提问）对划线部分提问时首先要辨别是对什么进行提问。 如划线部分指的是做事的方式或健康状况时就要用特殊疑问词how； 如是划线部分指的是人的职业或事物那么就要用特殊疑问词what； 如果划线部分指的是人那么特殊疑问词就要用who； 如果划线部分指的是地点或位置就要用特殊疑问词where； 如果划线部分指的时间，那么一般情况下要用when来提问； 如果强调具体某一范围内的物或人就要用which； 如果划线部分强调的是所属关系时就要用whose来提问； 如果划线部分指的是原因就要用特殊疑问词why。 特殊疑问句的一般构成如下： 特殊疑问词+be动词+其它部分或 特殊疑问词+助动词+其它部分或 特殊疑问词+名词+be动词+其它部分或 特殊疑问词+名词+助动词+其它部分 注：其它部分不作更改，按顺序照搬，并省掉划线部分，但是如果句中涉及第一人称时要改为第二人称，最后加上“？” 1.特殊疑问词how a．how是表示问健康状况或做事的方式的一个特殊疑问词，意思是“怎样”。如果划线部分指的健康状况或做事的方式时，那么特殊疑问词就应该用how。 句式结构：how +be动词+其他部分+？或how +助动词+其他部分+？ For exmaple: （1）划线部分指的是健康状况 I’m fine.(对划线部分提问)How are you？ My brother feels better now.(对划线部分提问)How does your brother feel now ？ （2）划线部分指的是做事的方式 I get to shool on a bike. How do you get to school ? He ofen makes meals according to some recipe. How does he make meals ? b. 由how组成的几个复合特殊疑问词。 （1）how old表示问年龄，意思是“几岁”。 For example， Her father is forty. How old is her father ? （how old+be动词+其他部分+？） （2）how many修饰可数名词，表示问事物的数量，意思是“多少”。For example， There are seven books. How many books are there ? （how many+名词+be动词+其他部分+？） （3）how much修饰不可数名词,表示问事物的数量或价钱，意思是“多少”。For exmaple， There is some milk in the bottle. How much milk is there in the bottle ?（how much+名词+be动词+其他部分+？） The pants are 20 yuan. How much are the pants ? （how much+be动词+其他部分+？） （4）how far表示问路程，意思是“多远”。 For example It's five kilometers away from here. How far is it from here ? （how far+be动词+其他部分+？） （5）how long表示问一段时间或问物体的长短，意思是“多久或多长”。 For exmaple，
疑问句（questions）指提出问题，请对方回答的句子。疑问句句末要用问号。按结构可分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。（一）一般疑问句 1、一般疑问句概述 一般疑问句（general questions），也可称为“yes/no”questions（是否型问句），因为它一般是由yes或no回答的，如： —Can you swim to the other side？你能游到对岸吗？ —Yes, I can.是的，我能。 —No，I can’t.不，我不能。 —Have you locked the door？你锁门了吗？ —Yes，I have.是的，锁了。 —No，I haven’t. 不，没有锁。 2一般疑问句的结构 （1）基本的结构为：be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他),句子要读升调，如： Are they your friends？他们是你的朋友吗？ Does he go to school on foot？他是步行去上学吗？ Will you be free tonight？你今晚有空吗？ Can you play basketball？你会打篮球吗？ （2）陈述句亦可用作一般疑问句，多用在非正式文体中，句末有问号，用升调，如： Somebody is with you？有人和你一起吗？ He didn’t finish the work？他没有做完活吗？ You are fresh from America，I suppose？我猜，你刚从美国回来吧？ 3、一般疑问句的答语 （1）一般疑问句一般由yes或no来回答，如： —Are you tired？你累了吗？ —Yes，I am.是的,累了。 —No, I’m not.不，不累。 —Does she do the cleaning？她扫除了吗？ —Yes ，she does.是的，她打扫了。 —No，she doesn’t.不，她没打扫。 （2）回答一般疑问句除了用yes或no外，也可用certainly，probably，perhaps，of course，all right，with pleasure等代替yes，用never，not at all等代替no，如：—Can you help me？你能帮个忙吗？ —Certainly.当然。 —Could you please make less noise？你可以小声一点吗？ —All right，sir.好的，先生。 —Have you been there？你到过那里吗？ —Never.从来没有。 4、一般疑问句的否定式 （1）一般疑问句的否定式，一般结构为系动词/助动词/情态动词+not+主语；也可为系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+not，如：
一般疑问句 一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是指用yes（是）或no(否）来回答的句子。其结构是： 系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分 通常回答为： 肯定：Yes，+主语+提问的助动词. 否定：No,+主语+提问的助动词+not. 如: Are you from Japan﹖ Yes I am．/ No I’m not． Is her sister doing her homework now﹖ Yes she is． / No she isn't． Does he work in a bank﹖ Yes he does． / No he doesn't． Do you live near your school﹖ Yes I do． / No I don't． Can you speak French﹖ Yes I can． / No I can't． May I go home now﹖ Yes you may． / No you mustn't． 注意： 1．将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词（am/ is/ are）时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。如：I’m in Class 2Grade 1．→ Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖ We’re watching TV．→ Are you watching TV﹖ 2．陈述句中有情态动词（can may must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为一般疑问句。如： He can swim now．→ Can he swim now﹖ The children may come with us．→ May the children come with us﹖ 3．陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如： I like these animals．→ Do you like these animals﹖ She wants to go to the movies．→ Does she want to go to the movies﹖
特殊疑问句用法及练习题（附答案）意思用法例句 who 谁问人的身份，姓名 等He is LiLie Who is he ? He is my brother.Who is he ? whom 谁问人的身份，姓名 等(问宾语）I can ask him the question. Whom can you ask the question? what 什么问人的职业或事物 是什么He is a worker.What is he? He has a book. What does he have ? which 哪一个问一定范围内特指 的人或物The big box is mine. Which box is yours? The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is Ann? whose 谁的问所属关系This is her book.Whose book is this ? This book is hers. Whose is this book? what color 什么颜色问颜色（表语）My skirt is red. What color is your skirt? What time 几点问点时间We play games at five in the afternoon ? What time do you play games? when 什么时候问时间We play games in the afternoon ? When do you play games? where 什么地方问地点（状语）We play games at home on Sunday ? Where do you play games on Sunday? why 为什么问原因He isn't at school today because he is ill. Why isn't he at school today ? how 怎样问健康状况、 做事的方式等He is fine/strong. How is he ? I go home by bike. How do you go home? how old 多大几岁问年龄He is ten.How old is he ? how many 多少跟复数名词， 问数量There are thirty boys in my class. How many boys are there in your class? how much 多少跟不可数名词 问数量或价钱There is some milk in the bottle. How much milk is there in the bottle? how far 多远问路程It's five kilometers away from here? How far is it from here? how soon 多久问in+一段时间He can finish it in half an hour. How soon can he finish it ? how long 多久问一段时间， 问物体的长短He has lived here for a year. How long has he lived here? The desk is one meters long. How long is the desk ?
一般现在时练习题一 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. We often___________(play) in the playgound. 2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock. 3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What (do) he usually (do)after scho ol? He usuall (do) (h e) homework. 5. Danny (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Scienc e and Art an school. 6. Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister 7. At eight at night, she __________(watch) TV with his parents. 8. ________ Mike________(read) English every day? 9. How many lessons_________your classmate________(have) on Mond ay? 10. What time_________his mother_________(do) the housework? 改句子 1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 2. I have many books. （改为否定句） 3. Gao Shan’s sister likes playing table tennis. （改为否定 句） （改为一般疑问 句） 4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为否定 句 （改为一般疑问 句） ( 划线提 问) 5. I watch TV every day.
特殊疑问句的结构及用法 变为一般疑问句 He is a runner. I am watching TV. She has 7 classes every day. They’ll go boating tomorrow. Tom left home. Jim can dance. 特殊疑问句（对划线部分提问）=疑问词+一般疑问句，其回答不能用yes或no,读降调。 疑问词的具体用法： 1. what 对动词和名词提问，意为：什么，What time 几点What color 什么颜色 2. where对地点提问，意为：在哪里，Where are you from ? 3. when（while）对时间提问，意为：什么时候，When do you come back? 4. which对目标提问，意为：哪一个，哪些 Which one do you like best? 5. why对原因提问，意为：为什么，Why do you like English? 6. who对人提问，意为：谁，Who are you？ 7. whose对物体的所属提问，意为：谁的，Whose bike is this? 8. how对方式和程度提问，意为：怎么样，How do you come to school? 9. how many对可数名词数量提问，意为：多少，How many books do you have? 10. how much ①对不可数名词数量提问，意为:多少How much rice do you need? ②对物体的价格提问，意为：多少How much is this cap? 11. how long对过去的时间和长度提问，意为：多长时间How long did you keep the book? How long is the Yellow River? 12. how far对距离提问，意为:多远How far is it from your home to school? 13. how old 对年龄提问，意为：多少岁How old are you ? 14. how often 对频率提问，意为：多久一次 How often do you go to the library? 15.how soon 对将来的时间提问，意为：多快 How soon will you come back? 16.What…the weather like?=How…the weather” 对“天气状况”提问 Today is rainy. → What is the weather like today?=How is the weather today 练习，对划线部分提问 1.Jack often goes to work by car. ________ ___________ Jack _________ to work? 2.She works on a farm. _________ __________ she ________ ? 3.She plays basketball on Sunday. _________ _________ she ________ basketball? 4.My sister is sleeping in her room. _________ is _________ sister ________ ? 5.The dining hall is at the back of the school. _______ ________ the dining hall ? 6.She is having an English class. _______ _______ she ________ ? 7.It is Friday today. ________ __________ is it today ? 8.They are having a P.E class. _________ are they having? 9.Peter does outdoor activities two or three a week. _______ ______does Peter do outdoor activities. 10.I have two interesting books. _______ _________ interesting books do you have?
特殊疑问词及其用法（对划线部分提问） 对划线部分提问时首先要辨别是对什么进行提问。 如划线部分指的是做事的方式或健康状况时就要用特殊疑问词how； 如是划线部分指的是人的职业或事物那么就要用特殊疑问词what； 如果划线部分指的是人那么特殊疑问词就要用who； 如果划线部分指的是地点或位置就要用特殊疑问词where； 如果划线部分指的时间，那么一般情况下要用when来提问； 如果强调具体某一范围内的物或人就要用which； 如果划线部分强调的是所属关系时就要用whose来提问； 如果划线部分指的是原因就要用特殊疑问词why。 特殊疑问句的一般构成如下： 特殊疑问词+be动词+其它部分或 特殊疑问词+助动词+其它部分或 特殊疑问词+名词+be动词+其它部分或 特殊疑问词+名词+助动词+其它部分 注：其它部分不作更改，按顺序照搬，并省掉划线部分，但是如果句中涉及第一人称时要改为第二人称，最后加上“？” 1.特殊疑问词how a．how是表示问健康状况或做事的方式的一个特殊疑问词，意思是“怎样”。如果划线部分指的健康状况或做事的方式时，那么特殊疑问词就应该用how。 句式结构：how +be动词+其他部分+？或how +助动词+其他部分+？ For exmaple: （1）划线部分指的是健康状况 I’m fine.(对划线部分提问)How are you？ My brother feels better now.(对划线部分提问)How does your brother feel now ？ （2）划线部分指的是做事的方式 I get to shool on a bike. How do you get to school ? He ofen makes meals according to some recipe. How does he make meals ? b. 由how组成的几个复合特殊疑问词。 （1）how old表示问年龄，意思是“几岁”。 For example， Her father is forty. How old is her father ? （how old+be动词+其他部分+？） （2）how many修饰可数名词，表示问事物的数量，意思是“多少”。For example， There are seven books. How many books are there ? （how many+名词+be动词+其他部分+？） （3）how much修饰不可数名词,表示问事物的数量或价钱，意思是“多少”。For exmaple， There is some milk in the bottle. How much milk is there in the bottle ?（how much+名词+be动词+其他部分+？） The pants are 20 yuan. How much are the pants ? （how much+be动词+其他部分+？） （4）how far表示问路程，意思是“多远”。 For example It's five kilometers away from here. How far is it from here ? （how far+be动词+其他部分+？） （5）how long表示问一段时间或问物体的长短，意思是“多久或多长”。 For exmaple， He will stay in Beijing for four days. How long will he stay in Beijing ?
一般疑问句，否定句 课题一：一般疑问句general question 重点：辨别一般疑问句，掌握一般疑问句语法结构和使用方法。 难点：1.一般疑问句的句子结构。 2.一般疑问句和陈述句之间的转化。动词时态的变化。 教具准备：教学讲义练习题。 教学过程： 1.复习：P17,P32 重新朗读课文。复习单词和语法。 2.提出课题： Does...like...(doing)? Yes,...does./No,...doesn’t. Is/Are...(doing)? Yes,...is/are./No,...isn’t/aren’t. 由以上例句总结一下一般疑问句的定义:一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是一般只用yes （是）或no（否）来回答的句子。朗读一般疑问句时用升调。 3.教学步骤： a.举出更多例句. Eg1. 问句：Is this your pen？ 肯答：Yes，it is. 否答：No，it isn`t. Eg2. 问句：Are these your books？ 肯答：Yes，they are. 否答：No，they aren’t. Eg3. 问句：Can you speak English? 肯答：Yes，I can. 否答：No，I can’t. Eg4. 问句：Do you likeapple？ 肯答：Yes，I do. 否答：No，I don’t. b.总结一下一般疑问的句子结构及回答。（句子结构的记忆方法：就是讲前面2个词调换位置了。） Is/Are+主语+其他部分? 。。。是。。。？ Eg1. Is this your pen？
当只有一支笔的时候就用Is, 回答：Yes,it is/No,it isn’t . 当有两只及以上用时用Are,而且要讲这个（this）/那个（that）变为这些（these)/那些（those).笔要加s变成复数。 如：Are these/those your pens? 回答：Yes,they are/No,they aren’t. ② Can/Will+主语+V-原型? (后面动词都用原型） Eg. You can open the door→Can you open the door? You will go to school next Monday →Will you go to school next Monday ? ③Do/Does+主语+V-原型？ Eg. Do you likeapple？ Does Mary like cat? 第一，二人称（I,You）用Do; 第三人称(Mary）用Does Parents等复数也用Do. 举例:我需要现在回家吗？Do i need to go home now?回答： 你父母喜欢英语吗？Do your parents like English? Alice喜欢花吗？Does Alice like flower？ C.辨别以下是否为一般疑问句。 Are you a student? Is it his pet? What is that over there? Can you swim? Do you have a storybook? This is a toy bear,I think.
（一）由be(am,is,are)引导的一般疑问句 1、Am I a student? 我是学生吗？ Yes,you are./ No,you aren’t. 2、Is this /that/it a chair?这/那/它/是一把椅子吗？ Yes,it is. /No,it isn’t. 3、Is she/Amy your sister?她/艾米是你的妹妹吗？Yes,she is ./ No,she isn’t. 4、Is he/Mike your brother?他/迈克是你的哥哥吗？Yes,he is./No,he isn’t. 5、Is your brother helpful at home? 你哥哥在家有用吗？Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t. 6、Is there a forest in the park? 在公园有一个森林吗？ Yes,there is./No,there isn’t. 是的，有。/不，没有。 7、Are there any panda s in the mountains?在山上有熊猫吗？ Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.是的，有。/不，没有。 8、Are they dusk s? 它们是鸭子吗？（问物） Yes, they are. /No,they aren’t.是的，它们是。/不，它们不是。 9、Are they famers? 他们是农民吗？（问人） Yes, they are. /No,they aren’t. 是的，他们是。/不，他们不是。 10、Are you a teacher?你是一个老师吗？(问you 用I回答) Yes, I am./No,I’m not.是的，我是。/不，我不是。 11、Are you teacher s?你们是老师吗？ Yes,we are./No,we aren’t.是的，我们是。/不，我们不是。 （二）、由do引导的一般疑问句
否定疑问句的构成和用法 反意疑问句是在陈述句后边加上一个简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的内容提出相反的疑问,这种句子就叫作反意疑问句。反意疑问句可以表示真实的疑问,也可以表示提问人的倾向、强调或反问。如果陈述句是肯定句时,后边的反意疑问句通常要用否定式;反之,如果陈述句是否定句时,后边的反意疑问句通常要用肯定式。陈述句和后边的反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要保持一致。例如: He speaks English, doesn't he? Mary won't do it, will she? Lies cannot cover up the facts, can they? 回答反意疑问句和回答一般疑问句一样,肯定回答用"Yes, +肯定结构";否定回答用"No, +否定结构"。这与汉语习惯有所不同。例如: -He's a doctor, isn't he?他是医生,对吧? -Yes, he is.对,他是医生。(No, he isn't.不,他不是医生。) -He isn't a doctor, is he?他不是医生,对吧? -Yes, he is.不,他是医生。(No, he isn't.对,他不是医生。) 在使用反意疑问句时,特别要注意以下几点: 1.当动词have作"有"讲时,可以有两种反意疑问句形式。例如: He hasn't any sisters, has he? He doesn't have any sisters, does he? 当have表示其它含义(如:经历、遭受、得到、吃……)讲时,只有一种反意疑问句形式: You all had a good time, didn't you? He often has colds, doesn't he? They had milk and bread for breakfast, didn't they? 2.如果陈述句的谓语动词含有have to, had to时,反意疑问句通常用其适当形式。例如: We have to get there at 8 a.m. tomorrow, don't we? They had to take the early train, didn't they? 3. need和dare既可以作情态动词,又可以作实义动词,注意有两种反意疑问句形式。例如: You needn't hand in your paper today, need you? You don't need to hand in your paper today, do you? He dare ask the teacher, daren't he? He doesn't dare to ask the teacher, does he? 4.如果陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时,也可以有两种反意疑问句形式。例如: He used to live in London, usedn't/ didn't he? 5.如果陈述句中出现never, seldom, hardly, scarely, rarely, few, little, nobody, no one, nothing等含有否定意义的词时,反意疑问句通常要用肯定式。例如: She seldom goes to the concert, does she? He has few good reasons for staying, has he? 6.如果陈述句中的主语是不定式短语、动名词短语、从句、everything或nothing时,反意疑问句通常要用it作主语。例如: To sell/ Selling newspaper was his job, wasn't it? What he said is true, isn't it? Everything is all right, isn't it? 7.如果陈述句中的主语是不定代词everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, each of等时,反意疑问句通常要用they或he作主语。例如: Somebody borrowed my bike, didn't they/ he? Each of them passed the exam, didn't they?
特殊疑问句用法及练习题（附答案）
对画线部分提问，除了要注意选择正确的疑问词外，还要注意语序的运用。 1.对句子的主语提问，其语序是：疑问词+谓语+其他？（整句是陈述句语序） She is their teacher. Who is their teacher? 主语谓语主语谓语 2、对句子主语的定语部分提问，其语序是： 疑问词+主语（即定语所修饰的名词）+谓语+其他？（整句是陈述句语序）My book is over there. Whose book is over there ? 主语的定语主语谓语疑问词主语谓语 以上两点方法都是： 用正确的疑问词代替画线部分，再把句号改为问号，其余部分一般不做改变 3．对表语或宾语的定语部分提问，其语序是： 疑问词+表语或宾语+一般疑问句 I'm looking for my watch.. Whose watch are you looking for ? 宾语的定语宾语疑问词宾语一般疑问句(省略掉my watch) 4、对表语、宾语或状语提问，其语序是：疑问词+一般疑问句？ He lives in Beijing . Where does he live ? 状语疑问词一般疑问句（省略掉画线部分in Beijing ）5、对谓语和宾语提问，其语序是： 疑问词(What)+ 一般疑问句（其中谓语动词要用do 的相对应形式代替, 省略掉宾语) He watches TV in the evening What does he do in the evening? He watched TV yesterday evening. What did he do in the evening? He is watching TV now. What is he doing now? He was watching TV at that time?. What was he doing at that time? He is going to watch TV this evening. What is he going to do? He has seen the film.What has he done ?
特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。 它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no来回答。 1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what ①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （划线提问） ______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in ②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （划线提问） _______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______ 2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。 I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（划线提问） ______ _____ are you going to take 3)对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。 Ping,they,his father 4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。
eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat my fa ther→Whose father 5)对具体时间提出疑问，如in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time。 6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。 The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问） _____ _____ the pupils having a picnic 7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。 Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问） _______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us 8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。 eg. go by bike like very much 9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。 eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep 10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。
。 他们 等 这辆蓝 这 这 s station? HOW 引导的特殊疑问句 how 是英语中的常用词，它的基本涵义是“怎样” 现将其用法归纳 如下: 1.用来询问方式或手段。 How are they going to Poland? 怎样去波兰？ 2.用来询问程度。 How is your weekend?周末过得怎样？ 3.用来打招呼、问候或询问身体情况。 How are you? 你好。 4. how about 用于提出建议或征求对方的意见，与 what about 一致， 肯定回答可用 OK/All right/Good idea ，否定回答可用 Sorry 并陈述 理由。 How about this blue bike? It is cheaper.色的自行车怎么样？它 便宜些。 5. how long 询问物品的长度，译为“多长”，也可询问动作持续的时 间，译为“多久”。 How long is the river?条河有多长? How long does it last?要持续多久? 6. how far 用于询问两地的距离，译为“多远”。如: = What’ the distance? -How far is it from here to the 从这里到车站有多远?
你 树上有 她 a 久去一 你多 可依 ” 这 你 7. how old 询问年龄，译为“多大”。如: -How old are you?你多大了? 8. how much 询问询问物品价格或不可数名词的数量 How much milk do you want?你要多少牛奶 How much is your shirt?的衬衫多少钱？ 9. how many 提问可数名词的数量，后接可数名词的复数。 How many birds are there in the tree?几只鸟？ 10.how often 提问事情发生的频率，即询问动作多久做一次 --How often does she go to the English club? --Once 多 week. 次英语俱乐部？每周一次。 11. How soon 询问动作将在多久以后发生，用于将来时。 --How soon will you be back? --In two weeks.久以后能回来？两 个月后。 12.how heavy, how big, how tall, how high, how 等large 据形容词 的意思译为“多...?。 How heavy is the big box?个大箱子多重？ How large is your new house?的新房子多大？ 划线部分提问 1. This book cost me 5 yuan. 2. There is only 1 student in the classroom. 3. It is 2100 kilometres from shanghai to Tokyo.