2013高考英语二轮考点复习讲义：阅读理解- 购物、饮食与健康
大特点。
2. 购物与环保问题的结合。
3. 指导如何很好的购物，提供使用建议。
4. 假日旅游等的购物和饮食问题。
5. 饮食安全问题的曝光以及人们如何注意饮食安全问题。
5．如何保持健康的身体，快乐的心情，构建心理健康。
6．饮食与健康的关系。
7. 肥胖，睡眠，早餐等与饮食和健康有关的话题。
·链接高考
链接1 .（2012广东卷）
Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.
An attraction of sport programs for the major U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoons – the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week. This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.
Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports. The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.
Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. These sports attract few viewers, and the ratings (收视率) are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers, This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high-priced cars, business and personal computers, and holiday trips. This is also why the networks continue to carry there programs regardless of low ratings. Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high-income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars”and computers. With such viewers, these programs don’t need high ratings to stay on the air.
41. Television sport programs on weekend afternoons ________.
A. result in more sport events
B. get more viewers to play sports
C. make more people interested in television
D. bring more money to the television networks
42. Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?
A. Because there would be few viewers.
B. Because the advertisers would be off work.
C. Because television programs would go slowly.
D. Because viewers would pay less for watching television.
43. In many families, men make decisions on ________.
A. holiday trips
B. sports viewing
C. televisions shopping
D. expensive purchases
44. The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because ________.
A. their advertisers are carmakers
B. their viewers are attracted by sports
C. their advertisers target at rich people
D. their viewers can afford expensive cars
45. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Television ratings are determined by male viewers.
B. Rich viewers contribute most to television companies.
C. Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.
D. Commercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport events.
【难度】一般
链接2 .（2012江苏卷）
Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining
near-infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.
The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn't new. Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, where the light can reach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as a trigger. But few compounds(化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.
That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, San Diego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs NIR light. Their polymer used a commercially available NIR-absorbing group called o-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.
So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. After polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.
63. According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?
A. Temperature change.
B. NIR light.
C. Acidity change.
D. UV light.
64. Why in ONB unsatisfactory?
A. It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.
B. It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.
C. It has not come onto the market up till now.
D. It is not effective enough and could be poisonous.
65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?
A. Protected
B. formed
C. exposed
D. combined
【考点】科技问—说明文
【文章大意】。本文是一篇科技文，围绕“怎样使用胶囊，让吃药更加安全、疗效好”这个主题展开研究。
63.【答案】B
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light on
the drug in the capsule.”可知，应选B项。
【难度】一般
64.【答案】D
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句中“…ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown”和“…and it could be poisonous to cells…”可知，应选D 项。
【难度】较难
65.【答案】C
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第五句中“When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed…”可知此处用exposed，即C项正确。
【难度】一般
【长难句解析】
1.Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials
that begin to break down when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light.
本句是polymers (聚合物) and other materials的定语从句， when 引导的时间状语从句。
2.This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a
polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature
本句是called动词过去分词做后置定语，修饰 a long chain of compounds. 后面是reactive(易反应的) components的定语从句
链接2 .（2012陕西卷）
Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.
Previous studies have linked high exposure(暴露) to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风) within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染)were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of "moderate" (良好) quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.
The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone
is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.
53. The text mainly discusses the relationship between
A. heart problems and air quality
B. heart problems and exercising
C heart problems and smoking D. heart problems and fatty food
54. T he underlined word "modest" in Paragraph 3 most probably means
A. relatively high
B. extremely low
C relatively low D. extremely high
55. What can we learn from the text?
A. Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.
B. The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.
C. Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking.
D. Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.
56. T he author's purpose of writing the text is most likely to .
A. inform
B. persuade C describe . D. entertain
【考点】说明文
【文章大意】吃太多高脂肪的食物，运动太少，吸烟可引发心脏疾病。但还有另一个因素
improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.”。由此可推测，D选项内容符合题意。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【难度】一般
56.【答案】A
【试题解析】浏览全文，作者写这篇文章的目的实际上就是为了告之人们心脏病与空气质量
之间的关系，A选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为A选项。
【难度】一般
·专项训练
A
About The New Yorker:
The New Yorker is the eclectic magazine for readers interested in the arts, current events, and culture. The New Yorker includes articles on domestic and international news, exploring current ideas and trends, plus sports, fashion, and entertainment events. In addition, The New Yorker is well known for publishing outstanding short fiction and cartoons with an ironic（讽刺的） twist.
About Playboy:
Playboy is a magazine of literature, political thought, sports, commentary and humor. Although Playboy is most well known for its pictorials of beautiful women, it is also highly regarded for its interviews and fiction writing. Playboy includes regular feature articles on finance, sports, entertainment, self-improvement, technology, and psychology. You must be 18 or older to order Playboy.
About Nickelodeon:
Nickelodeon is filled with wonderful entertainment for children. It is wholesome, imaginative, and truly from a child’s point of view. Nickelodeon sees the wor ld from your child’s perspective, where it’s fun to laugh－to think－to do－to learn. Share the award-winning entertainment and humor magazine from Nickelodeon with your kids.
About Lucky:
Lucky is the ultimate shopping magazine with the best looks, the best buys, and the
best trends before they hit the stores. ④But what makes it really unique is all the detailed information you’ll get on how to purchase the merchandise you’ll fin d. Lucky provides you with 800 numbers, web site addresses, and more to make your shopping experience easy and convenient! Lucky is your one-stop shopping guide to all the greatest new products on the market. What’s more, it provides wonderful entertainmen t for women.
1. Which magazine gives buyers the largest price advantage in percentage?
A. The New Yorker
B. Playboy
C. Nickelodeon
D. Lucky
2. If you are a housewife, which magazine will you probably buy?
A. The New Yorker
B. Playboy
C. Nickelodeon
D. Lucky
3. If you are asked to choose a magazine for a little boy, which one do you think is suitable?
A. The New Yorker
B. Playboy
C. Nickelodeon
D. Lucky
4. What information is contained in all the four magazines?
A. Sports
B. News
C. Entertainment
D. Trends
5. For each issue, which magazine is the cheapest according to the advertisement?
A. The New Yorker
B. Playboy
C. Nickelodeon
D. Lucky
B
Americans have developed an olive oil habit. Out to dinner recently, I saw a man dipping his white bread in olive oil and then pouring it all over his salad, saying, "Wow, this is so good for me!"
But is olive oil the healthiest fat? No, it's not. You might ask, doesn't it lower cholesterol(胆固醇)? Well, only when you substitute olive oil in equivalent amounts for butter or oils that are higher in saturated（饱和的） fat. Olive oil doesn't lower cholesterol; it just doesn't raise it as much.
You may be better off with canola（菜籽油） oil. The 1999 Lyon Diet Heart Study found that a Mediterranean diet significantly reduced heart attacks and premature deaths. Many people attributed this to eating a lot of olive oil. But it was increased consumption of canola oil that accounted for these improvements.
Also, study participants ate more whole-grain bread, vegetables, fish and fruit, and less meat. Butter and cream were replaced with man-made butter made from canola oil, which has more healthy omega-3 fatty acids than olive oil does.
Another study found that olive oil reduced blood flow by 31%. Canola oil and fish oil don't. (You want to increase blood flow to all body parts.)
I like the taste of olive oil, and I use it sometimes. ⑤It's a healthier fat than many others, but it's not nearly as healthy as canola oil -- or fish oil and flaxseed oil, for that matter, which also have lots of omega-3s. And a tablespoon of any oil has 126 calories. Think about that before you pour it on.
1. It can be inferred that in America ________.
A. most people prefer canola oil than olive oil
B. most people think olive oil is healthier than others
C. people use olive oil to help them lose weight
D. most people choose olive oil for its better taste
2. The author may advise people _______.
A. to choose canola oil instead of olive oil
B. to think over before choosing new products
C. to keep on eating olive oil to keep healthy
D. to consult the researchers before accepting a trend
3. According to the author, olive oil ________.
A. isn’t as health as most people think
B. can be used as a substitute for meat
C. can help increase the blood flow
D. contain less calories than other oils
4. A Mediterranean diet reduced heart attacks and premature deaths thanks to _______.
A. olive oil
B. butter
C. canola oil
D. bread
5. Which of the following elements of olive oil is good for one’s health?
A. cholesterol
B. saturated fat
C. calories
D. omega-3 fatty acids
C
This is not a diet. It’s a simple way to lose weight. And you don’t even have to give up the food you love or join a gym. It’s about balancing calories in tiny ways that add up to big benefits. You just form some habits that lean people have. Stick with them, and you’ll become thin.
1. Wake-up
When your eyes open, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, bend forward until you feel a stretch in your back. Hold and then use your abs (腹部肌肉) to lower yourself flat. Rest and repeat two more times. It will burn about 10 calories.
2. Start with soup
⑥When you have meal, order a clear soup, and have it before having the main food. It can save twice the calories. Besides, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
3. An apple (or more) a day
Apples are packed with fiber（光纤） and water, so your stomach will want less. The study shows that people who eat at least three apples a day lose weight.
4. Stand up and walk around
Every time you take the phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more per day than thin people. This trick is very important as standing up and walking around will burn 50 or more calories.
Use these tricks. With these small changes, you will have a big weight loss.
1. What’s the purpose of this passage?
A. To tell people how to enjoy a better life.
B. To advise people to eat apples every day.
C. To give some tips on how to lose weight.
D. To advise people to get rid of bad habits.
2. What does the underlined word “lean” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Light.
B. Pretty.
C. Thin.
D. Healthy.
3. The author may disagree that ____.
A. getting up without using your hands helps burn calories
B. eating apples every day is good for people’s health
C. it’s good to walk around while talking on the phone
D. you have to join a gym if you want to lose weight
4. After reading the passage, we learn that ____.
A. people can lose weight through everyday activities
B. the more soup you have, the better it is
C. people have to give up the food they like to lose weight
D. the writer used to be very fat
5. In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?
A. Medicine.
B. Health.
C. Family.
D. Teaching.
·答案速递
C篇：
1. C。作者意图题。通读全文，可知作者主要给我们讲了一些怎样在日常生活中减肥的小窍门。
是我上网找到好的网站，花了15分钟阅读了产品评论，写下了3款最好的建议产品，来到了
离我家最近的很大的友好的相机商店。
②If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied. 如果人们吃了天然的有毒食物，他们必须立刻到医院把他们的胃洗干净。
③Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time .有一些和目前的医学饮食很符合，但是其余的没有经得起时间的考验。
④But what makes it really unique is all the detailed information you’ll get on how to purchase the merchandise you’ll find.但是使它成为独一无二是你会发现你将会得到所有的购买物品的详细信息。
⑤It's a healthier fat than many others, but it's not nearly as healthy as canola oil -- or fish oil and flaxseed oil, for that matter, which also have lots of omega-3s. 它是一种健康的丰满，但是还是明显不如菜籽油－鱼油和也含有很多omega-3 fatty acids 这种健康物质。
⑥When you have meal, order a clear soup, and have it before having the main food.
当你吃饭的时候，点上一碗清汤，并且在吃主食之前喝掉它。
·单词百宝箱
insult vt. 侮辱,辱骂
I felt most insulted when they made me sit at a little table at the back.他们让我坐到后头的一张小桌子旁,我觉得受到极大侮辱。
options n. 选择
The government has two options; to reduce spending or to increase taxes.政府有两种选择的办法:或是减少开支,或是增加税收。
bacteria n.细菌
Many bacteria cause diseases.许多细菌能产生疾病。
release vt. 释放; 放开
Release the dog. He has been chained up for hours.把狗放开,它已被拴了好几个钟头了。accumulate v. 积累，累计
By buying ten books every month, he soon accumulated a good library.他每月买十本书, 不久便集成一个丰富的藏书库。
domestic adj.国内的
We’ll discuss about domestic issues such as tax rates and highway construction.我们将要讨论税率和公路建设等国内问题。
commentary n.评论; 评注
We are reading the commentary on the event.我们正在阅读有关这一事件的报道。equivalent adj. 相同的,等值的
I changed my dollars for the equivalent amount in pounds.我把美元兑换成等值的英镑。
premature adj. 过早的,提前的,未到期的
The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions of visitors each year. The park is a major destination for all members of the family. By driving the grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest at one of the many roadside picnic areas. How much is the entrance fee? $25 - Private, noncommercial vehicle; $20 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter); $12 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc. This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. A $50 park annual pass provides entrance for a single private non-commercial vehicle at Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The $10 Interagency Senior Pass (62 and older) is a lifetime pass available to U.S. citizens or permanent residents. Where can you stay? Inside Yellowstone, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the world's largest log structure. For those who want to be a little closer to nature, there are 12 campgrounds with a range of services from primitive pit toilets to shower and laundry facilities. There's also RV camping with and without dumping stations. Staying outside the park gives you unique Old West experiences but still keeps you close to park attractions. If you're taking a road trip to Yellowstone, you'll want to check out our Hotels and Cabins On The Road section. （1）The entrance fees listed on the web page don't apply to _______. A. temporary residents in the USA B. vehicles involving business activities C. visitors out of a certain age range D. private motorcycles and snowmobiles （2）What are you likely to acquire in the Old Faithful Inn? A. Unique old west experiences. B. Primitive pit toilets and shower. C. Knowledge of origin of the park. D. RV camping with dumping sites. （3）Where does the passage probably come from? A. A magazine. B. A textbook. C. A notice. D. A travel guide. 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了黄石公园的门票以及可以选择的住宿及游玩的地方。 （1）考查细节理解。根据小标题“How much is the entrance fee?”下分别列出了私家非商务车入园的价格，摩托车或雪地车（冬季）入园的价格以及16岁以上的人步行、骑自行车或
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A 1. The word “homework” in the first paragraph refers to ______. A. work that is given by teachers for students to do at home B. Websites such as https://www.doczj.com/doc/4d3718359.html, and https://www.doczj.com/doc/4d3718359.html, C. tools and suggestions offered by websites D. market research and informal research
2. The underlined sentence in the passage means that you’d better ask for a raise ______. A. when the employer has a normal pulse rate B. when the employer is in a good mood C. when the company has a good financial situation D. when the company’s practices are more flexible 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The employer will give you a raise because of your personal reasons. B. You should show them that you’re worthy of a salary increase. C. You can tell your boss the exact number of salary increase you want D. Schedule a meeting with your boss but don’t push too hard. 4. It can be inferred in the last paragraph that ______. A. If your boss won’t give you a raise, you’d better take fewer responsibilities. B. It is a wise way to get a raise by letting your boss know you are doing more. C. Only if you find a proper time to talk with your boss will you get a raise. D. You should schedule a meeting within a few months to discuss the matter again. B Here’s one number to keep in mind during your next cell phone conversation: 50. A new experiment shows that spending 50 minutes with an active phone pressed up to the ear increases activity in the brain. This brain activity probably doesn't make you smarter. When cell phones are on, they emit (发出) energy in the form of radiation that could be harmful, especially after years of cell phone usage. Scientists don't know yet whether cell phones are bad for the brain. Studies like this one are attempting to find it out. The 47 participants in the experiment may have looked a little strange. Each one had two Samsung cell phones attached to his or her head — one on each ear. The phone on the left ear was off. The phone on the right ear played a message for 50 minutes, but the participants couldn't hear it because the sound was off. With this set-up, the scientists could be sure they were studying brain activity from the phone itself, and not brain activity due to listening and talking during a conversation. After 50 minutes with two phones strapped to their heads, the participants were given PET scans. The PET scan showed that the left side (the side with the phone turned off) of each participant's brain hadn't changed during the experiment. The right side of the brain, however, had used more glucose, which is a type of sugar that provides fuel to brain cells. These right-side brain cells were using almost as much glucose as the brain uses when a person is talking. This suggests th at the brain cells there were active ― even without the person hearing anything. That activity, the scientists say, was probably caused by radiation from the phone. Henry Lai, who works at the University of Washington in Seattle, is uncomfortable with the data related to cell phones. Holding a cell phone to your ear during a conversation is “not really safe,” Lai told Science News. Lai is a bioengineer at the University of Washington in Seattle. He wrote an article about the new study for a journal, but he did not work on the study. Bioengineers bring together ideas from engineering and biology. For those who don't want to wait to find out for sure whether cell phones are bad for the brain, there are ways to talk more safely. You can have short and sweet conversations, use a
高考英语总复习-首字母填空攻略 首字母填空，学名“ 限制性完形填空” ，艺名“ 高分拦路虎” ，是比我们传统的选择性完形填空更加高大上的存在，也是历来考试的失分点，可谓是引无数小英雄竞折腰。该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括对词汇和语法的掌握，还考查我们的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情景语感，可谓是即锻炼智商又锻炼情商的好题型啊…… 作为在江湖中威名远播的BOSS 级题型，想要从这一题里拿到高分并不是太容易，相反失分率倒是挺高。据多方消息来报，首填已成为学生们共同的敌人。兵法有云知己知彼，要想拿下这个敌人，我们就先要对它有足够的了解。 那么就从大家最关心的方面为什么会失分作为导引，来一探首填题型的全貌吧！ 首字母填空题失分的主要原因： 一. 词汇量出了问题 二. 词义理解出了问题 三. 词性判断出了问题 四. 词形变化出了问题 五. 没有仔细检查 下面我们就结合中考英语真题来逐一分析上述问题： 一. 词汇量 词汇功在平时，它所依靠的不是突击，而是日常的持续积累。词汇量是内功，非一朝一夕可成，但朝朝夕夕必成。 二. 词义理解 词义判断是要建立在对文章意思的理解基础之上，在语境之下做出正确的判断。应对的方法是：文章通读，首句细读，生词暂不纠结，把握文章大意。它的关键在于五字真言“ 上下文照应”。 词义判断的类型有： ①语言知识型：考查结合语境，单词的基本用法、习惯用法、常用搭配、特定 意义，句型、句式等。 例：2009中考 The touchstone was a small pebble(卵石) that could t__74__ any common metal into pure gold. 2011年中考 Art museum exhibits, on the other hand, would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something b__77__their understanding.
1 abandon v.21 n.能力；才能 2 abnormal a.22 a.缺席，不在 3 aboard prep. & ad.23 V.吸收，消减;获得,学会；用完，耗尽 4 abroad ad.24 n.&v.账；算账;利润; 描述 5 absolute a.25 n.地址、n&v演讲 6 abstract a.& n26 n.准入，接纳 7 access n.27 n.优点；好处 8 accomplish v. 28 vt.负担得起；抽得出（时间）；提供 9 acknowledge v. 29 prep.对着，反对，映衬 10 addition n.30 n.经销处，代理行；部，处;服务机构 11 administration n.31 n.相册，影集，集物簿册 12 advocate v. 32 n.酒，含酒精的饮料；酒精,乙醇 13 aggressive a.33 n.抱负，雄心，野心;渴望得到的东西； 14 agricultural a.34 n.分析;分析报告；（对事物的）分析结果 15 amuse v. 35 a.古代的，古老的 16 anniversary n36 a.忧虑的，焦急的 17 accurate d?37 vi.道歉，谢罪 18 admirable a.38 Vt.宣布，宣告 19 acquire v. 39 n.角，角度;观点;角度，方 而；观点，立场； 20 aircraft n..40 ad.& prep.靠若边，沿着边;与…放在一起比较 1 appetite n. 21 v.&n.呼吁,恳求；感染力, 吸 引力;上诉；巾诉;启发；打动 2 appointment n. 22 V.申请 3 appropriate a. 23 V.欣赏；感激
2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习讲义必备句型全归纳 1.as soon as…一…就…= directly / immediately / instantly… = the second / the minute / the moment / the instant… Eg. He came around to see me as soon as / the moment/ immediately he checked in the hotel. 他刚一入住宾馆就来看我. They informed us the news immediately / directly they got it. 他们一得到消息就通知了我们. The policeman came to the spot the moment / the instant / the minute she heard of the accident.一听说事故,这位警察就到了现场. 2.….before…. (1). 没来得及…就… The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子就出来,房顶就塌了. He ran off before I could stop him. To my great disappointment , my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with him. (2).过了多久才怎么样,动作进行到什么程度才怎样 They walked about thirty miles to the west before they saw a village. They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. Three years passed before I knew it. 3.It was + 时间段+ before….过了多久才…. ; It was not long before…不久就… It will ( not ) be + 时间段+ before …要过多久( 不久)…..才….. Eg. It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position. It was three years before he came back. It will be half a year before you graduate from this school. 4. no sooner …than…= hardly…when…一…就…., 刚刚…就… No sooner / hardly + 过去完成时,than / when + 一般过去时 如果no sooner, hardly 位于句首, 主句要倒装. He had hardly sat down to have a rest when the door bell rang and in came Allan. No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him. Hardly had we arrived when she started crying to go home. 5. once 一旦…., 表示时间和条件 Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty. Once you have decided to do something, you should do it well. Once you enter the chemistry lab, you should follow the teacher’s instructions. 6. since …自从….以来 Since 引导的从句不论是延续性或非延续性动词, 都表示的是动作或状态的完成或结束. 注意一下句子翻译: Since he lived in Nanjing, I have not heard from him. (= since he left Nanjing…)
高考英语第二轮复习计划 高考英语第二轮复习计划 进入高三快一个学期了，同学们开始进入到第二轮复习，对于高三同学来说，即将到来的英语期末考试是一次非常重要的练兵机会，不仅可以检验半个学期来基本知识和技能的掌握，还有助于审视自 己的学习方法，进一步发掘需要提高和改进之处。 一、把握总体策略 期末考试是综合性考试，题型大体接近高考。因此，备考过程中要充分了解自己，哪些题型是自己的弱项，从而及时进行补缺。就 题型而言，听力会占整张考卷的五分之一，完型填空、阅读理解约 占三分之一，6句中译英几乎必不可少。此外，写作可能也要考察。可以看出，听力、阅读和写作占据了整张试卷的大半。 因此，如果把大量时间投入到语法训练中，备考则会偏离轨道。相反，必要的听力训练、大量的阅读训练和适量的写作训练才是备 考的重点。 二、重点加强听读 就听力而言，最好找一些难度略低于高考的练习进行针对的训练，如能坚持每两天听一套则更佳。阅读训练中要注意阅读的速度和效率，要为自己规定好时间。阅读时要有“痕迹”，即随手圈划出重 点词汇和句子，以及题目的答案所在。阅读中要逼迫自己去猜测词义，去理解长句，去把握通篇文章的意思，去了解作者的写作意图 和所持观点。 总之，在阅读训练中，对自己要求要高，不能拘泥于只做选择题。 三、温故知新 对新授课文的复习要把握重点词汇和结构，这可能对中译英有帮助。另外，尽量把高二以来(包括高二)所有中译英进行温习，一方
面对旧知识进行了复习，另一方面有助于了解自己写句时最容易犯 的错误，如主谓一致、漏译、标点遗漏、单词拼写等，以提醒自己 在期末考试中注意回避。 四、写作训练 对于写作，建议同学们多读些范文，了解高考作文的基本框架和要求。写作的功夫在平常，不能一蹴而就。但由于考试时没有条件 打草稿，考前有必要进行一些思维训练。要有目的地积累一些词组、句型，以便在写作中加以运用。 当然，必要的语法复习也是不容忽视的。语法复习要注重语法的基本概念和基本范畴，要注意自己平时易错的语法点，也要进行必 要的练习。 有同学会说了，现在距离期末考试已经很近了，鉴于当前复习时间这么短，我们应该怎样充分利用时间，高效地完成复习任务呢?关 于这个问题，我觉得大家试试以下方法： 1、多听老师的，少自作主张 虽然同学们之前经历过很多考试，但高考对于我们来讲还是有些陌生。有些学生对于自己的知识缺陷到底有哪些，高考的重点是什 么也不一定有非常清晰的了解。而高三的英语第一轮复习主要就是 从语法和词法两个方面帮助大家梳理知识，并对应试策略加以指导。 因此我们在安排自己的复习内容时要尽量和老师同步，把当天复习的内容彻底搞清楚，并辅以相应的练习加以巩固。遇到不会的， 应该第一时间请教老师，千万不要留到最后甚至弃置不管。 2、多用碎时间，少搞大突击 英语学科是非常适合利用零碎时间来学习的。五分钟的时间能干什么?也许别的学科可以安排的复习活动并不多，但是英语却有很多。比如我们可以背单词，可以做一篇速读，可以朗读一篇文章，可以 做若干个单项选择，可以听听力，可以翻看任何英语的杂志、报刊 甚至小说等。总而言之，时间是海绵里的水，挤挤总是有的。当然，如果我们要复习一个比较重要的语法项目，或者做一套英语试题的
高考英语总复习第11讲 第一部分词汇精讲 重点词汇 1. abuse [??bju:s] v.滥用；虐待 2. violate[?va??le?t] vt.违反；违背；侵犯；践踏 3. extend [?k?stend] vt.延长vi.延伸；绵延 4. rob [r?b] vt.& vi. 抢劫；抢夺；掠夺 5. foresee [f?:?si:] vt.预见 6. wipe [wa?p] v.擦；擦去；消除 7. invest [?n?vest] vt.投资 8. spill [sp?l] v. 溢出 9. fold [f??ld] vi.&vt. 折叠 10. controversial [?k?ntr??v?:?l] adj.有争议的 11. content ['k?ntent] n.内容；目录；满足；容量 12. slide [sla?d] vi.滑落；打滑 13. defend [d??fend] vt.&vi.辩护；防守；保卫 14. In general adv.通常；一般而言 15. wonder[?w?nd?(r)] vt.想知道vi.吃惊n.奇迹 16. contribute[k?n?tr?bju:t] vt.&vi 贡献；捐赠 17. sense [sens] vt.感觉；理会；n.感觉；意识；观念 18. approve [??pru:v] vt.&vi.赞成；同意 19. considerate[k?n?s?d?r?t] adj. 体贴的，体谅的; 深思熟虑; 20. strict[str?kt] adj.精确的; 绝对的; 严格的，严谨的;
专题阅读理解推理判断 一、推测寓意题 此类题目要求考生在把握故事大意的基础上提炼故事的寓意。充分理解故事内容挖掘作 者写作的深层含义是解决这类题的关键。 W : There were smiling children all the way. Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved. I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics. It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately I came alive, I decided to wave back. From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. 1 stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time. The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3 : 00 pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug. I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car I looked forward to the return journey. 75 ? What can we learn from the story? A. Comfort in traveling by train. B ? Pleasure of living in the country. C.Reading gives people delight. D.Smiles brighten people up. 二、推测隐含意义题 要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有 提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作 者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。 这类试题的题干屮常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示）,imply（暗示）,indicate（暗 示），conclude（得出结论），be likely to...等词语。 解答这类试题时，首先通过阅读找到相关信息点；然后研读，理解相关信息点的字面意 义；结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。 选择答案吋，注意排除以下干扰项，以便缩小选择范围： 1.原文信息的简单重复，而非推断出來的结论。（考生易误选） 2.推理过度的片面结论。 3.与文中内容不符或完全相反的结论等。 4.符合考生已有常识，但文章中没有信息支持。（考生易误选）例: Great writers are
高考英语总复习 第四讲 第一部分 词汇精讲 重点动词： 1. adapt [?'d?pt] vt.改编；使适应 vi.适应；适合 2. urge [?d ?] vt. 力劝，催促；驱策，推进n. 强烈的欲望，迫切要求；推动力vi. 强烈要求 3. purchase ['p ?t ??s] vt.购买 4. mistake [m ?'stek] v.误解；弄错n.错误；误会；过失 5. submit. 使服从；主张；呈递vi. 提交；服从 6.aim [e ?m] vt.瞄准；针对 vi.瞄准；旨在；致力n.目标;对准；枪法 7.expand [?k'sp?nd] v.使…膨胀 8. express [?k'spr ?s] vt. 表达,表情 n. 快车，特快专递 9. forbid [f ?'b ?d] (forbade, forbidden) vt. 禁止，不许 10. identify [a ?'d ?nt ?fa ?] v.认出，证明 11. judge [d ??d ?] vt. 判断，断定n. 裁判；法官 12. obtain [?b'te ?n] vt. 获得；得到 重点名词与形容词 ： 1.sympathy ['s ?mp ?θi]同情心 2. harmony ['h ɑrm ?ni] (n)和谐，协调 3. panic(n) ['p?n ?k] 恐慌; 惊惶 4. patience ['pe ?ns] n. 容忍； 耐心； 1. adapt [?'d?pt] vt.改编；使适应 vi.适应；适合 1）adapt sth for sb/sth 改编; 改作 He is going to adapt his play for television.他计划把自己的剧本改编成电视剧。 2）adapt sth from sth 根据…改写或改编 This play is adapted from a novel written by Dack.这个剧本是根据达克写的一部小说改编的。 3）adapt oneself/sth to sb/sth 使适应（= make suitable for ） The professor adapted his lecture to his audience.教授使他讲的课适合于听众。 Can he adapt himself to the job?他能适应这工作吗? 2. urge [?d ?] vt. 力劝，催促；驱策，推进n. 强烈的欲望，迫切要求；推动力vi. 强烈要求 1）urge against sth 反对 （=oppose ） 重点词汇 词汇精讲
高考英语二轮复习策略 高三英语复习在如火如荼的进行着，同学们的复习效果可谓是冰火两重天，有的同学掌握了英语的学习规律，复习的十分轻松，有的同学因为不得法，整天向我抱怨英语难学，有的甚至因为英语的瘸腿而与名牌大学失之交臂，许多家长也对孩子的英语是忧心忡忡。小编的八个必方法供同学们参考。 一、多听老师的，少自作主张 虽然同学们之前经历过很多考试，但高考对于我们来讲还是有些陌生。就算有些学生在高一、高二已经做过高考题，对于自己的知识缺陷到底有哪些，高考的重点是什么也不一定有非常清晰的了解。而高三的英语第一轮复习主要就是从语法和词法两个方面帮助大家梳理知识，并对应试策略加以指导。教高三的教师大都有着非常丰富的高考经验，也都会制定详细的教学计划，因此我们在安排自己的复习内容时要尽量和老师同步，把当天复习的内容彻底搞清楚，并辅以相应的练习加以巩固。遇到不会的，应该第一时间请教老师，千万不要留到最后甚至弃置不管。 二、多用碎时间，少搞大突击 英语学科是非常适合利用零碎时间来学习的。五分钟的时间能干什么?也许别的学科可以安排的复习活动并不多，但是英语却有很多。比如我们可以背单词，可以做一篇速读，
可以朗读一篇文章，可以做若干个单项选择，可以听听力，可以翻看任何英语的杂志、报刊甚至小说等。总而言之，时间是海绵里的水，挤挤总是有的。当然，如果我们要复习一个比较重要的语法项目，或者做一套英语试题的时候，我们也需要相对完整的时间，但基于语言学习的灵活性，同学们要培养语言学习的意识。Learning is anytime, anywhere with anyone。(学习无处不在)有些学生在制定自己的复习计划时，把一个星期中的七天分别给了不同的科目，这样做是不太科学的。正确的做法是每天复习两至三科为宜，而英语虽然持续时间不需要很长，但每天都接触确实十分必要的。A little bit every day makes perfect(点滴铸就完美)。 三、多接触英语，少钻研语法 近几年的高考越来越重视同学们运用英语的能力，逐渐削弱了对于语法的考察。纵观一份高考英语试卷，单纯考察语法的题目几乎没有。善于观察的学生更会发现，即使是在语法聚集的单项选择题中，也是强调语境的理解。此外，还逐渐加大了词义、词语辨析的考察。完形填空的四个选项是没有语法的错误的，考察大家是否能够根据文章的意思，选择用法上最恰当的词。阅读理解更是考察大家对于篇章的理解。当然，语法并不是不重要，有很多重点的项目是需要同学们掌握的。只是提醒大家在复习的时候，要做到从语言的
新课标高考英语复习：阅读理解试题 【专题考案】 (一) The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games are drawing near. Are you eager to enjoy watching the matches or start serving as a volunteer? First, you need to know about audience manners. The behavior of courtside audiences is considered to be an important part of sporting culture. In 2004, after world champion Stephen Hendry lost to Ding Junhui in the China Open Snooker Championships, he complained of the noise from Chinese spectators. Perhaps you and your classmates could be written on the back of the tickets. Read your ticket carefully before you leave, remember to take away your soft drink bottles and other trash (垃圾). During exciting games, try to control yourself. Don’t criticize the performance of players and coaches. Be careful with your words, since some may cause anger among other people in the audience. Applause is a special form of body language you can use to communicate with players. But you should do it properly. When players first appear, clap your hands together to welcome them, but don’t go on for too long. After an excellent performance, applaud warmly. If someone fails, your applause will help encourage them. Applause is not welcome, however, while a game is in progress and players need to keep their concentration. Various sports have various rules for the audience. Enjoying artistic gymnastics requires silence. But lots of cheering can really help basketball and football players. Snooker and table tennis courtside behavior includes a ban on flash photography. Mobile phones are not allowed in shooting centers. To be a good spectator, you should take time to learn the game-specific rules and related culture of each event. 1．What does the underlined work “spectators” m ean in the second paragraph? A．Players B．Audiences C．Coaches D．Organizers 2．When can’t you leave the spot of a game? A．When the game is going on B．When the game is just over