外研版八年级英语下册短语知识点集
MODULE1
五种简单句歌决
英语简单句，五种结构型，缩简句子后，结构自分明，表主语状态，即为主系表，主谓关与主谓宾，二者需分清，动作对象人和物，则是间宾加直宾，二宾位置可互换，介词to，for记心间，句子已有主谓宾，宾语再补方完整，宾语加上补足语，二者构成复合宾。
1、主语+不及物动词（SV）
不及物动词，不能带宾语，但有些要接状语意义才完整。
2、主语+系动词+表语（SVP）
系动词：be ,look,seem ,become,feel ,get ,turn ,grow,smell,taste ,keep, sound
3、主语＋及物动词＋宾语（SVO）
4、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（SVOO）
直接宾语在前，加for或to连接间接宾语。Give,show ,send,bring ,pass, lend ,leave ,hand ,teel ,return, promise ,refuse,throw 用
to ,make ,buy ,do ,get ,play ,order, sing,pay用for .
5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（SVOC）
6、there be 句型。
tidy up 收拾，fan扇，fan oneself ,给某人自己扇风，
fan the flame煽动情绪， a movie fan , 影迷，
un反义前缀，tidy-untidy,happy-unhappy，comfortable-uncomfortable
at least至少，祈使句，肯定以动词原形开头，反问用will you ?/won‘t you?，否定用Don‘t +动词原形，反问用will you ?，Let‘s …用shall we?
take up占据，代词放中间, take away拿走,
take sth. back,收回某物take ….to …把…带到….
take off脱下，起飞.take place发生,
take a rest 休息一下, a bit ,a little ,作状语时可互换
a bit of =a little,有点儿，修饰名词on time按时,
in time及时, from time to time有时,
a long time很长时间, for the first time首次,
have a good time ,玩得高兴
be/get /become interested in 主语是人，某人对某事产生兴趣
指人的不定代词somebody/someone,everybody/everyone ,anybody/anyone, nobody/no one 指物的不定代词,anything,something,everything,nothing play the violin ;弹奏乐器，play +the+乐器，球类，play+球，
世上独一无二的加the ，前面出现过的用the ，
make+宾语+宾语补足语(使..处于某种状态,地位)make sb.do sth.使某人做某事，后接动词不定式作宾语，不要to 的有，一感feel，二听hear,listen to，
三让have let make，四看see,look at ,watch ,notice，半帮助help，
make sb.sth=make sth for sb.为某人做某事，make money赚钱，
make a living谋生，make trouble引起麻烦，
make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，make war 开战，
make a fire生火，make a face做鬼脸，
make ..from用..制成（用被动）make …of用..制成（用被动）
make fun of 取笑，与…开玩笑，make room for 为…让地方，
make up 编造，make up one‘s mind 决心，拿定主意，
现在完成时：表过去发生或已经完成的某一动作，对现在造成的影响和结果，或持续到现在的动作。常用词语already,yet ,ever ,never,just ,before, for + some time ,since，
at the end of 在…尽头，在…末尾，（时间，位置）by the end of =not later than by the end of 到…末为止,+过去时间，用于过去完成时
by the end of+现在时间，用于现在完成时，in the end =at last =finally,最后end（动词）up with以…结束, come to an end 告终，结束,
begin with以…开头, sth happen to sb某事发生在某人身上
.happen to do sth.碰巧发生某事take place发生，预料中发生的事,
.happen是偶然发生的，be famous for因..而出名，外界客观,
be famous as作为….而出名，本身身份, be good for 对…有益
be good at擅长, a collection of….的收藏,
take an interest in 对某事感兴趣, give an interview,会面，做访谈
as a result结果, as a result of 由于，因为,
also 也，肯定句中,too也，肯定，句末，逗号,either也，否定，句末，逗号,
as well也，肯定，句末, be sure确信，相信，
in life一生中, all one‘s life一生，终身
buy sb .sth=buy sth for sb .think about考虑，思考，想起, think of想起think over工，思考
book after=take care of =care for,照顾look over, 检查，查看, look for寻找, look up 查找,
be popular with,受…的欢迎
when , while,as的用法：
when可引用可延续性和非延续性，若两分句是非延续性，只用when while引用可延续性，若两分句是可延续性，只用while
as常用于同时发生的
be useful to/for 对….有用, be useful in (for )doing sth,有助于useful 反义词useless ,比较级前加more ,最高级前加most ,
develop ,名词development ,developing 发展中.developed 发达的, success名词,succeed动词, successful形容词,successfully副词,failure失败some…others没有范围的“一些”…另一些，但不是全体，
some…the others某一范围的“一些….其他”的，表全体，
one ….another不定数目中的“一个”“另一个”
one ….the other两者中的“一个，另一个”
花费: sb.spend (s) some money on sth.
sb.spend(s) some time on sth.
sb. spend(s)some money (in) buying sth.
sb.spend(s) some time (in) doing sth.
pay: sb.pay(s) some money for sth.
cost: sth cost sb. some money/time
take :It takes sb. sometime to do sth
It takes sb .some money to buy sth .
It‘s +adj.+for sb. +to do sth .外界原因，
It‘s +adj. +of sb. +to do sth .人的品质，
remember/forget to do sth.想起/忘记要做某事，
remember/forget doing sth.想起/忘记做过某事。
in the way 以这种方式, long ago很久以前,
start ,begin当用于进行时，后用to +V原，主语是物时，后用+to V原，
such as 像…，例如，for example 句首,句中，用逗号隔开，缩写e.g，
as well as连接两相同的内容，come out 出版，开放，出现，
probably句中，不用于句中，不用于句首，maybe可能性很小，口语，句首perhaps或许句首，句中
what do you think of =how do you like . show sb .sth =show sth to sb.
try to do sth 努力做某事，try doing sth.尝试做某事
try one‘s best 尽某人的最大努力, try out试验,
try on 试穿 a piece of music一首乐曲,
动词后只跟Ving 的有：finish ,practice ,mind ,feel like ,miss ,kee p,pardon, excuse ,suggest consider,give up ,can‘t help,
need to do sth 需要做某事，主语是人, need doing需要被做某事，主语是物dress sb给某人穿衣, drss oneself 自己穿衣
be/get dressed in=dress in +衣服或颜色, find out查明，
就近原则：not only…but also ,不仅.而且either…or ..不是…就是，或者..或者neither…nor 既不…也不…,there be 动词以最近的主语为标准
MODULE 2
宾语从句是在动词、介词、动词不定式等后带的从句。
引导词展示关：1.宾语从句是陈述句时，常用that引导，that可以省略；
2.特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，由原来的连接代词、副词引导；
3.一般疑问句改成的，用连词if或whether引导，两者都有是否的意思，通常可以替换。不能省略。
语序应用关：主语在前，谓语动词在后，（带有宾语从的复合句的标点符号，取决于主句的句式，与从句无关。主是陈述句，用句号，主是疑问句，用问号）时态照应关：1.主句是祈使句或主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，从句不受影响，根据情况选用。
2.主句是过去时，从句也一定用过去的时间（一般过去时、过去进行时等）
3.从句是客观真理、自然现象等，任何时候都用一般现在时。（以Could you tell me ....?/ would you tell me ...?开头的不能用过去时态。）
否定转移关：当主句的谓语动词是think，believe，guess，suppose等时，主句
的主语是又是第一人称，人句表示的否定意义转移到主句，（反问句遵循主是我人用他，主是他就用他。）
转换“变脸”关：一些动词：tell,know,ask,show,teach,find(out),forget都可接连接（副）词+不定式（连接副永why除外）也就是疑问词+动词不定式（to）举行会议hold a meeting；抓住，得到catchhold of ；
（不挂断）等一下hold the line ,hold on，趾高气扬hold one heae high；
阻止，抵制hold back；赞同，赞成hold with
if当“是否”讲时引导的是宾语从句，该用将来时就用将来时。
E.g I dont care if doesn't rain.
if当“如果”讲时引导的是条件状语从句。主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。闷热的日子a close day ；在附近close by;
接近于close to , 结束，终止bring to a close;
停止，关闭close down hear of/about听说；
hear from sb,收到某人的来信；hear sb .out , 听某人把话讲完；
hear,see, watch,notich,后跟V-原，表示发生了，后跟V-ing表示正在发生。
In加一段时间，常用用将来时will，用how soon 提问。
be different from与...不同；be excited about对....感到兴奋/激动；
为什么不做某事呢，做....怎么样？Why don't you do that?=why not do that?
提建议：Let's do sth! Shall we/I do sth? What (how) about doing sth?
sometime过去或将来某个时候，用于过去时或将来时；some time一段时间表，some times几次几倍，sometimes 有时常用于一般现在时。
alone 强调单独的个体，多作表语。lonely表示感情上的孤独。
Laugh at sb.嘲笑某人，laugh oneself to death笑得要死；
Worry sb with sth某事使某人烦恼；worry about sb/sth.担心某人/某事；
be worried about=worry about担心的，忧虑的；as usual照常，像平常一样；than usual较平常.... a unusual man一个不寻常的人，用冠词“a”
pass away去世，磨时间；pass by过去（人）从旁而过；
pass through路过，经过，经历，经验；pass on (to)继续前进，传递；
touch sb to the heart.触动某人的心弦，be in touch with与...接触；
keep in touch with与....保持联系；get in (into) touch with与....取得联系；lose touch with与....失去联系，touch off触发，激起。
It doesn't matter.不要紧；the matter麻烦事；
no matter how(what,when ,where...)不管怎样（什么，哪里，何时..）
How many 多少，用于可数名词数量提问，后跟名词复数;
how much多少，用于不可数名词数量或价格提问，
how old 多大，对年龄进行提问；
how long多长，多久，对一段时间和物体长度进行提问,
how tall多高，对有生命事物高度提问，多指人和树;
how often多久，对事物的频率进行提问，如对这些提问often,usually,sometimes, never,always,three times a day,twice a week,once a month等
how soon 多快，对将来时的时间状语in+一段时间提问
how far多远，对距离进行提问。
how high 多高，对无生命事物高度提问，多用于山、建筑物等;
be afraid of doing sth.担心,害怕发生某种后果;
make friends with sb.和某人交朋友， a piece of advice一条建议
a piece of information一条信息; a piece of news一条新闻
want to do sth=would like to do sth=feel like doing sth.想要做某事。
not...any more=no more不再，表示次数上或程度上不再，
not ...any longer=no longer不再，表示时间上不再延续。
电话常语:Is that sb.(speaking)? This is sb(speaking)
Sb speaking/Speaking. May I speak to sb?
Hold on ,please. Can I take a meesage,please?
Who is that ?/Who is calling?
expect to do sth,预计做某事so much如此多,
on one's way to在某人去...的路上by the way顺便说一下，
in one's way 阻挡, in a(one) way某种程度上，在某点上
one's own某人自己的,
no one 一般不与of连用，动词用单数，指人，但不具体指，常用来回答who/anyone/anybody引导的疑问句。
none与of连用，动词可用单复数，具体指什么人或物，用来回答how many +n./how much +n./any +n.引导的疑问句。
nothing 掼物，不用于人，动词用单数，用来回答anyting ,what 引导的疑问句。
talk to /with sb.与某人交谈，talk about sth.with sb.与某人谈论某事
at the moment;此时此刻make sb do sth.使某人做某事
give/take /follow/ask for a piece of advice.
Would you like sth? Yes ,please/No ,thanks.
Woulld you like to do sth.? Yes,I'd like/love to.
have fun做某事很愉快call back回电话；
call sb.back 给某人回电话，hold the line请稍等，
立刻right now ,at once,right away ，刚才just now.
take a message for sb, 为某人捎信，leave a message for sb.为某人留口信。whether.....or not是否welcome to ....欢迎来......
in fact事实上， a couple of 几个，两个。
Be different from与...不同，be the same as .与...一样
a pair of 一双，一对，是不能分开的，缺一不可， a couple of ,是同一类事物中相关的两个。Good luck with....祝.....顺利。
Good luck to sb.表示祝某人幸运；early autumn初秋，
late autumn晚秋，junior high school初级中学，
far away遥远的，far away from=far from离....远near to
so far到现在为止，与现在完成时连用；turn back折回，往回走；without a word没有说话；get in touch with和...取得联系；
keep in touch with和....保持联系change one‘s life 改变某人的生活what‘s the matter with you?=what‘s wrong with you?=what‘s the trouble with you? believe in sb.信任某人at first起初；
first of all首先，第一；so….that如此….以至于…；too…to…太…而不能…take pride in以…自豪
in pulic公开地，当众; at that time=at that moment在那时
day by day一天天地trun back转身
smile at 对…微笑，laugh at .sb嘲笑某人
play jokes on sb.开某人的玩笑tell jokes 讲笑话
if 与whether的用法：
在ask，know，wonder等动词后引导一个宾语从句时，可以互换。
1、引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，只能用whether
2、如果其后接动词不定式，则只能用whether
I can‘t make up my mind whether to go or not .
3、用于介词之后时，只能用whether
4、与or not 连接时，只用whether而不用if .
5、if可引导条件状语从唏，意为“如果”，whether可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管，无论是否”
6、even if 和as if 中的if不能换成whether
MODULE3
动词不定式与动词的ing形式作宾语
1、常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词。一些动词后面常跟不定式作宾语，如want ,agree,decide等。口诀：
要想拒绝忘记want , refuse ,forget
需要努力学习need , try , learn
喜欢同意帮助like, agree, hel[
希望决定开始hope ,wish ,decide, begin ,start
2、常见的跟动词的ing形式作宾语的动词。
这些词主要有：finish, enjoy, ,practice等。
完成练习值得忙finish, practice,be worth ,be busy,
继续习惯别放弃keep on ,be used to ,give up
考虑建议不禁想consider, suggest, can‘t help, feel like,
喜欢思念要介意enjoy,miss, mind
3、有的动词既可以跟动词不定式，也可以跟动词的ing形式作宾语，但意义差别很大。
（1）gorget to do sth. /forget doing sth.
forget doing 忘了做过某事
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事
(2)remember to do sth.记着要做某事
remember doing记着做过某事
(3)stop to do sth.停下正在做的事去做另一件事
stop doing sth.停止做某事
everybody /everyone每个人,动词用第三人称单数,用于否定句中表示部分否定。
thank sb.for sth(doing sth =thanks for/thank you for sth(doing sth)…为…而向某人表示感谢，后加ing；
take sb .around=show sb.around带领某人参观, look out (for)当心；小心, look at看, look like 看起来,
look for寻找, look after照顾,
look up 查找，向上看, look out of向…外面看,
look forward to盼望，期待, look over检查,
Don‘t mention it不客气,It‘s my pleasureThat‘s all right ./You‘re welcome. /Not at all.用于回复别人的感谢。keep on doing sth.反复做某事
keep …from doing sth.阻止/防止…做某事，同/stop/prevent …from doing sth. keep away（使）离开,，（使）不接近keep back阻止，留在后面
,keep together在一起，动作协调, keep up持续，使不低落,
keep up with跟上，不落后, keep in with与…保持友好关系, keep…in mind把…记在心里help sb. do sth 帮助某人做某事，
help sb. with sth .在某方面帮助某人can‘t help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事help oneself/ help oneself to sth自用或自取某物
report sth .to sb.把某事向某人汇报
would like/want, 想would like to do sth.=want to sth.
would you like =do you want Me ,too.我也是，前句是肯定句。
Me,either. 前句是否定句。prepare for为…作准备
watch ,see ,look at ,notice ,read 的区别：
watch,指仔细观看，看电视、球赛等see 指看望某人，看电影，看医生等。look at 仅表示看这个动作。notice 指偶尔看到；注意到；觉察到
read指看书；看报。the end of …的结尾
agree with同意某人，同意某人的看法或观点,agree to对…表示同意agree on愿意;答应,认同each other 两者之间的“彼此，互相”
one another 三者或三者以上之间“相互；彼此。”
look down向下看,look down upon藐视，看不起,
look up to尊重；尊敬,in radio在播音方面,
Shouldn‘t you be at school?是一个否定疑问句，用于表示惊讶情绪，答语和反问回答是一致的，针对事实作答。
explain sth .to sb.向某人解释某事。when I was about four or five years old =at the age of four or five. in person亲自
ask for要…ask sb. for sth向某人要某物
learn from.向…学习learn about /of听说，了解到
learn…by oneself=teach oneself自学close down 停止（播音），关闭
动词变表示人的名词时通常加er，也有部分单词加or构成
run—runner play—player sing—singer win—winner report—reporter manage—manager act –actor visit—visitor collect—collector invent—inventor operate –operator conduct –conductor
in front of 在….前，在事物外部的前面, in the front of在事物内部的前面sound like听起来像…introduce sb .to sb.把某人介绍给某人
the lives of …的命运表示建议的句型有：
1、Shall we…?我们…好吗？
2、Let‘s ….让我们…
3、What /how about…怎么样？
4、Why don‘t you/we..=why not…?为什么不？
5、Would you like….?你愿意..吗?回答时用I‘d like/love to . sorry ,but ….
对于建议肯定回答:good idea./OK/Sure/ All right./Why not?/Great/Yes, I‘d love to 对于建议否定回答：I‘m sorry ,I‘m afaid …/I‘d love to ,but …..
score a goal 进一球score a success获得成功
MODULE 4
if 从句
if 引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断。
可以把条件句分为两类：
（1）真实条件句：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。
If I have time ,I will help you with this work.
if从句若是一般现在时，主句应用将来时。
（2）虚拟条件句：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。
If I were you ,I would have attended the meeting .
If he had come here yesterday,he would have seen his old friend .
条件句中如有，可以省去，并使用倒装语序。
play back回放，turn on 打开，多指打开电器、水龙头等，
turn off 关上，lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人。
borrow sb.sth=borrow sth form sb.向某人借来某物，借一段时间用keep.
send sb. sth=send sth. to sb.
send away 派出，送出,send up发射,
send for派人去请,connect ….to /with…把…和…连接
save one‘s life 挽救某人的生命，pick up 捡起，拾起，
bite sb. on the hand咬某人的手， a few days earlier几天前
a few days later 几天以后clim
b out of 从….爬出来，
take a photo of 给…拍照
怎么啦？：
1.what is wrong with sb./sth.
2.what‘s the matter with sb./sth?
3.what‘s the trouble with sb./sth? wait for等待
can‘t wait to do sth.迫不及待地去做某事 a text message一条短信息look on 旁观look on sb. as把某人看作….
get /be ready to do sth准备好做某事，乐意做某事
get /be ready for sth=prepare for为…准备好eceive a postcard 收到一张明信片, on the front of 在前面，在正面, on the back,在背面，在后面
what kind of什么种类，哪种, a kind of 一种,
all kinds of 各类各样的kind of有点儿，相当于a little,a bit , take a photo=take photos,拍照look up仰视，查找（字典）,
look sb. up and down,上下打量看某人look up to 尊敬，仰视,
look after照顾, look down on(upon)看不起，瞧不起,
look forward to doing sth盼着做某事, look through,浏览
send a message home,给家里发信息send sb sth/send sth to sb.,
play back回放, turn on 开, turn off 关, turn down关小,turn up 开大, come on赶快, come from, 来自come back回来,
come along ,跟着来come over,顺便来访come down落下，降落hurt oneself伤害某人自己save one‘s life挽救某人的生命
bite sb .on the hand 咬了某人的手
across强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作。
through表示从某一范围的一端到另一端，但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行
的，往往掼穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。
over用作“穿过，通过”时，表示到达高的障碍物的另一侧.
pick up ,捡起 a few一些，几个，用于名词复数形式肯定，
few很少，几乎没有，用于名词复数形式否定 a little 有一点，用于不可数名词肯定，little很少，几乎没有否定
on business ,出差借入borrow ，借出lend，借一段时间keep
with和…一起，具有带有；携带；与…同时，随着；由于，因为；表示行为方式；就…来说，关于。
what is the price of sth?=how much is sth.某物多少钱？
be surprised to do sth做某事而感到惊奇，a few days earlier几天前，
show ….to …..把…给…看，suggest to sb向某人提建议，
Irish爱尔兰的,Ireland爱尔兰，IrishmanE爱尔兰男人, Irishwoman爱尔兰女人wait for sb./sth等待某人/某物hide sth from sb把某事瞒着某人.
hide out 躲藏，, hide up包庇（坏人）,
take one‘s medicine 忍受不愉快的事，take medicines服药，
be surprised at sth.对…感到不惊奇be surprised that+从句
in surprise 惊奇地,to one‘s surprise令某人吃惊的是
leave for a place动身去某地
MODULE 5
if 引出的条件状语从句的时态‘
1.主句用一般将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来；
2.当主句用祈使句或情态动词时，从句通常用一般现在时。
3.如果主句中的动词是want，hope等词，则用一般现在时。
4.有时if 引导的从句也可以用will，表“愿意”。
5. if引导的条件状语从句与祈使句的转换
主语为you的条件状语从句可与“祈使句+and/or+简单句”句式互换。
If you work harder ,you‘ll pass the exam. ---Work harder ,and you‘ll pass the exam. If you don‘t hurry up ,you ?ll miss the train.—Hurry up ,or you‘ll miss the train. 6. if 引导的条件句也可用一般过去时来表示与现在相反的假设。（虚拟语气）be able能，会，all together一起，
at the end of 在…结束时，take off 卸掉，拿走，
at least 至少，atfter all 毕竟，
help sb .with sth 帮助某人做某事，hurry up赶快，
use…for用….来干，be used to so sth=be used for (doing) sth被用来干某事，be used by被…用，offer t odo sth提供帮助做某事，
be good at =do well in 擅长，be weak in=do badly in在…方面弱。
have a chance to do sth=have a chance of doing sth.有做某事的机会
take a chance碰运气beat down 打倒，摧毁，还价,
beat off 击退, beat one‘s brains 绞尽脑汁,
beat up 袭击，痛打, punish sb for sth因…而惩罚某人，
punish sb with (by )death把某人处死，punish sb. with (by) a fine处某人以罚款one of +名词复数，动词用单数。…之一，one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数动词用三单，最….之一花费时间和某人/某物在一起spend some time with sb/sth. too much 太多，后跟名词, much too太，非常后跟形容词或副词。be proud of =take pride in 以….自豪
send sb .away 把…送走，把…撵走，把…开除,
so 是副词，通常修饰形容词，副词，表示这么多（少）名词前用,many , much ,few ,little表示“多少”时应用so,
such是形容词，常修饰名词，放在a/an之前，all, no ,one ,few ,several ,some , any ,many等词之后，可以修饰各种名词。
such+a/an +adj.+单数名词＝so +adj.+a/an +单数名词
ask to do sth要求做某事，ask sb to sth要求某人做某事，
ask for请求，ask for trouble自找麻烦
be sure to do sth一定…，必须…., be sure of sth /be sure that意为确信. be sure of doing sth.有把握做某事offer to do sth提出做某事，愿意做某事steal sth from sb. steal sb .sth.
go to sleep 入睡，睡着, go to bed 上床睡觉,
go to sleep /fall asleep /get to sleep入睡，睡着，be asleep睡得很熟,
be fast asleep睡得很熟be sleeping正在睡觉。
be tired of 厌烦….对…感到厌烦
adj./adv.+enough for sb. +to do sth做某事对某人来说够….。
instead of 代替，而不是主动语态变被动语态歌诀：
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语主动变被动，be加“过分”来使用。何种时态变被动，时态只能在be上动。说到主动和被动，还是被动最常用。被动语态的结构是：be+及物动词的过去分词
变法：1主+谓+宾语.将宾语变作主语,将谓语变被动语态,将主语变by宾语. 2.主+谓+间宾+直宾将间接宾语变作主语,谓语变成被动语态,直接宾语不变. 3主+谓+直宾+间宾+to或for 将直变主,将谓变被告,其余不变.by原主
4.主+谓+宾+宾补宾作主,谓变被,其余不变,by原主.
5.主+谓+宾+宾补(let,see,make ,hear,watch ,feel, help, notice,observe,look at ,listen to )变为被动时，后加to
6.被动语态的时态由被动结构―be+过去分词‖中的动词be来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：
7.(1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am [is, are]+过去分词
8.(2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was [were]+过去分词
9.(3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词
10.(4) 现在完成时的被动语态：have [has]been+过去分词
11.(5) 过去完成时的被动语态：had been+过去分词
12.(6) 现在进行时的被动语态：am [is, are] being+过去分词
13.(7) 过去进行时的被动语态：was [were] being+过去分词
14.(8) 过去将来时的被动语态：would be+过去分词
15.4. 含有情态动词的被动形式
16.若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词，在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词，其结构为―情态动词+be+过去分词‖
in the front of 在..前面（内部）at the back of .在….后面
be angry at /about sth.因某事而生气be angry with /at sb.和某人生气
be able to do sth能够，refuse to do sth拒绝，
would rather do sth than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
punish sb. with /by …把某人以…处罚warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事write to sb.给某人写信use sth .to do sth.用某物做某事
go wrong ,出毛病，出错use ….for 用…..来做
onto 到….之上, into到….之内，out of 从…出来这些词语常与动态词连用
make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误，be angry to do sth .做某事很生气，be angry with sb.for doing 因某人做了某事而生气，first …second首先…其次，感叹句：
感叹的中心落在形容词、副词或整个句子上，用how引导感叹句。即：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
感叹的中心落在名词上，用引导感叹句。即：what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！what+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！
pocket money零用钱，after all不管怎样，毕竟
hurry up赶快, in a hurry匆忙地,
hurry to do sth.匆忙去做某事save up积攒，储存，
on one‘s way to 在某人去某地的路上，副词不用to ，be broken破了，坏了agree on 对….取得一致意见,同agree in doing sth.，agree to sth.后面跟表示提议、办法、计划、安排等的名词或代词。agree with 后面常接表示人或意见（看法）的名词或代词作宾语
feel sorry for 对…感到抱歉，对…感到遗憾find …difficult发现..困难
get into trouble招惹麻烦，陷入麻烦，the first (one) to do sth.第一个做某事的人start with =begin with以…作开始
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告/提醒某人（不要）做某事
warn sb. against sth ./doing sth.提醒/警告某人不要做某事
warn sb. of/ about sth.警告某人某事warn sb. that警告某人…..
MODULE 6
直接引语改为间接引语
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语
一、如何变人称：
下面有一句顺口溜―一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新‖。―一随主‖是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
―二随宾‖是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
―第三人称不更新‖是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。"Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：
1.直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-?He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, h aven?t you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
H e asked , "Where do you live?" →He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don?t 变为not ）.
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said t o him , "Don?t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let…s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let?s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
[注意]
（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。例如：
He said, "Let?s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don?t you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：
直接引语间接引语
一般现在时一般过去时
现在进行时过去进行时
一般将来时过去将来时
现在完成时过去完成时
一般过去时过去完成时
过去完成时过去完成时
[注意]
（1）如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
（2）如果直接引语中有明确表示过去时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如：
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
He said, "I?m a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your
pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more att ention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代词等一般地应作相应的变化。
fall asleep 入睡， go to bd 上床睡觉 反义词get up ， too ….to 太…而不能… 相当于so+adj. +that +否定句 或者 be not +形容词的反义词＋enough to do sth.
clap and cheer 鼓掌欢呼 everyone 后用in ＋ 接集体名名词 every one 后用of +具体名词或代词（复数） ber worried about=worry about 担心 项目
直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this
that these those 表时
间的
词语 now
then today
that day this week(month ,etc)
that week (month ,etc yesterday
the day before last week(month) the week(month) before three days(a year)ago three days(a year)before tomorrow
the next (following ) day next week(month)
the next(following)week(month) this evening
that evening yesterday morning
the morning before ago
before the day before yesterday
two days before 地点 here
there 动词 bring
take come go
fight for 为（事业、自由、真理）而斗争fight against,为反对…而斗争接人、国家名词时可fight with互换
这些时间状语前不加介词：
today, tomorrow,tonight, ntxt day/week /month/year…,this morning/afternoon /evening/week….the day before yesterday, the day after tomorrow,
be lost 迷路，延续性get lost迷路，非延续性face to face面对面，
be faced with面临，lose face丢脸
make faces做鬼脸true to life,反映真实生活的
in one?s opinion以某人的观点，在某人看来,as though,好像,
even though,即使，纵然in action使起作用，使生效和，在活动中except, but表示在整体中除去一部分，一般用来排除同类，除..之外常和all,every,no,not,any等词连用，一般可互换，但如果跟副词，介词短语等，不能用but。
besides,除….之外，还有，包括了后面的宾语在内
except for把某一点除外，若无…..用于排除异类，用于说明基本情况后在细节上加以修正补充。
except that后接从句，与except for意思一样，用来强调或细节，补充前面所说的话。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，advise doing建议做某事
I beg your pardon 请你再说一遍plenty of 许多；大量
compete to do sth通过竞赛，比赛来做事compete for为….而竞争；竞争获得…compete against /with 与…竞争/比赛
pleased ,高兴的，乐意的，相当于happy,/glad,常作表语，与with连用表示“对…感到满意。”
pleasure, 名词，愉快；高兴；乐事。
pleasant,形容词，令人愉快的，高兴的，常作定语、表语
please动词，使高兴；使满意。常用在as /what /where等词后表示“想，选择，喜欢”多用于祈使句。
among 表示在三者或三者以上之间，between表示在两者之间。
a very exciting place 一个非常激动人心的地make friengs with sb.与某人交朋友
新目标八年级英语下册短语归纳全册Unit 1 Will people have robots? 1. in the future 在将来 2. live to (be) … years old活到……岁 3. in 100 years 一百年后 4. free time 空闲时间 5. talk about 谈论，谈及，谈到 6. high school 高中 7. computer programmer 电脑程序员 8. on a space station 太空站 9. fall/be in love with … 爱上…… 10. go skating 去滑冰 11. be able to 能，会 12. I disagree= I don’t agree我不同意 13. the World Cup 世界杯 14. keep pets养宠物 15. job interview 工作面试 16. fly…to… 乘坐…飞往… 17. come true 实现，成为现实 18. see sb. do sth./see sb doing sth 看见某人做了/正在做某事19. one’s own … 某人自己的……my own pen 20. science fiction movies 科幻影片 21. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助（某人）做某事 22. hundreds of 数百，成百上千的 23. the same as 和……相同 24. wake up 醒来；唤醒 26. try to do sth. 试图做某事，尽力做某事 27. get bored 变得厌倦 28. over and over (again) 一次又一次，再三地 29.make predictions 做预测 30.predict the future 预测未来 31.look for寻找 32.the head of ….的老板 33.make sb do sth 使某人做某事 34.be used by 被用 35.less pollution 更少的污染 36. live alone 单独居住
八年级上册各单元重点总结 Module 1 How to learn English 重点单词 1. grammar n. 语法 2. pronunciation n. 发音 3. advise v. 建议 4. advice n. 意见;建议 5. possible adj. 可能的 6. aloud adv. 大声地;出声地 7. improve v. 改进;改善 8. suggest v. 建议;提议 9. vocabulary n. 词汇;词汇量 10. spelling n. 拼写 11. possible adj. 可能的 12. should v. aux. 应该 13. practise v. 练习 14. agree v. 赞同 15. quickly adv. 快地;迅速地 16. correct v. 纠正 adj. 正确的17. match v. 使相配；使成对 18. meaning n. 意义；意思19. complete v. 使完全 20. sentence n. 句子 21. letter n. 字母 22. excellent adj.极好的；优秀的 23. natural adj. 合理的 24. place v. 放置 24. main adj. 主要的 25.key adj. 关键性的；非常重要的26. conversation n. 谈话；交谈 27. basic adj. 基础的 28. understand v. 理解;明白（过去式：） 29. forget v. 忘记（过去式：）
重点短语 1. look up查;查找 2. make a mistake犯错误 3. talk about谈论;讨论 4. speak English 讲英语 5. write down 写下;记下 6. next to在……旁边;紧挨着 7. listen to the radio听广播 8. be good for对……有好处 9. write to 给……写信 10. a little（+不可数n.）有点 a few（+可数n.）几个;一些 11. agree with sb.同意某人 12. talk to sb. 跟……交谈 13. send….to sb.把……(发)送给某人 14. ask for请求(给予) 15. watch films看电影 16. be from = come from 来自 17. smile at冲……微笑 18. go to bed去睡觉
新人教版八年级下册英 语短语汇总 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
2016春新人教版八年级下册英语短语汇总Unit 1 What’s the matter 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. tak e one’ s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在…上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走 22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 使.......惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了；由于 29. in time 及时 30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出来 35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心
八年级英语下册短语汇总外研版 Module 1 一、短语归纳 1.tidy up 整理,收拾 2. take up 占用 3. all the time 总是，一直 4.such as 比如 5.as well as 并且，还，也 6. come out 出版 7.as a result 结果 8.play the violin 弹小提琴 9.spend …(in) doing sth. =spend …on sth. 花费…做某事 10.mountain biking 山地自行车运动 11.be interested in 对…感兴趣 12.listen to sb. do sth. 听某人做某事 13.at the end of 在…的尽头 14.give an interview 接受采访 15.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 16.collect =have a collection of 收集 二、从课本找出下列重点句。 Unit 1 1. 多好的味道！ 2. 你想尝一尝吗？ 3. 它闻上去味道太重并且尝起来有点酸。 4. 我恐怕不喜欢奶酪。 5. 你正在做不同的东西吗？ 6. 有一些披萨和一些甜点。 7. 你确定那是糖吗？ 8. 它有可能是盐。 9. 今天是我的幸运日。 Unit 2 1. 收到你的来信太好了。 2. 我希望当我到达机场的时候你能从照片里认出我。 3. 我很高，留着金色的短发。 4. 谢谢你告诉我你的爱好。 5. 在学校里我和朋友花费很多时间弹奏古典音乐。 6. 来到中国你有什么感觉？ 7. 我不知道怎么用恰当的方式处理事情。 Module 2 一、短语归纳 1.hold the line 稍等 2.right now = at the moment现在 3.whether…or not 是否
外研版英语初二下册知识点及短语集 Module 1 系动词:一是(be,am ,is ,are ,been ,was ,were ,being ),一觉得(feel),一好像(seem),一保持(keep) ,三变化(turn,become, get ),四起来(smell, sound ,look ,taste),后跟形容词. 1.would like =want , would like to do sth=want to do sth . 想要做某事 would like sb. to do sth .=want sb. to do sth 想要某人做某事 would you like ...? 其后用some 不用any . 句子:Would you like to do sth . 肯定回答:Yes ,please ./sure ,thanks ./Yes ,I’d like to./Yes ,I’d love to 否定回答:No, thanks ./Sorry ,I’m afraid I can’t . 2.try to do sth .尽力做某事;试图做某事;设法做某事,但不一定成功.否定式:try not to do sth. try doing sth .试着做某事,看看会发生什么情况. have a try 试一试 3.a bit 与a little 1)两者修饰动词,形容词,副词或比较级, 2)a little 可以直接修饰不可数名词,相当于a bit of 4.have a try 试试看, have a look 看一看 have a headache头疼 have a rest 休息 have a meeting 开会 have a good time 玩得愉快 have a fever发烧 5.lots of =a lot of 很多,大量 ,常用于肯定句中.既可修饰可数相当于many , 又可修饰不可数,相当于much . a lot 相当于very much ,多与动词连用,修饰形容词,副词的比较级. 6.提出建议:1)Let’s do sth.让我们做…吧. 2)How about /what about doing sth ?做..怎么样 3)Why not do sth ?为什么不…? 4)Would you like to do …?你愿意做….吗? 5)Shall we do …?我们做…好吗? 6)You’d better(not) do ..你最好(不)做某事.
八年级下册英语短语词组 Unit 1 1.there will be =there is / are going to be 2.less: 不可数名词fewer 可数名 词复数 less pollution fewer people 3.argue with 争吵 4.everything will be free .一切将免费 5.in the future 将来 6.在。。。以后 In 用于将来时态 in 加时间时,只表示将来的时间 I will be here in a minute.一分钟之 后我就来 After 用于过去时态 He came back after 2 days. 7．An astronaut 宇航员 8. fall in love with (fell, fallen) 爱上 9. wear 穿着a suit \ put on 穿上a pair of jeans he is wearing a suit today. 她今天穿着一件西装 It is cold outside, please put on a sweater. 外面冷，请穿上毛衣 10．Be like = look like 看起来像 What's your sister like?你姐姐怎么样？ What does your sister look like?你姐姐长什么样子？ 11. make/ let sb do sth 让某人做某事 Make sb adj It is enough to make her happy. 12. over and over 反复 13. help sb do sth Help sb with sth 14. go through 仔细检查 15.seem 用法 She seems quite happy today. 今天她似乎很高兴 It seems that + 句子 It seems that you are lying. 你似乎在撒谎 Sb seems to do sth He seems to be thinking about something. 他似乎正在考虑某事16. fly v. Flight n. 17. see / watch / hear /find sb do/ doing sth I often see Tom play soccer at school. I saw Tom watching TV when I went to visit him last night. 18. keep a pet 养宠物 19. come true.实现 20. look smart显得精神/看起来聪明 21. be able to 22. he is 8 years old. He is an 8-year-old boy. Unit 2 1.talk with /to \和。。。。讲话 2.talk about谈论 3.out of style过时 4.In style时髦的 5.call sb up 打电话 6.enough +名词 7.形容词+ enough 8.write to sb wrote 写信 9. a key to the door 门的钥匙 10.a ticket to a ball game球赛的门票 11.the answer to the question问题的答 案 12.improve my English提高英语 13.ask sb for help 向人求助 14.play too loud 15.buy (bought) sth for sb 买东西给 某人 16.say sorry to sb 17.find 找到 18.find out 经过努力发现，弄清楚 19.talk about it on the phone 20.need to do 21.人pay （paid ）money for sth 22. 4 个“花费”
初二下册英语短语 1.hatedoing/todosth.讨厌做某事 2.dochores做杂务 3.helpsb.(to)do/withsth帮助某人干某事 4.bringatent带顶帐篷来 5.gotothestore去商店 6.invitesb.toaparty邀请某人参加聚会 7.makesb.dosth.使某人做某事 8.enoughstress足够的压力 9.awasteoftime浪费时间 10.inorderto为了;目的是.. 11.getgoodgrades取得好成绩 12.mind(not)doingsth.(不)介意做某事 13.dependon依赖;依靠 14.developchildren’sindependence发展孩子的独立性 15.lookafter/takecareof照顾;照看 16.doone’spartin(doing)sth.做某人分内的事 17.borrow主语人借进。 18.borrowsth.fromsb.从某人借某物lend主语人借出lendsth.tosb. 19.lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人
20.providesb.withsth. 21.providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物。 22.buysth.forsb.为某人买某物 23.passsb.sth. 24.passsth.tosb.递给某人某物 25.givesb.sth. 26.givesth.tosb.给某人某物 27..fallill生病 28.bebadlyill病的很严重 29.havefreetime有空闲时间 30.allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事 31.hangoutwithsb.与某人闲逛 32.after-schoolclasses课外活动课 33.getintoafightwithsb.与某人吵架/打架 34.untilmidnight直到半夜 35.talkto/withsb.与某人交谈 36.beangrywithsb.生某人的气 37.abigdeal重要的事 38.workout成功地发展;解决 39.geton(well)with和睦相处;关系良好 40.fightalot经常吵架/打架 41.hangover笼罩 42.refusetodosth.拒绝做某事
【短语归纳】 1.太多too much 2.躺下lie down 3.量体温take one’s temperature 4.看牙医see a dentist 5.做个X光检查get an X-ray 6.在……上敷药put some medicine on… 7.发烧have a fever8.整个周末all weekend9.玩电脑游戏play computer games 10.下车get off11.看医生go to a doctor12.送某人去医院take sb. to the hospital 13.到达get to14.立刻;马上right away15.休息take breaks/take a break 16.等待wait for17.多亏；由于thanks to18.没多想without thinking twice 19.及时in time20.考虑think about21.使…….惊讶的to one’s surprise… 22.摔倒fall down23.踢足球play soccer24.患有心脏病have a heart problem 25.几个;少数a few26.造成麻烦get into trouble27.做正确的事do the right things 28.进来come in29.对…感兴趣be interested in30.被打击/晒伤get hit/sunburned 31.习惯于be used to32.冒险take risks/ take a risk33.把……放在某物上put…on sth. 34.因为because of35.失去生命lose one’s life36.用完;耗尽run out (of) 37.切除cut off38.离开;从……出来get out of39.做决定make a decision/decisions 40.放弃give up41.掌管;管理be in control of42.去爬山go mountain climbing 【用法集萃】 1.需要去做某事need to do sth. 2.看见某人正在做某事see sb. doing sth.
八年级英语上册短语汇总 Module 1 1. look up查;查找 2. make a mistake犯错误 3. talk about谈论;讨论 4. speak English讲英语 5. write down写下;记下 6. next to在……旁边;紧挨着 7. listen to the radio听广播 8. be good for对……有好处 9. write to给……写信 10. a little有点 11.agree with sb.同意某人 12. talk to跟……交谈 13. send….to sb.把……(发)送给某人 14. ask for请求(给予) 15. watch films看电影 16. be/come from来自 17. smile at冲……微笑 18. go to bed去睡觉 19. get up起床 20. think about考虑21. make friends with sb.与某人交朋友 22. take sb. around带领某人参观…… 23. a few几个;一些 24. invite sb. to邀请某人到…… 25. be good at擅长 26. for example例如 27.practise doing sth.练习做某事 28.what/how about doing sth.做~事怎么样？ 29.as much as possible尽可能多地 30.try (not) to do sth.尝试做某事 31.need to do 需要做某事 32.forget to do 忘记做某事 33.write to sb.给某人写信 34.advise sb. to do sth建议某人做某事34.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事 Module 2 1. pretty good相当好;很好 2. in fact事实上
八年级下册英语重点短语句子Units1~10 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走 22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’s surprise 使....... 惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了；由于 29. in time 及时 30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此……以至于… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃 二、重点句型 1. What’ s the matter? What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you?= What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了？ 2. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？ Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？ 主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. .. ①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。 ② You shouldn’t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。 3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？ 4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。 5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital
人教,版,初中,英语,八年级,下册,短语,词组,八年级下册英语短语词组 Unit 1 1. there will be =there is / are going to be 2. less: 不可数名词 fewer 可数名词复数 less pollution fewer people 3. argue with 争吵 4. everything will be free .一切将免费 5. in the future 将来 6. 在。。。以后 In 用于将来时态 in 加时间时,只表示将来的时间I will be here in a minute.一分钟之后我就来After 用于过去时态 He came back after 2 days. 7．An astronaut 宇航员 8. fall in love with (fell, fallen) 爱上 9. wear 穿着 a suit \ put on 穿上 a pair of jeans he is wearing a suit today. 她今天穿着一件西装 It is cold outside, please put on a sweater. 外面冷，请穿上毛衣
10．Be like = look like 看起来像 What's your sister like?你姐姐怎么样？ What does your sister look like?你姐姐长什么样子？ 11. make/ let sb do sth 让某人做某事 Make sb adj 12. over and over 反复 13. help sb do sth=Help sb with sth 14. go through 仔细检查 用法 She seems quite happy today. 今天她似乎很高兴 It seems that + 句子 It seems that you are lying. 你似乎在撒谎 Sb seems to do sth He seems to be thinking about something. 他似乎正在考虑某事 16. fly v. Flew Flight n. 17. see / watch / hear /find sb do/ doing sth I often see Tom play soccer at school. I saw Tom watching TV when I went to visit him last night. 18. keep a pet 养宠物 19. come true.实现 20. look smart显得精神/看起来聪明 21. be able to
八年级下册英语基础知识归纳（一） Unit 1 What’s the matter? 【短语归纳】 1. 太多too much 2. 躺下lie down 3. 量体温take one’s temperature 4. 看牙医see a dentist 5. 做个X光检查get an X-ray 6. 在……上敷药put some medicine on… 7. 发烧have a fever 8. 整个周末all weekend 9. 玩电脑游戏play computer games 10. 下车get off 11. 看医生go to a doctor 12. 送某人去医院take sb. to the hospital 13. 到达get to 14. 立刻; 马上right away 15. 休息take breaks/take a break 16. 等待wait for 17. 多亏；由于thanks to 18. 没多想without thinking twice 19. 及时in time 20. 考虑think about 21. 使…….惊讶的to one’s surprise… 22. 摔倒fall down 23. 踢足球play soccer 24. 患有心脏病have a heart problem 25. 几个;少数a few 26. 造成麻烦get into trouble 27. 做正确的事do the right things 28. 进来come in 29. 对…感兴趣be interested in 30. 被打击/晒伤get hit/sunburned 31. 习惯于be used to 32. 冒险take risks/ take a risk 33. 把……放在某物上put… on sth. 34. 因为because of 35. 失去生命lose one’s life 36. 用完; 耗尽run out (of) 37. 切除cut off 38. 离开;从……出来get out of 39. 做决定make a decision/decisions 40. 放弃give up 41. 掌管; 管理be in control of 42. 去爬山go mountain climbing 【用法集萃】 1. 需要去做某事need to do sth. 2. 看见某人正在做某事see sb. doing sth. 3. 询问某人某事ask sb. sth. 4. 期望某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 5. 同意做某事agree to do. sth. 6. 帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 7. 想要做某事want to do sth. 8. 告诉某人去做某事tell sb. to do sth. 9. 做某事有困难have problems (in) doing sth. 10.习惯于做某事be/get used to doing sth. 11. 用某物去做某事use sth. to do sth. 12. 好像做某事seem to do sth. 13. 继续做某事keep on doing sth. 14. 介意做某事mind doing sth. Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. 【短语归纳】 1. 分发give out 2. 打扫(或清除)干净clean up 3. (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来cheer up 4. 建起;设立set up 5. 赠送;捐赠give away 6. 曾经……; 过去…… used to 7. 推迟put off 8. 想出come up with 9. 影响; 有作用make a difference 10. 张贴put up 11. 打电话给call up 12. 帮助…….摆脱困难help out 13. 实现come true 14. 照顾; 照看care for 15. 参加选拔try out for 16. 修理fix up 17. 用光run out of 18. 与……相像take after 19. 与……相似be similar to 【用法集萃】 1. 制订计划做某事make plans to do sth. 2. 要求某人(不要)做某事ask sb. (not) to do sth. 3. 过去常常做某事used to do sth. 4. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 5. 有……感觉get a feeling of… 6. 对……产生影响make a difference to 7. 自愿花时间某事volunteer one’s time to do sth. 8. 放弃时间去做某事give up +时间+ to do sth. 9 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的make it possible for sb. to do sth. Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 【短语归纳】 1. 洗餐具do the dishes 2. 扫地sweep the floor 3. 倒垃圾take out the rubbish 4. 整理床铺make the bed 5. 叠衣服fold the clothes 6. 打扫起居室clean the living room 5. 搭车get a ride 6. 去看电影go to the movies 7. 出去吃晚饭go out for dinner 8. 至少at least 9. 在外待得晚stay out late 10.帮助做完某事help out (with sth.)
八年级英语上册词组全集 M1 try to do sth. 尽力做某事/试用做某事write down 写下；记下 in class 在课堂上 next to 在……旁边 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 doing sth. 忘记做过某事 in pairs 成双；成对 ask for 请求, 要求 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢干某事 talk about 谈论 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快take a deep breath 深呼吸 all the time 一直；始终；总是 make a list 列表；制表；编目录advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事remember to do sth. 记住要干某事leave sth. at home 把某物忘在家里show sb. around 带领某人参观 for example 例如 think about 考虑 make friends 交朋友 M2 travel about/around the world 周游世界 one day 一天 take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞 in newspapers 在报纸上 on television 在电视上 look at today’s newspaper 看今天的报纸 all over China 全中国 by plane 乘飞机=by air at home 在家中 sell out 卖完；脱售 at the end 最后；终于 = ________________________ 注意：at the end of … get up 起立 come true 实现；成为现实（true 是真 实的意思） invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人干某事 have a wonderful time 玩得高兴；过得 愉快 watch the Beijing Opera 观看京剧 take photos 照相take photos of sb./sth. climb the Great Wall 爬长城 climb/walk up the Great Wall 登长城 visit the Palace Museum 参观故宫 take turns to do sth. 轮流/按次序干 某事 play the piano 弹钢琴 around the world 世界各地 take a seat = sit down 坐下 more than 超过；多于=over M3 on the moon 在月球上 on business 因公(出差) share…with sb. 与某人分享……. space station 太空站 remember to do sth. 记住要干某事 show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物；出示； 显示 the latest news 最新消息 space shuttle 宇宙飞船 millions of years 数百万年 go around 围绕…….旋转 at night 在晚上 in the universe 在宇宙 go beyond 超出；超过 in space 在太空中 solar system 太阳系 several times 几次 so far 到目前为止 so…that…如此……..以至于……. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 be interested in 对……感兴趣 for example 例如 name after 以……而命名 as…as…与……一样 M4 head teacher 校长 get on well with sb. 和某人相处好 hear of / hear about 听说 hear from sb. _________________ in face 事实上 = ______________________ Hope School 希望学校 Project Hope 希望工程 drop out of school = stop going to school 退学，缀学 get an education 得到教育 pay for sth. 为…付钱 because of 由于 with the help of 在…的帮助下 take care of = look after 照顾 what…for = why 为什么 have to 不得不 want sb to do sth.想某人去做某事 at school 在读书/学习at the school 在学校里（不一定是在上学） 16.in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院里 M5 classical music 西方古典音乐 pop music 流行音乐 be by sb. 由某人创作 of course 当然 be sure 肯定 否定: ___________________ traditional music 传统音乐 on earth 究竟 a fan of ... 的迷 in the centre of 在...的中心 = ___________________ make him famous 使他闻名 not only ... but also... 不但... 而 且... take sb. around = ___________________ 带某人参观某地 hundreds of 数百 give concerts = __________________
八年级下英语词组、短语归纳 Unit 1 Will people have robots? 1.免费be free 2.使用某物做某事use sth. to do sth. 3.在家通过电脑学习study at home on computers 4.活到200岁live to be 200 years old 5.在一百年以后in 100 years 6.更少的空闲时间less free time 7.将会有更多/ 更少的污染。There will be more / less pollution. 8.更少地使用地铁use the subways less 9.拥挤be crowded 10.在大学in college 11.你认为萨利五年后将会成为什么？What do you think Sally will be in five years? 12.住在一所公寓里live in an apartment 13.乘火箭飞往月球fly rockets to the moon 14.住在太空站live on a space station 15.爱上…fall in love with … 16.作为一名记者as a reporter 17.独自生活live alone 18.养一只宠物鹦鹉keep a pet parrot 19.去滑冰go skating 20.看上去很精神look smart 21.穿套装wear a suit 22.在工作日期间during the week(days) 23.在周末at the weekends 24.穿着更随意dress more casually 25.在一张纸上on a piece of paper 26.赢得下一个世界杯win the next World Cup 27.获奖win awards 28.做着玩do for fun 29.从现在起二十年内twenty years from now 30.为…工作work for… 31.穿校服上学wear a uniform to school 32.飞往月球度假fly to the moon for vocations 33.预测未来predict the future 34.做预言make a prediction 35.实现, 达到come true 36.其中最大一家电影公司的总裁the head of one of the biggest movie companies 37.在一些科幻小说电影中in some science fiction movies 38.在未来in the future 39.帮助做家务活help with the housework = help do the housework 40.成百的hundreds of 41.与…做一样的事do the same things as…