2017年9月公共英语四级考试试题及答案
The loudest outcry about poverty seemed to come in the wealthiest country by far in the world. According to most calculations, 21 most of the 1945-1970 period the United States had a standard of living well 22 Europe’s and many times above the world 23 . Yet 24 about grinding poverty, hunger, and dreadful need proceed more from the United States than from countries with one-fortieth of their living standard. An annual per capita income of eight dollars is 25 of much of Africa and Asia and not a little of South America.
It would seem strange to these people 26 they only aware of the fact that American radicals demand a 27 from an American 28 to the far corners of the globe so that the money thus saved can be spent raising the standard of living of 29 Americans. What this last point suggests is not so much that human 30 are never to be satisfied though this is doubtlessly true, and the American suburbanite 31 of his second car and his color TV suffers just as 32 as an African farmer in need of a second cow and a screen door. Rather, it suggests the 33 of contemporary breach of social 34 —the emancipation of the individual self.
People have learned to consider any 35 to personal fulfillment an 36 insult. They have greatly expanded the circle of self-awareness. They no longer accept sharp limitations on individual desires in the 37 of the group. The amount of potential human discontent has always been 38 — misery, failure, misfitting, bitterness, hatred, envy 39 telling. It has usually failed of 40 , and in the past it was accepted passively as being beyond help.
21、 A. until B. through C. in D. onto
22、 A. over B. above C. against D. below
23、 A. average B. common C. mean D. ordinary
24、 A. storms B. rage C. protests D. fury
25、 A. now that B. regardless C. ignorant D. typical
26、 A. was B. being C. were D. to be
27、 A. retreat B. compromise C. restraint D. detachment
28、 A. confinement B. commitment C. complement D. concealment
29、 A. underprivileged B. misguided C. underlined D. overjoyed
30、 A. anticipations B. shelters C. shortages D. wants
31、 A. informed B. deprived C. ensured D. relieved
32、 A. acutely B. abnormally C. aggressively D. initially
33、 A. margin B. scope C. range D. extent
34、 A. liberties B. norms C. institutions D. practices
35、 A. access B. exception C. obstacle D. approach
36、 A. incomprehensible B. uninterpretable C. intolerable D. negligible
37、 A. face B. company C. name D. wake
38、 A. bulky B. prompt C. momentary D. infinite
39、 A. at B. beyond C. on D. with
40、 A. utterance B. admittance C. compliance D. importance
知识应用参考答案：
21.B22.B23.A24.C25.D
26.C27.A28.B29.A30.D
31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C
36.C37.C.C38.D39.B40.A
In the traditional(传统的)marriage,the man worked at a job to earn money for the family ,Most men worked in an office , a factory,or some other place away from the home .Since the man earned the money ,he paid the bills(帐).The money was used for food ,clothes ,the house ,and other family needs ,The man made most of the decisions ,He was the boss.
In the traditional marriage,the woman seldom worked away from the house. she stayed at home to care for the children and her husband,She cooked meals, cleaned the house ,washed the clothes ,and did other housework ,Her job at home was very important.
In recent years ,many couples(夫妇)continue to have a traditional relationship of the kind . The man has a job and earns the money for the family . The woman stays at home and cares for the children and the house .Many Americans are happy with the kind of marriage .But some other Americans have a different impression of marriage and family responsibilities(责任).
There are two important differences in male(男性)and female (女性)roles(角色)now. One is that both men and women have many more choices .They may choose to marry or to stay single .They may choose to work or stay at home .Both men and women may choose roles that are comfortable for them.
A second difference in male and female roles is that within marriage many decisions and responsibilities are shared .The husband and wife may choose to have children,or they may not .If they have children,the man take care of them some of the time ,all of the time or not at all .The woman may want to stay at home and take care of the children .Or she may want to go to work .Men and women now decide these things together in a marriage ,Many married people now share these decisions and the responsibilities of their families.
36. Which of the following is NOT true in the traditional marriage ?
A. Men worked at a job to earn money for the family .
B. The women made most of decisions.
C. The woman stayed at home to care the children.
D. The man paid the bills.
37. In recent years ________.
A.young couples (拒绝)the traditional relationship.
B. the woman has a job and earns the money for the family .
C. the woman doesn't stay at home and care for the children and the house.
D. the role of men and women has begun to change .
38. Men and women may now choose all the following except to _______.
A. marry or to stay single .
B. work or stay at home .
C. leave their jobs just because they have children
D. have their roles that are comfortable for them
39. The following are all now true except __________.
A. they may choose to have children or not
B. the man may tack care of the children some of the time.
C. the woman is the most important person in the house
D. the woman may want to go to work
40. Which of the following is not true?
A. Everyone tries to get married.
B. The man was the boss in the traditional marriage.
C. The woman's job at home was very important in the past.
D. Many Americans still have a traditional marriage.
参考答案：36-40 BDCCA
In reading science, a heading (标题)often gives a clue (线索)to a problem that is going to be discussed .Getting the problem clearly in your mind is the first step to take in studying such material. You are advised to do this in reading science articles.
1. Read the title and think about it .
2. Read all of the headings .You should get a clear idea of what the problems are without reading anything but the headings.
3. Next ,read the article all the way through carefully. Each time you come to
a heading that names a problem, read the paragraphs under that heading to find out : 1. more information about the problem; 2.how the problem may be met .
41. This passage offers advice on _______.
A. how to read titles and headings
B. how to find headings in an article
C. what problems to be discussed in science article
D. how to read science material
42. It is advisable for you ________.
A. to read the heading which you think is the title
B. to read the heading that names a problem
C. to read one heading and the paragraph under it each time
D. to read the headings only
43. Read the whole article after ________.
A. you have got all the information about the problem
B. you understand the title
C. you have read one paragraph after another
D. you are clear about what to be discussed
44. You read the whole article carefully _________.
A. to get all the headings
B. to see how the problem is discussed
C. to name problems
D. to think about the title
参考答案：DBAC
Unemployment(失业)rose from 7.5&in June,1996to 7.8% in July,1996,the highest rate since January of that year ,the Labor Department reported. The main reason was a large increase -----nearly 700,000 in the labor force ,with a record 61.9% of the population over sixteen years of age working or actively looking for work.
That growth was caused mainly by an increase in the number of women in the labor force ,an increase partly because of a continuation of long ----term and economic trends(经济趋势)and partly a reflection of pressure on families to increase their incomes.
45. According to the announcement,which of the following statements is correct?
A. Unemployment in July was higher than it had been since January.
B. Unemployment rose at a steady rate form January to July.
C. Unemployment rose by about 7% from June to July.
D. Unemployment rose about 7% the first time in July.
46. Why did unemployment increase during the period discussed in the passage?
A. There are fewer jobs in summer.
B. Many companies had dismissed workers.
C. The labor force had grown.
D. Records have become more accurate(准确)
47. which of the following is said to be the main reason why more people are looking for work?
A. Young people start working younger.
B. Recent graduates have entered the labor market.
C. More people must have tow jobs to support their families.
D. More women have entered the job market.
48. It can be inferred that the labor force described in the passage is made up of __________
A. persons whose jobs are not professional(专业的)
B. persons who work at both permanent (永久)and full-time jobs
C. those over 16 years of age who are looking for work
D. about 60% of the country's population
参考答案：ACDA
I found myself facing a dry-cleaning store which had once been one of the best restaurants in New York. On Sundays the old man would take my mother and me for dinner. There had been a balcony(走廊)where a baker (面包师)in a tall white hat baked fresh bread ,and been whenever a customer entered,the baker would look down and put in a fresh batch(一炉).I could see the manager who always sat down with us while we ate .He had some disease ,I suppose,because the right side of his face was swollen (肿的)out like a balloon ,but he always wore a hard wing collar and a white tie ,and never seemed sick .A Negro with a moustache was looking through the store window at me .For a moment I was anxious to go and tell him what I remembered. I did not go into the store ,nor even toward our house ,I went down town instead and sat in my room ,trying to read.
49. Why did the writer stop in front of the store?
A. He wanted to take some clothes to be cleaned.
B. He was thinking about his boyhood.
C. He was looking for a good place to eat.
D. He wanted to buy some fresh bread.
50. In America "old man" probably means _______.
A. uncle
B. grandfather
C. father
D. friend
51. What did the writer do when he walked away from the dry-cleaning store?
A. He stopped thinking about his childhood.
B. He went to the field where the children were playing.
C. He went into the restaurant .
D. He returned to the room where he was staying.
Hotlines have become common in China. Some radio broadcasting stations use hotlines to encourage the listeners to take part in the talk shows.
That's a good idea. Yet,the fact is,some people do nothing but break the whole programme.
Some people know little about the topic under discussion. Sometimes they do not even know what the host(主持人)is talking about. So the host has to tell the caller what the show is about .Usually the caller will ask a few questions which express his hope and show his ignorance(无知).Then the host has to answer and explain-how silly this is !It wastes a lot of time .
It seems that some people phone the hotlines in fun. They just want to let the listeners hear them. They don't care what the topic is ,whether they themselves are interested in or how silly they appear to be.
I'm totally bored(厌烦)by those people . It's necessary for radio stations to improve the hotline programmes. In my opinion,if a caller doesn't know what is going on,the operator should not let the caller take part in it.
52. The sentence,"Some people do nothing but break the whole programme." may tell us that ______.
A. radio stations use hotlines in a wrong way
B. it is a fact
C. it is a good idea
D. some people have unclear thoughts
53. The host has to answer and explain, ____ .
A.for the host works hard
B. because of the caller's ignorance
C. for the host likes talking to the caller
D. because of a lot of questions raised by the caller
54. The passage doesn't tell us the idea ________ .
A. that some listeners phone the hotlines in fun
B. that some people just want to be heard by others
C. that some people who don't care what the topic is must have realized that they appear to be silly
D. what the hotline programmes are
55. Which of the following is not true?
A. Some people know little about the topic under discussion.
B. Some people do not know what the host is talking about
C. Some people do not know what the show is about
D. The writer tells us that the host is silly.
参考答案：BDBBCD
[题目要求]汽车给人们生活带来的好处，但同时也车产生很多问题，对此你是如何看待汽车的作用。
[参考范文]
Since their coming into being, automobiles have been significantly contributing to human industries, agricultures, and even the daily lives.
It is automobiles that have been shaping and reflecting the ways humans work and think. They accelerate the sustainable economic development. They boost industries. They also catalyze scientific research.
But nobody can deny that automobiles have also exerted some unfavorable impacts on social and economic fabric. First of all, they have seriously polluted the environment in which humans survive. Secondly, traffic jam wastes lots of time. Finally, they also waste the money, especially in metropolis.
My opinion is that in the foreseeable future, scientists will be able to solve all problems. Exactly, human will eventually be able to minimize the harmful effects of automobiles, whereas their advantages can be maximized.
由于他们的到来应运而生，汽车已经显著促进人类行业，三农，甚至日常生活。
这是汽车已形成和体现人类的工作和思考方式。他们加快了经济的可持续发展。他们助推产业。他们还促进科学研究。
但没有人能否认，汽车已经也对社会和经济结构的一些不利影响。首先，他们已经严重污染，其中人类生存的环境。其次，堵车浪费大量的时间。最后，他们还浪费钱，尤其是在大都市。
我的看法是，在可预见的将来，科学家们将能够解决所有的问题。没错，人类最终将能够最大限度地减少汽车的有害影响，而自己的优势最大化。
2017年9月全国英语等级考试第二级听力试题 第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the man need a map? A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China. 2. What does the woman want to do for vacation? A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard. 3. What will the man Probably do? A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours. 4. What does the woman say about John? A. He won't wait for her. B. He won't come home today. C. He won't be on time for dinner. 5. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A. 、B. 、C. 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。 6. How does the woman usually go to work? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train. 7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train? A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。 8. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Save up for the car. B. Go to another car dealer. C. Ask someone to check the car. 9. What is the salesman going to do? A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment. 10. How will the man help the woman? A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of the car. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。 11. What does the woman think of the living expenses in the city? A. Fairly low. B. Just Okay. C. Very high. 12. What does the woman spend most on? A. Meals B. Trains. C. Clothes. 13. What does the woman do in her free time? A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。 14. What will Rebecca do on June 12? A. Go on a business trip. B. Organize a trade exhibition. C. Meet the people from Head Office. 15. What is John preparing for the meeting? A. A report. B. A timetable. C. A speech. 16. When do the speakers decide to have the meeting? A. On June 3. B. On June 10. C. On June 17. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day? A. Stay to help her friend. B. Walk alone to her car. C. Wait for the rain to stop. 18. What can we learn about the speaker then? A. She worked at a hotel. B. She had bought a new car. C. She was having a baby soon. 19. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger? A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Beside a car park. 20. What does the speaker talk about?
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .
医院感染管理知识试题 科室姓名成绩 一、单项选择题（50题） 1、经调查证实出现医院感染流行时，医院应于多少时间内报告当地卫生行政部门（） A、36小时 B、24小时 C、12小时 D、48小时 E、2小时 2、下述哪项不属于微生物（） A、病毒 B、支原体 C、细菌 D、衣原体 E、钩虫 3、潜伏病毒的激活感染是（） A、麻疹恢复期 B、隐性乙型脑炎病毒感染 C、乙型肝炎病毒携带者 D、单纯疱疹反复发作 E、慢性活动性肝炎 4、通过空调冷却水传播最常见的细菌是（） A、金黄色葡萄球菌 B、沙门氏菌 C、大肠杆菌 D、军团菌 E、棒状杆菌 5、下述不属于灭菌剂是（） A、2%戊二醛 B、过氧乙酸 C、环氧乙烷 D、甲醛 E、含氯消毒剂 6、妊娠妇女不宜用的抗菌药物是（） A、青霉素 B、磷霉素 C、林可霉素 D、四环素 E、头孢菌素 7、不属于高危物品的是（） Ａ、腹腔镜Ｂ、导尿管Ｃ、体温表Ｄ、穿刺针Ｅ、手术器材 ８、下述各项中错误的是（） Ａ、小儿呼吸道感染不需要隔离Ｂ、医院污物应分类收集、分别处理，以防止污染扩散Ｃ、大面积烧伤或多重耐药菌感染应进行接触隔离Ｄ、洗手是预防医院感染的重要措施Ｅ、传染病区应严格划分清洁区、半污染区、污染区
９、发生医院内尿路感染最常见的诱因是（） Ａ、长期卧床Ｂ、留置导尿管Ｃ、膀胱冲洗Ｄ、膀胱内注射Ｅ、膀胱镜检查 10、下列消毒剂中属于高水平消毒剂的有（） Ａ、戊二醛Ｂ、络合碘Ｃ、新洁尔灭Ｄ、乙醇Ｅ、碘酊 11、关于医院感染的概念错误的是（） Ａ、入院时处于潜伏期的感染不是医院感染Ｂ、医院感染是指在医院内获得的感染Ｃ、慢性感染急性发作是医院感染Ｄ、与上次住院有关的感染是医院感染Ｅ、婴幼儿经胎盘获得的感染不是医院感染 12、医院感染主要发生在（） Ａ、门诊、急诊病人Ｂ、探视者Ｃ、医务人员Ｄ、住院病人Ｅ、陪护人员 13、下列情况属于医院感染的是（） Ａ、在皮肤、粘膜开放性伤口只有细菌定植而无临床症状或体征者Ｂ、由损伤而产生的炎症或由非生物因子刺激产生的炎性反应Ｃ、婴儿经胎盘获得的感染：如ＣＭＶ、弓形虫发生在出生后４８小时以内者Ｄ、住院中由于治疗措施而激活的感染Ｅ、由于输注苏打外渗引起的局部炎性反应 14、医院污物的处理原则错误的是（） Ａ、防止污染扩散Ｂ、分类收集C、分别处理D、医疗垃圾与生活垃圾一同处理E、尽可能采用焚烧处理 15、目前国内医院感染最常发生的部位是（） A、泌尿道 B、外科切口 C、血液 D、下呼吸道 E、胃肠道 16、灭菌速度快、灭菌效果好、对经济、环境污染小的是（） A、环氧乙烷灭菌法 B、戊二醛浸泡灭菌法 C、辐射灭菌法 D、过氧乙酸浸泡灭菌法 E、压力
2017年公共英语等级考试三级听力原文辅导训练 The voice of one man is the voice of no one.以下是小编为大家搜索整理的2017年公共英语等级考试三级听力原文辅导训练，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网! Section I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Directions: This .section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are two parts in this section, Part A and Part B. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 3 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto your ANSWER SHEET 1. If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer-A, B, C or D, and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE. Example: You will hear: W: Could you please tell me if the Beijing flight will be arriving on time? M:Yes, Madam. It should be arriving in about ten minutes. You will read: Who do you think the woman is talking to? [A] A bus conductor. [B] A clerk at the airport. [C] A taxi driver. [D] A clerk at the station. From the dialogue, we know that only a clerk at the airport is most likely to know the arrival time of a flight, so you should choose answer [B] and mark it in your test booklet. Sample Answer: [A] [B] [C] [D] Now look at question 1. 1. What do the girls have in common? [A] Both of them are going to Zimbabwe. [B] They are both from Africa. [C] They are of the same age. [D] They are interested in African art. 2. What do we learn from this conversation? [A] Mr. Smith is the new manager. [B] The manager is a man.
公共英语三级真题2017年09月 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、SECTION Ⅰ Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 二、Part A(总题数：2，分数：10.00) （分数：5.00） (1).What does the woman want the man to do?（分数：1.00） A.Help plan a trip. B.Rent a car for her. √ C.Help repair her car. D.Take a trip with her. 解析：[听力原文] W: Mike, we"ll need to rent a car for our trip next week. Could you do that for us? M: Certainly. I need to know whether you want an ordinary car, a sport"s model, or a station wagon. W: Just the ordinary one. (2).Why is the woman upset?（分数：1.00） A.The boss criticized her. √ B.Lily quarreled with her. C.Her report was overdue. D.Her sales dropped sharply. 解析：[听力原文] M: Mary, you look upset. What"s wrong? W: Well, the boss was angry about my sales plan. M: Was it overdue, or something? W: It"s about the figures. I got some of them wrong. Lily gave me those figures, but I didn"t check them. (3).What is the woman going to do?（分数：1.00） A.Visit a client in New York. B.Meet a client at the airport. C.Revise a marketing report. √ D.Help the man with a report. 解析：[听力原文] W: Allen, do you know why our client hasn"t arrived yet? He was supposed to be here an hour ago. M: Well, his plane was delayed in New York. W: OK, now I have some extra time to revise my marketing report. (4).What do we know about the woman?（分数：1.00） A.She liked the lecture a lot. √ B.She was late for the lecture. C.She disagreed with Dr. Lee. D.She gave a lecture yesterday. 解析：[听力原文] W: Did you attend the lecture by Dr. Lee yesterday? M: Yes, I did. W: It was so great that we didn"t hear the bell. What did you think of it? M: It was amazing, but I can"t agree with him on some points. (5).What are the speakers talking about?（分数：1.00） A.How to cook and sew.
英语四级考试真题及答案(卷一完整 版) 范文： Writing：家长角色 There are several possible reasons accountable for this phenomenon(中心句). To begin with, family in growing numbers has only one child; therefore, parents oftentimes focus all their attentions on that child and exert much pressure on him or her(原因一). Moreover, numerous parents intend to realize their unfulfilled dreams by letting their children learn what they failed to learn and apply for the college by which they failed to be accepted, because they have become richer and they believe that they have the power to make what they wanted and want come true now(原因二). For instance, my uncle used to be a poor man and his dream that one day he would become a violinist was broken because of lack of money. But he made a fortune by selling coals, and then forced his son, my younger brother to practice playing violin. My brother was a huge fan of sports, but now he has to play violin everyday unwillingly and ofter quarrels with their parents(举例：原来-然后-结局). To sum up, it is unreasonable for parents to control their children’s life(总结句). In order to help them grow happily
第三季度院感培训试题 一、单选题： 1、经调查证实出现医院感染流行时，医院应于多少时间内报告当地卫生行政部门（） A、36小时 B、24小时 C、12小时 D、48小时 E、2小时 2、下述哪项不属于微生物（） A、病毒 B、支原体 C、细菌 D、衣原体 E、钩虫 3、潜伏病毒的激活感染是（） A、麻疹恢复期 B、隐性乙型脑炎病毒感染 C、乙型肝炎病毒携带者 D、单纯疱疹反复发作 E、慢性活动性肝炎 4、通过空调冷却水传播最常见的细菌是（） A、金黄色葡萄球菌 B、沙门氏菌 C、大肠杆菌 D、军团菌 E、棒状杆菌* 5、下述不属于灭菌剂是（） A、2%戊二醛 B、过氧乙酸 C、环氧乙烷 D、甲醛 E、含氯消毒剂 6、妊娠妇女不宜用的抗菌药物是（） A、青霉素 B、磷霉素 C、林可霉素 D、四环素 E、头孢菌素 7、不属于高危物品的是（） Ａ、腹腔镜Ｂ、导尿管Ｃ、体温表Ｄ、穿刺针Ｅ、手术器材 ８、下述各项中错误的是（） Ａ、小儿呼吸道感染不需要隔离Ｂ、医院污物应分类收集、分别处理，以防止污染扩散Ｃ、大面积烧伤或多重耐药菌感染应进行接触隔离Ｄ、洗手是预防医院感染的重要措施Ｅ、传染病区应严格划分清洁区、半污染区、污染区 ９、发生医院内尿路感染最常见的诱因是（） Ａ、长期卧床Ｂ、留置导尿管Ｃ、膀胱冲洗Ｄ、膀胱内注射Ｅ、膀胱镜检查 、 10、下列消毒剂中属于高水平消毒剂的有（） Ａ、戊二醛Ｂ、络合碘Ｃ、新洁尔灭Ｄ、乙醇Ｅ、碘酊 11、关于医院感染的概念错误的是（）
Ａ、入院时处于潜伏期的感染不是医院感染Ｂ、医院感染是指在医院内获得的感染Ｃ、慢性感染急性发作是医院感染Ｄ、与上次住院有关的感染是医院感染Ｅ、婴幼儿经胎盘获得的感染不是医院感染 12、医院感染主要发生在（） Ａ、门诊、急诊病人Ｂ、探视者Ｃ、医务人员Ｄ、住院病人Ｅ、陪护人员13、下列情况属于医院感染的是（） Ａ、在皮肤、粘膜开放性伤口只有细菌定植而无临床症状或体征者Ｂ、由损伤而产生的炎症或由非生物因子刺激产生的炎性反应Ｃ、婴儿经胎盘获得的感染：如ＣＭＶ、弓形虫发生在出生后４８小时以内者Ｄ、住院中由于治疗措施而激活的感染Ｅ、由于输注苏打外渗引起的局部炎性反应 14、医院污物的处理原则错误的是（） Ａ、防止污染扩散Ｂ、分类收集C、分别处理D、医疗垃圾与生活垃圾一同处理E、尽可能采用焚烧处理 《 15、目前国内医院感染最常发生的部位是（） A、泌尿道 B、外科切口 C、血液 D、下呼吸道 E、胃肠道 16、灭菌速度快、灭菌效果好、对经济、环境污染小的是（） A、环氧乙烷灭菌法 B、戊二醛浸泡灭菌法 C、辐射灭菌法 D、过氧乙酸浸泡灭菌法 E、压力蒸汽灭菌法 17、有关医院感染预防与控制的概念错误的是（） A、外源性感染是可以预防的 B、洗手是预防医院感染的重要措施 C、做好消毒隔离就可以杜绝医院感染的发生 D、内源性医院感染是可以预防的 E、滥用抗菌药物可致二重感染 18、有关抗生素管理下列哪项错误（） A把抗菌药物分成一线、二线药物，二线药物应控制使用B二线药物毒副作用大、价贵、疗效低C、在同类抗生素中应留有替代药物，在必要时再启用D、无药敏结果参考时，可按经验选药原则用药E、定期全院菌株的药敏统计结果公布，为临床用药与药剂科进药提供信息 19、治疗室的管理中下列哪项错误（）
2018年院感试题及答案【医院感染知识考试试题及答案】科室姓名评分 1、医院感染：人在医院内获得的感染，包括在住院期间发生的感染和在医院内获得出院后发生的感染，但不包括入院前已开始或者入院时已处于潜伏期的感染。医院工作人员在医院内获得的感染也属医院感染。 2、医院感染暴发：指在医疗机构或其科室的患者中，短时间内发生3例以上同种同源感染病例的现象。 3、卫生手消毒：医务人员用速手消毒剂揉搓双手，以减少手部暂居菌的过程。 4、空气传播：病原微生物的飞沫核( ≥5um)在空气中短距离(1米内)移动使易感人群的口、鼻粘膜或眼结膜等导致的传播。 5、接触传播：病原体通过手、媒介物直接或间接导致的传播。 1、医院感染的形式有五种：即交叉感染、环境感染、(自身感染)、(医源xing感染)和( 垂直感染 )。
2、大量证明，( 手卫生 )是控制院感最简单最有效的方法。 3、5例以上疑似医院感染暴发;3例以上医院感染暴发。应当于(12小时)内向所在地的县级人民政府卫生行政部门报告，并同时向所在地疾病预防控制机构报告。 4、医院感染必须具备三个条件是：(感染源)、(传播途径)、(易感宿主)。 5、凡手术进入呼吸道、消化道及泌尿生殖道但是无明显或异常污染，也无技术上失误的切口，称为(清洁-污染)切口。 6、手术前预防使用抗菌素的时机极为关键，应在切开皮肤(黏膜)前(30min )(麻醉诱导时)开始给药，以保证在发生细菌污染之前血清及组织中的药物已达到有效浓度(>MIC 90)。不应在病房给药，而应在(手术室 )给药。 7、新生儿禁用可影响新生儿生长发育的四环素类、(喹诺酮类)药物。 8、国家卫生部规定，医院感染发病率，一级医院
2017年公共英语三级考试写作基础练习 Success need cost, time is also a kind of cost, value of time is cost savings.以下是小编为大家搜索整理的2017年公共英语三级考试写作基础练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网! part 1 【考试题目】 中国传统 Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Prevalence of Western Holidays. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese： 1. 中国传统节日受到冷遇，西方节日日益升温已成为趋势 2. 形成这种现象的原因 3. 你对这种现象的态度 【参考译文】 The Prevalence of Western Holidays It is noticeable that western holidays are becoming increasingly popular day by day，while Chinese traditional holidays are being somewhat neglected. Old people often complain that Chinese New Year has lost its real meaning. To their astonishment，young people in China，ignorant about Chinese traditional holidays，are crazy about Christmas or Valentine‘s Day. There are several possible reasons for this phenomenon. First，western nations，such as the United States and Britain，are powerful and dominant in every aspect. Everything in these countries is assumed to be superior and adored by some modern young people. Second，the prevalence of English as a world language and the development of globalization enable western culture to flood in China. Overwhelmed by such a trend，Chinese unconsciously get involved in western culture. Last but not least，some Chinese people have blind faith in foreign things while dismiss our own possessions with contempt. I am critical of this trend. China boasts a brilliant history and splendid traditions. In modern times，Chinese tradition should be preserved and promoted. But it seems that young people no longer treasure the tradition. On the contrary，they turn to pursue enthusiastically a supposedly more modern culture. If this trend is allowed to continue，the priceless heritage of our ancestors will be replaced by western traditions. Nobody expects such a consequence. So let s join hand in hand to protect Chinese tradition. part 2 Writing A survey conducted in Tianjin found that 98% of high school students and 92% of elementary school students have to spend most of their weekends doing homework. Write an essay of about 120 words. You may include the following points: 1. Discuss the negative effects of too much homework on children. 2. Discuss the disadvantages of the present exam-oriented education system. 3. Call for efforts to ease students' burden and help them lead a colorful and enjoyable life. 「参考范文」 Too much homework has become a common complaint in high schools and elementary
精品文档 2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（完整版） 来源：文都教育 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time. 2. A) At Mary Johnson's. C) In an exhibition hall. B) At a painter's studio. D) Outside an art gallery. 3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience. B) She does not quite agree with what the man said. C) The man had better talk with the students himself. D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation. 4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.
、名词解释：每题4分，共20分 1、医院感染：人在医院内获得的感染，包括在住院期间发生的感染和在医院内获得出院后发生的感染，但不包括入院前已开始或者入院时已处于潜伏期的感染。医院工作人员在医院内获得的感染也属医院感染。 2、医院感染暴发：指在医疗机构或其科室的患者中，短时间内发生3例以上同种同源感染病例的现象。 3、卫生手消毒：医务人员用速手消毒剂揉搓双手，以减少手部暂居菌的过程。 4、空气传播：病原微生物的飞沫核（≥5um）在空气中短距离（1米内）移动使易感人群的口、鼻粘膜或眼结膜等导致的传播。 5、接触传播：病原体通过手、媒介物直接或间接导致的传播。 二、填空题：每空2分，共30分； 1、医院感染的形式有五种：即交叉感染、环境感染、（自身感染）、（医源性感染）和（垂直感染）。 2、大量实践证明，（手卫生）是控制院感最简单最有效的方法。 3、5例以上疑似医院感染暴发；3例以上医院感染暴发。应当于（12小时）内向所在地的县级人民政府卫生行政部门报告，并同时向所在地疾病预防控制机构报告。 4、医院感染必须具备三个条件是：（感染源）、（传播途径）、（易感宿主）。 5、凡手术进入呼吸道、消化道及泌尿生殖道但是无明显或异常污染，也无技术上失误的切口，称为（清洁－污染）切口。 6、手术前预防使用抗菌素的时机极为关键，应在切开皮肤(黏膜)前（30min ）(麻醉诱导时)开始给药，以保证在发生细菌污染之前血清及组织中的药物已达到有效浓度(>MIC 90)。不应在病房给药，而应在（手术室）给药。 7、新生儿禁用可影响新生儿生长发育的四环素类、（喹诺酮类）药物。 8、国家卫生部规定，医院感染发病率，一级医院（<7% ），二级医院<8%，三级医院<10%，各级医院感染漏报率≤20%。 9、病原微生物的微粒子（≤5um）通过空气流动导致疾病的传播，称为（空气传播）。 10、常用的头孢菌素血清半衰期为1～2h，如手术延长到（3小时）以上，或失血量超过1500m1，应补充一个剂量，必要时还可用第三次。 三、判断题：每题1分，共10分。 1、本次感染直接与上次住院有关,也属于医院感染。（√） 2、：污染－感染(IV类)切口指新鲜开放性创伤手术；手术进入急性炎症但未化脓区域者；被胃肠道内容物明显溢出污染者；术中无菌技术有明显缺陷（如开胸心脏按压）者。（×） 3、抗菌药物分为非限制使用、限制使用与特殊使用三类进行分级管理。（√） 4、手术病人常规预防性应用抗菌药物可有效预防手术切口感染的发生。（×） 5、普通感冒、麻疹、水痘等病毒性疾病常规预防性应用抗菌药物可有效预防继发感染的发 生。（×） 6、在盛装医疗废物前，应当对医疗废物包装物或容器进行认真检查，确保无破损，渗漏和其他缺陷。（√） 7、隔离的传染病病人产生的具有传染性的排泄物、分泌物、体液等应当严格消毒后排入污水处理系统。（√） 8、、当出现医院感染病例时,经治医生必须在24小时内填表,报告医院感染科。（√） 9、正常准备皮肤、有效控制血糖、合理使用抗菌药物、手术期间给患者保暖是预防手术部位感染的措施。（√） 10、术前预防使用抗菌药物，应静脉给药，1小时滴完，可放在大瓶液体内慢慢滴入。（×） 四、选择题：20分 （一）单项选择题： 1、被HBV阳性病人血液、体液污染的锐器刺伤,应在( )小时内注射乙肝免疫高价球蛋白, 同时进行血液乙肝标志物检查：C A、6小时；B、12小时；C、24小时；D、48小时。 2、您在日常医疗活动过程中产生的感染性废物、病理性废物，少量药物性废物的应当分别投入