[0209]《文字学》

西南大学网络与继续教育学院课程代码： 0209 学年学季：20192

单项选择题

1、下列人物不属于文字学家的是（）。

.王力

.唐兰

.陈梦家

.郭沫若

2、汉字演变的总趋势是（）。

.繁化

.简化

.讹化

.同化

3、“宴尔新昏，如兄如弟”中的“昏”与“婚”是（）。

.古今字

.通假字

.异体字

.繁简字

4、下列著作，研究金文的是（）。

.《三代吉金文存》

.《草字编》

.《说文解字》

.《文字学概要》

5、段玉裁的著作是（）。

.《说文解字注》

.《说文解字义证》

.《说文通训定声》

.《说文解字》

6、许慎是（）人。

.东汉

.西汉

.北宋

.清代

7、“果”是（）字。

.会意

.指事

.象形

.形声

8、“域”是（）字。

.会意

.形声

.指事

.象形

9、不属于今文字的是（）。

.隶书

.楷书

.章草

.小篆

10、“闻”是（）字。

.象形

.会意

.形声

.指事

11、“好”是（）字。

.象形

.会意

.形声

.指事

12、“国”是（）字。

.象形

.会意

.形声

.指事

13、“上”是（）字。

.会意

.形声

.指事

.象形

14、《说文解字》主要分析（）。

.小篆

.古文

.籀文

.重文

15、甲骨文是（）代的文字。

.商

.周

.商周

.夏

16、“问”是（）字。

.会意

.形声

.指事

.象形

17、“下”是（）字。

.会意

.指事

.形声

.象形

18、“武”是（）字。

.会意

.形声

.指事

.象形

19、“末”是（）字。

.指事

.象形

.会意

.形声

20、“舟”是（）字。

.会意

.象形

.指事

.形声

21、“花”是（）字。

.象形

.会意

.形声

.指事

22、“木”是（）字。

. E. 象形

. F. 会意

.形声

.指事

23、《说文解字》的作者是（）。

. A. 徐铉

. B. 段玉裁

. C. 许慎

. D. 顾野王

多项选择题

24、属于古文字的有（）。

.甲骨文

.金文

.隶书

.小篆

25、属于《说文》四大家的有（）。

.段玉裁

.徐铉

.许慎

.王筠

判断题

26、《汉语文字学概论》的作者是裘锡圭。

. A.√

. B.×

27、“舟”是象形字。

. A.√

. B.×

28、“西”是象形字。

. A.√

. B.×

29、“逐”是会意字。

. A.√

. B.×

30、“末”是指事字。

. A.√

. B.×

31、甲骨文里假借字很多，所以汉字是表音文字。

. A.√

. B.×

32、“尘”是会意字。

. A.√

. B.×

33、“大”是会意字。

. A.√

. B.×

34、“问”是从口，门声的形声字。

. A.√

. B.×

35、金文是铸或刻写的。

. A.√

. B.×

36、隶书是古今文字的分水岭。

. A.√

. B.×

37、“元”的本义是人头。

. A.√

. B.×

38、“本”是会意字。

. A.√

. B.×

39、《说文解字义证》是段玉裁的著作。

. A.√

. B.×

40、《玉篇》是司马光的著作。

.A.√

. B.×

41、许慎对会意字的定义是“以事为名，取譬相成”。

. A.√

. B.×

42、汉字起源于八卦是比较合理的说法。

. A.√

. B.×

43、由于汉字可以表达一定的意义，所以比表音文字优越。

. A.√

. B.×

44、汉字拼音化是必然的趋势，不可改变。

. A.√

. B.×

45、文字具有记录功能，而汉字本身可以体现一定的意义，所以汉字是一种语言。

. A.√

. B.×

46、甲骨文时代，人们只用甲骨来书写记录事务。

. A.√

. B.×

47、汉字起源于三千年前的甲骨文。

. A.√

. B.×

48、唐兰先生提出过三书说。

. A.√

. B.×

49、《三代吉金文存》是唐兰的著作。

. A.√

. B.×

50、《说文解字注》是王筠的著作。

. A.√

. B.×

51、《说文解字》的作者许慎是西汉人。

. A.√

. B.×

52、文字的发展是杂乱无章的，没有规律可言。

. A.√

. B.×

53、汉字简化是错误的。

. A.√

. B.×

54、汉字要拼音化。

. A.√

. B.×

55、“西”是指事字。

. A.√

. B.×

56、汉字属于表意文字，不太优越。

. A.√

. B.×

57、“天”的本义是指人头。

. A.√

. B.×

58、“明”是会意字。

. A.√

. B.×

59、甲骨文比金文古老。

. A.√

. B.×

60、“一”是象形字。

. A.√

. B.×

主观题

61、一、分析汉字的结构。

1.文

2.院

3.秉

4.承

5.含

6.光

7.往

8.来

9.校

10.训

11.和

12.牛

13.特

14.西

15.行

16.天

17.下

18.精

19.神

20.几

21.人

22.薪

23.火

24.结

25.构

26.理

27.工

28.作

29.资

30.力

31.果

32.在

33.牧

34.有

35.手

36.足

37.字

38.元

39.口

40.羊

41.云

42.雨

43.河

44.江

45.武

46.步

47.册

48.虫

49.山

50.一

二、名词解释。

1.文字

2.六书说

3.文字学

4.小学

5.古文字

6.今文字

三、论述题。

1.谈谈你对汉字起源的认识。

2.谈谈你对汉字前途的认识。

3.举例说明形声字产生的途径。

参考答案：

1.象形<\ p="">

3.会意<\ p="">

5.形声<\ p="">

7.形声<\ p="">

9.形声<\ p="">

11.形声<\ p="">

13.形声<\ p="">

15.象形<\ p="">

17.指事<\ p="">

19.形声<\ p="">

21.象形<\ p="">

23.象形<\ p="">

25.形声<\ p="">

27.象形<\ p="">

29.形声<\ p="">

31.象形<\ p="">

33.会意<\ p="">

35.象形<\ p="">

37.形声<\ p="">

39.象形<\ p="">

41.象形<\ p="">

43.形声<\ p="">

45.会意<\ p="">

47.象形<\ p="">

49.象形<\ p="">

50.指事

二、名词解释。<\ b="">1.文字是记录语言的工具，是最重要的辅助交际系统。

2.六书说指许慎在《说文解字》里定义的汉字的六种造字方法：指事，象形，会意，形声，转

4.小学是我国古代关于汉语言文字学的术语，包括文字学、训诂学、音韵学。

6.今文字指秦隶以后的字体，包括隶书，草书、行书、楷书。

1.答案要点：

（1）汉字起源有很多传说，影响比较大的有结绳记事说，八卦说，仓颉造字说，这些说法是于6000年前，成熟于4000年前；（3）汉字来源于图画与刻画符号。

2.汉字不是低级文字；文字发展三阶段说是错误的；汉字时成熟而有生命力的文字；表音文字

分为二的看待；汉字的前途应该让历史来回答，不应该人为规定；目前看不出汉字被拼音文字取

3.（1）表意字上加注音符。例：?简化字作鸡，鸡的初文是象物字，加注了音符“奚”，象鸡的

（2）表意字字形上部分改换成音符。例：何是负荷的“荷”的本字，何的表意初文象人肩荷一声字。

（3）在已有文字上加注意符。

a.为明确假借意而加意符。例：师，本当师众讲，汉代假借它表示狮子，后来加注犬旁分化出

b.为明确引申义而加意符。例：“取”字引申有娶妻的意思，后加注“女”旁分化出“娶”字表示这

c.为明确本义而加意符。例：“它”是“蛇”的初文，“蛇”为了明确“它”的本意，在本字上加注意

（4）改换形声字偏旁。例：振起的“振”有赈济的意思，后来就把“振”字的“手”旁改成“贝”旁

（5）意音合成。例如：镁，由意符“金”和声符“美”直接组合而成。

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