Module 7 Summer in Los Angeles I. Teaching goals 模块教学目标
II. Teaching material analyzing 教材分析
本模块以“Summer in LA”为话题,语言功能是谈论夏季课程。引导学生展开一系列听、说、读、写的语言实践活动。从而掌握名词做主语时的主谓一致
这一语法现象。本模块从学生的好奇心理和兴趣入手,导入课程。
Unit1 介绍因为获奖,而获得了到洛杉矶旅游和上一个英文课程的机会。同时通过听、读、说训练,让学生初步学习名词做主语时的主谓一致这一语法现象。
Listening and vocabulary
Activity 1通过对直观图片的有关问题的问和答,引起学生的好奇和兴趣,学会读、拼写方框中的新单词。Activity 2通过听的方式,让学生进一步掌握新单词。Activity 3听读一段对话,了解因为获奖,而获得了到洛杉矶旅游和上一个英文课程的情况,激发学生学习的积极性,并初步了解名词做主语时主谓一致这一语法现象。Activity 4根据对话完成表格,听对话录音核对答案进一步掌握对话内容。Activity 5找出能表明所说内容的句子,进一步加强对对话的理解。Activity 6 要求根据对话回答问题。
Pronunciation and speaking
Activity 7听录音,学习句中意群之间的停顿。Activity 8 利用Activity 4中的信息,谈论对话中四个人的情况并进一步练习名词做主语时的主谓一致这一语法现象。Activity 9制定并谈论去LA 的计划。
Unit 2 则介绍了在洛杉矶上英语课程的一些情况。本单元要求学生通过读、写训练,从阅读材料中获取有关在洛杉矶上英语课程的一些情况的信息,训练阅读技巧。
Reading and vocabulary
Activity 1要求学生开展双人活动,通过问答学习下一活动的文章中出现的一些生词,以降低下一活动中阅读的难度,亦可猜测出文章的内容。Activity 2 要求学生阅读文章选择最佳答案。Activity 3 要求学生给这篇文章的每个自然段选择一个相应的标题。Activity 4 要求学生根据对话运用所给的单词回答问题。Activity 5假设自己参加一个夏季课程,要求学生根据自己的信息和计划填写表格。
Writing
Activity 6&7是写作练习。Activity 6 要求为学汉语的学生想一个课程,列出提纲;Activity 7 要求根据提纲成文。
Unit 3是对名词做主语时主谓一致这一语法,及参加夏季课程这一话题的综合练习。Activity 1、3、5是对名词做主语时主谓一致这一语法的练习。Activity 2、6 是对本模块词汇的练习。Activity 4是个口语练习,要求学生想象一个夏季课程并就参加夏季课程的情况进行问答。Activity 7-8 听录音选择正确的答案。Activity 9-11写一篇关于参加夏季课程的文章。
Around the world主要介绍了美国和加拿大的夏令营的一些情况。
Module task要求学生开一个夏季课程班级讨论会,写出计划,参加讨论,得出结论。
III.Class types and periods 课型设计与课时分配
Period 1 Listening and speaking
Period 2 Reading and writing
Period 3 Language in use
Period 4 Integrating skills
IV. Teaching plans for each period分课时教案
Period 1 Listening and speaking
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Language goals 语言目标
a.Key vocabulary 重点词汇和短语
accommodation shorts vacation silly memory host sunglasses trousers guest course host headteacher studio make progress with fill in check in a bit tight welcome to our school prize-giving give a warm welcome to somebody be pleased to do present the prizes fly to be free pocket money do an English course the host family at the airport
b.Key sentences 重点句子
1. Your hair looks nice! And you look smart!
2.My new trousers are a bit tight..
3.The whole class is just behind us.
4.Welcome to…
5.Your travel is free, your accommodation is with American families, and your
pocket money is 100 dollars each.
6.Lingling and Daming are doing an English class.
7.It starts on 1st August and your host family is meeting you at the airport.
8.Please give a warm welcome to…
9.So, finally…
10.The good news is…
11.You?re coming to watch Crazy Feet record its latest CD.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable students to listen to and understand the sentences about describing the course.
Enable students to talk about the course which they are going to have.
Enable the students to master the agreement of subject and predicate in the sentences which they are using to describe the course which they are going to have.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to talk about the course which they are going to have. Help the students learn how to make the agreement of subject and predicate. Teaching methods 教学方法
Listening and speaking.
Teaching important/difficult points教学重难点
How to talk about a summer course.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A tape recorder, a projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式
StepⅠWarming up and lead-in
In this procedure, help the students to revise something old and ask some questions to lead in the new lesson.
T: This is the last module in this term. That means we?ll have only a few weeks before the winter holidays begin. Do you remember that last term we learned Sally spent some time off with Lingling and Lingling?s uncle in Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area during the May Day holiday, and they had a wonderful time there. Tony went to Australia in December and he went to Ayers Rock—Uluru. It?s the centre of Aboriginal culture. He also went on a camel ride, and the camel that he rode had a bad temper. He had a wonderful time, too. Before starting the new lesson, I?d like to ask you some questions.
T: Were you busy last vacation?
Ss: Yes.
T: Let me guess. Were you doing some courses during the last vocation?
Ss: Yes, we were very tired.
T: Have you had any plans for your next vacation?
Ss: No, we haven’t yet.
T: Do you know how other people spend their vacation?
Ss: No, we don’t.
T: Do you want to know?
Ss: Of course, we do.
T: Now, I show you some interesting pictures in which you can see Lingling and Daming. Can you guess where they are going and how they are going there? (The teacher shows some pictures to the students.)
Ss: They are going to Los Angeles by plane.
T: Yes, they are going to live with an American family for some time. Why are they
going there?
Ss: We don’t know. But we want to know the reason.
T: OK! Let?s come to Unit 1.
Step ⅡListening and vocabulary learning
Vocabulary learning
In this procedure, students will learn some new words in Activity 1.
The pencil in the hand is short. (adj.) The shorts are new. (n)
They are having an interesting course. The little monkey looks silly. The teacher shows some pictures to the students to help them learn the new words in Activity 1 like this.
T: Now, we have known the meaning of the words in the box. It?s time for you to ask and answer the questions in Activity 1. In the picture, there are many people. Where are they? And what are they doing? Look, think and say.
The sample answers:
1. I think they are at the airport.
2. They are waiting for the plane. Some are sitting in the seats, some are saying goodbye to their friends and relatives and some are exchanging money.
3. Some are wearing T-shirts and jeans, some are wearing shorts and some girls are wearing skirts.
4. Maybe they will travel to a place.
Listening
In this step, students will listen to the tape and answer the questions.
The teacher can play the tape the first time for the students to listen and to grasp the keys to the questions in the recording. Then play the tape for the students again to listen and check their answers. The students should try to find the answers and improve the listening skills. The teacher plays the tape recorder for students a third time and check the answers with the whole class. Finally, play the tape once more and pause after each phrase, asking the students to repeat chorally and individually to help the students learn and use the new words.
Step ⅢListening and reading
In this procedure, ask students to listen to the conversation and complete the table in Activity 4. Then let them read the conversation and finish Activity 5 and Activity 6. Listening
In this procedure, first students should remember the items in the table in Activity 4 and then close their books, listening to a dialogue among Tony, Daming, Lingling, Betty, the head teacher and Becky Wang.
T: Listen to the recording carefully, and you will hear that Becky Wang presenting the prizes that Lingling and Daming are flying to Los Angeles and Betty and Tony are going to watch Crazy Feet record its latest CD. Please listen to the recording carefully and complete the table in Activity 4.
The sample answers to Activity 4:
1.Special prize: going to LA
2.Travel: free
3.Accommodation: with American families
4.Pocket money: 100 dollars each
5.Course: doing an English course
6.Recording: watching Crazy Feet record its latest CD
Play the recording a second time for students to listen and check. Check the answers with the whole class.
Reading
In this procedure, students should open their books on page 96 and read the dialogue carefully to find the answers to Activity 5 and Activity 6.
T: Now, please read the dialogue carefully in groups of four and find sentences which suggest the information in Activity 5.
Then the teacher checks the answers with the whole class.
The sample answers to Activity 5:
1. The four students want to look their best.
Are you OK, Betty? Your hair looks nice! And you look smart, Daming.
2. Tony is a little nervous.
Everyone is watching us. The whole class is just behind us.
3. The head teacher likes Crazy Feet.
The group is very popular—everyone in my family is a huge fun!
4. Becky Wang has good memories of the school days.
As a pupil, my time here was very important…
5. Tony wants to look cool at the recording studio.
But I haven’t got anything to wear! And my jeans are too small. My sunglasses are very old.
T: Now, it?s time to explain some language points. Please take good notes.
1. Welcome to…欢迎来到……
2.Give a warm welcome to…热烈欢迎……
3.Present prizes: 颁奖
4.Host family: 寄宿家庭
Step ⅣPair work
Ask the students to do Activity 6 in pairs. One student asks the questions and the other student answers, and then let them exchange. All these questions are the questions about the new words in Unit1. Ask the students to pay more attention to the Agreement of Subject and Predicate, and the incline words in each sentence. Pay attention to the verb forms after a collective noun and an uncountable noun.
The sample answers are:
S1:What does accommodation include?
S2: Accommodation includes a bed and meals.
S2:What?s the difference between jeans, trousers and shorts?
S1: “Jeans”means “niuzaiku”, “trousers”means “changku”and “shorts”means “duanku”.
S3:What is the news Becky Wang tells Betty and Tony?
S4: The news is that Betty and Tony are coming to watch Crazy Feet record its latest CD.
S4:How big is a class in your school?
S3: About 30-40 students. (Students’ own answer)
S5:How big is a typical family in China?
S6: About 3 people in a typical family in China. (Students’ own answer)
S6:What color is your hair?
S5: Black. (Students’ own answer)
S7:What money is used in the USA?
S8: The money used in the USA is US dollars.
Step ⅤPronunciation and speaking
Pronunciation
In this procedure, students should listen and repeat. The teacher corrects the pronunciation mistakes.
T: This activity focuses on sense groups. When you read these sentences, you should have a pause between each sense group.
1. Play the recording once without stopping.
2. Play the recording again and stop at the end of each sense group. Ask the whole
class to repeat.
3. Ask the students to practice reading in groups of four. One reads and the others
listen and check the pronunciation mistakes together at last.
Speaking
T: Please do Activity 8 in pairs to talk about what Betty, Tony, Lingling and Daming are going to do in LA. The notes in Activity 4 may help you.
Sample:
They are going to LA. They fly to LA at the beginning of August. Their travel is free,
their accommodation is with American families, and their pocket money is 100 dollars each. Lingling and Daming are doing an English course. Betty and Tony are going to watch Crazy Feet record its latest CD.
T: We have talked about other s? plans. Now, please make notes about your own plans and talk about them with another group. Do Activity 9.
Sample:
--How long will you stay in LA?
--We’re spending a week in LA.
--What will you do in Los Angeles?
--We’re doing an English course and doing some sightseeing.
--How long will the course last?
-- It’ll last 5 days.
--How long will the class last each day?
--The class will last for four hours a day.
--What will you learn in the course?
--We’ll learn about American culture.
--What will you do in your free time?
--I’ll go to visit some friends.
-- Where will you go to do some sightseeing?
--We’ll take trips to Hollywood and Disneyland, and we’ll go to some shopping centers…
StepⅥHomework
1.Ask students to learn the vocabulary on pages 191-192 by heart.
2.Ask students to finish Activities 1—3 on pages100-101.
3.Read the dialogue again and again
Period 2 Reading and writing
Teaching goals 教学目标
1.Language goals 语言目标
a. Key vocabulary重点词汇和短语
passage progress make progress well-trained experienced arrange various organize application form fill in place of interest
b. Key sentences重点句子
We provide summer English courses which are the best you can find.
We provide weekly tests to see the progress you?re making with your language skills of reading, writing, speaking and listening.
Many families create friendships with the students which last a long time.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable students to get information about learning English in LA from the reading material. Enable students to write about a course for students learning Chinese in their town or city. Enable students to have a class discussion about summer course.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to find the important information in the reading material and how to write about a course for students learning Chinese in their town or city.
Teaching important/difficult points教学重难点
Learn to talk and write about a summer language course
How to make the subject agree with the predicate.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Listening, speaking and reading.
Teaching aids教具准备
A tape recorder, a computer and a projector.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
Step Ⅰ Revision and lead-in
T: In Unit1 we learned that Lingling and Daming got a special prize that they were flying to Los Angeles! Do you remember something about them? Please answer the following questions.
T: What does their travel need to pay? Why or why not?
S1: They need to pay nothing. Because the travel is free.
T: Who will they live with?
S2: They will live with American families.
T: How much is their pocket money?
S3:Their pocket money is 100 dollars each.
T: What course are they doing?
S4:They are doing an English course.
T: When will the course start?
S5: The course will start on August 1st.
T: Who is meeting them at the airport?
S6: Their host family is meeting them at the airport.
T: Do you want to know the details about learning English in LA?
Ss: Yes, we do.
T: The same to me. In this class let?s get to know more about learning English in Los Angeles together.
StepⅡVocabulary and reading
Vocabulary
In this procedure, students should open their books and turn to page 98. Get the students look at the photos in Activity 1 individually and try to describe the photos. T: Please open your books and turn to page98. Do Activity1. Look at the photos and say what you can see. You can use the words in the box to help you.
In this procedure, the teacher doesn?t need to check the answers with the students. It doesn?t matter whether the students can describe the photos exactly or not.
Ask the students to read the passage in Activity 2 and check their answers to Activity 1 by themselves.
The sample answers:
Picture 1: They are doing a course in the classroom.
Picture 2: They are a family. / You can live with an American family. / You can have
a meal with an American family.
Picture 3: You can take a trip to Hollywood Disneyland after class in Los Angeles.
Picture 4: The famous beaches around LA.
Reading comprehension
Students should scan the passage and read the passage as quickly as possible. Complete Activity 2: Read the passage and choose the best answer. Ask the students to do this individually.
Sample answer: b
Ask the students to read the passage carefully this time and find the right title for each paragraph.
T: Boys and girls, this time, you need to read the passage carefully and match the titles given with the paragraphs.
Give the students some time so that they can find the right titles.
T: Have you finished? I will ask some of you.
Ss: Go ahead!
T: The first paragraph. Who can tell me the answer?
S1: a “Teaching”
T: Right. The second is...
S2: c “Accommodation and food”
T: OK! The third paragraph is about...
S3: b “Sightseeing and other activities”.
T: The title of the fourth paragraph is...
S4: e “Why our students enjoy themselves”.
T: Good! The last is d “More details”.
After that, the students should skim the passage and get some details in the passage, and find out the sentences which can describe the photos on page98.
Language Points:
1.You will enjoy coming to Los Angeles to learn about American culture and
improve your English at the same time.
at the same time: at once; together 同时;一起
2. They start at the beginning of July and August.
at the beginning of: 在……的开始
3. We provide weekly tests to see the progress you are making with your language
skills of reading, writing, speaking and listening.
make progress: advance or development, especially towards a better state. 取得进步,进展
4.You live with an American family, and take part in American life.
take part in: join; be a member of…参加;成为……的一员。
5.Please fill in our application form …
fill in an application form: write one?s name and other details required. 填写申请表
6.The course must be paid for one month before it begins.
pay for: give somebody money (for goods, services, etc.) 付钱给(某人)(作为货物、服务等的费用)
StepⅢPair work
In this procedure, ask the students to read the questions in Activity 4 carefully before answering. Then ask and answer the questions in pairs. One student asks and the other student answers. After practicing, they should exchange the role to help them understand the passage better.
Sample answers:
S1: What do you learn about in an English summer course?
S2: I learn about American culture In an English summer course.
S1: Why are there weekly tests?
S2: There are weekly tests to see the progress we’re making with our language skills. S1: What are language skills?
S2: Language skills are reading, writing, speaking and listening.
S1: Are the books you use in class free?
S2: No. Students have to pay for the books
S1: Why do students live with an American family?
S2: Living with an American family, students can take part in American life and learn
about American culture better.
S1: What do you have to do if you are interested in a course?
S2: If I’m interested in a course, I have to fill in an application form.
T: Well done! I hope you could often practice like this. Now, the application form is in Activity 5. Imagine you?re planning to attend a summer course in Los Angeles. Complete the form with your details and your choices. Or you can help Lingling or Daming complete the form.
Sample answers:
T: After filling the form, I also want you to have a role play. Work in pairs: one acts as the person who wants to take part in the course, and the other acts as the one who is in charge of the activity.
Step IV Writing
In this procedure, students should think about a course for students learning Chinese. They should make notes on the topics in Activity 6 first. Then they should write about the course according to the notes they made. If the students have some difficulty doing the activity, they can finish it with the help of the passage in Activity 2. Sample answer:
We provide summer Chinese course which are the best you can find. You will enjoy coming to Beijing to learn about Chinese culture and improve your Chinese at the same time. There are four hours of classes a day. It lasts for 2 months. You can live
either with the students in the dormitory in our university or in a hotel near our university. There are many things to do in Beijing. For example, you can take trips to the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace or many other places of interest in Beijing. All our students have a wonderful time learning Chinese in our university and they say our summer Chinese course is fantastic.
Step V Homework
1.Do Activities 4-6 on pages101-10
2.
2.Finish the other activities in the workbook.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4f2251700.html,plete the passage about Chinese course in our city.
Period 3 Language in use
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Language goals 语言目标
a. Key words & phrases重点生词和短语
check in book baggage straight be away by the end of go straight
b. Key sentences重点句子
I wish my whole family were here with me!
It is the first time they are away from their families.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable students to have a class discussion about summer courses.
Enable students to use the Agreement of Subject and Predicate correctly.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to make the subject agree with the predicate correctly Teaching important/difficult points
教学重难点
Learn the Agreement of Subject and Predicate.
Learn to have a class discussion about summer courses.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Writing and speaking.
Teaching aids教具准备
A computer and a projector.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
StepⅠRevision and lead-in
In this procedure, students should read the sentences in Language practice. Make sure they understand the sentences and they can say the sentences correctly. Let the students pay much attention to the verb form in each sentence.
Step II Language practice
Grammar
In this procedure, students should learn something on Agreement of Subject and Predicate.
T: The Agreement of Subject and Predicate is important and a little difficult. But after the clear explanation, it will be easy for you. Please listen to me carefully.
主谓一致
所谓主谓一致,就是指谓语动词的数的形式要与主语的数一致。主语表复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式;主语表单数时谓语要用第三人称单数形式。
1.由两个相同部分组成的一件物品做主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
My new trousers are a bit tight.
Your socks are on your bed.
2. a pair 可指由两个相同部分组成的一件物品,或一起使用的两个相同的物
品。 a pair of 后面的名词一般为复数,谓语动词的数与pair 的数一致。
Today a pair of sports shoes is very expensive.
How much is this pair (of shoes)? How much are they?
3.连词连接两个并列成分时。
(1)both… and…“两者都”,谓语动词用复数形式。
Both you and me are good students.
(2)as well as“以及,也,”谓语动词的数与as well as 前面那个词的数一致。
The teacher as well as his students likes the movie.
(3)not only… but also…“不仅……而且……”谓语动词的数与but also后面的那个词的数一致。
Not only you but also your brother likes the trousers.
(4)either…or…“要么……要么……”谓语动词的数与or后面的那个词的数一致。
Either you or she has to go there.
(5)Neither…nor…“既不……也不……,两者都不”谓语动词的数与nor 后面的那个词的数一致。
Neither the twins nor he is right.
4.代词做主语时。
(1) every, each, either, no+单数名词做主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单
数形式。
Every girl wants to look beautiful.
No one knows all their names.
(2)all 表复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式;all 表单数时,谓语动词要用动词的第三人称单数形式。
All planets do not have a satellite.
All is not gold that glitters.
5.表示金钱、时间、距离等的名词做主语时,作为一定的数量表复数;作为
一个整体表单数。
Five million dollars have been raised to help the refugees.
Five million dollars is a large amount of money.
Ten years have passed.
Ten years is just a tiny part of human history.
6.集合名词做主语时,表具体成员做复数;表一个整体作单数。
His family is from Canada.
My family are good singers.
(常见的集合名词有:class, population, group, team)
7. here, there 引导的倒装句,谓语动词数应与倒装的主语的数一致。
Here you are.
Here comes the bus!
There goes the bell. Let?s go into the classroom.
There they are!
8.there be 句型。在该句型中,当有两个或两个以上的名词时,单、复数随相邻的名词的数变化。这称为相邻(或就近)原则。
There are two eggs and some bread on the plate.
There is some bread and two eggs on the plate.
9.复数形式但是单述内容的名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
The news is surprising.
Maths is an important subject.
T: We have got some details about the grammar point. Are you clear?
Ss: Yes, we have.
T: Good! Now, let?s do some exercises connected with the grammar point.
Check the answers with the whole class.
Sample answers: (Page 100-102)
Practice the Agreement of Subject and Predicate.
Activity1.(1) has (2)was (3)eat (4)are enjoying (5)is
(6) want (7)is (8)has (9)is (10)are
Activity3.(1). My favorite music group is
(2). Our family lives…
(3). The name of one of my best friends is…
(4). Our class is going to have …
(5). I support …, because they are very strong.
知识点总结 第一章三角形全等 一、全等三角形的定义 1、全等三角形: 能够完全重合的两个三角形叫做全等三角形。 2、理解: (1)全等三角形形状与大小完全相等,与位置无关; (2)一个三角形经过平移、翻折、旋转后得到的三角形,与原三角形仍然全等; (3)三角形全等不因位置发生变化而改变。 二、全等三角形的性质 1、全等三角形的对应边相等、对应角相等。 理解: (1)长边对长边,短边对短边;最大角对最大角,最小角对最小角;(2)对应角的对边为对应边,对应边对的角为对应角。 2、全等三角形的周长相等、面积相等。 3、全等三角形的对应边上的对应中线、角平分线、高线分别相等。 三、全等三角形的判定 1、边角边公理(SAS)有两边和它们的夹角对应相等的两个三角形全等。 2、角边角公理(ASA)有两角和它们的夹边对应相等的两个三角形全等。 3、推论(AAS)有两角和其中一角的对边对应相等的两个三角形全等。 4、边边边公理(SSS) 有三边对应相等的两个三角形全等。
5、斜边、直角边公理(HL)有斜边和一条直角边对应相等的两个直角三角形全等。 四、证明两个三角形全等的基本思路 1、已知两边: (1)找第三边(SSS); (2)找夹角(SAS); (3)找是否有直角(HL)。 2、已知一边一角: (1)找一角(AAS或ASA); (2)找夹边(SAS)。 3、已知两角: (1)找夹边(ASA); (2)找其它边(AAS)。 第二章轴对称 一、轴对称图形 相对一个图形的对称而言;轴对称是关于直线对称的两个图形而言。 二、轴对称的性质 1、轴对称图形的对称轴是任何一对对应点所连线段的垂直平分线。 2、如果两个图形关于某条直线对称,那么对称轴是任何一对对应点所连的线段的垂直平分线。 三、线段的垂直平分线 1、性质定理:线段垂直平分线上的点到线段两个端点的距离相等。 2、判定定理:到线段两个端点距离相等的点在这条线段的垂直平分线上。
盐城景山中学八年级 数学试卷 一、选择题(每题3分,共8题,共24分) 1.下列表情中,是轴对称图形的是() A.B.C.D. 2.2的算术平方根是() A.2 B.±2 C.D.± 3.在实数﹣、、、中,无理数的个数是() A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 4.如图,AB、CD相交于点E.若△AEC≌△BED,则下列结论中不正确的是() A.AC=BD B.AC∥BD C.E为CD中点D.∠A=∠D 5.下列各组数是勾股数的是() A.32,42,52 B.1.5,2,2.5 C.6,8,10 D.,,6.到三角形三边的距离都相等的点是三角形的() A.三条角平分线的交点B.三条边的中线的交点 C.三条高的交点D.三条边的垂直平分线的交点 7.已知等腰三角形的腰长为10,一腰上的高为6,则以底边为边长的正方形的面积为() A.40 B.80 C.40或360 D.80或360 8.如图,在△ABC中,AC=BC,∠ACB=90°,点D、E在AB上,将△ACD、△BCE分别沿CD、CE翻折,点A、B分别落在点A′、B′的位置,再将△A′CD、△B′CE分别沿A′C、B′C翻折,点D与点E恰好重合于点O,则∠A ′OB′的度数是()
A .90° B .120° C .135° D .150° 二、填空题(每题3分,共10题,共30分) 9.9的平方根是 ,计算:= . 10.已知等腰三角形的一个底角为70°,则它的顶角为 度. 11.已知三角形ABC 中∠C=90°,AC=3,BC=4,则斜边AB 上的高为 . 12.若的值在两个整数a 与a+1之间,则a= . 13.在镜子中看到时钟显示的时间是,实际时间是 . 14.已知|x ﹣12|+|z ﹣13|与y 2﹣10y+25互为相反数,则以x 、y 、z 为三边 的三角形是 三角形. 15.如图,已知∠BAC=∠DAC ,请添加一个条件: ,使△ABC ≌△ADC (写出一个即可). 16.如图所示,折叠长方形的一边AD ,使点D 落在边BC 的点F 处,已知AB=8cm ,BC=10cm ,则EC 的长为 cm . 17.如图,在△ABC 中,∠B 与∠C 的平分线交于点O ,过点O 作DE ∥BC ,分别交AB 、AC 于点D 、E .若AB=9,AC=7,则△ADE 的周长是______. 18.如图,四边形ABCD 中,∠BAD=120°,∠B=∠D=90°,在BC 、CD 上分别找一点M 、N ,使△AMN 周长最小,此时∠MAN 的度数为______°. 第15 题 第16 题 第17 题 第18 题 三、解答题(共66分) 19.(4分)()()22316338- +--
2014—2015八年级数学第一学期 期末模拟试卷(五) (时间:100分钟;满分:150分) 一、选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题有且只有一个答案正确,每小题3分,共24分) A B .2 C D .±2 2.2013年12月2日,“嫦娥三号”从西昌卫星发射中心发射升空,并于12月14日在月球上成功实施软着陆.月球距离地球平均为384401000米,用四舍五入法取近似值,精确到1000000米,并用科学计数法表示,其结果是 ············································ ··················································· ( ) A .3.84×107米 B .3.8×107米 C .3.84×108米 D .3.8×108米 3.在实数:213.,π?22 7 中,无理数的个数有 ········································· ( ) A .1个 B .2个 C .3个 D .4个 4.在平面直角坐标系中,点P (3,?5)在 ··························································· ( ) A .第一象限 B .第二象限 C .第三象限 D .第四象限 5.如图是一个风筝设计图,其主体部分(四边形ABCD )关于BD 所在的直线对称,AC 与BD 相交于点O ,且AB ≠AD ,则下列判断不正确的是 ································································· ( ) A .△ABD ≌△CBD B .△ABC 是等边三角形 C .△AOB ≌△COB D .△AOD ≌△COD 6.一次函数y =kx b ,当k <0,b <0时,它的图象大致为 ····························· ( ) 7.如图,正方形网格中,已有两个小正方形被涂黑,再将图中其余小正方形涂黑一个,使整个被涂黑的图案构成一个轴对称图形,那么涂法共有 ···································· ················· ········ ( ) A .3 种 B .4种 C .5种 D .6种 8.某物流公司的快递车和货车同时从甲地出发,以各自的速度匀速向乙地行驶,快递车到达乙地后卸完物 品再另装货物共用3 4 h ,立即按原路以另一速度返回,直至与货车相遇.已知货车的速度为60km/h ,两 车之间的距离y (km )与货车行驶时间x (h )之间的函数图象如图所示,现有以下4个结论: ①快递车到达乙地时两车相距120km ; ②甲、乙两地之间的距离为300km ; ③快递车从甲地到乙地的速度为100km/h ; 第7题 第5题 A B C D h 第8题
苏科版八年级数学上 期末测试题(Word 版 含答案) 一、选择题 1.在平面直角坐标系中,把直线34y x =-+沿x 轴向左平移2个单位长度后,得到的直线函数表达式为( ) A .31y x =-+ B .32y x =-+ C .31y x =-- D .32y x =-- 2.变量x 、y 有如下的关系,其中y 是x 的函数的是( ) A .28y x = B .||y x = C .1y x = D .412 x y = 3.7的平方根是( ) A .±7 B .7 C .-7 D .±7 4.如图,两个一次函数图象的交点坐标为(2,4),则关于x ,y 的方程组111222 , y k x b y k x b =+??=+?的 解为( ) A .2,4x y =??=? B .4, 2x y =??=? C .4, 0x y =-??=? D .3,0x y =??=? 5.下列四个实数中,属于无理数的是( ) A .0 B .9 C . 23 D .12 6.下列各组数不是勾股数的是( ) A .3,4,5 B .6,8,10 C .4,6,8 D .5,12,13 7.在平面直角坐标系中,把直线34y x =-+沿x 轴向左平移2个单位长度后,得到的直线函数表达式为( ) A .31y x =-+ B .32y x =-+ C .31y x =-- D .32y x =-- 8.点P (1,﹣2)关于y 轴对称的点的坐标是( ) A .(1,2) B .(﹣1,2) C .(﹣1,﹣2) D .(﹣2,1) 9.在△ABC 中,∠C =90°,∠B =60°,下列说法中,不一定正确的是( )
八年级数学期中测试题 一、选择题:(每小题3分,共30分) 1、下列调查方式,合适的是() A、要了解一批洗衣机的使用寿命,采用普查方式 B、要了广州市电视台“今日关注”栏目的收视率,采用普查方式 C、要保证核发电机的正常运转,对重要零部件的检查采用抽查方式 D、要了解市民对“广州市BRT快速公交”的满意度,采用抽查方式 2、如图是60篇学生调查报告进行整理,画出的 频数分布直方图.已知从左到右4个小组的频 率(频数与数据总数的比为频率)分别是0.15, 0.40,0.30,0.15,那么在这次评比中被评为 优秀(分数大于或等于80分为优秀,且分数为 整数)的调查报告有( ) A.18篇 B.24篇 C.25篇 D.27 篇 3、下列说法正确的是() A.在一次抽奖活动中,“中奖的概率是 1 100 ”表示抽奖100次就一定会中奖 B.随机抛一枚硬币,落地后正面一定朝上 C.同时掷两枚均匀的骰子,朝上一面的点数和为6 D.在一副没有大小王的扑克牌中任意抽一张,抽到的牌是6的概率是 1 13 4、在一个不透明的盒子中装有8个白球,若干个黄球,它们除颜色不同外,其余均相同. 若从中随机摸出一个球,它是白球的概率为2 3 ,则黄球的个数为() A.2 B.4 C.12 D.16 5、如图,在ABCD中,EF∥AB,点F为BD的中点,EF=4,则CD的长为( ) A.B.8 C.10 D.16
6、如图,平行四边形ABCD 中,DE ⊥AB 于E ,DF ⊥BC 于F ,若的周长为48,DE=5, DF=10,则的面积等于( ) A .87.5 B .80 C .75 D .72.5 7、已知a ﹣b=2ab ,则﹣的值为( ) A . B .﹣ C .﹣2 D .2 8、某校期末德育考核公布了该校反映各年级学生一年来的出勤情况的两张统计图,该校七、八、九三个年级共有学生1500人。甲、乙、丙三个同学看了这两张统计图后,甲说:“七年级的全勤达标率最高。”乙说:“八年级共有学生525人。”丙说:“九年级的全勤达标率最高。”甲、乙、丙三个同学中,说法正确的是( ) A 、甲和乙 B 、乙和丙 C 、甲和丙 D 、甲和乙及丙 各年级人数分布情况 七年级35% 八年级35% 九年级 30% 七年级 八年级九年级 全勤达标人数 500 480 360 100200300400500600七年级八年级九年级 人 数 系列1 9、如图,在□ABCD 中,对角线AC 、BD 交于点O ,下列式子中一定成立的是( )? A.AC ⊥BD B.OA=0C C.AC=BD D.A0=OD 10、函数的自变量x 的取值范围是( ) A .x≠0 B .x≠1 C .x≥1 D .x≤1
苏教版八年级数学上册全书知识点归纳汇总大全 第 1 章全等三角形 一、全等三角形概念:能够完全重合的两个三角形叫做全等三角形。 两个三角形全等时,互相重合的顶点叫做对应顶点,互相重合的边叫做对应边,互相重合的角叫做对应角。夹边就是三角形中相邻两角的公共边,夹角就是三角形中有公共端点的两边所成的角。 一个三角形经过平移、翻折、旋转可以得到它的全等形。 2、全等三角形的表示 全等用符号“≌”表示,读作“全等于”。如△ABC ≌△ DEF ,读作“三角形ABC全等于三角形DEF”。 注:记两个全等三角形时,通常把表示对应顶点的字母写在对应的位置上。 3、全等三角形有哪些性质 (1):全等三角形的对应边相等、对应角相等。 (2):全等三角形的周长相等、面积相等。 (3):全等三角形的对应边上的对应中线、角平分线、高线分别相等。 4、学习全等三角形应注意以下几个问题: 1):要正确区分“对应边”与“对边”,“对应角”与“对角”的不同含义;
2):表示两个三角形全等时,表示对应顶点的字母要写在对应的位置上; 3)有三个角对应相等”或“有两边及其中一边的对角对应相等的两个三角形不一定全等; (4):时刻注意图形中的隐含条件,如“公共角” 、“公共边”、“对顶角” 5、全等三角形的判定 边边边:三边对应相等的两个三角形全等(可简写成“ SSS” ) 边角边:两边和它们的夹角对应相等两个三角形全等(可简写成“SAS” ) 角边角:两角和它们的夹边对应相等的两个三角形全等(可简写成“ASA” ) 角角边:两角和其中一角的对边对应相等的两个三角形全等(可简写成“AAS” ) 直角三角形全等的判定:对于特殊的直角三角形,判定它们全等时,还有HL定理(斜边、直角边定理):有斜边和一条直角边对应相等的两个直角三角形全等(可简写成“斜边、直角边”或“ HL)” 6、全等变换只改变图形的位置,二不改变其形状大小的图形变换叫做全等变换。全 等变换包括一下三种:(1)平移变换:把图形沿某条直线平行移动的变换叫做平移变换。(2)对称变换:将图形沿某直线翻折180 ,°这种变换叫做对称变换。 (3)旋转变换:将图形绕某点旋转一定的角度到另一个位置,这种变换叫做旋转变换 5、证明两个三角形全等的基本思路:一般来讲,应根据题设并结合图形,先确定两个三角形已知相等的边或角,然后按照判定公理或定理,寻找并证明还缺少的条件.其基本思路是: 1).有两边对应相等,找夹角对应相等,或第三边对应相等.前者利用SAS判定,后者
2014年苏科版八年级下册数学第九章 中心对称图形—平行 四边形练习题(附解析) 考试范围:xxx ;考试时间:100 分钟;命题人:xxx 学校: 注意事项: 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 分卷I 分卷I 注释 一、单选题(注释) 1、如图,已知四边形ABCD 中,R 、P 分别是BC 、CD 上的点,E 、F 分别是AP 、RP 的中点,当点P 在CD 上从C 向D 移动而点R 不动时,那么下列结论成立的是( ) A.线段EF 的长逐渐增大 B.线段EF 的长逐渐减小 C.线段EF 的长不变 D.线段EF 的长与点P 的位置有关 2、如图,DE 是ABC 的中位线,F 是DE 的中点,CF 的延长线交AB 于点G ,则AG:GD 等于 A .2:1 B .3:1 C .3:2 D .4: 3 3、如图,任意四边形ABCD 各边中点分别是E 、F 、G 、H ,若对角线AC 、BD 的长都为20cm ,则四边形EFGH 的周长是 ( )?
A.80cm B.40cm C.20cm D.10cm 4、如图,、、分别是各边的中点,是高,如果,那么 的长为( ) () () () ()不能确定 5、如图,在ABCD 中,EF ∥AB ,点F 为BD 的中点,EF=4,则CD 的长为( ) A . B .8 C .10 D .16 6、如图,在 中,分别是边的中点,且, ,则 等于( ) A . B . C . D . 7、根据如图所示的(1),(2),(3)三个图所表示的规律,依次下去第个图中平行四边形的个数是( ) A .3n B .3n(n+1) C .6n D .6n(n+1) 8、如图,在□ABCD 中,E 是BC 的中点,且∠AEC=∠DCE ,则下列结论不正确的是( )
苏教版小学数学八年级下册教案(全册) 第七章 教学目标与要求: (1)了解不等式的意义,掌握不等式的基本性质。 (2)会解一元一次不等式(组),能正确用轴表示解集。 (3)能够根据具体问题中的数量关系,用一元一次不等式(组),解决简单的问题。 知识梳理: (1)不等式及基本性质; (2)一元一次不等式(组)及解法与应用; (3)一元一次不等式与一元一次方程与一次函数。 1不等式:用不等号表示不等关系的式子叫做不等式 2不等式的解:能使不等式成立的未知数的值叫做不等式的解。 不等式的解集:一个含有未知数的不等式的解的全体叫做这个不等式的解集。 3不等式的性质:○1不等式的两边都加上(或减去)同一个整式,不等号的方向不变。 ○2不等式的两边都乘(或除以)一个正数,不等号的方向不变。不等式的两边都乘(或除以)一个负数,不等号的方向改变。 4解一元一次不等式的步骤与解一元一次方程类似。 但是,在不等式两边都乘(或除以)同一个不等于0的数时,必须根据这个数是正数,还是负数,正确地运用不等式的性质2,特别要注意在不等式两边都乘(或除以)同一个负数时,要改变不等号的方向。 5用一元一次不等式解决问题步骤:(1)审:认真审题,分清已知量、未知量的及其关系,找出题中不等关系,要抓住题设中的关键字“眼”,如“大于”、“小于”、“不小于”、“不大于”等的含义。 (2)设:设出适当的未知数。 (3)列:根据题中的不等关系,列出不等式。 (4)解:解出所列不等式的解集。 (5)答:写出答案,并检验答案是否符合题意。 6一元一次不等式组: 由几个含有同一个未知数的一次不等式组成的不等式组叫做一元一次不等式组。 不等式组中所有不等式的解集的公共部分叫做这个不等式组的解集,求不等式组解集的过程叫解不等式组。 一元一次不等式组解决实际问题的步骤:与一元一次不等式解决实际问题类似,不同之处在与列出不等式组,并解出不等式组。 7一元一次不等式与一元一次方程、一次函数 当一次函数中的一个变量的值确定时,可以用一元一次方程确定另一个变量的值;当已知一次函数中的一个变量范围时,可以用一元一次不等式(组)确定另一个变量取值的范围。 基础知识练习: 1、用适当的符号表示下列关系:(1)X的2/3与5的差小于1;
苏科版数学八年级上册知识点 第一章 全等三角形 能够完全重合的两个图形叫全等形。全等三角形的性质: 1、全等三角形的对应边相等 2、全等三角形的对应角相等 两边和它们的夹角对应相等的两个三角形全等,简写成“边角边”或“SAS ” 两角和它们的夹边对应相等的两个三角形全等,简写成“角边角”或“ASA ”。 两角和其中一角的对边对应相等的两个三角形全等,简写成“角角边”或“AAS ” 三边对应相等的三角形全等,简写为“边边边”或“ SSS ” 斜边、直角边公理 斜边和一直角边对应相等的两个直角三角形全等(可以简写成“斜边、直角边公理”或“HL”) 第二章 轴对称 把一个图形沿着某一条直线折叠,如果它能够与另一个图形完全重合, 那么这两个图形关于这条直线对称,也称这两个图形成轴对称, 这条直线叫对称轴,两个图形中对应点叫做对称点 轴对称图形 那么成这个图形是轴对称图形,这条直线式对称轴 垂直平分线 垂直并且平分一条线段的直线,叫做这条线段的垂直平分线 轴对称性质: 1、成轴对称的两个图形全等 2、如歌两个图形成轴对称,那么对称轴是对应点连线的垂直平分线 3、成轴对称的两个图形的任何对应部分成轴对称 4、成轴对称的两条线段平行或所在直线的交点在对称轴上 线段的对称性: 1、线段是轴对称图形,线段的垂直平分线是对称轴 2、线段的垂直平分线上的点到线段两端距离相等 3、到线段两端距离相等的点在垂直平分线上 F
角的对称性: 1、角是轴对称图形,角平分线所在的直线是对称轴 2、角平分线上的点到角的两边距离相等 3、到角的两边距离相等的点在角平分线上 等腰三角形的性质: 1、等腰三角形是轴对称图形,顶角平分线所在直线是对称轴 2、等边对等角 3、三线合一 等腰三角形判定: 1、两边相等的三角形是等边三角形 2、等边对等角 直角三角形斜边上中线等于斜边一半 等边三角形判定及性质: 1、三条边相等的三角形是等边三角形 2、等边三角形是轴对称图形,有3条对称轴 3、等边三角形每个角都等于60° (补充) 等腰梯形:两腰相等的梯形是等腰梯形 等腰梯形性质: 1、等腰梯形是轴对称图形,过两底中点的直线是对称轴 2、等腰梯形在同一底上的两个角相等 3、等腰梯形对角线相等 等腰梯形判定: 1.、两腰相等的梯形是等腰梯形 2、在同一底上两个角相等的梯形是等腰梯形 第三章 勾股定理 直角三角形两直角边的平方和等于斜边的平方 a 2+b 2=c 2 勾股定理逆定理:如果一个三角形三边a 、b 、c 满足a 2+b 2=c 2,那么这个三角形是直角三角形