2005年考研英语完形填空真题解析
The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1this is largely because,2animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.
Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough.
The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells-we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house, but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
1. [A] although[B] as[C] but[D] while
2. [A] above[B] unlike[C] excluding[D] besides
3. [A] limited[B] committed[C] dedicated[D] confined
4. [A] catching[B] ignoring[C] missing[D] tracking
5. [A] anyway[B] though[C] instead[D] therefore
6. [A] even if[B] if only[C] only if[D] as if
7. [A] distinguishing[B] discovering[C] determining[D] detecting
8. [A] diluted[B] dissolved[C] dispersed[D] diffused
9. [A] when[B] since[C] for[D] whereas
10. [A] unusual[B] particular[C] unique[D] typical
11. [A] signs[B] stimuli[C] messages[D] impulses
12. [A] at first[B] at all[C] at large[D] at times
13. [A] subjected[B] left[C] drawn[D] exposed
14. [A] ineffective[B] incompetent[C] inefficient[D] insufficient
15. [A] introduce[B] summon[C] trigger[D] create
16. [A] still[B] also[C] otherwise[D] nevertheless
17. [A] sure[B] stick[C] aware[D] tired
18. [A] tolerate[B] repel[C] neglect[D] notice
19. [A] available[B] reliable[C] identifiable[D] suitable
20. [A] similar to[B] such as[C] along with[D] aside from
文章背景
文章的主题是"人的鼻子"，作者谈论的中心议题是"我们常常低估了鼻子的功能。"作者通过介绍人们对鼻子感知功能的误解和鼻子事实上具有的功能，对比了人们对气味的敏感
性，以及大脑对鼻子感知的调节作用。
文章结构
文章第一段提出论点The human nose is an underrated tool(人的鼻子是一种被低估的工具)。第二段和第三段分别对人们认为人类的嗅觉不灵敏的原因进行反驳，并作出解释。
答案详解
1.【解析】[C] 逻辑衔接题。Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,this is largely because,animals, we stand upright. "人们常常认为，与动物相比，人类的嗅觉不够敏锐，……而这在很大程度上是因为人类直立行走，这一点与动物……。"although 表示让步;as表示时间或者原因; but表示转折关系; while 表示时间或者对比。四个选项中，but是表示转折的并列连词，but后面的内容是语句重心所在。While也可以表示对比、转折，但作为从属连词也有让步含义。从本题前后的语义关系来看，后半句语义应当是重心所在。因此，正确答案为C。
2.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。…this is largely because,animals, we stand upright. "而这在很大程度上是因为人类直立行走，这一点与动物……" 人类直立行走，而动物却不同。因此，正确答案为B。
3.【解析】[A] 语义衔接/ 词汇辨析题。This means that our noses areto perceiving those smells which float through the air. "这意味着我们的鼻子……闻到漂浮在空气中的气味。"选项A. be limited to 被限制在……;B. be committed to 被交给……,答应承担……义务;C. be dedicated to 奉献，献给;D. be confined to 限制在，局限于。根据句意可以排除B、C项。be confined to 有"把……局限/限制于"的含义，但是它一般用于具体范围的"局限、限制"，与句子的语境不符。因此，正确答案为A。
4.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。本题目选择介词或者现在分词，将前面的句子和后面的名词连接到一起，体现紧密的逻辑关系。句子叙述到This means that our noses are limited to perceiving those smells which float through the air,the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. "这意味着我们的鼻子只能闻到漂浮在空气中的气味，……大多数在地表附近的气味。"不难发现，人类闻到的气味有限，没有闻到的地表的气味很多。选项A. catching 抓住;B. ignoring 忽略;C. missing 错过;D. tracking 跟踪，追溯。前面说我们的鼻子只能闻到浮在空气中的气味，对于大部分停留在表面的气味当然是"闻不到"。首先可以排除A、D项，ignore含有"有意不……"的意思，显然不符合语境。故正确答案为C。
5.【解析】[B] 逻辑衔接题。In fact,,we are extremely sensitive to smells, we do not generally realize it. 由于本句中的in fact提示了转折关系，因此要选择转折的逻辑关系词。选项A. anyway 无论如何(表示让步);B. though 虽然(表示让步或转折);C. instead 相反;D. therefore 因此(表示结果)。四个选项中，只有though能与in fact连用表示转折(不过，事实上……)。因此，正确答案为B。
6.【解析】[A] 逻辑衔接题。In fact, though, we are extremely sensitive to smells,we do not generally realize it. "事实上，我们对气味极其敏感，……我们一般没有意识到。" 选项A. even if 即使(表让步);B. if only 但愿(后常接虚拟语气，表示愿望);C. only if 如果(用于表达条件关系，only表强调);D. as if 似乎(用于表达比较关系)。四个选项中只有A项even if 用于表达让步关系"即使"。因此，正确答案为A。
7.【解析】[D] 语义衔接/词汇辨析题。本题目选择动名词，在句子中充当谓语的动作内容。句子叙述到Our noses are capable ofhuman smells "我们的鼻子能够……人的气味"。选择谓语动词，主语和宾语提供信息决定答案。选项A. distinguishing 区别;B. discovering 发现;C. determining 决定;D. detecting发现，发觉，感知。我们的鼻子只能是感知(引申为闻到)人的气味"。因此，正确答案为D。
8.【解析】[A] 语义衔接/ 词汇辨析题。本题目选择动词过去分词形式，构成"be…to "的短语。Our noses are capable of detecting human smells even when these areto far below one part in one million. "我们的鼻子能够闻到人的气味，即使这些气味被……到百万分之一。" 选项 A. diluted 稀释的(可以用在液体或气体的稀释);B. dissolved 溶解(通常指固体溶解为液体);C. dispersed 散开;D. diffused 扩散，弥漫。气味应该是被稀释或冲淡到百万分之一。因此，正确答案为A。
9.【解析】[D] 逻辑衔接题。Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. "奇怪的是，有些人发现他们可以闻到一种花香，却闻不出另一种，……有些人却对两种花香都很敏感。" 显然构成一种对比关系，只有whereas能用于引导表示转折关系的并列句。因此，正确答案为D。
10.【解析】[B] 词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词，修饰后面的名词。句子叙述到This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generatesmell receptors in the nose. "这意味着有些人的鼻子里缺少某种基因，这种基因是激发人鼻子里的……气味感知器所必需的。"选项A. unusual 不寻常的;B. particular 特别的，特定的;C. unique 独一无二的;D. typical 典型的。这种"气味感知器"具有感知气味这种特定的功能。因此，正确答案为B。
11.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。本题目选择名词。句子叙述到These receptors are the cells which sense smells and sendto the brain. "这些感知器是一种细胞。这种细胞能够感知气味，并且向大脑传递……"选项A. signs 标记;B. stimuli刺激;C. messages 信息，信号;D. impulses 冲动，推动。身体的各个器官向大脑传递的是信号。因此，正确答案为C。(补充：人体的每个器官附近都密布着神经末梢。在感受到外界刺激时，神经末梢紧张起来处理外界刺激转换成大脑能够辨认的信号，并将这些信号迅速传递给大脑。)
12.【解析】[A] 语义衔接题。However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smellcan suddenly become sensitive to it "然而，……对某种特定气味不敏感的人也能突然变得敏感起来。"在本句中，供选的状语修饰整个句子。选项A. at first 起初;B. at all 根本;C. at large 全面地，详细地，无拘无束地; D. at times 有时。由于谓语部分的频度状语"突然"体现了时间的交替关系，句子应该表达起初不敏感。因此，正确答案为A。
13.【解析】[D] 语义衔接题。even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it whento it often enough. "然而，起初对某种特定气味不敏感的人也会突然变得敏感起来，当他们经常……在这种气味中时。"选项A. be subjected to 遭受，屈服于;B. be left to 被留给……;C. be drawn to 被拖到……;D. be exposed to 暴露在……(经常接触)。语境表达的是人处于某种气味所笼罩的环境中。因此，正确答案为D。
14.【解析】[C] 语义衔接/词汇辨析题。The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds itto keep all smell receptors working all the time "认为鼻子不敏感的解释表明：大脑发现让所有的气味感知器一直处于工作状态是……的。" 选项A. ineffective 无效的，不起作用的;B. incompetent 不能胜任的;C. inefficient 效率低的;D. insufficient 不足的，不够的。根据语境，首先可以排除B、D项。ineffective 和inefficient一个强调效果，一个强调效率。大脑发现让所有的气味感知器一直处于工作状态会使气味感知器的效率降低。因此，正确答案为C。
15.【解析】[D] 语义衔接题。The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it inefficient to keep all smell receptors working all the time but cannew receptors if necessary. "认为鼻子不敏感的解释表明：大脑发现让所有的气味感知器一直处于工作状态是效率低的。但是，需要时又可以……新的气味感知器。" 选项 A. introduce 介绍，引进;B. summon 呼唤，号召;C. trigger 扣动扳机，一触即发;D. create 创造，产生(从无到有)。trigger the receptors"激活受体"是常见的搭配，但"激活"应该是对现已存在的食物而言。从空格后面
的new来判断，只有create才符合逻辑。因此，正确答案为D。
16.【解析】[B] 逻辑衔接题。This mayexplain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells-we simply do not need to be . "这……可以解释为什么我们通常对自己的气味不敏感--我们根本不需要(对自己的气味敏感)。"选项 A. still 仍然;B. also 也;C. otherwise 否则;D. nevertheless 然而，虽然如此。"this"这个词就表明了逻辑关系应该是并列，翻译成"也"，表示和前面的句子是相同或者相近的含义。因此，正确答案为B。
17.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。本题目选择"be not…of "的结构，在句子中充当位于动词。句子叙述到We are notof the usual smell of our own house "一般我们没有……我们自己房间里的气味。" 此句的意思是：我们意识不到自己家里的气味，但当我们去拜访他人时就会留意到新的气味。因此，选aware of。sure of "确信"，sick of "厌倦"，tired of "厌倦"都不合句意。
18.【解析】[D] 语义衔接题。We are not aware of the usual smell of our own house but wenew smells when we visit someone else's. "我们意识不到自己家里的气味。但是，在拜访别人家时，我们……新的气味。"选项A. tolerate 忍受;B. repel 抵制;C. neglect 忽略;D. notice 注意到。句子中的"but"提供了信息，前后两个句子含义相反。前面提到"没有注意到自己房间的气味"，后面就应该是闻到新的气味。因此，正确答案为D。
19.【解析】[A] 语义衔接题。The brain finds it best to keep smell receptorsfor unfamiliar and emergency signals "大脑会使气味感知器……随时接受不熟悉的和紧急的信号"。选项A. available 可达到的，可工作的;B. reliable 可靠的;C. identifiable 可辨认的;D. suitable 适合的。"大脑会使气味感知器工作来处理随时接受不熟悉和紧急信号"，故选available，符合句子含义。
20.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors available for unfamiliar and emergency signalsthe smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. "大脑会使气味感知器用于随时接受不熟悉的和紧急的信号，……烟的气味，因为预示着着火的危险"。选项A. similar to 相似于;B. such as 例如;C. along with 和……一起;D. aside from 除……之外。烟的气味恰恰被包含在前面相邻的"不熟悉和紧急信号"之中，应该选择表示列举意义的短语。因此，正确答案为B。
参考译文
人的鼻子是一种被低估的工具。相比动物而言，经常有人认为人的嗅觉不够敏锐。但这主要是因为我们和动物不同，我们是直立行走的。这就意味着我们的鼻子局限于察觉那些浮在空气中的气味，而对粘在物体表面的气味却遗漏了。事实上，我们的嗅觉是极其敏锐的，即使我们通常上意识不到这点。我们的鼻子能够嗅出人类的气味，即使当气味被稀释到百万分之一。
奇怪的是，有些人发现他们能闻到一种花香，却闻不到另一种花香，而另一些人却可以闻到这两种。这可能是因为有些人的鼻子中缺少某种产生特定嗅觉感受器所必需的基因。这些嗅觉感受器是一些可以感觉到气味并将其信息送给大脑的细胞。然而我们却发现，即使刚开始对某种气味不敏感的人，如果常常接触该气味，那么他也会突然变得对这种气味敏感了。
看来，对嗅觉不灵敏的解释应该是：大脑发现让所有嗅觉感受器都始终工作的话效率太低，但是在必要时却能产生新的嗅觉感受器。这也许能解释我们为什么通常闻不到自己的气味--因为我们根本不需要闻到自己的气味。我们并没有注意自己家中常有的气味，而当我们到别人家中时却能注意到那里的新气味。大脑发现最好能让气味感受器对不熟悉或是紧急的信号保持敏感，例如烟的气味，其暗示可能有火灾的危险。
2016考研英语真题解析：完形填空终于看懂了 2016考研英语一的完形填空主题是关于“柬埔寨青年的结婚习俗”,内容好理解,题目也很简单,如果有同学最后不做而靠蒙的话,可就有点可惜了! 下面跨考教育英语教研室孟老师以2016年真题为例，为考生详细解析完形填空：Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family. The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__198 0s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ pray ers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in h oly water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily ma rried and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife' s parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby. Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months. 1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as 2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to 3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone 4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example 5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although 6. A. into B. within C. from D. through 7. A. or B. since C. but D. so 8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create 9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying 10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving 11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union 12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live 13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if 14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain 15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed 16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2008年考研英语真题——完型填空 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection. This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,13 hey also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 ave previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 ucation. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18 is argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 em to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 ate of affairs. 1. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased 2. [A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare 3. [A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against 4. [A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately 5. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence 6. [A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk 7. [A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects 8. [A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question 9. [A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating 10. [A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total 11. [A] unconsciously [B] disproportionately [C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably 12. [A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers 13. [A] affirm [B] witness [C] observe [D] approve 14. [A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile 15. [A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down 16. [A] assessing [B] supervising [C] administering [D] valuing 17. [A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D] instrument 18. [A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined 19. [A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed 20. [A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuous
2015年考研英语（一）深度解析：完型 1. [A] what 【解析】此题考查疑问代词辨析：题干中过去分词短语published from the University of California and Yale University…作后置定语，修饰study，而真正的句子主干是That is 1 a study has 2 .简化后的句子可以让我们清晰地看出第一题要说的是研究study的具体内容是what，不是方式how，也不是原因why，更不是时间when。 2. [B] concluded 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：同第一题一样，根据简化的句子That is what a study has 2 来解题。题目选择的动词是说明study怎样才有了上面what表示的内容。所以此题选择concluded“推断;得出结论”。其他的动词据不符合要求。 3. [D] on 【解析】此题考查介词辨析：根据题干The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects的要求，所选择的介词能用在conduct“实施;进行”之后，又得和subject 搭配，所以这个题目应该选择on，构成on some subjects“关于某类主题”。 4. [C] compared 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：通过观察题干，我们发现第4题位于which引导的定语从句之内，作从句的谓语动词。Which修饰主句的主语study“研究”，如此补全定语从句就是： The study 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers…所以正确答案选择C。该项研究是对比所选择的两个样本。其他选项都不符合题意。 5. [C] samples 【解析】此题考查名词辨析：The same people were used in both 5 .通过观察题干，我们发现第5题空前的单词是both，表示“两者都…”。而上文中提到两者的只有“unrelated friends”和“unrelated strangers”，即这项研究的两个样本，所以答案选择C. samples“样本”。 6.[A] insignificant 【解析】此题考查形容词辨析和让步关系：题干While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist句首的While引导让步状语从句，同时提示我们逗号后和逗号前的内容形成一定程度上的对立关系，而且作者的表达重点位于逗号之后，1%的数量对于基因研究者来说影响程度很大。那么对于普通人而言这个数据就显得微不足道了。正确答案只能选择A。 7. [C] know 【解析】此题考查动词辨析和转折关系：题干Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin中说“大多数人甚至不他们的第四代表亲，但是尽量选择和亲属人作为朋友”。even“甚至”这一个词就提示我们应该本题只能选择know“了解，认识”，其他选项都不符合题目要求。 8. [D] resemble
2011年考研英语完形填空答案及真题解析(沪江完美版) Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as ―a bodily exercise precious to health.‖ But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. __6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___
1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [ C] side [D] front
2006年考研英语完形填空真题解析 The homeless make up a growing percentage of America's population. 1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can't possibly 2 . To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing. 5 everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates 6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. 7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8 , one of the federal government's studies 9 that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives 16 . Boston Globe reporter Chris Reedy notes that the situation will improve only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it. "There has to be 20 of programs. What we need is a package deal." 1.[A]Indeed[B]Likewise[C]Therefore[D]Furthermore 2.[A]stand[B]cope[C]approve[D]retain 3.[A]in[B]for[C]with[D]toward 4.[A]raise[B]add[C]take[D]keep 5.[A]Generally[B]Almost[C]Hardly[D]Not 6.[A]cover[B]change[C]range[D]differ 7.[A]Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that 8.[A]inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]extending 9.[A]predicts[B]displays[C]proves[D]discovers 10.[A]assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss 11.[A]Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only 12.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house 13.[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering 14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas 15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance 16.[A]around[B]over[C]on[D]up 17.[A]complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating 18.[A]So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus 19.[A]puts[B]interprets[C]assumes[D]makes 20.[A]supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation[D]coordination 文章背景 本文主要介绍了美国社会中的无家可归者，以及他们目前的现状：他们的数量已经增长至地方政府对付不了的地步，需要联邦政府采取措施帮助他们重新获得自立。但是，许多无家可归者即使在解决温饱之后仍然游荡街头，这是因为他们要么酗酒或吸毒成瘾，要么患严
历年考研英语完形填空真题（2005） The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3. [A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined ￥ 4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering [C]determining[D]detecting 8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused 9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses （ 12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14. [A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient[D]insufficient 15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable 。 20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
考研英语完形填空答案 解析 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
2014年考研英语(一)完型填空题解析 SectionI??UseofEnglish 1、【答案】Awhere 【解析】本句的句义是：我们突然不能回忆起刚才把钥匙放在哪里了，或者一个老熟人的姓名，或者是一个老乐队的名称。这根据句义，这里是表示忘记了钥匙所放在的地点，因此正确答案为A。 2、【答案】Bfades 【解析】本句的句义是：本句的句义是关于大脑的退化，我们婉转地把它称作“老年时分”(老年人的瞬间记忆丧失)。从前文可以看出，文章讲的是随着年龄增长，记忆力的衰退。由语境确定B。 3、【答案】Bwhile 【解析】本句的句义是：这看起来问题不大，但精神集中能力的丧失，对于我们的职业生涯，社会交往以及个人生活都能产生有害影响。这个空在句首，需要填一个连接词，看起来问题不大和后面句之间是转折关系，因此正确答案为B。 4、【答案】Adamaging 【解析】本句的句义同第3题。通过整篇文章语境，我们可以看出注意力的丧失会对我们造成不好的影响，造成损害，因此正确答案是damaging，表示损害。 5、【答案】Cwell-being 【解析】本句的句义同第3题。这里需要填入的是表示个人生活状态的词，因此 well-being符合题意，表示个人的幸福。 6、【答案】Dturn 【解析】It代表神经科学，它的结果是，大脑也跟我们的肌肉一样，也需要进行锻炼……这里给出的是神经科学的结论，因此选择turnout。 7、【答案】Cworkout 【解析】……适当的精神训练能够明显改善我们的基本认知……。Workout有锻炼练习的意思，因此正确答案为C。 8、【答案】Dfunctions