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高中英语必修二资料

高中英语必修二资料
高中英语必修二资料

必修二

Unit 1 Cultural relics

[练习] 中译英

1). 你是否考虑过如何到达那里?

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). Have you considered how to get there? 2). He will be considered a weak leader.

3. wonder n.惊奇,奇迹;不知道……(想知道)

[典例]

1). They were filled with wonder at the sight. 他们见此情景惊叹不已。

2). I wonder who he is. 我不知道他究竟是谁。

[重点用法]

wonder +从句―自忖……,自问……,不知道……(想知道)‖

wonder +if从句―请问您是否……‖(用于礼貌地提出请求)

wonder at对……感到惊奇

[练习] 中译英

1).我也不知道他们能不能准时到。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2).难怪你来晚了!

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). I wonder whether they will arrive on time. 2). No wonder you were late!

4. doubt n.怀疑;不确定;不信任;v.对……无把握,怀疑

[典例]

1). He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught. 他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。

2). I doubt whether he'll come. 我不敢肯定他来不来。

[重点用法]

There is no doubt about sth./ that ….毫无疑问……

without doubt确定地;无疑地

I don‘t doubt that …我肯定……(=I‘m sure/certain that…)

I doubt if/whether …我不确定……(=I‘m not sure/certain if/whether…)

[练习] 中译英

1). 不知道那是不是他想要的。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 那件事情没有什么可疑之处。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). I doubt if that was what he wanted. 2). There's not much doubt about it.

5. worth adj.值得(做某事); 有(做某事)的价值; n.价值; 用处

[典例]

1). The new car cost a lot of money, but it's certainly worth it. 买这辆新汽车花了很多钱, 但确实物有所值。

2). The thieves stole 1 million worth of jewellery. 窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。

[重点用法]

be worth doing sth值得(做某事); 有(做某事)的价值

worth of sth用于表示数量﹑持续时间等的名词之后,值某金额的量

[练习] 中译英

1). 这本书值得一读。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 他有十英镑的汽油。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). The book is worth reading/It's worth reading the book. 2). He has ten pounds' worth of petrol.

Ⅳ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1. in return 回报,作为报酬

[典例]

What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us?

我们将怎样来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢?

[短语归纳]

in turn 轮流地,依次; 反过来by turns 轮流地,时而…时而…

[练习] 中译英

1). 我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 向您献花聊表谢忱。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). I bought him a drink in return for his help. 2). These flowers are a small return for your kindness.

2. rather than不是别的,而是……

[典例]

1). I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想喝冷饮, 不想喝咖啡.

2). It's management that's at fault rather than the work-force. 错在资方而不在劳方.

[短语归纳]

would rather do sth…than do sth…宁愿做……;而不愿做……=prefer doing…to doing…)

other than = except for除了……;而非

[练习] 中译英

1). 他是跑来的而不是走来的。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 她除了他以外没有好朋友。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). He ran rather than walked. 2). She has no close friends other than him.

1. think highly of = have a good opinion of看重;高度评价

[典例]

They think highly of your work abilities. 他们对你的工作能力评价很高。

[短语归纳]

What do you think of sb./ sth.?你认为某人/物怎么样?think much/well of对……评价良好

think nothing of对……无所谓;不把……当回事think badly/poorly of对……评价不高

think of sb./ sth. as…把……某人/物当作……

[练习] 中译英

1). 她觉得一天走三十英里无所谓。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2).他的作品深受评论家推崇。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). She thinks nothing of walking thirty miles a day. 2). His work is highly thought of by the critics.

V 重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1. Frederick William I,the King Of Prussia,could never have imagined that his Greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.

普鲁士国王胖特烈·威廉一世.怎么也不会想到他送给俄罗斯人的厚礼会有这样一段令人吃惊的历史。

[解释] 此句中含有―could + have done‖结构,用来表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等。它用在不同的句式中,表达的含义不同。

1)用于疑问句中,表示对行为可能性的推测。如:

2)

--- Oh,

[练习] 中译英

1). 别担心--

2).

2. Later,

[解释]1).done结构,该结构中done

例如:

[练习] 中译英

1).

2).

Keys:1). .

课文要点

1

The Amber Room, (wonderful) of the world. Frederick William I , 3 whom it

6

答案:

2课文大意概括

及它是怎样丢失的。

The passage tells the history ________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:The passage tells the history of the Amber Room, which was made of tons of amber. The writer describes how the Amber Room was made, why it came to Russia and became one of the wonders in the world and how it got lost.

3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)

1.【原句】Frederick William l, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。

[模仿要点] 句子结构: 主语,+加插入,谓语+宾语从句

【模仿1】我们的老师John没想到他所给的例子会跟入学考试有关。

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:John, our teacher, could never have thought that the example that he gave to his students would have relation with the entrance exam.

【模仿2】我的母亲,我生命中最重要的人,一直坚信我终有一天会取得成功的。

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:My mother, the most important person in my life, always believes that I will succeed one day.

2.【原句】This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. 这件礼物就是琥珀屋,它之所以有这个名字,是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。

[模仿要点] 句子结构:名词+ 非限制定语从句+ 原因状语从句

【模仿1】礼物是一辆小汽车,我拒绝接受是因为它太昂贵了,而且,我没有必要开车去学校。

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:The gift is a car, which I refused to accept because it is too expensive to me, in addition, I don‘t need to drive a car to school.

【模仿2】2008奥运会开幕式是极大的成功,它使世界感到震惊,因为它巧妙地把中国的历史成就和未来之梦结合在一起呈现给世界。

_____________________________________________________________________________

答案:The opening ceremony of 2008 Olympics is a great success, which shocks the world because it has wonderfully combined Chinese historic achievements with dreams of future and showed them to the world.

3.【原句】There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡,当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。

[模仿要点] 句子结构: There is no doubt that + which + at that time+ 定语从句

【模仿1】毫无疑问我在家乡度过的童年时期,自行车对我作用非常大,当其时我的家乡是长江边的一个小城市。

. By this time he was 23 cold that he

their work. In the face of this danger, Captain Slater 29 the

22. 选B.因为情况比较危急,所以大家观望时心情一定很焦虑。

23. 选B.前后有因果关系。

24. 选A.call to sb大声叫某人,call on拜访(某人),call up打电话,call at拜访(某地),四个词组中只有call to合乎语境。

25. 选B.点上炉子是为了让炉子―散发‖热量,保持船舱暖和。

26. 选C.为使船舱不结冰,就要使其温度保持在―冰点‖之上。

27. 选A.冰融化后,可使船的重量减轻,使船体上浮。

28. 选D.in spite of意为―不管、尽管‖,表示让步关系。

29. 选C.另三个词不能按sb to do。

30. 选C.float意为―漂浮‖,清除冰的目的显然是为了不使船下沉。

2语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填

31 with his family.

32 the first Saturday in their new home, Mr. Smith took his new car out of the garage and 33 (wash) it. A man came at the moment.

34 he saw Mr. Smith's new car, he stopped and looked at it 35 a few minutes. Then Mr. Smith turned and saw him.

The man said, "That's a nice car. Is 36 yours?"

"Sometimes," Smith answered 37 a smile.

"Sometimes?" The man said." 38 do you mean?"

"Well," answered Smith slowly, "When there's a party in town, it is my daughter's,. Mary. When there's a football game, it's my son's, John.

39 I wash it, and it looks really nice and clean, it's my wife's. And when it needs gas, it's 40 "

答案:

31.there 32.On 33.was washing/washed 34.When 35.for 36.it 37.with

38.What 39.After 40.mine

31.there.―那里‖(in a big city),指示副词,

32.On,具体的某一天用介词on。

33.washed,and连接took his new car和washed it,表并列关系。

34.When。考查When引导的时间状语从句。

35.for,由a few minutes可知,应填for表一段时间。

rooftops. I stopped to

4. Modern things (Paragraph 4) are mentioned mainly to______.

A. show that the writer likes city life very much

B. tell us that people greatly benefit from modern life

C. explain that people have less chances to enjoy nature

D. show that we can also enjoy nature at home through them

5. The author wrote the passage to_______.

A. express the feeling of returning to nature

B. show the love for the moonlight

C. advise modern people to learn to live

D. want to communicate longing for modern life

答案解析

1.A 主旨大意题。文章通过描绘了月亮的美丽,表达了作者对月亮所代表的自然美的敬畏之情,同时美丽的月色也触动了作者的心灵。Touched by the moon(月色动人),借景抒情,以此作为题目简洁明了,点出了文章的主旨。

2.B 细节理解题。由第一段中的…thinking about what a pity it was that most city dwellers people? Myself included? Usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.可知答案为B。

3.C 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句And above me was the full moon, which struck me deeply.可知答案为C。作者在印度北部旅行时,为月色所动。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

4.C推理判断题。作者列举了一系列现代发明,其目的是说人类在享受这些现代发明所带来的好处的同时,也减少了接触大自然、享受月色的机会,表达了淡淡的惋惜之情。作者在此并无全盘否定现代文明之意,我们应结合上一段,才能较好地把握文章的含义。

5.A 写作意图题。本文作者借描写月色来表现了一种渴望回归自然、寻找闲适生活的愿望。最后一段作者渴望隐居深山,独坐农舍,在寒冷的静夜,踱步户外,随时看到伸手可及的月亮,touch一语双关,既指在高原地带常可以看到月色,也指作者可以用自己的心灵去触摸月亮,触摸自然。

4.基础写作

2008年9月25日广东省的茂名、阳江等地区遭受特大热带风暴的袭击。假如你是某英文报纸的通讯员,请根据下列表格,以A Hurricane Disaster为题,写一篇报道。

1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入;接纳,接受某人(入院入学等);承认,招认

[典例]

1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。

2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。

3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。

4). George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。

[重点用法]

admit (doing)sth.承认某事/做了某事

admit that +从句承认……

[练习] 中译英

1). 他招认偷了那辆汽车。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 不准那个人进来。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). He admitted having stolen the car. 2). That man is not to be admitted.

2. charge n. 费用;v. 指控;收费

[典例]

1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。

2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。

[重点用法]

in/under the charge of 在某人照看(掌管)下

in charge of处于控制或支配(某人[某事物])的地位:

[练习] 中译英

1). 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 这儿谁负责?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson. 2). Who's in charge here?

3. bargain n.协议;廉价物;v.(与某人)讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判

[典例]

1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方经销我们的货物, 我方愿给予你相当大的优惠作为回报。

2). It's a bargain. 这可是便宜货。

3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车, 总得讲讲价才是。

[重点用法]

make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人达成协议

bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人讨价还价

[练习] 中译英

1). 你做了一笔很上算的交易。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 工会为缩短工作周而(与资方)讨价还价。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). You've got a good bargain there. 2). The unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week.

4. promise v. & n. 允诺;答应

[典例]

1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答应保守秘密之后把真相告诉了他。

2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保证一定准时。

[重点用法]

promise to do sth.答应做某事

promise sb. sth.答应某人某事

promise +that 从句答应……

make a promise许下诺言

keep a promise遵守诺言

carry out a promise履行诺言

break a promise违背诺言

[练习] 中译英

1). 我得让你遵守诺言。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 我不能保证做到, 但我一定尽力而为。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). I shall keep you/hold you to your promise. 2). I can't promise, but I'll do my best.

5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得

[典例]

1). The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。

2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他们应该入狱。

[重点用法]

deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做

[练习] 中译英

1). 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2).如果你做错事就应受到惩罚。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). She deserves a reward for her efforts. 2). If you do wrong, you deserve punishing / to be punished / punishment.

Ⅳ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1. take part in 参与;参加

[典例]

1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games? 有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会?

2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment? 你们会参与首次实验吗?

[短语归纳]

take one's part(在辩论中)支持某人;站在某……边

have a part to play能帮助;能在……中发挥作用

have/play a part(in sth)参与某事

for the most part多半;通常

[练习] 中译英

1). 他母亲总是护着他。

2). 她积极参与地方政治活动。

Keys: 1). His mother always takes his part. 2). She plays an active part in local politics.

2. stand for 代表;象征;表示

[典例]

1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符号X表示一个未知数。

2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.

我妈妈主张对待一切孩子都要慈爱。

[短语归纳]

stand by袖手旁观;无动于衷

stand by sb支持;帮助;忠于

stand out(from/as)显眼;突出

stand up站起;站立;起立

[练习] 中译英

1). 无论如何,我都支持你。

2). 我谴责法西斯主义及其代表的一切。

Keys:

1). I‘ll stand by you whatever happens.2). I condemn fascism and all it stands for.

https://www.doczj.com/doc/3118313231.html,ed to 过去常做某事

[典例]

used to, would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事,有时可以换用。但used to do强调过去习惯性的行为或状态,但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此,这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。

1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village.

[短语归纳]

get/be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某物/做某事,该词组有各种时态

be used to do sth.被用于做……

[练习] 选择正确的答案

1). Jack is used to ___________ to school, but today he came by bus.

A. walk

B. walking

C. walks

D. walked

2). Wood _______________ paper and other things.

A. is used to make

B. is used to making

C. used to make

D. used to making

Keys:

1). A 2). A

4. one after another/the other 一个接一个地

[典例]

1). Please line up one after another. 请按顺序排队。

2). We achieved one victory after another. 我们取得了一个又一个的胜利。

[短语归纳]

one by one逐个地;逐一地

one another/each other相互

[练习] 中译英

1). 他把所有书并列摆放起来。

2). 账单纷至沓来。

Keys:

1). He put a11 the books beside each other/one another.

2). The bills kept coming in one after another.

Ⅴ重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1. How often do you hold your Games? 你们奥运会多久举行一次?

[解释] How often 问某事发生的频率。常用的答语有:every two days, once a week, at times等

How soon问某事在多少时间以内会完成。常用in/within短语回答

---How soon will my dress be ready? ---In a week. 我的连衣裙要多久准备好?---一周。

How long问某动作或某状态持续多久多长时间。常用for短语回答,for可省略。

---How long did you stay there? ---Only two days. 你在那呆了多久?---只是两天。

[练习] 中译英

1). 你多久去游泳一次?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 你等了多久了?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:

1). How often do you go swimming? 2). How long did you wait?

2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 没有别的国家能参加,奴隶和妇女也不能参加。

[解释] ―neither/nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语‖意为―……也不‖,承接前面的否定句,用倒装语序。如:

I can't afford a new car, neither/nor can he.

我买不起新车,他也是。

―so+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语‖意为―……也‖,承接前面的肯定句,用倒装语序。

如:

[练习] 中译英

1).

2).

Keys:

课文要

1课文词汇等填空

This passage is

3 (希腊

答案:

2课文大意概括

答案

3

1【课文原句】―古希腊‖

[模仿要点]

【模仿1

答案:

【模仿2

答案:

2【课文原句】

运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。

[模仿要点] 句子结构:定语从句+ 被动语态

【模仿1】只有那些各科都取得好成绩的人才可以被重点大学录取。

__________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Only those who have achieved good grades in all subjects will be admitted by the key university.

【模仿2】只有那些达到了奥运标准的国家才可以申请举办奥运会。

__________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Only those who have achieved the Olympic standards can be admitted to bid for the Olympic Games.

3.【课文原句】It‘s in the summer Olympics tha t you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.跑步,游泳,划船和一些团体项目是在夏季运动会上举行。

[模仿要点] 句子结构:强调句+ together with

【模仿1】只有多训练你才提高你的听,说,读,写的能力。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:It‘s by practicing more that you can improve your listening ability, together with speaking ability, reading ability and writ ing ability.

【模仿2】只有到科技发展了,教育和卫生才可能改善。

_________________________________________________________________________________

答案:It is not until the science and technology has developed that education , together with sanitation will be improved.

单元自测

1完形填空

B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21 that how we deal with money in our daily life has more meaning than we usually 22 . One of the exercises he has asked his students to do is to keep a 23 of every penny they spend for a week. From the 24 they spend their money, they can see what they really 25 in life.

The professor says our 26 with others often becomes clearly defined (明确) when money enters the picture. You 27 have wonderful friendships with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some 28 . If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems 29 than ever before. 30 it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn't.

Since money is so important to us, we consider those who are rich to be very important. The professor interviewed some rich people in

36

39 he

40

答案:

31.would 32.and 33.to keep 34.around 35.himself 36.happily 37.Crying 38.thankful 39.when 40.but

31.would,过去将来时态。

32.and,and连接两个动词短语,表并列关系。

33.to keep,考查固定句型It‘s +形容词to do something。

34.around。1ook around表―环顾四周,四处看‖。

35.himself,make oneself quiet让/使自己安静。

36.happy,考查happy 的副词。

37.crying考查hear somebody doing something 的结构。

38.thankful,考查thank的形容词。

39.when,考查由when引导的时间状语从句。

40.but,nothing but的固定结构,―除……之外,别无;只有‖。

3.信息匹配

2008年北京奥运会引起了世界各国人民的高度重视,他们踊跃要求做志愿者,故中国奥组委在网上公布了招聘志愿者的相关信息:

A. OPPORTUNITIES

More than 20,000 volunteers of all ages come to support the 8,400 athletes that are participating in our year-round sports training and competition programs. To keep their dream alive, your help is needed. Here are some of the tips which you and/or your group need, just read the application guides or call at Beijing Olympics V olunteer hotline +86-10-12308 Olympic Jobs - Beijing 2008.

B. SPORTS

Become a Special Olympics Coach in your favorite sport. Help get quality athletic uniforms and equipment for athletes. Set up Training Schools for volunteers in China. Duties include timers, scorekeepers, officials, announcers, award presenters.

C. SCHOOLS

Athletes form teams that compete in a variety of sports. Adopt the Olympics Sports Skill Programs as part of your adaptive physical education and after school program. Organize a student fund-raiser to collect money for 2008 Beijing Olympics teams.

D. FUNDRAISING

Encourage your business or place of work to make money or in-kind contribution to the Olympics. Organize a special event to raise money for the Olympics programs. Remember Olympics in your mind, or as a long-range planned gift.

E. ADMINISTRATIVE

Put your typing, filing, telephone, and computer skills to work as a volunteer in an Olympics office. Assist with large mailings, distribute fliers, and posters for our events.

志愿者招聘信息——志愿者

41. B 由willing to set up a school …对应Set up Trailing Schools for volunteers in China。

42. A 由can I still apply and how can I apply for it;just read the application guides or call at Olympics V olunteer hotline+86-10-12308。

43. F 由as a news reporter;对应Work in a Media Center,

44. C 由:help athletes know how to form teams to compete;对应Athletes form teams that compete in a variety of sports;

45. E 由a secretary in a sports center in USA,at computers and I can help with mails,对应Assist with large mailings, distribute fliers, and posters

for our events。

4. 任务写作

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

We nowadays live in a global village, and many difficulties will arise if we can't express ourselves fluently in English.

In spite of my awareness of its importance, I seldom find chances to practice and improve my oral English. So, I am still very weak with regard to this respect. One reason is that my pronunciation and intonation aren't good enough. The other is that I am so shy that I am always too nervous to

find the exact words to express my ideas and feelings. As a result the best way for me to do is to remain silent when others are practicing and making great progress in their oral English every day.

Now I am attaching much more importance to oral English and I have made up my mind to seize every opportunity to practice. I begin to participate actively in all kinds of English activities, such as going to "English Corners", talking in English with my classmates and with native speakers. "Nothing is difficult in the world if you really put your heart to it." as the Chinese saying goes. If I can build up my confidence, if I am not afraid of losing face any more, if I really work hard on it, I am sure my oral English will be excellent someday.

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括短文的要点:

2.然后以120个词写一篇英语短文谈谈广东高考英语口试对你英语口语练习造成的影响,并包括如下要点:

1)你以前对英语口语的态度及原因;

2)广东高考英语口试对你目前英语口语练习造成的某些影响;

3)你的感想或期望。

[写作要求]

1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;标题自定。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

1. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和

[典例]

1). He was fined the sum of 200. 他被处以200英镑罚金。

2). The sum of 5 and 3 is 8. 5加3的和是8。

[重点用法]

in sum简言之; 总而言之

sum sb/sth up形成对某人[某事物]的看法

[练习] 中译英

1). 总之, 计划告吹了。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 我认为她是个很能干的经理。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). In sum, the plan failed. 2). I summed her up as a competent manager.

2. advantage n.优点;优势;有利条件

[典例]

1). He has the advantage of a steady job. 他有工作稳定的有利条件。

2). They took full advantage of the hotel's facilities. 他们充分利用旅馆的设备。

[重点用法]

take advantage of 对……加以利用;欺骗

to sb.‘s advantage 对某人有利

have /get/win an advantage over (of)胜过;优于

[练习] 中译英

1).协议对我们有利。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2).她利用了我的慷慨。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). The agreement is/works to our advantage. 2). She took advantage of my generosity.

3. goal n. 球门;进球得的分;目标

[典例]

1). He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门

2). We won by three goals to one 以三比一获胜。

3). You‘d better set a goal before you start. 开始前最好设定一个目标。

[重点用法]

score/kick a goal 得[踢进一球得]一分

keep goal守球门

life goal/ one‘s goal in life生活目标

achieve / realize one‘s goal实现目标

[练习] 中译英

1).他已经实现了他的目标。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2).我的人生目标是帮助他人。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). He has achieved his goal. 2). My goal in life is to help others.

4. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与……通讯

[典例]

1). A red light is usually a signal for/of danger. 红灯通常是危险的信号。

2). He signaled (to) the waiter to bring the menu. 他示意要服务员把菜单拿来。

[重点用法]

signal to sb/sth for sth 用信号传达(某信息); 用信号与(某人)通讯

signal with…用……发信号

[练习] 中译英

1).铁路红灯亮了, 所以火车停下了。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2).他用红旗发信号。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). The railway signal was on red, so the train stopped. 2). He was signaling with a red flag.

5. arise vi.(arose, arisen)出现;发生

[典例]

1). A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新的困难。

2). Accidents arise from carelessness.疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。

[重点用法]

arise from /out of由……引起;由……产生

[练习] 中译英

1). 夜间起风暴了。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). A storm arose during the night. 2). Problems have arisen out of the lack of communication Ⅳ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1. in common 共同的;共有的;共用的

[典例]

I have nothing in common with Jane. 我和简毫无共同之处。

[短语归纳]

have nothing in common 无共同之处have little in common 几乎无共同之处

have something in common 有一些共同之处have a lot in common 有许多共同之处

[练习] 中译英

1). 这个词常用吗?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 她已和许多人一起申请参加训练。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). Is this word in common use? 2). In common with many others, she applied for a training place.

2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说

[典例]

1). In a way, his English has improved. 从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。

2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。

[短语归纳]

in the way 造成阻碍on the/one‘s way (to) 在(去…)的路上

by the way 顺便提一下in no way 决不

all the way 自始自终;完全地in this way 用这种方法

与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。

[练习] 中译英

1). 从某种程度上说, 我很喜欢这本新教材。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 看来你的自行车挡着道了。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). In a way, I like this new textbook very much.2). I‘m afraid your bike is in the way.

3.watch over 看守; 监视; 照看

[典例]

1). Could you watch (over) my clothes while I have a swim? 我游泳时你看着我的衣物行吗?

2). He felt that God was watching over him. 他感觉到上帝保佑着他.

[短语归纳]

watch out (for) 当心; 注意watch for sb./sth. 观察等待

keep a watch on 监视under the close watch 在严密的监视下

[练习] 中译英

1). 他们等待着进一步的发展。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 小心! 汽车来了。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). They are watching for further developments 2). Watch out! There's a car coming.

4. make up 化妆;化装;捏造,虚构(故事,诗等)

[典例]

1). She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party. 她在聚会前化妆用了一个小时。

2). Stop making things up! 不要胡编了!

[短语归纳]

make up for补偿be made up of = consist of由……组成

make for有利于……,有助于……;走向;冲向

make it及时赶到,办成功make it up和解;讲和

make known使知晓;传达make out理解;懂得;辨认出

[练习] 中译英

1).社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。

2).她总是浓妆艳抹的。

Keys;

1). Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.

2). She's always very heavily made up.

Ⅴ重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger!

到20世纪40年代,我已经长到一个大房间那么大,我不知道我会不会继续长大。

[解释] 1). as large as...―有……大‖,后面常加数词.例如:

This playground is as large as 500squaremeters.

这个操场有500平方米那么大。

2). I wondered if..―我不知道(奇怪)是否……‖,是一个常见句式,常用于口语,表示一种委婉或客气的语气。例如:

I wondered if you would mind giving me a hand.

[练习] 中译英

1). 我也不知道他们能不能准时到。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 那个男子的体重比他重一倍。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:

1). I wonder whether they will arrive on time. 2). That man is twice as heavy as him.

2. However,this reality also worried my designers.可是这个现实也困扰着我的设计者们。

[解释] however adv.尽管;尽管如此,可是;仍然。表示转折;可放在句首、句中或句尾,但用逗号隔开。例如:

I meant to go abroad last year. However, I changed my mind later.

我本打算去年出国,但是后来改变了主意。

[练习] 中译英

1). 她仍然在等,尽管没有任何回音。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 他说事情就是那样,不过他错了。

Keys:

课文要点

1课文词汇等填空

( 技术的)

7 I never forget 8

Moon. 9

答案:

2课文大意概括

阅读课文,试着用30

答案:

3

1.【课本原句】

since the 1970s.

来又做成便携式。

[模仿要点] 句子结构

【模仿1

答案:

【模仿2

任总裁。

答案:

2.【课本原句】

[模仿要点] 句子结构: as well as

【模仿1】通过上网,人们可以获得知识和乐趣。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:People can get a lot of fun as well as useful knowledge through the net

【模仿2】随着经济的快速发展,越来越多的家长能够负担得起培训课,从中他们的孩子既可以获得一些技能也可以丰富他们的生活。______________________________________________________________________________

答案:With the rapid development of economy, more and more parents are able to afford training classes, in which their children can acquire some skills as well as enrich their life.

单元自测

1完形填空

B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

For two weeks I would try to be a loving husband and father. Totally 21 . The idea had come to me as I listened to a commentator (解说员) on my car's tape player. He was 22 a passage about

husbands' being 23 of their wives. Then he went on to say, "Love is an act of will. A person can 24 to love."

To myself, I had to admit that I had been dulled by my own insensitivity ( 感觉迟钝). So I would like to 25 . And it did. Right from the moment I kissed Katherine at the door and said, "That new yellow sweater looks 26 on you." "Oh, Tom, you noticed." She said, surprised and 27 .

After the long drive, I wanted to sit and read. Katherine suggested a walk on the beach. I started to refuse, but then I thought, "Katherine's been 28 here with the children the year round." We walked on the beach while the children flew their kites. We visited the shell museum though I usually hate museums. Relaxed and happy, that's how the whole 29 passed. I made a new promise to keep on 30 to choose to love.

21. A. loved B. lovely C. lovable D. loving

22. A. thinking B. writing C. reading D. believing

23. A. helpful B. useful C. thoughtful D. hopeful

24. A. want B. choose C. remember D. ask

25. A. happen B. change C. develop . D. forbid

26. A. great B. big C. small D. old

27. A. frightened B. anxious C. pleased D. disappointed

28. A. asleep B. alone C. alive D. awake

thank him, but

―我‖

―我‖也会帮

35. Looking。this stranger是动词look into的发生者,所以这里用looking into表示逻辑的主动关系。

36. Whatever。Whatever引导主语从句,表示―无论什么不对的事情都会过去的‖。

37. completely。completely 副词修饰动词lost。

38. to。―我‖在校园找他的目的是为了感谢他,此处是不定式作目的状语。

39. him。承接上句,―我‖满校园找他,但是从此以后都没有见过他。him作宾语。

40. which。定语从句,先行词是that moment并且在后面的部分作主语,而且此处是非限制性定语从句,关系代词只能用which。

3阅读理解

first three months and should limit to one or two ounces once or twice a week afterwards. It replaces previous guidance of saying small daily amounts were fine.

NICE decided to tighten its guidance partly because of the concern that people are now drinking more than in the past. Previous draft guidance suggested women should drink an ounce of alcohol a day once they were past the first three months of pregnancy. The Department of Health in England changed its guidance last year, calling for no drinking while pregnant or while trying to get pregnant.

Drinking heavily in pregnancy can cause fetal alcohol syndrome (胎儿酒精综合症), which can leave children with features like small heads, widely spaced eyes and behavior or learning problems,

The experts said there was no evidence that several ounces once or twice a week would do any harm to the baby but could not categorically rule out (排除) any risk.

National Childbirth Trust agreed women should limit their drinking during pregnancy. "Pregnant women who have had a few drinks often worry a great deal about whether they have harmed their baby. In general, it is believed that if a light infrequent drinker, in good health, drinks to the point of drunkenness on one occasion, the risk to her baby is small."

NICE also made a number of other recommendations for the care of women in the UK who were pregnant or planning to get pregnant. It said vitamin D and folic acid (叶酸) supplements should be offered by health staff to help avoid conditions such as rickets (软骨病) and spina bifida (脊

椎裂). Officials also called for local health officials to ensure equal support plans where mothers encourage new parents to breastfeed are set up. NICE also called for improvements in the care of pregnant women with diabetes. About 20;000 pregnancies each year are affected by diabetes and, therefore, carry, higher risk of miscarriage (流产) and still birth. The guidance said women should get access to advice and support, in particular to achieve good blood sugar control before they get pregnant.

41. What is the advice made by the Department of Health on drinking alcohol during pregnancy?

A. Little in the first three months and a gradual increase afterwards.

B. An ounce a day after the first three months.

C. No drinking for pregnant women.

D. Those who drink regularly need not worry about the harm to their babies.

42. What's the meaning of the underlined word "categorically'' in Paragraph 3 ?

A. Honestly.

B. Absolutely.

C. Physically.

D. Doubtfully.

43. According to the passage, miscarriage is caused most probably by __________.

A. the lack of vitamin D and folic acid

B. rickets and spina bifida

C. the lack of doctors' advice and support

D. diabetes carded by pregnant women

44. National Childbirth Trust found that __________.

A. a pregnant woman drinking alcohol infrequently has little risk to her baby

B. pregnant women who drink a little occasionally are always afraid of the effects

C. there is no evidence that a pregnant woman drinking alcohol might harm her baby

D. getting drunk once won‘t harm the baby

45. In this passage, the author mainly intends to ___________.

A. show NICE's new guidance on pregnant women's alcohol drinking and its advice for the care of pregnant women

B. warn pregnant women against any alcohol during pregnancy

C. show the present situation of pregnant women's drinking limit

D. call for more care for pregnant women in society

答案:

NICE建议孕期女士不要饮酒。文中涉及到了英国不同健康机构以及英国政府对孕妇饮酒事宜的不同规定,但是同时指出了孕妇饮酒会对胎儿有不良的影响,从而呼吁孕妇限制饮酒甚至不要饮酒。同时,NICE还对怀孕和准备怀孕的女士保健工作提出了一些其他的建议,提倡社会各方面来关注孕妇的健康。

41. C。事实细节题。题干考查the Department of Health关于孕妇喝酒的建议,文中第二段说到―The Department of Hea lth in England changed its guidance last year, calling for no drinking while pregnant or while trying to get pregnant.‖可以看出,该机构现在呼吁孕妇在怀孕期间不要喝酒,因此C项正确。

42. B。词义猜测题。根据词汇所在的句子―The experts said there was no evidence that several ounces once or twice a week wo uld do any harm to the baby but could not categorically rule out any risk.‖的句意:专家认为没有证据表明一周内喝一次或两次几盎司的就会对胎儿造成伤害,但是不能(categorically)排除任何危险。根据下段的最后一句the risk to her baby is small可知少量的饮酒对胎儿会造成比较微小的伤害,所以categorically在这里意为―完全地‖,也就是说,专家认为没有证据表明一周内喝一次或两次几盎司的就会对胎儿造成伤害,但是不能完全排除危险。

43. D。事实细节题。根据文章第五段的―About 20,000 pregnancies each year are affected by diabetes and, therefore, carry higher risk of miscarriage and still birth.‖可以看出,患有糖尿病的孕妇有着很高的流产风险,所以应该选D。

44. B。推理判断题。文中的第四段是National Childbirth Trust的发现,根据―... agre ed women should limit their drinking during pregnancy. ?Pregnant women who have had a few drinks often worry a great deal about whether they have harmed their baby.‘‖可以看出,即使喝酒不多的孕妇也会很担心喝酒会对胎儿不利,所以B正确。A项是不完整的,文中说―In general, it is believed that if a light, infrequent drinker, in good health, drinks to the point of drunkenness on one occasion, the risk to her baby is small.‖可知对胎儿造成比较微小的危险的怀孕妇女有以下特征:light, infrequent drinker, in good health, on one occasion,而此选项只是断章取义,所以错误,同理,D项也由此判断为错误选项。

45. A。作者意图猜测题。作者刚开始介绍了NICE关于孕妇饮酒的新的规定,然后第五段NICE提出了一些关爱英国怀孕妇女的建议,所以应该选A。

4基础写作

[写作内容]

假如你的美国朋友John想了解有关2010年在广州召开的第16届亚运会的一些情况,现在让你给他写一封信介绍第16届广州亚运会会徽及意义,信件内容应包含以下内容:

1.太阳,意味着亚运会充满活力;

2.五羊标志,代表广州及其人民的美好愿望:

3.四条跑道和五羊结合成燃烧的火炬,象征燃烧着的亚运会圣火:

4.会徽里的文字表示第16届亚运会举办的地点和时间。

[写作要求]

高中英语必修二知识点总结

欢迎使用,祝您学有所成。 第一单元 1)state 指“国家”时,常表示“政权,国体”等政治性概念,首字母常常大写。 表示“状态,情况”时,为可数名词,常作单数;in a state表示“处于混乱或者是不整洁的状态”;get into a state变得十分紧张。 in state 庄严堂皇的,隆重的 state也可以作动词,表示“陈述,阐明,声明”,多用于正式场合或者是公文,商务信函,日常用语中应该避免。 表示“据说,据称”常用于it或者sb/sth作主语的被动句中。 2)rare 作形容词,表示“罕见的,稀少的,稀有的,难得的”,可形容人或者是物。 rare也可以指肉,表示“未熟的,半熟的”。 rare也是作副词,相当于rarely,意思是“很,非常”。 rare和and连用,相当于一个副词,意思是“很,极,非常”。 3)belong 不能用于被动语态和进行时。 belong in 适宜于,用利于,应该用在……。 4)gift 表示“礼物”。 表示“天赋,才能”后接for或者是of。 表示“捐赠”常与of连用。 5)melt 表示“融化,溶解”。 melt into逐渐融入,逐渐变成。 melt还可以表示“心变软,生怜悯之情”。 melt sth down 重新融化,回炉。 6)heat 作不可数名词,表示“热,炎热,热度,发热”,前面常用定冠词。 表示“供暖(费)”。 作动词,表示“变热,变暖”,常与up连用;也可以表示“使激发愤怒”。 7)design 作动词,表示具体,确切地“计划,设计”。 也可以表示“打算,预定”,指为一目的而作安排,常用于被动语态。 表示“设计样式,设计图案”为可数名词;表示“设计工艺,设计布局,意图”为不可数名词。 by design 故意地have designs upon/on sb(sth)图谋(生命,财产)。 8)fancy 作动词,多用作及物动词,后接名词,从句或者是动名词。 fancy接从句时,意为“认为,猜想”。 fancy接名词,代词,动名词(不能接不定式),意思为“想想,设想,想要”。 用于感叹句,意为“真想不到,谁能想到……竟然”。

(完整word版)人教版高一英语必修二英语课文原文(2)

Frederick William Ⅰ,the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewit nesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. Unit 2 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.

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Unit 1 Cultural relics I. 单元教学目标 II. 目标语言

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人教版新课标高中英语必修二教案合集

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高中英语必修二重点词组归纳 Unit1 Cultural relics 1)in search of = in the search for 寻找search for sb/ sth 寻找某人/物 search … for sb/ sth 搜查…以寻找某人/物 2)decorate sth with 用…装饰decorate sth in/after…style按照…风格装饰 decorate for 为…装饰 3)belong to 属于 4)in return for 作为回报,作为报答(原因) 5)no doubt 无疑地,很可能without (a) doubt 无疑地beyond doubt 毫无疑问 (常作插入语)in doubt 感到怀疑的 6)be worth doing sth 值得做某事 7)take apart 拆开come/ fall apart 崩溃,瓦解apart from 除了…以外都,除去 8)in evidence 明显的,显而易见的 9)at the entrance to 去…的入口 10)think highly/much/a lot of 高度赞扬/评价think little/poorly of 忽视,不重视 11)in the fancy style 流行式样 12)at war 处于交战状态 13)more/ less than 多/少于 14)such an amazing history如此神奇的一段历史=so amazing a history 15)cultural relics 文化遗产 16)develop an interest in… 培养对…的兴趣 17)remain a mystery 仍然是一个谜 18)a troop of his best soldiers他最好的一队士兵 19)celebrate the 300th birthday庆祝第300个生日 20)agree with this opinion 赞同这个观点agree with sb 同意某人的观点 21)see sth by the light of the moon借着光看见某物 22)the entrance to the mine 矿洞的入口处 23)be used to do sth 被用来做某事 24)in fact =as matter of fact 事实上 25)add more details to… 添加更多细节到… 26)care about 关心 27)rather than 而不是 28)at midnight 在午夜 29)to one’s surprise 令某人感到惊喜 Unit2 The Olympic Game 1)compete with/ against 与…进行竞争compete for 为…而竞 compete in 参加…比赛 2)take part in 参加,参与(+活动) 3)stand for 代表,象征,表示stand aside/by 袖手旁观,待命 stand against 靠在…上stand out 突出,显眼 4)keep regular hours 过着有规律的生活 5)on a regular basis 有规律地

新课标高中英语必修二课文翻译

2.(课文翻译)Unit 1寻找琥珀屋 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。这件礼物就是琥珀屋,它之所以有这个名字,是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽,呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。 事实上,这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿设计(制作)的。然而,下一位普鲁士国王,腓特烈·威廉一世,这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。在1716年,他把琥珀屋送给了彼得大帝。作为回赠,沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。这样,琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宫的一部分。这间琥珀屋长约四米,被用作招待重要来宾的小型会客室。 后来,叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。她叫她的工匠在原来设计的基础上增添了更多精细的装饰。1770年,这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。将近600支蜡烛照亮了这个房间,里面的镜子和图画就像金子一样闪闪发光,可悲的是,尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹之一,可是现在它却消失了。 1941年9月,纳粹德国的军队逼近圣彼得堡。这是在两国交战的时期。在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前,俄罗斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术饰品搬走。可是琥珀屋本身却被一些纳粹分子偷偷地运走了。在不到两天的时间里,10万个部件装进了27个木箱。毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡,它是当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。从那以后,琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。 近来,俄罗斯人和德国人已经在夏宫建起了一个新的琥珀屋,通过研究琥珀屋原来的照片,他们建造的新琥珀屋样子和旧的看起来非常像。2003年,圣彼得堡人民就用它来庆祝该市建成300周年。 3.事实还是看法? 什么是事实呢?是不是人们所相信的就是事实呢?不是。事实是可以证实的信息。举例来说,中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多,这是可以得到证实的,这就是事实。 那么,什么是看法呢?看法是人们相信是真实的但是未经证实。因此在审判中, 看法不是强有力的证据。举例来说,如果你 说:“猫作为宠物比狗好。”这就是看法, 这个看法可能是正确的,但是它难以被证 实。有些人可能不同意这种看法,但是他们 也不能证明他们是正确的。 在审判中,法官必须断定哪些证人可以相 信,哪些证人不能相信。法官并不考虑证人 的长相如何,也不考虑这个人住在哪里,在 哪儿工作。他(她)关心的只是目击者是否 提供了真实的信息,这些信息必须是事实而 不是个人观点或看法。这种信息就叫做证 据。 2.(课文翻译)Unit 2采访 帕萨尼亚斯是大约2000年前的一位希腊 作家,他于2007年3月18日作了一次魔幻 旅行,来打听当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。 现在他正在采访一位2008年奥林匹克运动 会的志愿者李燕。 帕:我叫帕萨尼亚斯。我生活在你们所说的 “古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克 运动会的情况。现在我来到你们这个时代, 想了解有关当代奥运会的情况,因为我知道 2004年奥运会是在我的祖国举行的。我可 以问你几个有关现代奥林匹克运动会的问 题吗? 李:天哪!你真的来自那么久远的年代?当 然你可以问你想问的问题。你想知道什么 呢? 帕:你们的奥运会多久举行一次? 李:每四年一次。运动会有两种:夏季奥运 会和冬季奥运会。这两种运动会都是四年举 行一次。冬季奥运会总是在夏季奥运会的前 两年举行。只有达到他们各自项目统一标准 的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。选手可以 来自全世界任何一个地方。 帕:冬季奥运会?冬天运动员怎么可能赛跑 啊?又怎么可能赛马呢? 李:噢,不!冬奥会并不包括跑步和骑马比 赛,但是却有像滑冰和滑雪这类需要冰雪的 比赛项目,所以才叫它冬季奥运会。跑步、 游泳、划船和一些团队项目是在夏季运动会 上进行。 帕:我明白了。你原来说邀请来的运动员来 自世界各地。你指的是希腊世界?我们希腊 各个城市之间曾经为了赢得荣誉而彼此竞 争。别的国家不能参加,奴隶和妇女也不能 参加。 李:现在只要他们的运动员达到了参赛的标 准,任何国家都能参赛。总共有250多个运 动项目,每个项目都有自己的标准。妇女不 仅允许参加,而且她们还在体操、竞技和团 队等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用…… 帕:请等一下!所有这么多项目,所有这么 多国家,甚至妇女也都参加!所有这些参赛 的人住在哪里呢? 李:每届奥运会都有一个特殊的村庄(奥运 村)供参赛的人住,一个主要的接待大楼, 好几个供比赛用的体育场,还有一个室内体 育馆。 帕:那听起来要花很多钱吧。会有人想承办 奥运会吗? 李:事实上,每个国家都想抓住这个机会。 被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有 极大的荣誉。国与国之间争取奥运会承办权 的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样的激烈。2008 年的奥运会将在中国举行,你知道吗? 帕:是的,听说过,你一定很自豪。 李:当然。那么2012年的奥运会将在伦敦 举行。他们现在已开始筹划。在伦敦的东部 将为运动员建立一个新的奥运村和所有的 运动场。当然还会设计新的奖牌…… 帕:你刚才说奖牌是吗?就连橄榄枝花环也 被取代了!天哪,你们也为奖金而竞赛吗? 李:不,不是的。仍然是为了能够跑得更快, 跳得更高,掷得更远。你知道,奥运会的口 号就是“更快,更高,更强”。 帕:这是个好消息。很有趣!占用了你的时 间,非常感谢。 3.(课文翻译)阿特兰大的故事 特兰大是一位希腊公主。她长得很美, 跑得比希腊的任何男人都快,但是她却不被 允许在奥运会上参加比赛为自己赢得荣誉。 她因此非常生气,就跟她的父亲说,她不会 嫁给任何跑不过她的男人的。她的父亲说她 必须结婚,于是亚特兰大就和她的父亲达成 了一个协议。她对父亲说:“我有我的条件。 如果有人说想娶我,我就跟他赛跑。如果他 跑得不如我快,他就要被杀掉,任何人不得 求饶。” 许多国王和王子想要娶阿特兰大。但是当听 到她规定的条件时,他们知道是没有希望 的,因此许多人就闷闷不乐地回家了,但是 也有一些人留下来赛跑。有位叫希波墨涅斯 的人,听到亚特兰大的条件,大为吃惊。他 想:“为什么这些人那么愚蠢呢?为什么他 们跑不过这个公主就让别人把自己杀掉 呢?”后来,当希波墨涅斯看到亚特兰大从 屋子里出来跑步时,他改变了主意。他说: “我要娶亚特兰大,否则就去死。” 比赛开始了,虽然那些男人跑得很快,可是 亚特兰大跑得更快。希波墨涅斯想:“我怎 样才能跑得像亚特兰大一样快呢?”他去 向希腊爱情女神求助。女神答应帮助他,并 且给了他三个金苹果。她说:“当亚特兰大 跑过你的时候,你就把一个苹果扔在她前 面。当她停下来去捡苹果时,你就可以继续 向前跑而获胜。”希波墨涅斯拿着苹果去见 国王。他说:“我要娶亚特兰大。”国王很忧伤,因 为又要看到一个人去送死了,但是希波墨涅斯说: “我要娶她,要不,我就去死。”于是比赛开始了。 2.(课文翻译)Unit 3我是谁? 经过一段时间我已经被改变了很多。1642年我在法 国诞生时是一台计算机器。尽管当时我还年轻,但是 我能简化一些复杂的数学题。我发育缓慢,差不多到 了两百年之后,查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分 析机。在操作员用穿卡孔为我设计程序后,我能够进 行逻辑“思考”,并且能够比任何人更快地算出答 案。那时这被当作是一次技术革命,也是我“人工智 能”的开始。在1936年,我真正的父亲艾伦·图灵 写了一本书,讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器” 来解决任何数学难题。从那时起,我在体积和脑容量 方面迅速成长。到二十世纪四十年代,我已经长得像 一间屋子那么大,我不知道是否还会长得更大。但是, 这个现实也使得我的设计者很担心。随着时间的推 移,我被弄得越来越小。自二十世纪七十年代以来, 我一直被用在办公室和家庭里,先是用作个人电脑, 后来又被做成便携式。 这些变化只有随着我的存储能力的不断提高才成为 可能。最初是被存储到电子管中,以后是晶体管上, 后来是非常小的芯片上。因此,我已经完全改变了我 的形状。随着我的年龄越来越大,我也变得越来越小。 随着时间的推移,我的记忆能力发展得如此之快,就 像一头大象一样,从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情! 我的存储容量变得如此巨大,连我自己都不能相信! 但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里,直到二十世纪六十 年代初,人们才给了我一个用网络联成的家庭。我能 够通过万维网和其他人分享我的知识。 从二十世纪七十年代起,我又被开发出了很多新的用 途。我在通讯、金融和商业领域变得非常重要。我还 被放在机器人里面,被用来制作移动手机,并且用来 帮助作医疗手术。我还被放置在航空火箭里去探测月 球和火星。不管怎样,我的目标是给人类提供高质量 得生活。现在我充满了幸福感,因为我是人类忠实的 朋友并时时给他们提供帮助。 3.(课文翻译)机器人安迪 我是安迪足球队的一个成员。每年大约有一次, 我们可以获准在一起进行一次足球赛。我同真人一样 大小。事实上我看上去也很像人。我在球队中是前锋, 所以我需要跑得非常快。我的电脑芯片帮助我像真人 一样运动和思考。例如,当我前面没人防守有机会射 一个好球的时候,我已经学会了用计算机语言向队友 示意把球传给我。 我第一次足球比赛是几年前在日本的名古屋。去年, 我们队去了美国华盛顿州的西雅图比赛,获得了第二 名。我个人认为得冠军的那个队作弊了。他们恰好在 比赛前研制了一种新程序。因此我们也需要鼓励我们 的程序编制员来提高我们的智能。我们决心创造一个 更好的系统。从某种程度上看,我们的程序员就像是 我们的教练。她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能 动作编入我们的程序,然后她把我在新情况下能用得 上的可靠动作准备好。这样,我就可以用“人工智

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