1. a / an , dis , in , im , il, ir , non , un = no , not 表示否定 意义的词首 。
(1) a-
atheist
asymmetry irregularity
atypical
anarchy (archy ( chief / 政府 ） + y )
anonymous ( onym = name , ous ( 形容词性词尾 ） 匿名的
（2） dis-
disabled
disadvantage ( advantage )
disarm ( arm )
discontented ( contented )
discover (oover )
discredit
disease
disengage ( engage = 占用 ）
disgrace
dishonest
disinterested 反义词 ： selfish ; egocentric ; self-centreed
dishonour
dislocate
dismiss
disobedient ( obedient) 反义词 ： submissive
disposal
dispose
dissatisfied
dissimilar ( diverse various )
distasteful
( 3 ) in -
inaccurate (accurate )
inalienable ( alienable )
inapplicable ( applicable )
incoherent ( conerent )
inconsiderate ( considerate )
inconvenience ( convenience )
incurable ( curable )
indecent
independence
independent (dependent)
independently(dependently)
indifferent (different)
indispensable (dispensable) Air and water are indispensable to me .
inequality ( equality )
infinite ( finite )
informal ( formal )
inelegent ( elegent )
ineffective ( effective )
inelastic ( elastic )
inevitable ( evitable)
inexhaustible ( exhuast )
inexperience (experience )
inhospitality ( hospitality ) Synonyms : indifference unconcern
injustice ( justice )
insomnia ( somnia )
intolerable ( tolerable )
invincible (vincible)
invisible ( visible )
(4) im ( +b/m/p 开头的）—
imbalance (balance )
immature ( mature )
immoral ( moral ) immoral behaviour threatens our life .
immorality ( morality)
imperfect ( perfect )
immortal ( mortal ) synonyms : eternal everlasting
immaterial ( material )
immoderate ( moderate )
impersonal
impossible
improper ( proper )
impurity ( purity )
(5) ill (+l 开头的）-
illegal （ legal )
illogical ( logical)
illegible ( legible )
illiterate ( literate )
illiteracy ( literacy )
illiquid ( liquid )
illiberal ( liberal )
illimitable ( limitable )
(6) ir (+ r 开头的 ）-
irregular
irresistible
irresolute
irresolution
irrational
irrelevant
irremediable (remediable)
irrespective( respective)
irreplaceable(replaceable)
irresponsible(responsible)
irreversible(reversible)
irrevocable(revocable) ( aging , like death is an irreversible process )
(7) non-
nonelastic ( elastic )
nonexistence (existence)
nonhuman (human)
noninterference ( interference)
nonperformance ( performance)
nonproductive(productive)
nonsense ( sense)
nonviolent (violent)
(8) un-
unable ( able )
unacceptable (acceptable )
unavailable ( available )
unavoidable(avoidable)
unbearable ( bearable)
unbelievable (believable)
uncivilised ( civilised)
uncomfortable ( comfortable)
uncommon ( common)
unconditional ( conditional )
undeniable ( deniable)
unde
sirable ( desirable )
undisciplined ( disciplined )
undoubtedly ( doubt )
uneasy
unemployed
unfair
unethical synonyms ( immoral )
unfavourable ( favourable )
ungrateful ( grateful )
unhealthy
unimaginable ( imaginable )
unjustifiable ( justifiable )
unlawful ( lawful )
unlikely ( likely )
unorganised ( organised )
unprejudiced ( prejudiced )
unquestionable ( questionable )
unrealistic ( realistic )
unreasonable ( reasonable )
unrestricted ( restrict)
unsanitary ( sanitary )
unsociable ( sociable )
unsystematic ( systematic )
unusual ( usual )
unwed ( unwed ) wed
unworth ( unworth )
2. de , di , dis , se = away , aside 表示“ 离开 ， 出去 ” 等涵义
（1）. De-
decaffeinate ( coffee )
decentralise
decompose ( compose )
decontaminate ( contaminate )
decompress ( compress )
deduce ( duce )
dehumanise ( humanise )
dehydrate ( hydrate )
demystify ( mystify )
devolve
dewater ( water )
detached
(2). Di-
divert ( divert ) divert one's interest
diversity
diversify
divest ( vest )
(3). Dis-
distract ( tract )
distracted
distribute (distribute)
distribution
dispel
displace
disrupt ( rupt )
4). Se-
secede
seclude ( clude )
segregated
separate
select
seduce
3. ad ( ac , af , ag , al , an , ap , ar , as , at ) = to / on 表示“ 到 ，向 ， 附加 ” 等涵义 。
adapt
adaptability
adhere
adhesive
adjust
admirable ( mirable )
admit ( mit )
advantaged ( vantage ) benefit
adventure ( venture )
adverse
advertise
advisable
advocate
ac ( + c ）
accessible
accompany ( company )
accountable ( countable )
accustom ( custom )
accelerate ( accelerate )
af ( + f )
affirm
affix
affect
affection
affectionate
affluent ( fluent )
4) . ag ( + g )
aggressive ( progressive )
aggregate ( segregate )
aggrieve ( grieve )
5) . Al+ (l )
allure ( lure )
allocate ( locate )
allergic
6). As + ( s
associate
assist
assure
assign
assent
assimilate
7). At + ( t )
attest testify certify
attract ( tract )
attach (tache)
attend ( tend )
attendance
attain ( tain )
attempt ( tempt ) lure
4. aero = air 表示 “ 天空 ” 的涵义
aerobic
aerocamera
aerodynamics ( dynamics )
aeromedicine ( medicine )
aeronaut ( naut= sail )
aerophobia ( phobia )
aerophysics ( physics )
aerospace ( space )
5. after , post , re retro = backward , after , again 表示 “ 向后， 在后 ”的涵义
（1). After -
aftercare
aftershock (shock )
aftertaste (taste )
afterlight ( light)
afterlife ( life )
(2). Post -
postdoctor ( doctor )
postwar
postgraduate ( graduate )
postmeridian ( meridian )
postscript ( script = write )
postface ( face )
(3) re-
recover ( cover )
remove ( move )
respect ( spect )
review ( view )
revive ( vive )
revolve ( revolve )
retri
bute ( tribute )
rewrite ( write )
(4) retro -
retrograde ( grade )
retrogress ( gress )
retrogressive ( gressive )
retrospect ( spect )
retrospective
retrospction I enjoy the pleasures of retrospection .
6. anti , contra(0) , counter , ob / op = against 表示“ 反对 ， 想对 ” 的涵义
1). Anti-
antiforeign ( foreign )
antipathy
antisocial ( social )
antibiotic ( bio = life )
antitank ( tank )
antirust ( rust )
antipollution ( pollution )
antimissile ( missile )
antibody ( body )
2).contra ( o )
contradict ( dict = say )
contradictory ( dictory )
contrast
contrary
controvert ( vert ) vert = turn
controversy ( versy )
controversial ( versial )
3). Counter-
countermeasure ( measure )
counterattack ( attack )
countercurrent ( current )
counterclockwise ( clockwise )
counterpart ( part )
counterculture ( culture ) cultivate
4). Ob / op ( + p 开头的字母 ）
object ( ject ) ( ject = throw )
objection ( jection )
obstacle
obstruct ( struct )
oppose ( pose )
opposable
opposite
oppression ( pression )
oppressive ( pressive ) ( the air had been stale and oppressive , now fresh winds are blowing .
7 . Bene , eu , well = good , well 表示“ 好 ” 的涵义
1). Bene-
Benefactor ( factor )
benefit ( fit )
benevolent ( volent ) the rich are not benevolent , the benevolent are not rich .
beneficial ( ficial ) sunshine is beneficial to plants .
benediction please accept my benediction .
2). Eu-
eulogise = praise I eulogised the tall and straight trunk of the white poplar .
eugenics ( genics )
euthanasia ( thana = death ) 安乐死 Euthanasia is illegal in most countries .
3). Wel(l) -
welfare ( fare ) fare = live
wellbeing long term benefits include reduced stress and anxiety levels , and increased feeling of calm and wellbeing .
wellborn ( born )
welleducated ( education )
welcome we welcome more foreign industries to invest in our country .
8. circum = round 表示“ 圆 ， 环 ， 周 ， 围 ” 等涵义 。
circumstance ( stance )
circumspect ( spect ) we should be circumspect and always investigate before acting .
circumfluence ( fluence ) the best rate of circumfluence was 100 % .
circumlunar ( lunar )
circumsolar (solar )
circumscribe ( scribe = write )
circumfuse ( fuse )
9. con , com , co , col , cor , syn , sym 表示“共同，一起”的意思
1）. Con-
concentrate ( verb ) centre central central city
concern ( cern = separate ) concerning / regarding
conclusion
concrete money is concrete and wealth is abstract .
concretely
conductor ( ductor )
conference (synonyms : meeting )
confirm
conflict ( flict = strike )
confront ( front )
confuse ( fuse )
conjunction ( junction )
conserve ( serve )
consume ( sume
)
contain ( tain = hold )
contemporary ( temporary )
contest ( test )
contract (tract )
contribute ( contribute to ) I believe hard work contributor success .
contributive Exercises taken in open air is contributive to health .
contributor
convert you must convert it into dynamic energy by the power of your thought .
2. com ( + b/m/p 开头的 ）-
compose
compress
compromise life is to compromise to what you don't accept initially .
commotion ( motion )
compatible ( patible )
complot ( plot = plan )
compressible
compulsive ( pulsive )
compulsory
compete ( pete ) competely
competion
3). Co
coeducation
coeditor
coefficient ( efficient )
coequal ( equal )
coexist ( exist )
coordinate ( ordinate )
cooperation
cooperative
coowner ( owner )
cohesion
cohere ( here )
4). Col (+ l 开头的 ）
collect
collaborate
collapse ( lapse )
collocation ( location )
5). Cor ( + r 开头的 ）
corruption ( rupt= break )
correlative ( relative )
correct ( correct )
6). Syn-
synchronise ( chron = time )
synchronic ( chronic )
synchroflash ( flash )
syndrome ( drome = space )
7). Sym ( + m / p 开头的 ） -
symptom ( ptom ) fever is a symptom of illness .
sympathy ( pathy )
10. de . down , sub , under = down , under
1). de-
decline
deforestation
degrade
degradable
depend
deplete
deprive
destruciton
devalue
descendant
depressed
deprciate
despise
2). down-
download
downhearted
downtrend
downfall
downpour
downhill
3). sub-
subdivide (divide ) you can use sales organisations to subdivide markets into regions .
suburb
submarine
subtitle (title)
subconscious ( conscious )
subcontract ( contract )
subnormal ( normal)
subtropical (tropical)
4). under-
undergo
underground
undergrown
underdrainage
undermine
undershirt
underserved
undervalue
undersign
undermentioned
underemployment
undercharge
undergraduate ( graduate )
underestimate ( estimate 估计的)
underprivileged ( privilege/有特权的)
11. dis , mal(e) , mis= bad , wrong 表示“ 坏 ， 错 ” 的涵义
1）dis -
disposal (pos = put / 放置） + al (形容词词尾）
they placed everything at my disposal .
dispose If we don't dispose of the waste computer properly
,it will cause heavy contamination to air , water and soil ,
and do great harm to human .
2). mal(e)-
malefactor
malnutrition ( nutri = nourish )
malnourishd ( nourish )
maladjusted ( adjust )
malformation ( formation)
malfuction (fuction)
malparctice
3). mis-
misbehave ( behave )
misconceive ( conceive 构想 )
misconduct ( conduct / behavior )
misdistri
bution (distribution)
misfortune ( fortune)
misguidance
misguide
misguiding
mishandle
misidentify
misinformation
misprint
misremember
misreport
misrepresent ( represent )
misuse
12. e , ex = out , out of , fully
1). e-
erupt ( rupt= break ) there was a mood of excitement , a nervous calm before
the storm of luck which was about to erupt .
erase ( ras(e)= scrape 擦)
eradicate v.根除
evacuate v. 疏散 撤出 排泄
evaluate vt. 评价 估计 ， 求....的价值 ； vi .评价
evident
evolve (volve = roll)
emit (mit = send )
emigrate (migrate )
election
2). ex-
exceed
excessive
exchange
exclude
expect
expedition
expel (pel)
expend
expense
explore
export
expose ( uncover , disclose )
extend ( tend = stretch / 张开） It must begin with your own thoughts , and then extend outward .
3). equ－
equality
equator
equation
equidistant
equilateral
equivalent
2). homo-
homonym ( nym=name)
homosexual ( sexual )
homogenous
14. extra , hyper , over , super , sur , out , up = over , beyond
1) extra -
extraterrestrial ( terr ( earth ) / estrial (形容词词尾)) adj地球以外的
Discovering just one extraterrestrial civilisation would have profound significance .
extracurricullar ( curricullar (course )) 课外的
extralegal legal = （legal ） adj. 超越法律的
extraordinary ( ordinary )
extraviolet (violet)
2). hyper-
hypertension (tension 紧张）
hyperinflation
hypersensitive
hypersonic
hypercritical ( critical )
hypersomnia ( somnia )
3). over-
overcast
overbear
overblow v. （（风等 ）吹散 吹到 狂吹 ）
In the mumberous overlooks , the pink flower between dance , dress sleeve
of a robe with the gentle wind after overblowing is a lonely land .
在无数次的眺望里，红粉花间舞，群阙随风扬，风过后，吹落的是一地的寂寞。
overbridge
overbuild
overcharge
overcome
overconfidence
overindulge ( indulge = spoil 溺爱）
overindulgence
overestimate ( estim = value )
overexpose (pose )
overflow ( flow = liquid )
overnight
overall
overtake
overuse
overweight
overbridge
overbuild
overcharge
overcome
overconfidence
overindulge
overindulgence
overestimate
overexpose
overflow
overnight
overall
overtake
overuse
overweight （overwhelming )
4) super-
superexcellent
superficial
superfine
superior
superiority
superman
supernormal
supersensitive
supersonic
superstition
superstitious
superstructure
supervise
supervision
supervisor
5). sur-
surface
surmount
su
rmontable
surmountable
surpass
survive
surcharge
surplus
6). out-
outbrave
outcast
outclass
outdistance we have allowed the means by which we live to outdistance
the ends for which we live .
outflow
outgrow
outlandish
outlaw
outlive
outrageous
outright
outstanding
outweight
7). up-
upgrade
uphill
uprising
upwind
upsurge (surge)
uptight (tight)
uppish (pish)
upset (set )
upturn (turn)
upstate (state)
15. fore , pre , pro = before , forward 表示‘在前，向前’的含义
1）. fore-
beforehand adv
forecast
foredoom ( doom = decide )
forefather
forehead
foremost
foresee / foreshow / forenotice
foresight ( foresight tells us that the world has a bright future .
2). pre-
precious / valuable / priceless / worthy ／ invaluable
prefix
precede precede
precedence
precedent creat / establish / set a precedent for sth .
precaution
premature
premarital ( martital)
preliminary
preliminary
prefer
preferable
preferental
preference
prejudice
prepare
present
prevent
prevention
preserve
prevailing
prevalent
previous
3). pro-
proceed
process
produce
profound
progress
prohibit
project
prolong
promote
propel
propeller
prophet
propose proposal / suggest / advise
prospect
prospective
prosper prosperity / prosperous = thrive / flourish
protect / protection / protective / protector / preserve / defend
protract / extend . lengthen / prolong let's not protract the debate any further .
provide / offer
16. hemi , semi = half 表示半 类似 的含义
1). hemi-
hemicrania ( crinia = headache )
hemiplegia ( plegia = paralysis )
hemisphere (shpere ) the northern hemisphere is the part of the world north of the equator
and the southern hemisphere is south of the equator
2). Semi-
semicircle
semiannual
semitransparent
semibarbarian
semiautomatic
semicivilised
semifinal
semimechanic
17. hetero = diferent , other
heterogeneous ( geneous ( sort / 种类）)
heterochromous ( chromous = colour )
heterosexual
18. in , im , inter , intro = into between 表示：“进入 ，....之间的含义”
1). in -
inborn unlock your inborn creativity , learn how to solve any problem , overcome any obstacle ,and achieve any goal .
inboard ( board)
inclose
include I once was subjected to good eduction I like to have someting to do with vogue , including clothing , decoration ,
building painting....
income
increase ( crease = fold )
indebted ( debt )
indigenous ( gen= produce )
induce
infectious ( contagious )
infringe ( fringe = edge ) infringement
inherent / inborn
innovation
innovative
insight
inspect / examine / check / investigate
inspire / motivate
inspiration
istinct birds learn to fly by instinct
intake
intense
intensive
internal / inner / interior
introverted
involve ( be involved in / with ....)
2). im (+ b/m/p 开头的）-
immediate
imitate
imperative
immigrate
implant
impose
impel
impenetrate
implicate
impress
impression
3). inter -
interaction
interfere
interference
internet
international
interpersonal
interrupt
intervene
intervention
interweave
interstate
interracial
interreligious ( religion )
interview
4). intro-
introduce
introductory
introspect
introspective
introversive
19. magni , maxi , macro , mega(lo) = big , great
1)magn(i)
magnify
magnificent
magnification
magnifier
2). maxi-
maximun
maximize
maximal
3). macro-
macrobiotics
macroclimate
macroeconomics
macrophysics
macrostructure
4). mega(lo)-
megaphone
magastore
magacity
magadeath
magalomania easy success may lead to megalomania
20. mini , micro = small , trivial
1) mini-
minimize
miniature
minify
mimimal
minimum
miniskirt
ministate
2) micro-
microphone
microfilm
microscope
microbiology
microsoft
microcomputer
microchip
microprogram
microprocessor
21. para=contrary ,beside
paradox
parallel
paramedic
paralanguage
22. per=through , thoroughly
perfect
perpetual / a contented mind is a perpetual
permanent / wealth is not an everlasting friend , but a friend is permanent wealth !
permit
permission
permissive
persistence / the secret of success in learning english is persistence .
persistent
perspective
perform
persuade
persuse
23. phil(o) = love 表示“ 爱 ， 恋 ， 喜欢”的含义
philanthropist ( phil + anthrop ( human ) + ist )
philosophy ( philo + sophy ( wise ) )
24. pseudo = false 表示 “ 假 ， 冒充 ”含义。
pseudo-random
pseudo-social
pseudonym
pseudo-science
25. trans = through , over
transatlantic
transport
translate
transfer
transferable
transform
transgress
transfuse
translocation
transmigrate
transmit
transmission
transnatural
transnational
transplant
transonic
26. tele = far 表示 “ 遥远 ” 的含义
teleeducation
telegraphy
telephone
telepathy
telescope
telecast ( cast = throw )
teleconference ( conference = meeting )
telelecture
telefilm
第二节
与数字有关的前缀
1. mono , mon , uni = one 表示“ 统一 ， 单 ” 的含义
monologue
monopoly ( poly = sell )
monotone ( tone ) she spoke in a flat monotone
monotonous you will not lose your patience even with monotonous work and endless time
monochromatic (chrom = color )
monocracy ( cracy = rule / 统治 ）
monoculture
monocycle I have the skill of riding a monocycle .
monodrama ( drama )
monomania ( mania = craze )
monotheism ( theism ) we are acquring an understanding of the history of monotheism .
monorail ( rail ) I want to go by monorail .
monogamist (gamy = marry ) we are monogamist
2). Mon ( mono 的变体）
monarchy ( archy = rule / 统治） The powerf of monarchy in Britain today is more symbolical than real .
3). Uni
uniform ( uni = sole , form = model / 形式 ）
unify
unique this is a unique event , a unique opportunity and therefore a unique responsibility .
union
unionize ( onize ) clothing workers went on strike over the right to unionize .
united The United Kingdom takes in England , wales , scotland , and northern ireland .
unit This textbook has twenty units .
universe ( verse ) our knowladge of universe is growing all the time .
universal Music has been called the universal language .
unisex Unisex clothing and unisex hairstyles are becoming popular among some young people .
2. bi-
bicycle
bimonthly
bilateral ( bilateral )
bilingual ( lingual = language )
bifocal ( focal )
bifacial( facial ) the roman janus is bifacial .
bigamous
2). du-
dual (al ) his dual role as a composer and a conductor made him very busy .
duplicate He gave me a duplicate key of his house .
3). Twi-
twice I've seen this film twice .
twin they have twin daughters .
twilight all the enchanted metropolitan twilight , I felt a haunting loneliness sometimes .
4). Amphi-
amphicar
amphitheatre ( theatre )
amphibian ( bian ) frogs are amphibians .
amphibian ( bian ) frogs are amphibians .
amphibious ( biouo ) at last I found this amphibious creature .
3). Tri = three
triangle ( angle ) he outlined the triangle in red .
tricolor the tricolor flutters everywhere .
triple in the past five years the company has triple its sale .
triplet his wife gave birth to triplets .
triplicate
trilateral
trinity ( nity )
trilogy ( logy )
trilingual To people in some countries , being bilingual or even trilingual is a way of life .
4. quar , quardru(i) = four 表示4的含义
quarter
quarterfinal
quarterly
quadruplicate
quadrilateral A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with two parallel sides
5）. Multi , poly = many 表示“ 许多”的含义
1). Multi-
multichannel ( channel )
multiculture
multiform
multiindustry ( i
ndustry )
multilingual India is a multilingual country ,
multimedia the multimedia computer appearance has brought the infinite vitality for teaching .
multinational ( national ) he is now working in a multinational company .
2). poly-
polyclinic ( clinic )
polychromatic ( chrom = color )
polygene
polydirectional
polyandry ( andry = man )
polytechnical ( technical )
6）. Omni , pan = all
1). Omni -
omnipresent ( present ) happiness is omnipresent and it is a healthy attitude .
omniscient God is typically described by western religions as omniscient and omnipotent .
omnidirectional
omnivorous ( vor = eat )
2). Pan-
panorama ( orama = vision )
panpacific ( pacific )
panchromatic we could tell from one look that the photo was shot with panchromatic film .
pantropical ( tropical ) this is a polymorphic , pantropical weed , recognizable by its pink , fluffy panicles .
第三节 特殊的前缀
1. em + ( b , m , p 开头的词 ）
embody he delivered a speech embodying democratic ideal .
embrace I give him a fond embrace
empower Congress is empowered to levy taxes .
empoly ( poly = use ) If you suspect a man , don't employ him , if you empoly a man , don't suspect him .
embay synonyms : enclose ships were embayed between two headlands .
embezzle ( bezzle )
embitter The loss of all his money embitters the old man .
2. en + n / adj / vt = vt
enchant ( chant ) She was enchanted with the flowers you sent her .
enclose
endanger ( danger )
enforce ( force )
enlarge ( large )
encourage ( courage )
enrich ( rich )
enable ( able )
enjoin ( join )
enlighten ( light ) Children should be enlightened by both parents and teachers .
enliven The journey was enlivened by the presence of these young people .
enjoy ( joy )
enslave ( slave ) be enslaved to a bad habit . Education makes a people easy to lead but difficult to drive , easy to govern but impossible to ensalve .
entitle ( title ) The age and experience entitle old people to gain the respect of young people .