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Unit 6 Fun food

Unit 6 Fun food
Unit 6 Fun food

Unit 6 Fun food

First Period (The changing color of our crops[ V ocabulary])

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to get a general idea of the material

2.to learn some new words

3.fill out information gap about “The changing color of our crops”

Teaching contents: 1. New Words

2.General idea of the material ( The changing color of our crops) Teaching Procedures:

I. Pre-instruction:

1.Daily talk “How are crops raised”

2.Revision

蔬菜vegetable 茄子eggplant 黄瓜cucumber

莴苣lettuce 花菜cauliflower 胡萝卜carrot

西兰花broccoli 白菜Chinese cabbage 辣椒pepper

芹菜celery 蒜garlic 韭菜chives

谷类植物cereal 菠菜spinach 葱spring onion

豆腐bean curd 豆芽bean sprout

3. Do exercise on P94 —What do you know about…? A1 & A2

II. Performance

T: The main passage is a newspaper article about Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone. It tells Ss the latest development in agricultural technology. It will cause Ss to think about food from a completely different point

First let’s learn the new words.

1) agriculture n. practice of farming

Agriculture is an important industry in our country.农业是我国一个重要的产业。

2) traditional adj.being part of the beliefs or way of life of a group of people that have not

changed for a long time.

When she got married, she wore a traditional wedding dress.

3) farming n,the business of working on a farm

To everyone?s surprise, h e took up farming after he graduated from university.

4) farm v.to grow as a crop

The family has been farming rice for generations.

5) natural adj.not made by people; from nature

This country is rich in natural resources.

nature n.keep the balance of nature

6) development n.the process of creating something new or advanced

Mr Li will be in charge of the development of this new device.

①②7) zone n. an area of land

Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone

Nobody is allowed to enter the military zone without a permit.

8) nourish v.to feed

Chinese children are better nourished nowadays.现在中国孩子的营养更好了。

9) mixture n. a combination of different things

The drink is a mixture of four different fruit juices.

mix v,mix… with….

10) fertilizer n. a substance that helps feed plants 肥料

Artificial fertilizers are now used more than natural fertilizers.

现在化肥比天然肥料用得多。

fertilize v. 施肥于

fertile field 黑土地

11).make the best use of to use most efficiently

His boss told him to make the best use of his talents in his new position.

12) experimental https://www.doczj.com/doc/3e17493645.html,ing experiments; trying sth. new

The technology is still in the experimental stage.这项技术仍在试验阶段。

13) facility n. a place with buildings and equipment that serves a specific purpose

(共特定用途的场所)场所

This district has quite good recreation facilities.这个区的休闲设施很完善。

14) business n. the activity of supplying goods or services for money 商业

Yesterday, we talked about the possibility of working in the computer business.

我们昨天谈到在电脑行业工作的可能性。

15) enterprise n. an organization for doing business 公司,企业

Private enterprises boomed after the government introduced its new policy.

政府出台新政策后,私营企业得到蓬勃发展。

16) involve v. to include; to have as a part包括,包含

The oral test I took involved introducing myself.我参加的口试包含自我介绍。

17) profitable adj.(something)that makes or is likely to make money 盈利的

It was wise of him to make such a profitable deal.他明智地做成了这样一笔有利可图的交易。profit n.盈利;利润

18) technique n. a particular way of doing something 技巧;技艺

There are many techniques that students can use to improve reading ability.

学生可以采用许多技巧提高阅读能力。

19) chemical n. a substance made in a chemical process

Artificial chemicals are widely used in modern industry.人工化学制品被广泛应用于现代工业中。

20) prove v. to show to be true 证明

The boy used every means to try to proves his discovery was true.

那个小男孩用尽一切方法证明他的发现是真实的。

21) economic adj. related to the economy or money 经济的

Some developed countries have economic advantages in international trade.

一些发达国家在国际贸易中心占据经济优势。

economy n. 经济economics n.经济学

22) benefit n. something that helps you 利益

a practical benefit实际利益material benefit物质利益

maximum benefit最大利益mutual benefit共同利益

a national benefit国家利益

The policy of opening up has brought great benefits to the remote town.

开放使这个偏远的小镇受益匪浅。

The research which is conducted in Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone will bring

huge economic benefits to the Chinese farmers.

benefit v.有益于;得益

23) used to : have been true in the past, but no longer true today 过去常常

They used to go jogging in the morning, but now they play basketball instead.

他们过去经常晨跑,现在却经常打篮球。

My family used to have holidays at the beach.

24) backward adj. not advanced; poorly developed

Though his home town is rather backward, he has decided to go back there after graduation. 25) amazed adj. very surprised

be amazed to do … The old woman was amazed to meet her long-lost brother.

b e amazed at…

Visitors are amazed to find that great changes have taken place in Shanghai within one year.

be amazed that… I am amazed that you never heard of Yaoming.

amazing adj. extremely good, especially in a surprising and unexpected way

I am amazed at the amazing news.

high-tech=high technology:very advanced scientifically 高科技的

high-tech zones Almost every province in China has built high-tech zones.

III. Promotion

Complete the sentences with the given verbs in their proper forms.

1.The flowers are________ and the scenery magnificent.( coloured)

2._______weapons are forbidden to be produced and sold. ( chemistry) ( experiment)

3.We have________ evidence about things which happened before and after the origin of life.

4.It was ________ for them to produce large amounts of food. (profit)

5. The pace of _______ growth is picking up. ( economy )

6.They looked at him with a ___________ of horror, fright and envy. ( mix)

7._________, I had my wrist twisted. (fortunate)

8.I was________ by his knowledge of Welsh history. ( amazement )

9.Vitamins are_______ to our health. ( benefit)

10._____teaching methods sometimes only succeeded in putting students off learning.(tradition) IV. Summary

V. Assignment

1. Read after the new words after the tape.

2. Learn the new words by heart.

3. Make sentences with the new words.

Reflection/Feedback

Second Period (text understanding)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to get a general idea of the material

2.to review some new words

2.fill out information gap about “The changing color of our crops”

Teaching contents:General idea of the material ( The changing color of our crops) Teaching Procedures:

I. Pre-instruction:

1.Daily talk “How are crops raised”

2.Revision

II. Performance

1. Skimming

Please look at the title, picture and first sentence of each paragraph on P77, Then try to answer these questions..

1.What is the passage probably about?.

2.What is white agriculture?

3.What is Sunqiao?

4.Why has Sunqiao become one of the fastest developing areas in China?

5.How did some people view farming?

2. Scanning

Read through the newspaper article quickly and then give short answers to these questions.

1.What is not used in white agriculture?

2..How many farming families profit from the research at Sunqiao?

3.How many people visit Sunqiao every week?

III. Promotion:

P1: green agriculture

P2: white agriculture

P3: .Sunqiao is both anexperimental research facility and a business enterprise.

P4: What kind of agriculture is being developed at Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone?

P5: the key to the success of Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone

List the advantages and disadvantages of each type of agriculture using a table like the one below.(pair work)

V. Assignment:

1.Review all the new words and phrases

2.To finish Ex.D1,D2 P78

3.Practise reading

Feedback/Reflection:

Third Period (language points)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to get familiar with the text (The changing colours of our crops)

2.to review vocabulary and phrases

3.to develop students? speaking ability

Teaching Contents:

1. Check the answers on P78.

2. The main idea of the text

Teaching Procedures:

I.Pre-instruction:

1.Daily talk

2.Revision

1) being part of the beliefs or way of life of a group of people that have not changed for a long time.---- traditional

2) the business of working on a farm ----farming n,

3). not made by people; from nature----- natural adj

4) the process of creating something new or advanced---- development n.

5) an area of land.---- zone n.

6) to feed---- nourish v.

7) a combination of different things---- mixture n.

8) a substance that helps feed plants ---- fertilizer n.

9) to use most efficiently----.make the best use of

10)using experiments; trying sth. new---- experimental adj.

11)a place with buildings and equipment that serves a specific purpose--- facility n.

12)(something)that makes or is likely to make money ----- profitable adj.

13) a particular way of doing something ---- technique n.

14) a substance made in a chemical process---- chemical n.

2)Dictation

1.the changing colours of our crops

2.Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone

3. green agriculture

4.in natural sources of water

5. with white agriculture

6. sth. be used to do sth else.

7. a mixture of

8. be useful for

9. make the best use of

10. an experimental research

11. a business enterprise

12. involve doing…

13. farming techniques

14. man-made chemicals

15.prove to be

16. economic benefits

17. used to do sth.

18. succeed in doing sth.

19.regard… as

20.be amazed to do

II. Performance (Language points)

1.V ling+adj.

become more colourful

2.…Green agriculture? means traditional farming that grows plants in soil.

①Agriculture is an important industry in our country.农业是我国一个重要的产业。

②traditional adj. being part of the beliefs or way of life of a group of people that have not changed for a long time.

When she got married, she wore a traditional wedding dress.

③farming n, the business of working on a farm

To everyone?s surprise, he took up farming after he graduated from university.

④farm v. to grow as a crop

The family has been farming rice for generations.

3.…Blue agriculture? farms fish or water plants in natural sources of water such as oceans or lakes.

①natural adj. not made by people; from nature

This country is rich in natural resources.

nature n. keep the balance of nature

4.It is practiced at Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone in Shanghai.

Practise见导学P90

5.sth.be used to do sth. else

sth. be used for doing

sb. used to do

sb.be used to doing

6. hold up

1)举起,拿起Hold up one?s hand

2)be held up 阻止,延误,停顿We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic. 7.The plants are nourished only by a mixture of water and fertilizer.

nourish v. to feed

①Chinese children are better nourished nowadays.现在中国孩子的营养更好了。

②The red roses which are in the garden in front of Miss Huang?s house appear to be well nourished.

mixture: group or mass of different things a chemical mixture

a mixture of… a mixture of sorrow and anger悲愤交加

Air is a mixture of different gases.

8.White agriculture is useful for places with poor soil quality since it makes the best use of both water and fertilizer.

make the best use of / make good use of : to use most efficiently

①I do hope you can make the best use of your stay in England throughout the whole year.

我希望你能充分利用在英国的一年时间。

②We must make the best use of the natural sources we have now.

Review:

make yourself at home

make a mistake be made of

make sentences with…

make for 走向,向….前进

be made from

make friends with

make into 把…做成

be made in sp.

make an apology to sb. for…make over 移交

be made by

make great progress make up弥补

be made up of

make our town more beautiful

make a frame

9.The research involves making green agriculture more profitable and finding farming techniques which do not use man-made chemicals.

chemical

adj. a chemical compound 化合物/a chemical formula 化学式

chemical reaction / chemical fertilizer / chemical weapons

n.化学制品,化学药品

chemist chemistry n.

10. produce v.

1)生产

Australia produces wool and meat.

The factory produces 1,000 cars a weeks.

Good soil will produce fine crops.

2)产生,出

A cow produces milk.

The tree produces fruit.

This author has produced little in the last few years.

3)产生,造成,带来,引起

Hard work produces success.

Pleasures do not produce happiness.

produce n. 农产品的总称,不可数

The farmers brought their produce to town early each Saturday morning.

11.aspect c.n. 方面

Then she went on to consider other aspects of the matter.

Discuss a subject in all aspects.

12Through this new technology, Sunqiao… has proved to be one of the f astest developing areas in China.

1) Through: 通过,凭借

通过辛勤的工作,她成了中国最著名的模特之一。

2)prove to be 结果是,证明是

As it happened, my advice proved to be wrong.

The new technology proved to be useless.这个理论结果是错误的。

改革开放政策证明是中国发展的转折点。(turning point)

The policies of reform and opening up have proved to be the turning point in China?s development.

prove vt. 证明+ n ./ 从句/复合结构

a.prove + 名词或代词

He has proved his courage in battle.

Who can prove it?

b.prove + 从句

Please look at them. They?ll prove to you that I?m not lying.

Can you prove where you were on May 3rd?

c.prove + 复合结构

One mad action is not enough to prove a man mad.

He had proved himself a most strong man.

He proved himself to be a coward.

13.Seeds and new varieties of plants from Sunqiao have brought economic benefits to more than 16,000 farming families.

economic adj.经济上的We brought a small car for economic reasons.

economical adj. 节约的,节省的an economical housewife

One must be economical of/with one?s time/money/petrol/electricity.

Economical shoppers wait for special sales.

economics n. 经济学economist n. 经济学家economy n. 经济

计划经济planned economy市场经济market economy

建立一个高科技园区是为了给这个地区带来经济利益。

The building of a high-tech zone is aimed at bringing economic benefits to this area.

14.regard v.

1)认为+as I regard that movie as one of the worst I?ve ever seen.

2)+n. She regards me as a little kid. He is regarded as the best doctor in town.

3)+ adj. I regard him as stupid.

15. backward adj. --opp. forward ideas 进步的思想

A backward country 落后的

A backward glance 向后一瞥

16. amazed adj. 感到惊讶的;感到惊叹的

amazed at/by I was amazed at the amazing Thailand.

amazed (that)/how I'm amazed you've never heard of the Rolling Stones.

I am amazed that you never heard of Yaoming.

amazed to see/find/discover something

Visitors are amazed to find that great changes have taken place in Shanghai within one year. The old woman was amazed to meet her long-lost brother.

Visitors are often amazed to discover how little the town has changed.

be amazed at…I am amazed at the amazing news.

We were absolutely amazed at his rapid recovery.

What Michelangelo did amazed the whole world.

amazing adj. extremely good, especially in a surprising and unexpected way

The experiment was an amazing success.

high-tech=high technology: very advanced scientifically 高科技的

high-tech zones Almost every province in China has built high-tech zones.

change …into——turn …into

change changeable

comfort comfortable

value valuable

reason reasonable

agree agreeable

III.Promotion

IV.Summary

V.Assignment:

1. Cope the phrases on the note book and try to memorize them.

2. Read the text fluently

3. Preview the grammar

Feedback /Reflection

Fourth Period (Grammar)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to review the vocabulary and phrases

2.to learn grammar—A: Relative clauses with relative pronouns as subjects

B: Relative clauses with relative pronouns as objects Teaching Contents: P80-81

Teaching Procedures:

I.Preinstruction:

1.Daily talk

2.Dictation

1)The research at Sunqiao produces seeds which / that help farmers grow better crops.

2)People who/that live in cities used to reguard farming as boring and backward.

3)They appear amazed to see the vegetables which Sunqiao grows without using soil..

4)The farmers who/that/whom it has helped now have bigger and better harvest.

5)

II. Performance:

T: There are 2 important grammar rules we have to grasp in the text.

1.定语从句在句子中就是充当定语成分,修饰或者限制名词或代词

被修饰或限制的这个词就被称为?先行词?.要注意的是定语从句中一定要有先行词。This is where I found my book. (不是定语从句,因为没有先行词!是表语从句)

This is the place where I found my book. (定语从句,因为修饰了the place

引导定语从句的词有关系代词和关系副词

关系代词有:

who (指人,主语)whom(人,宾)

which(物)that(人或物) whose(人或物的) as

Eg. This is the teacher who/that came from London.

The book which/that I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

The desk whose leg is broken is very old

This is the room that / which Shakespeare was born in.

定语从句的分类:

(1)限定性定语从句:与先行词关系密切,如果没有定语从句,主句含混不清,不完

整,限定性定语从句与先行词之间无逗号。

(2)非限定性定语从句:是先行词的一个附加语,对先行词起进一步说明作用,如果

删掉它,主句的意义仍然是完整的,非限定性定语从句与先行词之间有句号。

如: The man who/that came first is Mike.

I?ll never forget the day when we first met each other.

His mother does morning exercises every day , which is good for her health.

从句的位置:在名词或代词后

先行词: 被定语从句修饰

引导词:引导定语从句的词

关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that )

关系副词(when, where , why)

引导词的作用: (1)引导定语从句

(2)在从句中作一成份

(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置

(关系代词)

一、指出关系代词(副词)在定语从句中的成份:

1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.

2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy.

3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.

3.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.

4. His parents wouldn?t let him marry anyone whose family was poor.

5. I like the person to whom you just talked.( )

6. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together.

7. We shall never the days when we lived together.

判断步骤:(1)要判断出先行词(2)要确定关系代词(即先行词)在从句中所担任的成分The woman who(that) spoken yesterday is my mother.

Do you know the boy my mother is talking to?

注意:

1.下列情况关系代词用that,不用which

①先行词是形容词最高级或者先行词前有形容词最高级修饰

Isn?t she one of the most beautiful girls that are in our class?

This is the best film (that)I have ever seen.

②先行词是序数词或者先行词有序数词修饰

This is the first English novel that interests me.

He is the last (that) I want to see.

③先行词既有人又有物

Look at the little boy and his dog that are coming here.

They are talking about the people and the things (that) they met in London.

④. 先行词是all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等代词时

All that glitters is not gold.

Is there anything (that) I can do for you?

⑤先行词被only, very, just, few, little, no, one of, all, any, the very, the right 等修饰时

Lala is one of the students that are good at English in our class.

Lala is the one at of the students that _is____good….

Lala is the only one at of the students that_is___

She is the very person (that) we are looking for.

⑥如果两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词应用that,以避免重复。

The government set up an agency which helps to deal with the things that happen suddenly.

⑦如果已有疑问词who或which时

Which is the book that you want?

Who is the man that reads newspaper there?

III. Promotion:

Exercise:

1.This is all____I know about the matter.

A. that

B. what

C. who

D. whether

2. Is there anything else _____ you require?

A. which

B. that

C. who

D. what

3.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. it

4.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.

A. which

B. that

C. it

D. whom

5.There is no dictionary _____ you can find everything.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. in that

6.This is one of the best books_______.

A. that have ever been written B . that has ever been written

C. that has written

D. that have written

7.He wrote a letter to me, telling me everything ___ he saw on the way to the Paris.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. where

8.Is oxygen the only gas ____ helps fire burn?

A. hat

B./

C. which

D. it

9.Is there anything _____to you?

A. that is belonged

B. that belongs

C. which belongs

D. that belong

10.The scientist and his achievements ______ you told me about are admired by us all.

A. which

B. that

C. who

D. whose

11.Which of the books ______ were borrowed from him is the best?

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. whose

12.This is the one of the means ____the electric energy is conducted from one place to another.

A. by which

B. by that

C. through which

D. through that

13.The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful parks____ built in the Qing Dynasty.

A. where were

B. where was

C. that were

D. which was

IV. Summary

V. Assignment 1.Review----the relative clauses 2. Do some exercises.

Reflection/feedback:

Fifth Period (Grammar)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

3.to review the vocabulary and phrases

4.to learn grammar—A: Relative clauses with relative pronouns as subjects

B: Relative clauses with relative pronouns as objects

Teaching Contents: P80-81

Teaching Procedures:

I.Preinstruction:

1.Daily talk

2.Dictation

1)The research at Sunqiao produces seeds which / that help farmers grow better crops.

2)People who/that live in cities used to regard farming as boring and backward.

3)They appear amazed to see the vegetables which Sunqiao grows without using soil..

4)The farmers who/that/whom it has helped now have bigger and better harvest.

5)The way you look at people doesn?t give them a good impression.

II. Performance:

1.who只指人,多作主语,非正式的场合也可以用作宾语,作宾语时可以省略。但若关系代词前有介词,则应用whom替换。

The teacher who/ that teaches us spoken English is from Australia

The girl (who/ whom) I met on the street was one of my classmates.

The person about whom you asked just now is Mr.Li.

在下列情况时,通常用who,不用that:

1)先行词是one, ones, anyone, those, persons, people时

Anyone who breaks the laws should be punished.

I don?t like the ones who are not honest.

2). 如果两个从句中,其中一个关系代词已用that,另一个用who。

The man that was praised by the manager who is in charge of the department works hard

3) 当先行词为人称代词时

He who doesn?t have a dream makes nothing.

He who doesn?t reach the great wall is not a true man.

4) 用在非限制性定语从句

I like to talk with him, who is very learned.

Do you like the singer, who you are going to interview?

2.whom

1)作宾语只指人,不指物,通常可以省略,但若前面有介词时,不能省略。

Is she the girl (whom) you often play badminton with?

Is she the girl with whom you often play badminton with?

2)用在非限制性定语从句中

I really hope to meet the girl, whom you often refer to.

My grandfather has four sons, two of whom are farmers.

3. whose

1) whose是代词的所有格,它既可以指代人,也可以指代物,指物时,可以用the + n. + of which/whom替换。This is the little boy whose mother was killed in the accident.

2) 用在非限制性定语从句

The building ,whose wall / the wall of which is white, is my uncle?s

The old man, whose only son /the son of whom died in the war, lives alone

4. which 只指物,不指人,

The house which is opposite is empty.

Where are my shoes (which) I bought yesterday?

以下情况,多用which,不用that。

1) 关系代词前有介词,不能用that替换,也不能省略。

The chair in which I often sit is made of fine wood.

=The chair (which/ that ) I often sit in is made of fine wood.

The shopping center in which she works is near.

=The shopping center in which she works is near.

2) 有两个定语从句,其中一个的关系代词用了that

What do you think of my new computer that I bought from the company which belongs to Simon?

3)先行词是that或those

What is that which is under the desk?

Those which are useless should be thrown away.

4)引导非限制性定语从句, 指代主句或部分主句,通常放从句后。

The Beatles held a concert in London, which attracted lots of fans.

My brother came back, which made us happy.

5. as

1)通常用在such … as … , the same…as …, as…as, so…as结构中。as在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语,指人或物,不能省略

Sandy is not such a person as is irresponsible.

Such society as you describe doesn?t exist at all.

My hometown is not the same as it used to be.

注:① the same … as…, the same … that …的区别:

前者指代相似的人或物;后者指代同一人或物。

This is the same watch as I lost.Where did you buy it?

This is the same watch that I lost. Please return it to me.

② such …as, such …that…的区别:

前者是定语从句,表示“象……那样的”,as在句子中充当成分;后者是结果状语从句,表示“如此……以至于……”,that只起连接作用,在从句中不充当成分。

It is such a difficult problem as no one can work out.

It is such a difficult problem that no one can work it out.

2)用在非限制性定语从句里面,表示“正如……那样”,指代主句或部分主句,可放句首或句末,放在句末时,通常可以和which 引导的非限制性定语从句互换。

As everybody knows, the earth is round.

=The earth is round, as everybody knows.

= The earth is round, which everybody knows.

As was expected beforehand, the concert was very successful.

= The concert was very successful, as was expected beforehand.

= The concert was very successful, which was expected beforehand.

6. but用在限制性定语从句中,可指人或物,作主语,主句必须为有否定句或疑问句,but=

that…not 或who…not

There is nobody but has his faults.

There is no rule but has some exceptions.

III. Promotion:

IV.Summary

V.Assignment

Reflection/Feedback:

Sixth Period (Grammar)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to review the vocabulary and phrases

2.to learn grammar— Relative clauses with relative adverb as Ad.

Teaching Contents: P80-81

Teaching Procedures:

I.Preinstruction:

1.Daily talk

2.Dictation

1) I?ll never forget the time when/durin g which we worked together.

2)The day, when / on which we will have a get-together is coming.

3)We will never forget the day when we join the party.

4) The hotel where / at which we stayed was the best one in this area..

5) The reason why I didn?t go to school is that I was ill.

I?ll never forget the time when/during which we worke d together.

The day, when / on which we will have a get-together is coming.

We will never forget the day when we join the party.

2 where作地点状语,先行词多为表地点的词。

We visited the place where / in which Marx was born.

The hotel where / at which we stayed was the best one in this area.

注:有时候先行词不一定表示地方,可以表示某种情况或者某种状态。

The pilot was in the situation where he lost the control of the plane.

?where的用法:表……的地方,修饰场所、方位名词。

?This is the house. I was born in the house.

?=This is the house where I was born.

?先行词关系副词

?=This is the house which I was born in.

?=This is the house in which I was born.

?注:关系副词可等于”介词+关系副词“

3 why 作原因状语,先行词只能是reason。

表……的原因,……的理由。

He refused to tell us the reason why / for which he did so.

Was that the reason why /for which you chose it?

The reason why I called is to invite you to a party.

Do you believe the reason _____he gave you yesterday?

注:区分与关系代词的区别,只要在定语从句中担任状语的,就是关系副词。

四、由as引导的定语从句

as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。

1.such … as…“像……一样的”,“像……之类”the same…as…“和……同样的

在着两个句型中,as是关系代词,其中such & same做定语,修饰主句的名词、代词,这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词,as在从句中担任主、宾、表。

例如:This is the same thing as we are in need of.

Such people as you say are short now.

2. …such as…such为代词,意思为”这样的人/物“,as修饰先行词such。

例如:This book is not such as I hope.

3. the same…as…/the same… that… “用一个”

as that都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.

例如:She is the same age as you

that you are.

4. …,as… “有些”

在这里,as引导非限定性定语从句,相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句,有时可互换。例如:He is from Beijing, as/which they know from the way he speaks.

五、注意事项

1. what不引导定语从句I want to give you what I have.(宾语从句)

2. 先行词被the same 修饰时,关系代词既可用that, 也可用as.但意义不同,前者表示“同一的”,后者表示“同样的”。

3. 关系副词when/where/why其含义相当于on which/in which/for which等可交替使用。如:The day when/on which I met him first was May 1st.

4.当先行词为专有名词或整个句子是世界上独一无二的名词时,一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。

例如:The sun, which gives us light, is very big.

III.Promotion: Exercise

1.This is all ___I know about the matter.

A. that

B. what

C. who

D. whether

2Is there anything else _____you require?

A. which

B. that

C. who

D. what

3.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall.

A. which

B. hat

C. where

D. it

4.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.

A. which

B. that

C. it

D. whom

5.There is no dictionary _____ you can find everything.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. in that

6.This is one of the best books_______.

A. that have ever been written

B. that has ever been written

C. that has written

D. that have written

7.He wrote a letter to me, telling me everything ___ he saw on the way to the Paris.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. where

8.Is oxygen the only gas ____helps fire burn?

A. hat

B./

C. which

D. it

9.Is there anything _____to you?

A. that is belonged

B. that belongs

C. which belongs

D. that belong

10.The scientist and his achievements ______ you told me about are admired by us all.

A. which

B. that

C. who

D. whose

11.Which of the books ______were borrowed from him is the best?

A. which

B. what

C. hat

D. whose

IV. Summary

V. Assignment: 1. 2.

Reflection/ Feedback:

Seventh Period

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.To review the vocabulary and phrases

2.to learn grammar— Relative clauses

Teaching Contents: P80-81

Teaching Procedures:

I.Preinstruction:

1.Daily talk

2.Dictation

1) I shall never forget the day when we first met.

2) His father died the year(that/when/in which) he was born.

3) The reason why he came so early is his own affair.

4) As is known to all, the meeting is very successful.

5) As we know, smoking is harmful to our health.

II. Performance Exercise

1.Do you know who lives in the building ______ there?s a well?

A. in front of it

B. in front of whose

C. in front of which

D. in front which

2.I?ll never forget the day____ I joined the League.

A. on which

B. in which

C. which

D. at which

3.The woman _____my brother spoke just now is my teacher.

A. who

B. to whom

C. to who D whom

4.Jeanne was her old friend, ____she borrowed a necklace.

A. from who

B. from whom

C. to that

D. to whom

5.His glasses, _____ e was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg.

A. which

B. with which

C. without which

D. that

6.she is a teacher of much knowledge, _____much can be learned.

A. who

B. that

C. from which

D. from whom

7.He built a telescope _____he could study the skies.

A. in which

B. with that

C. through which

D. by it

8.Do you know the reason ____he was late?

A. that

B. which

C. for what

D. for which

9.I have bought two ballpens, ____ writes well.

A.none of which

B.neither of which

C.none of them

D.neither of them

10.The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.

A.during which

B. in that

C. where

D.on which

11.China has many rivers, ____ the Changjiang River is the longest.

A.which

B. in which

C.among which

D. one of which

12.This is the very knife_____I used to cut apples yesterday.

A.that

B.by which

C.which

D.with which

Exercise 2:Fill in the blanks with proper preposition.

1.The speed____which you d rive your car mustn?t be too high.

2.In the park there are many flowers,the colour_____ which is bright and nice.

3.The little girl is reading a book, _____ which there are many pictures.

4.What were the things_______which he was not too sure?

5.They held a meeting, ____which the hospital director made a speech.

6.The book, ____ which he paid $6, is worth reading.

7.Is this the man____whose house the police found the lost colored TV?

8.The villagers dug along tunnel _______ which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.

9.Wu Dong,_____whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very

III. Promotion:

1.______was natural,he married Jenny.

A.Which

B.That

C.This

D.As

2.Such signs ____we use in the experiment _____ Greek letters.

A.as ,are

B.as,is

C.that,are

D.that,is

3.I passed him a large glass of whisky,_____ he drank immediately .

A.that

B.as

C.which

D.who

4.She is very good at dance,____everybody knows.

A.that

B.which

C.who

D.as

5.It was raining, _____was a pity.

A.what

B.that

C.the which

D.which

6.______has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.

A.Which

B.What

C.That

D.As

7.We do the same work_____they do.

A.which

B.as

C.than

D.like

8.The earth is round, _____ we all know.

A.that

B.which

C.who

D. as

结论1: as ,which均可以引出非限制性定语从句,如都指前一句话的意思,二者可以互换.as 引导的从句可以放在句首,as 本身有“正如…..正象…”. 一类的含义. 与之连用的词有know, see, expect, announce, point out等.此外,在the same…as…such….as….中as引导的是限制性定语从句.

IV.Summary在实践中要注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别,能够正确区分使用它们.

判断定语从句是否正确要把定语从句变成两句简单句。

1A.Is this the factory_____you visited last year?

B. Is this factory____you visited last year?

a.that

b.where

c.in which

d.the one

2.A.Mr Smith is one of those foreigners who____

working in China.

B.Mr Smith is the only one of those foreigners

who____working in China.

a.is

b.has

c.have

d.are

3.A.Don?t discuss questions such_____those.

B.Let?s discuss only the questions______we are interest ed in.

a.which

b.that

c.as

d.about which

4.A. All____I need is a good rest. a.What b.All what

B. ____I need is a good rest. c.that d.Which

5.A.Pisa is a city, ___ has a leaning tower.

B.Pisa is a city,____there is a leaning tower.

a.which

b.that

c.where

d.there

6.A.This is the place____we visited last year.

B.This the place____we worked last year.

a.which

b.where

c. in that

d.there

7.A.The news____he told us was very exciting.

B.He has brought us the news____our team has won the game.

a.what

b.as

c.that

d.where

8.It is in a box____I have hidden my money.

We?ll go___we are needed.

a.that

b.in which

c.where

d.in it

V. Assignment Grammar exercise book

Feedback /Reflection

Eighth Period (Grammar)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1to review the vocabulary and phrases

2.to learn the difference between the relative clause and the Appositive clause

Teaching Contents: Additional Exercises.

Teaching Procedures:

I.Preinstruction:

1. Daily talk

2. Dictation

1) II. Performance:

1.The king?s decision that he would get married again surprised all the people.

2. The order that the prisoner should be set free was given by the general.

3. He got the news from Mary that the whole class would begin the farming activity.

4. Word came that all the students should learn German instead of their native language.

同位语从句与定语从句的区别

a.定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时又在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语),而同位语

从句中的that 是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分。

b. 定语从句是形容词性1,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述它的性质或特

征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明

e.g.

1. The news that he told me was very amusing.

(消息的内容不得而知。That引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语)

2. the news that Tom would act as Hamlet was very amusing.

(消息的内容是Tom将出演Hamlet。在同位语从句中,that在句中不作任何成分。)

III. Promotion: Grammar Book

IV.Summary

V. Assignment: Exercise bookP31-32

Feedback /Reflection

Ninth Period ( Listening)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to train Ss to understand orders in a restaurant

2.to learn listening skills

Teaching contents: sentence pattern, short messages

Teaching Procedures:

I. Pre-instruction:

Lead-in: In this section, students will hear a recording of some customers ordering dishes at a restaurant.

Then, they will fill in an order form according to the information they have heard.

II. Performance

1.New words: order form订购单the total cos t总花费menu n. 菜单

2. Listen to the tape twice and try to finish this task.

Since this is a real-life speaking task, it is very important for Ss to engage in realistic role-play as waiters/waitresses and customers.

Ask Ss to imagine that they are starving. When they finally get to a restaurant to order food, the waiters and waitresses can only speak English. However, it is the only restaurant available.

3.Check the answers

III. Promotion:

1.Elicit from Ss useful words and expressions used by waiters /waitresses and customers in a

restaurant.

2.Then ask Ss to work in groups. Each group should assign one or two people to be waiters /

waitresses, and three or four people to be friends eating at a restaurant.

3.To familiarize Ss with the words and expressions for ordering food, ask them to create

dialogues in pairs. One student will act as the waiter / waitress and the other as the customer. IV. Summary

V. Assignment:

Reflection:

Tenth Period ( writing)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to review grammar

2.to learn a sentence pattern

3.to learn to write short messages---A recipe

Teaching contents: sentence pattern, short messages

Teaching Procedures:

I.Pre-instruction:

1. Review (students)

2.To learn the new words:

recipe n.食谱ingredient n.. 配料rub v. 擦,抹poke v.戳

scoop v. 用勺子舀mash v. 捣烂,捣碎wrapper n. (饺子)皮

filling n. 馅minced pork 肉末spring onion葱sauce n.调料

soya sauce酱油vinegar n. 醋garlic n. 大蒜

II.Performance:

1.Lead-in: This section teaches Ss the format of recipes. They should be able to read and

produce recipes after they are finished.

1.Ask Ss to review how to explain a process before teaching this section.

2.Ask individual Ss to introduce some really simple recipes to the class, such as how to fry

an egg or make dumplings.

3.Have Ss look at the pictures and text in the Student?s Book. They should be able to

explain what information should be included in such a text, such as the various kinds of

materials needed and the cooking procedures.

4.Then lead Ss orally through the writing task so that they ill know what to write.

III. Promotion

1. Ask Ss to produce a recipe for their favourite dish. They can do it with the help of their parents at home.

2. Ask Ss to exchange their recipes with others

IV. Summary

V. Assignment 1. Exercise Book P

2. Each student should try out some recipes provided by others when they are at home during the weekend. Feedback /Reflection

Eleventh Period (revision 1)

Teaching Aims: to enable students

1.to review the text and vocabulary

2.to review grammar

3.to check supplementary exercises

Teaching Procedures:

I. Pre-instruction: Review the vocabulary and phrases by doing translation:

1fun food.

2. the changing colors of our crops

3.Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone

4.become more colorful

5.natural sources of water

6.with white agriculture

7. sth. be used to do sth. else

8. hold up

9. a mixture of

10. make the best use of

11. an experimental research facility

12. involve doing

13. more profitable

14. farming techniques

15. man-made chemicals

16. new varieties of

17. economic benefits

18. reguard…as

19.modern technology

20. .amazed to do sth

II. Performance: check supplemental exercises of exercise-book

III. Promotion::

IV.Summary

V. Assignment:

1.preview reading material on P and look up new words in a dictionary

2.finish Ex.A1,A2 on P

Feedback /Reflection

Twelfth Period (reading material)

新人教版九年级数学下册精品教案全套291投影

年级九年级课题29.1投影课型新授教学媒体多媒体 教学目标知识 技能 1.了解投影的有关概念,能根据光线的方向辨认物体的投影. 2.了解平行投影和中心投影的区别. 3.了解正投影的含义,能根据正投影的性质画出简单的平面图形的正投影 过程 方法 通过探索物体与其投影关系的活动,培养动手实践能力,发展空间想象能力情感 态度 通过对物体投影的学习,提高学习热情,增强探究意识,应用意识. 教学重点了解正投影的含义及能根据正投影的性质画出简单的平面图形的正投影 教学难点归纳正投影的性质,正确画出简单平面图形的正投影 教学程序及教学内容师生行为设计意图 一、情境引入 物体在日光或灯光 的照射下,会在地 面、墙壁等处形成影 子,影子与物体的形 状有密切的关系. 二、自主探究 (一)基本概念 1.观察图片,尝试叙述:投影、投影线、投影面. 2.师明确叙述,生举生活实例. 3.简述皮影戏、日晷与投影. (二)投影分类 1.下图表示一块三角尺在光线照射下形成投影,观察图形,找异同. 2.师明确叙述中心投影、平行投影,辨别下图中哪个是平行投影,哪个是中心投影?二者有什么区别? 3.图(2)(3)的投影线与投影面的位置关系有什么区别? 结论:图(1)中的投影线集中于一点,形成中心投影; 图(2) (3)中,投影线互相平行,形成平行投影; 图(2)中,投影线斜着照射投影面; 图(3)中投影线垂直照射投影面〔即投影线正对着投影面). 指出:在平行投影中,如果投射线垂直于投影面,那么这种投影就称为正投影. 3.平行投影与正投影之间什么关系? (三)线、面、体的正投影 1、如图,把一根直的细铁丝(记为线段AB)放在三个不同位置: (1)铁丝平行于投影面; (2)铁丝倾斜于投影面, (3)铁丝垂直于投影面(铁丝不一定要与投影面有公共点). 三种情形下铁丝的正投影各是什么形状 通过观察,我们可以发现; (1)当线段AB平行于投影面P 时,它的正投影是线段A1B1,线段与它 的投影的大小关系为 AB = A1B1 (2)当线段AB倾斜于投影面P时,它的正投影是线段A2B2,线段与它的投影的大小关系为AB > A2B2 (3)当线段AB垂直于投影面P时,它的正投影是一个点A3教师提出问题,学 生举例 教师组织学生按照 探究要求进行活 动,并逐步完善对 概念的叙述. 生说皮影戏、日晷 师补充 在学生独立思考、 讨论的基础上给出 中心投影、平行投 影的概念. 教师进行必要点 拨,明确异同,学 生聆听,进一步完 善探究到的结论. 激起学生的好奇 心,探索欲望. 通过观察图片,建 立感性认识,再通 过语言描述建立理 性认识(概念) 了解中华文化 爱国主义教育 让学生亲自进行观 察,分析,探究, 得到结论,培养学 生的分析判断能力. 结合图片,对比辨 析加深理解和印象 让学生充分暴露自 己的问题,兵教 兵、广参与,同提 高

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小学综合实践课教案集团标准化小组:[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]

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29投影-291投影

年级九年级课题**投影 课型新授 教学媒体多媒体 教学目标知识 技能 1.了解投影的有关概念,能根据光线的方向辨认物体的投影. 2.了解平行投影和中心投影的区别. 3.了解正投影的含义,能根据正投影的性质画出简单的平面图形的正投影 过程 方法 通过探索物体与其投影关系的活动,培养动手实践能力,发展空间想象能力情感 态度 通过对物体投影的学习,提高学习热情,增强探究意识,应用意识. 教学重点了解正投影的含义及能根据正投影的性质画出简单的平面图形的正投影 教学难点归纳正投影的性质,正确画出简单平面图形的正投影 教学过程设计 教学程序及教学内容师生行为设计意图一、情境引入 物体在日光或灯光 的照射下,会在地面、 墙壁等处形成影子,影 子与物体的形状有密 切的关系. 二、自主探究 (一)基本概念 1.观察图片,尝试叙述:投影、投影线、投影面. 2.师明确叙述,生举生活实例. 3.简述皮影戏、日晷与投影. (二)投影分类 1.下图表示一块三角尺在光线照射下形成投影,观察图形,找异同. 2.师明确叙述中心投影、平行投影,辨别下图中哪个是平行投影,哪个是中心投影?二者有什么区别? 3.图(2)(3)的投影线与投影面的位置关系有什么区别? 结论:图(1)中的投影线集中于一点,形成中心投影; 图(2) (3)中,投影线互相平行,形成平行投影; 图(2)中,投影线斜着照射投影面; 图(3)中投影线垂直照射投影面〔即投影线正对着投影面). 指出:在平行投影中,如果投射线垂直于投影面,那么这种投影就称为正投影. 3.平行投影与正投影之间什么关系? (三)线、面、体的正投影 1、如图,把一根直的细铁丝(记为线段AB)放在三个不同位置: (1)铁丝平行于投影面; (2)铁丝倾斜于投影面, (3)铁丝垂直于投影面(铁丝不一定要与投影面有公共点). 教师提出问题,学生 举例 教师组织学生按照 探究要求进行活动, 并逐步完善对概念 的叙述. 生说皮影戏、日晷师 补充 在学生独立思考、讨 论的基础上给出中 心投影、平行投影的 概念. 教师进行必要点拨, 明确异同,学生聆 听,进一步完善探究 到的结论. 激起学生的好奇 心,探索欲望. 通过观察图片,建 立感性认识,再通 过语言描述建立理 性认识(概念) 了解中华文化 爱国主义教育 让学生亲自进行观 察,分析,探究, 得到结论,培养学 生的分析判断能力. 结合图片,对比辨 析加深理解和印象 让学生充分暴露自 己的问题,兵教兵、 广参与,同提高 51

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