从句
一、句子的种类
英语句子按结构可分三种：
1. 简单句: 只包含一个主谓结构的句子，包括五种基本句型
1）主语＋谓语；2) 主语＋谓语＋宾语；3) 主语＋系动词＋表语；
4) 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语；5) 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语
注意：非谓语做状语，也属于简单句，后面句子前不能出现连词。
2. 并列句: 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。
句型：主谓结构+并列连词(and, but, so, or……) +主谓结构(或更多的主谓结构)
注意：并列句连接的两个或两个以上的简单句，短语和句子不能连接。
3. 复合句: 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
句型：引导词+主谓结构+主谓结构；或主谓结构+引导词+主谓结构(从句) (主句) 主句从句
定语从句和状语从句。
二、需要注意的问题
1.句子原则：一个句子只能有一个主谓结构，谓语是唯一的，谓语由动词构成，如果出现更多动词：
①加连词（and / but / so…），变成并列谓语或并列句
②加上引导词变成从句
③变为非谓语动词
2. 英语句子和汉语句子的对比
1）英语句子的特点之一是重“形合”，句子的各个部分要由各种连词、关系词等连接起来；而汉语句子是重“意合”，句子前后连接主要是通过上下文的逻辑意义来实现的，连接词的使用远远少于英语，由于这一特点，很多学生在写作时往往忘了使用连接词，造成诸多病句。
2）在汉语中逗号可以直接连接句子，但是在英语中，句子之间连接除了逗号外，还要借助连词。连词主要有两类，即并列连词和从属连词，并列连词在句中连接并列句，从属连词主要引导从句的。有一种情况可以不用连词只用逗号连接，那就是独立主格结构。
3）汉语句子中，两个连词可以同时出现在一个句子中，但是在英语中，从属连词和并列连词不能在一个句子中同时使用，只能用一个。
改错：
Eg.1) I am tired, I must go to bed.
2) He has two sons, both of them are teachers.
3) The woman talked to you just now is our English teacher.
4) There are many students study in the classroom
5) The boy ran to his mother cry.
6) After write the notice, he put it up on the wall.
7) A person has not enough food, he will not have a healthy body.
8) The sun warms the earth, this makes it possible for the plants grow.
9) We were looking for your new coat, we could not find it.
10)Practise more reading，you will improve your reading ability.
11) The person came to see me that afternoon is an old friend of mine.
12）He succeeded in passing the exam made his parents very happy.
14) It is a pity she didn’t win the prize.
15）Tomorrow is Sunday, we don’t need to go to school.
16) The work was finished, we went home.
17) Time permits, we’ll go out to play.
18）Turning to the left, and you will find a bank.
19) Hav ing been told many times, but he couldn’t understand it.
20) Because he was ill, so he didn’t go to school.
21) Though he is a child, but he knows a lot.
三、各种从句的引导词的选择
关于这个问题是学生学习从句这一内容的最大障碍，要弄清属于什么从句，除t了分清各从句在主句中的位置外，关键在于弄懂各个引导词在从句中的作用。
1.定语从句放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面
2.名词性从句分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
1）主语从句位于主句中的谓语或后置；2）宾语从句位于主句中及物动词或介词和某些形容词之后。3）表语从句位于主句中的系动词之后；4）同位语从句位于名词如：idea, fact, truth, suggestion, plan之后；
3.状语从句位置可以在主句前或主句后；时间、条件、原因,让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号及主句隔开。
定语从句
一、定语的概念：
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。比如：
a beautiful girl （）three boys （） a shoe factory
（）
Jim’s father ( ) our teacher ( ) the man in the car （）
the man standing at the door （）the man who is talking with Sam （）
单个词做定语放在被修饰词_________, 短语或句子做定语放在被修饰词_____________. 二、定语从句的概念及主要特征：
1．定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一_______或__________的从句叫定语从句。
三要素：1）被定语从句修饰的词叫____________；2) 引导定语从句的词叫___________;
3) 关系词在从句中充当______________
关系词的作用：
1）引导___________________; 2)替代___________________; 3) 在从句中充当
______________
请划出下列句子中的定语从句、先行词及关系代词：
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
2. 关系词的分类及用法
关系词分为_________和_______________,
定语从句形式功能能否省略关系词先行词
限制性定语从
句
非限制定语从
句
1、that及which的区别。
1）用that而不用which的情况：
①当先行词是不定代词everything, anything, nothing ,something, all, none, few, little, some, much等代词时，或当先行词有every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。②先行词有the only, the very, the last等词修饰③先行词有形容词________或__________修饰；；④先行词既有____又有_____时; ⑤主句的主语是_______或_________⑥若关系代词在从句中作__________，一般需用that。
e.g. All that glitters is not gold
There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it.
There is little that I can do for you.
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
This i s the best film that I have ever seen.
Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.
Who is the man that is standing by the gate?
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school
Mary is no longer the girl that she was.
2）用which而不用that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词+ 关系代词。
e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry.
This is the room in which my father lived last year.
2.that 及who的区别
在one, anyone, those 指人时一般用“who”。he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用“who” 代替“that”.
Anyone _____breaks the law is punished.
Those _____ break the law are punished.
He _____ doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
2. as引导定语从句时的用法
①as引导限制性定语从句，通常用于在主句中常有the same, so或such及as相呼应,（the same …as ; such …as …; so …as）as在定语从句中可作主语、宾语。
e.g. Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
Don't do such things as you are not sure about.
※比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. （从句）
It is so big a stone that no one can lift it. （从句）
②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know,
as I expect, as is often the case等。
e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时及which的区别
①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。
e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
③as一般放在句首或句中，which置于句中。
As we know，the earth is round.
The sun heats the earth，which is very important to us.
3. 关系代词及关系副词的选择
1) 找出定语从句从句中主语和宾语是否齐全，如齐全用关系副词
2）如果定语从句缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如果是，则用关系代词，如果不是，则用关系副词。
3）如果定语从句中谓语结构是被动语态，有主语，则用关系代词
A. I know a place _______ we can have a picnic.
I know a place_____________ is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.
B. I will never forget the days _______ we spent our holidays together.
I will never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
October 1st is the day ________ new China was founded.
C. This is the reason _________he was dismissed.
This is the reason ______________ he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.
※如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation和case, position等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，（前提是从句中缺少状语）。
I can think of many cases _____ the words are used.
4. whose引导的定语从句
whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语。of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是“the+名词＋of wh ich”或“of which＋the+名词”。of whom可以代替whose指人，词序是“the+名词＋of whom” 或“of whom＋the+名词。
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
5. “介词+关系代词”考点分析
1). 考查定语从句中谓语部分的搭配习惯
(1) 看定语从句中动词及介词的搭配
The man ______ _________I spoke on the phone last night is very good at writing.
Do you like the book _____ _______she paid $10?
(2) 看定语从句中形容词及介词的搭配
He gave me some reference books _______ I am not very familiar.
China is a beautiful country, _____ _______we are proud.
2). 考查先行词及介词的搭配习惯这类考题往往要根据具体的语境来选择介词。
I’ll never forget the day _______which she said goodbye to me.
3) 考查根据句意确定介词
I am looking for my glasses, which I can’t watch TV clearly.
4) “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad.
There are two buildings, the larger ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
6.关系词作主语时，其谓语动词的数取决于先行词
尤其是“one of the +复数名词”这一结构后面的定语从句中的谓语动词，通常用复数形式，及定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词在数上保持一致。但如果“one of the+复数名词”这一
结构前面带有the only之类的限定语，从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式。
Tom is one of the boys who ________ late that morning.
Tom is the only one of the boys who ________ late that morning.
填空练习
2014-2015年高考题
1. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.【安徽】
2. China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people
all over the world want to learn about China.【福建】
3. The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.【江
苏】
4. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time_____ he should be
able to be independent.【陕西】
5. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees
enjoy their work.【天津】
6. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.【重庆】
7. The books on the desk, ______covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 【四川】
8. Opposite is St.Paul’s Church, _____you can hear some lovely music. 【北京】
9. Creating an atmosphere __employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.【浙江】
10.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago
with its winding streets and pretty cottages.【湖南】
1. The exact year________Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
2. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，_______my classmates recommended to me.
3.Students should involve themselves in community activities ______ they can gain experience for growth.
4. I am looking forward to the day ______ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
5. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ____ a good impression is a must.
6. Among the many dangers ___ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
7. A company _____profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
8. Please send us all the information ___ you have about the candidate for the position.
9. Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected.
10. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ______ uses it differently.
单句改错
1.The book that I borrowed it from the library is well written.
2.The house stood at the place which the roads meet.
3. My aunt left for Beijing, where is the capital of China.
4.We shall visit the university where my father teaches there.
5.Can you thi nk of anyone whom house is on a pile of rocks?
6.The day that I looked forward to arriving at last.
7.The fisherman whom I think is poor in fact is very rich.
8.This is th e girl who practice playing the piano every day.
9.The people, most of them are experts, will be invited to the party.
10.This is the shop which keep open till eleven at night.
11. Is that factory which your father once worked in?
12. Anyone likes it can borrow it from me.
13. You can choose anything what you like.
14.The house which we live is very large.
15. Do you still remember the days when we spent together？
16.This is the one hundredth letter which she has received from that boy.
17.This is the woman to who my mother talked just now.
18. Who is the driver who caused the accident?
19. This is all what I can do for you.
20. He is such a clever boy that I like.
21. Which is known to all, the earth is round.
22 I don’t like the way which you talked to your friend.
23 It is such a hot day as I want to go swimming very much.
24. He is the only one of the students who are good at dancing.
25. Which of you can think of a situation which this idiom is often used?
26. I have a book, whose the cover is very beautiful.
27. He beat me, as I have never expected.
28. Soon they came to a farm house, and in front of which sat a small boy.
29. The reason why he explained to me sounds reasonable.
30. Einstein is such a great scientist that we must l earn from.
名词性从句
一、名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句的引导词
1.连接词：that、if、whether
2. 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever
3. 连接副词：when、where、why、how
__________在名词性从句在从句中不充当任何成分也没有词义，____________在从句中不充当任何成分有词义“是否”。连接代词在名词性从句中均有词义充当_______、_______、_______、或_______成分。连接副词在名词性从句中均有词义充当_________。
1.【主语从句】
通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
句型是：1)It+ be+ adj.+ that从句(如obvious, true, clear, important, certain, necessary…)
2) It +be +n词组+that从句（如no wonder, an honour, a pity, a fact…）
3) It +be +过去分词+ that从句(如said, reported, thought, believed,
well-known,suggested…)
4) It +不及物动词+ that从句（如happen, matter, seem, appear）
从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如:
What he said is right. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit.
It is a pity that we can’t go swimming.
It is certain that he will d o well in this exam.
It happened that I went out yesterday when you visited me.
It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.
2.【宾语从句】
通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词) 或介词或某些形容词之后。如：
I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years.
That will depend on whether they can get the chance.
注意：在think/make/consid er/find/feel/believe等可接复合宾语的动词之后，it 可以作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾
He has mad e it cl ear that he will not give in.
3.【表语从句】
表语从句放在系动词的后面。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。如：The only question l eft is how often the workers are paid.
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
4.【同位语从句】
同位语从句在句中作同位语，出现在一个名词的后面，起着解释说明的作用。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。
We heard the news that our team had won.
We were happy to hear the news that was announced by our boss.
三、注意的问题
1．名词性从句要使用陈述句语序。
在名词性从句中，主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，名词性从句均要使用陈述句语序。
①No one will be sure what man will look like in a million years.
②Do you know how much money he spent?
③Do you know what ha ppened?
2．that 及what:
that 引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词；而what引导名从时，在从句中
要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“…的…”= the + n. + that
A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago.
_______the earth goes around the sun is widely accepted.
China is no longer ____ it used to be.
At last the soldiers reached _____ the locals called the Three Gorges.
There is much chance ____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
3. if 和whether
在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换，但引导介词后边的宾语从句或从句后面紧跟or not 时只能用whether, 而不能用if 。在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，只能用whether, 而不能用if。Whether还可及不定式、or not、介词连用
①He asked if (whether) you have received his letter.
②This depends on ________ he is interested (or not).
③Have you decided_______ to go there tomorrow?
④It doesn’t matter _______he will come o r not.
4. that及if/whether
that，whether，if都不作句子的任何成分。因此，它们所引导的句子结构必须完整。that 一般用于确定的语气中，引导宾语从句时，口语中的that可省略，而其他情况中的that 一般不可省；而whether，if一般用于不确定的语句中。如：
(1)______ he learnt English before is certain.
(2) I’m not sure _______he can overcome the difficulties.
5. that 和why.
that 表示原因时，引导表语从句。而why引导的从句充当reason 的定语。
①The reason for his absence is ______he is ill.
②The reason______ he left school is _____his family is poor.
注意：this/that is because 引导表语从句指原因
this/that is why引导表语从句指结果
He was ill. That was ____ he asked three days’ leave.
6.no matter who/what/ whichever及whoever /whatever/whichever
no matter… 只能引导状语从句，…ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.
__________ was said here must be kept secret.
_________ breaks the law will be punished.
__________season it is , the man always wears his funny-looking hat.
He will give ________ needs help a warm support.
7.同位语从句及定语从句的区别。
定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以及which 互换。同位语从
句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表抽象意义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只
是对先行词的限定和修饰。
①The news that Mr.Brown will be our new English teacher is true
②The news that he told me yesterday is true.
8．宾语从句的时态(主句用一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态；主句如果用过去式，从句也必须用和过去有关的时态。除了宾语从句表的是自然规律用一般现在时。
① The teacher told us that the moon travels around the moon.
月亮围绕地球转，是客观事实。
②He made it clear that he didn't like the job.
9. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气——“(shoul d) + do”
在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有: （1）It is necessary, (important, natural, strange, etc.) that...
（2）It is suggested,(requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...
（3）一坚持（insist）、二命令（ord er，command）、三建议（suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（d emand，d esire, require，request）。
（4）主语是suggestion, proposal, request, d ecision等表“建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(shoul d) + do”。
It is necessary that a college student _______(master)at least a foreign language.
I advised that he _____ (send)to the hospital at once.
My suggestion is that he _______ (go) to see a doctor at once.
I am against his advice that the bridge ______(pull) down.
总结：名词性从句引导词的选择三步骤
步骤一：如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语，或者表语，或者定语，则考虑用连接代词(What, who , which ,whose ,whatever…)
步骤二：如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语，也不缺少表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语，则考虑用连接副词(where, when, why, how…)
步骤三：如果既不缺少主语，宾语，表语，也不缺少状语，则考虑用连接词(that, whether, if)
名词性从句专练
一、改错题:
1.It’s uncertain t hat the experiment is worth doing.,
2.All what is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.
3.The boy didn’t take medicine made his mother angry.
4.You can’t imagine how excited were they when they received these nice Christmas
presents.
5.That we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
6.What he really means is what he disagrees with us.
7.When we’ll finish translating the book depend on the time.
8.Where will the house be built will be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting.
9.If you come or not is up to you.
10.That is that Lu Xun once lived.
11.We thought strange that Tom did not come yesterday.
12.The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us.
13.Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
14.The energy is that makes the cells able to do their work.
15.Jack was soon told why he did was not necessary.
16.Is this what we met each other two years ago?
17.I don’t care whether she has no money. I care if she is honest or not.
18.The child is always lying, so none of us will believe no matter what he says.
19.Sara hopes to become a friend of who shares her interest.
20.We express the hope which the Browns woul d come to China again.
21.The town is quite different from that it was 3 years ago.
22.This is a fact that English is widely used as an international language.
23. The reason why he was late is because he got up late.
24. They want to make it clear to the public they do an important job.
25. As is known to all is that paper was first invented in China.
26. This is what our probl em lies.
27. You may depend on that I shall always help you.
28. It is unknown that where we will have the meeting.
29.I’ll make known to all that you were not honest.
30.When and where we shall have the l ecture are not decided
2014-2015年名词性从句高考题填空
1. A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for. (安徽卷)
2. I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. (北京卷)
3. _____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. (北京卷)
4. —I wond er __________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day. (福建卷)
5. You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. （湖南卷）
6. ________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it. (江苏卷)
7. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. (陕西卷)
8. The exhibition tells us _____ we shoul d do something to stop air pollution. （四川卷）
9. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hid d en in the water. （浙江卷）
10. We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. (重庆卷)
1.(2014山东卷)7. It is difficult for us to imagine______ life was like for slaves in the ancient worl d.
2.(2014北京卷)30. The best moment for the football star was ______ he scored the
winning goal.
3.(2014北京卷)33. Some people believe ______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
4.(2014福建卷)34. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing______ you're afraid to d o.
5.(2014湖南卷)24. As John Lennon once said，life is______ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
6.(2014江苏卷)26. —What a mess! You are always so lazy!—I'm not to blame, mum. I am______ you have made me.
7.(2014全国大纲卷)24. Exactly ______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
8.(2014陕西卷)15. ______ the delayed flight will take off d epends much on the weather.
9.(2014四川卷)2. Grandpa pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s ______ I was born.”
10.(2014天津卷)14. I think ______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
11.(2014浙江卷)8. “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ______ my mother used to tell me.
12.(2014重庆卷)12. —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yal e University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no id ea ______ he did it; that’s one of his favorite university.
并列连词和状语从句
一、状语从句的定义、功能、分类
定义：在复合句中作状语的从句
功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句
分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。
从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。
状语从句的考点主要是：主从句时态一致，从属连词不能及并列连词连用，根据主从句之间的逻辑关系选择正确的连词，某些连词的固定句型以及状语从句的省略问题。
二、用法
1、时间状语从句
常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, i mmediately , directly, no sooner… than, hardly …when, scarcely… when
I didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
2、地点状语从句
常用引导词:where，wherever,
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Please make a mark where you have any question.
3、原因状语从句
常用引导词:because, since, as, now that
My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.
4、目的状语从句
常用引导词:so that, in order that, in case, for fear that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
5、结果状语从句
常用引导词:so that, so… that, such … that,
He got up early so that he caught the first bus.
It's such a good chance that we must not miss it.
6、条件状语从句
常用引导词:if, unless, as/so long as, providing/provided that, suppose/supposing that, on condition that
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
7、让步状语从句
常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though, as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter +疑问词，疑问词-ever
Much as I respect him, I can't agree to his proposal.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
8、比较状语从句
常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较),
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
9、方式状语从句
常用引导词:as, as if,
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
三、用法灵活的as, whil e 引导的状语从句
1. as可以引导时间、原因、让步、比较和方式5种状语从句。
2. whil e可以引导时间、让步、条件3种状语从句。
While(=Though) I like the color of the hat, I don’t like its shape.
四、It be +时间+when/that/since/before用法辨析
1.it was+ (时刻，或时间点）+ when 从句
It was 1997 when Hongkong returned to China.
It was five o'clock when we arrived at the small mountain village.
对比强调句型：It was at five o'clock that we arrived at the small mountain village.
2.It + will be + 时间段+ before...”句型中，表示“要过多久才…”，
“It will not be +时间段+ befor e…”表示“不久就……，过不了多久就……”。
“it was +时间段+ before …” 表示“过了（多长时间）才……”
It was two years before Macao returned to China. It won’t be long before you see him again.
It was long before they escaped from the prison.
3. it is (has been)+一段时间+since从句
It is/has been two days since she fell ill.
强化习题：
1.It was last Sunday _____ I came across Mr Brown.
2.It was midnight _____ the young couple came back from the ball.
3.It won’t be a minute _____the lunch is ready.
4.It is two weeks _____the Smiths lived in our village.
5.It was not until 1920 _____ regular radio broadcasts began.
6.Was it during the Second Worl d War _____ he died?
7.It has been one year _____ I got the job.
8.It wasn’t long _____ they drove the enemy off their country.
9.It will be two years _____ we meet again.
10.It is years _____ I enjoyed myself so much..
11. It was two years ________he realized the truth.
12. It will be two years ________ the economic situation improves.
13. It was two years later ________ he realized the truth.
14. It is /has been two years ________ he lived here.
15. It was midnight ________ he arrived home.
16. It was at midnight ________ he arrived home.
17. It was not until midnight _______ he arrived home.
A. before
B. when
C. since
D. that
填空
1. ______ scientists have l earned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
2. If you miss this chance, it may be years ____ you get another one.
3. Hardly had I entered the room ____ the phone rang.
4. I was listening to the music ________ there was a knock at the door.
5. _____the damage is d one, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
6. Go and get your coat. It's ______ you left it.
7. ______ the day went on，the weather got worse.
8. The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ______ I coul d ask for their names.
9. I believe you will have a wonderful time here you get to know everyone else.
10. We need to get to the root of the probl em______ we can solve it.
11. The meaning of the word "nice' changed a few times______ it finally came to include the sense "pleasant."
12．I don’t really like the author, ______ I have to admit his books are very exciting.
13．We found the books two days ____ he had gone away.
14．Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a tax i ______ the bus had dropped her.
15 You will never gain success______ you are fully devoted to your work.
16．D o not leave the room _____ you have finished the test.
17.___________ hard I tried, I still couldn't manage it.
18.It was not ____ he took off his dark glass ____ I realized who he was.
19.Much ______ I admire David as a poet, I d on’t like him as a man.
20.Quite student ___ he may be, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
改错
1. I'll let you know as soon as they will arrive.
2. He asked me to stay which I was.
3. They had written three letters since they came back.
4. By the time we got home, I have forgotten all about it.
5. The light went out whil e we are having supper.
6. My father has two brothers , both of them are all Party members.
7. Since that everybody is here, let's start our class.
8. I don't know whether it will rain or not, but if it will, I shall stay home.
9. I was shopping at Folry's whil e I met an ol d friend.
10. Unl ess he works more hard er, he will certainly fail.
11. I never buy anything unl ess it is not really need ed.
12. She comes to talk to me whenever she felt l onely.
13. ---- What was the party like?
---- Wonderful. It's years when I enjoyed myself so much.
14. Whatever you do, and I’ll be right here waiting for you.
15. Jim imagined that the whol e worl d knew of his achievements, when
in fact only a few people had heard of it .
16. However, there are still some countries there people have shorter lives.
17. When being compl eted, the park will be open to the public.
18.Next time that I plan to travel in London, I’m going to take a plane.
19.Much although I like all the books, I can’t afford to buy them.
20. Keeping calm, no matter what happens.
21. When playing basketball, his leg was hurt.
22.Though the work was difficult, but we managed to finish it in time.
23. Thinking it over, and you will have a good idea.
24. They wrote to the boss in ord er they coul d improve their working conditions.
25. Since we are free, so let’s go to the cinema.
26. She has such little education that she is unfit for the job.
27.When a person needs to take this medicine, you must read the directions first.
28.The house built of brick lasts longer than those built of wood.
29.He never worked hard, therefore he l ost his job.
30.Susan doesn’t feel quite well, for which she is having an ache in her heart.
从句辨析练习
1．Jinan is no longer the city_______ it used to be.
Jinan is no longer _______it used to be.
Jinan is no longer the same city ______ it used to be.
2． It is well- known to us all _______ the earth is round.
_______ is well- known to us all, the earth is round.
______ is well-known to us all is that the earth is round.
3． This is such an interesting book ______everybody likes to read it.
This is such an interesting book _______ everybody likes to read.
4．He found the book _______he had lost the day before.
He found the book _______ he had lost it the day before.
5．The news ______ he told us surprised us all.
The news _______ he got killed in the race surprised us all.
6.This is all______I know about the matter.
This is _______I know about the matter.
7. Finally, the thief handed everything ______ he had stolen to the police. Finally, the thief handed _____ he had stolen to the police.
8. The boy is interested in the story_____________I am telling.
The boy is interested in ______ I am telling.
9. Anyone _____ wants to join the English club please fills in the form first.
_______ wants to join the English club please fills in the form first.
10. The words _____________ you said surprised me.
______ you said surprised me.
11. _____ she passed the exam made her mother happy.
12. He lives in the room _______ window faces south.
He lives in the room, the window of ______ faces south.
13. That is the room in ______ he lives.
That is the room __________ he lives in.
That is the room _______ he lives.
14. A new library has been set up in the place ____________ was a church two years ago.
A new library has been set up in______ was a church two years ago.
A new library has been set up ______ there was a church two years ago.
15. We came to a place ________ they had never paid a visit before.
We came to a place ____________they had never visited before.
16. There are many books for me to choose. I don’t know ______ book I should buy.
He wonders _______ book is helpful to his study.
17. It is the library ______ I borrowed the book.
It is from the library ________ I borrowed the book.
18. ______ you need more practice is clear. ______ we need is more time.
19.He said nothing ______ made her angry. He said nothing , ______ made her angry.
20.She will fly to Washington, ____ is the capital of the USA.
She will fly to Washington, _______ she can enjoy herself.
21. ____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office.
___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided.
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总 原因从句 除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。 A 原因从句 1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句： We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on． 我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。 As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there． [ 因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand． 既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。 As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking． 既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替： ~ As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him 既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他 注意：if so的用法： —I hope Bill won’t come． —If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him —我希望比尔别来。 —如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他 关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。 ~ B 结果从句由because或as引导： The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit． 保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。 He was angry because we were late． 他生气是因为我们来晚了。 As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day． 因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。 ~ As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards． 因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
状语从句考点+例题_全面解析（word） 一、初中英语状语从句 1．一What will you do then? 一I will telephone the police and complain about it the noise stops soon. A．unless B．though C．because D．if 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：----那么你会怎么做？-----我会给警察打电话投诉，除非噪音很快停止。考查连词辨析。A. unless除非，如果不，引导否定的条件状语从句；B. though虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；C. because因为，引导原因状语从句；D. if如果，引导条件状语从句。根据句意可知后句表示否定条件，填unless；选A。 2．Tony has had to cook by himself ________ his mother went on business to Guangzhou. A．since B．after C．during D．when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：自从妈妈去广州出差以来，托尼不得不自己做饭。A. since从……以来；B. after在……之后；C. during 在……期间；D. when当……时候。since后跟时间状语从句时，表示的是到目前为止的时间段，从句时态为一般过去时，而主句的时态为现在完成时，故正确答案为A。 3．___________ she couldn’t see his face, she could tell by his voice that he was young. A．Unless B．If C．Because D．Though 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：虽然她看不见他的脸，但是她能够通过声音分辨出他很年轻。A. Unless除非；B. If 如果；C. Because因为；D. Though尽管。根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法。结合句意可知，在这里两个句子之间存在一个相反的让步关系，though/although/even though"虽然；尽管"，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。故答案选D。 4．If the kids stay indoors all the time and get no exercise, they _________ weak.
一. 宾语从句object clause： 一. 定义definition： 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二. 连接词connections： that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book. 只用whether的情况： 1. 与or not连用： I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2. 与动词不定式连用： He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3. 连接词前有介词时： It depends on whether he is coming. 三. 时态tenses: 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。 1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 二. 定语从句Attributive clause： 1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句 2.先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that 3. 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后 4.关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词 5.翻译方法“…. 的” Eg. 1. Yesterday we bought a book which is really hard to understand. 2. The students who are from Maple Leaf School like learning English. Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（包括介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom 1.This is the teacher whom\who we like best. 2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking. Whose : 指人或物，作定语，表示“…的” eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.
在复合句中，由从句表示的状语叫做状语从句。它可以用来修饰主语中的动词.形容词.副词等。根据它表达的意思，状语从句可以分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，结果状语从句和让步状语从句等。由连接词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中，条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”。（注意：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态，从句要用一般现在时[主将从现原则]) [编辑本段] 条件状语从句的有关知识 语法引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如: If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。 另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如: If I were you, I would invite him to the party.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。 那么,除了if之外,是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的,不仅有,还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小,且用法较复杂一些,所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。 1、unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。 2、on condition(that)...在……条件下,如果on condition (that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。 You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。 3、supposing conj.如果,假如supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。 Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
中考英语状语从句考点归纳与例析 【重点讲解】 中考英语试题对状语从句的考查主要涉及引导状语从句的从属连词的用法。单项选择题的四个选项往往是四个连词，这是状语从句最常见的考查形式。另一个考点是状语从句中的时态，因此，在学习状语从句时要弄清状语从句的几个主要类别，如时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、目的、结果等，同时记住它们的“引导词”及其相关意义。 考点一：引导状语从句的连词的选择。 1、引导时间状语从句的连词主要有when, while, as, by the time, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as等。其中when，while和as都可表示"当……时候"，但用法有区别: when意为"在……时;当……时",可表示"点时间"或"段时间",从句谓语可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词。例如: When I got home, he was having supper. as意为"边……边……"或"与……同时",重在表示两个动作同时发生。伴随进行。as从句是终止性动词时,主句通常也必须是终止性动词。例如: They sang as they danced. while只可表示"段时间",从句谓语只限于延续性动词。例如: While I was sleeping, my father came in. 注意：从句谓语是持续性动词时,when，while和as可以互换。主、从句谓语都是终止性动词时，when与as可互换。从句谓语表示状态时，通常用while。 2、引导地点状语从句的常用连词是where。例如： Where there is a will there ia a way. 3、引导原因状语从句的连接词主要有because, as, since, for。例如： Tom was late for school this morning because he didn’t catch the early bus. As he was not well,I decided to go there without him. Since this method doesn't work, let's try another. for表示所说的理由是一种补充说明，因此, for引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。例如: I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry. 注意：because语气最强，as, since, for次之。对于以why开头的问句，一般要用because引导的从句来回答。 4、引导条件状语从句的连接词主要有if, unless, as long as。例如： If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. Unless you tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is. 5、引导让步状语从句的连接词有although, though, even if, even though。例如： Although (though) I gave him some advice, he didn’t take them.
初中三大从句 一、中考要求： 宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句的用法是中考热点之一，主要考查三种从句的引导词的选择；宾语从句的语序和时态；状语从句主要考查时间状语从句、条件状语从句、因果状语从句，特别是条件状语从句的时态、so… that引导的结果状语从句和目的状语从句等。 二、知识要点： 1. 宾语从句： 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、语序和时态。 宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that；2）whether/ if；3）特殊疑问词What/ when/ where/ who等。例如： He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。 Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. 你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。 Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？ 你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗？ 1) 以that引导的宾语从句： that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分， that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。 Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗？ He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句： 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由 原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意思是“是否”。 Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。 I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。 注意： 以下情况一般只用whether不用if。 ①接带to的动词不定式。
初中英语专项训练宾语从句中考考点点击初中英语 宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。笔者认真研读了近年来有关宾语从句的中考题，发觉其考查的重点一样都集中在以下几个方面： 一、连接词 宾语从句的连接词分为三类： 1.引导陈述句用that〔在口语或非正式文体中常常省略〕。 2.引导一样疑咨询句用if或whether。 注意：以下几种情形通常使用whether： 〔1〕在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，专门是直截了当与or not连用时，往往用whether； 〔2〕在介词之后用whether； 〔3〕在不定式前用whether等。 3.引导专门疑咨询句，只需用原先的专门疑咨询词。 中考题例： We'd like to know ___________ or not.〔2004年山东潍坊〕 A.whether will the sports meeting come B.if will the sports meeting come C.whether the sports meeting will come D.if the sports meeting will come 答案与解析：答案为C项。题干中显现了or not，因此连接宾语从句的引导词要用whether，应选C项。 二、语序 在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句依旧疑咨询句，从句一律是用〝连接词＋陈述句语序〞，其标点符号由主句来决定。
中考题例： - Excuse me，could you tell me ___________？ - Certainly.It's over there along the street on the left.〔2005年吉林〕 A.where the People's Park is B.where is the People's Park C.the People's Park is where D.the People's Park where is 答案与解析：答案为A项。宾语从句一律使用陈述句语序，应选A项。 三、时态 1.假如主句的谓语动词是一样现在时或一样今后时，宾语从句的时态可视情形使用任何一种相关的时态。 2.假如主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。 3.假如宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或适应性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态适应上都用一样现在时。 4.情态动词could / would用于〝要求〞，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。 中考题例： Do you know ___________ this time yesterday？〔2005年黑龙江〕 A.what she is cooking B.what is she cooking C.what she was cooking D.what was she cooking 答案与解析：答案为C项。由时刻状语this time yesterday可知，宾语从句应用过去进行时态，应选C项。 四、否定转移 当宾语从句表示否定的意义时，假设主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect等时，应在主句上加以否定。 中考题例：
（一）状语从句概述 定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。 位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 逗号和主句隔开。 分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。 作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。 （二）状语从句详解 1. 时间状语从句 引导词用法示例 when 意为“当…的时候”。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。When he arrives, I’ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“在…的时候，在…的 同时”。While引导从句的 谓语动词必须是延续性While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.
的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as 意为“一边…一边…”。As 引导的动作是延续性的， 发生时间较短，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生；as也可以强调一前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”. He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“在…之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“在…之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语， 并且当before引导的从句 位于主句之后，有时译成 “就，才”。当主句用将来时，You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada
状语从句考点+例题_全面解析 一、初中英语状语从句 1．We all know that we won't enjoy good health ______ we often exercise. A．though B．if C．when D．unless 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我们都知道如果我们不经常锻炼，我们将不会享有好的健康。考查连词的用法。A. though虽然，尽管；B. if如果；C. when当......的时候；D. unless除非，如果不。根据句意：我们都知道如果我们不经常锻炼，我们将不会享有好的健康。只有D项符合题意。故选D。 【点睛】 主将从现是指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。 常见的有以下四种情况： 一、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时 如：When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients 我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人 二、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时 如：Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。 三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时 如：You should be quiet when you are in the reading room 在阅览室时应保持安静 四. 如果if的条件状语从句遇到变换间接和直接时 , 祈使句应用not to.... 如; She said not to close the window 常见的时间状语从句的连词有：as soon as,when,while ,as,until等。 2．—I’m going to the post office. —________you are there, can you get me some stamps? A．When B．While C．Because D．If 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：A. As 一边…一边，作为 B. While当…时候 C. Because 因为 D. lf假如；句意：我将要去邮局。你去那里的时候，能不能给我带一些邮票呢？故选B 考点：连词 点评：连词在中考中涉及到的很多，尤其在宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句中连词是必考点。平时学习过程中，掌握连词的意思，及所表示的关系是至关重要的，这种关系的判断可以通过句子意思的理解来选择恰到的连词。
最新英语│中考英语宾语从句(有难度)经典 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．— Excuse me, could you tell me ? — Sorry, sir. I wasn't there at that time yesterday. A．how the accident happens B．how does the accident happen C．how the accident happened D．how did the accident happen 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——抱歉，打扰一下，你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？——不好意思，先生。昨天这个时候我不在那里。 考查宾语从句。根据英语语法，宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，B、D选项可排除。根据答句的yesterday提示，事故发生在昨天，故宾语从句的谓语也应用过去式，即happened，故应选C。 2．—I'm going to give a talk on the Dragon Boat Festival to the exchange students. —Great! But don't forget to tell them __________. A．what should they eat at the festival B．what kind of race is often held C．why people enjoy the full moon D．how do people celebrate it 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：――我要给交换生们作一份有关端午节的报告。――好极了。但是不要忘了告诉他们：A.whatshouldtheyeatatthefestival.他们在节日里应该吃什么； B.whypeopleenjoythefullmoon为什么人们喜欢圆月； C.whatkindofraceisoftenheld经常举行的什么比赛； D.Howdopeoplecelebrateit人们怎样庆祝。宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，可以排除掉A、D,再根据常识可知龙舟节跟欣赏满月没有关系，排除掉C，所以正确答案选B。考点：考查宾语从句的用法 3．—What else did Tina ask you about the trip to Nanjing? —She asked me ______. A．who was the guide of the trip B．when they will visit the Presidential Palace
状语从句的讲解 就是用一句话作状语分为：时间，地点，方式，原因，结果，条件，让步，目的，比较 一、时间状语从句 第一次见到你 一见到你我就喜欢上了你 直到见到你 五岁时见到你 When, as, while, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as no sooner…than…scarcely…when…hardly…when…the minute the second the instant the moment by the time 截止immediately instantly directly each time every time next time the first time on doing sth when while 当…时 as 1. when 1）当…时/ 延续性动词短暂性动词都可用 2）这时/ 3）届时、到时 I was watching TV when my cellphone suddenly rang这时 When I was five years old I could speak five languages The wet weather will continue tommorow when a cold front is expected to arrive届时到时 注意：时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完成时 When my mother came back I had already gone to bed. 2. while 1）从句动词延续性 2）同时发生 3）对比的意味“然而” 4）趁着 He taught himself while he worked in a bank 延续性动词当他在银行上班时 While we were working they were having a rest.对比 While they were having a discussion , they got very confused.同时 I want the girls to experience that while they are young趁着她们还年轻我想让姑娘们体验一下对比：I prefer black tea, while he likes coffee 3.As 1)当…时 2）一边...一边 3)随着 As the children walked along the street, they sang happily.当孩子们 He sang as he danced一边一边 You will grow wiser as you grow older随着 4.before 1）在…前 2）前加一段时间直到…才… 3)还没来得及 4)要过…时间才 I’ll be back before you leave It may be many years before we meet again 可能要过很多年我们才能见面
【英语】状语从句考点解析（Word版附答案） 一、初中英语状语从句 1．He made a serious mistake, but he took immediate action to change that ______ it got worse. A．until B．when C．because D．before 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：他犯一个严重的错误。但他采取行动来改变它以免变得更糟。A. Until直到；B. When当……时；C. Because因为；D. Before在……之前。在变得更糟之前采取行动改变。故选D。 考点：考查连词辨析。 2．---The two old friends were ____ busy ____ with each other that they forgot the time. ---Yes. They hadn’t met for over ten years, so they kept talking the whole night. A．too; to talk B．too; talking C．so; to talk D．so; talking; 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意:这两个老朋友那么忙于交谈以至于忘了时间。是。他们十年多没见到了，所以他们聊了一晚上。考查句式so…that…因此……以至于……;be busy doing忙于做……，故选D。 考点：考查so…that句式。 3．___________ she couldn’t see his face, she could tell by his voice that he was young. A．Unless B．If C．Because D．Though 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：虽然她看不见他的脸，但是她能够通过声音分辨出他很年轻。A. Unless除非；B. If 如果；C. Because因为；D. Though尽管。根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法。结合句意可知，在这里两个句子之间存在一个相反的让步关系，though/although/even though"虽然；尽管"，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。故答案选D。 4．Pandas are facing danger!The situation won’t change humans stop killing. A．unless B．though C．if D．after 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：熊猫面临危险。如果人们不停止杀害熊猫，形势不会改变。此题考查连词，A如果不；B尽管；C如果；D在之后。根据句意，应选A。 考点：考查连词。
讲义二 初中三大从句 一、中考要求： 宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句的用法是中考热点之一，主要考查三种从句的引导词的选择；宾语从句的语序和时态；状语从句主要考查时间状语从句、条件状语从句、因果状语从句，特别是条件状语从句的时态、so… that引导的结果状语从句和目的状语从句等。 二、知识要点： 1. 宾语从句： 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、语序和时态。宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that；2）whether/ if；3）特殊疑问词What/ when/ where/ who等。例如： He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。 Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. 你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。 Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗？1) 以that引导的宾语从句： that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。 Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗？ He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句： 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意思是“是否”。 Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。 I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。 注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。 ①接带to的动词不定式。 She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。 ②与or not连用时。 I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来，我说不准。
状语从句的翻译 状语从句内容丰富，涉及面广，可以用来表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、等意义。英语状语从句的翻译，一般比较容易处理，通常可以直接翻译。但是这里我们所要讨论的是，在汉语译文中，要如何将状语从句置于恰当的位置，并如何将其与主句之间自然连贯地连接起来，如何按汉语的习惯表达将句子类型进行相应的变化。由于两种语言表达上的不同，在状语从句的安排方面，存在着明显的差异，所以在翻译的时候也需要根据汉语习惯来灵活翻译。 一、时间状语从句 在英语中，时间状语从句的连接词常常有：when（当...的时候），whenever（每当...），as（当...时），since（自从...），until（直到...，如果不....），till（直到...），before（在...前），after（在...后），assoonas（一...就），once（一旦...），themoment（一...就），immediately（一...就），theday（在...那天），nosooner... than（一...就），hardly(scarcely)... when（一...就），theinstant（一...就），instantly（一...就），directly （一...就），theminute（一...就），thesecond（一...就），everytime（每当...），bythetime （等到....的时候）等。翻译的时候，一般翻译在主句的前面。 （一）译成相应的时间状语 Whileshespoke, thetearswererunningdown. 她说话时，泪水直流。 Ashefinishedthespeech, theaudienceburstintoapplause. 他结束讲话的时候，听众掌声雷动。 （二）译成“一（刚、每）...就”的结构 Directlyheutteredthesewordstherewasadeadsilence. 他刚说出这些话，大家就沉默下来。 （三）译成条件句 由于时间状语的引导词除了显示时间关系之外，有时候可以表示条件关系， 所以还可以翻译为条件句。 Turnofftheswitchwhenanythinggoeswrongwiththemachine. 如果机器发生故障，就把电门关上。 Abodyatrestwillnotmovetillaforceisexertedonit. 若无外力的作用，静止的物体不会移动。
状语从句高考考点高考状语从句讲解 语法专题 状语从句 考点归纳 考点一：对when，while，as，since等词的辨析 when，while，as，since在引导时间状语从句时的区别可参见下表： 和从句动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的，它引导的从句用延续性动词，若从句中是非延续性动词，不能用while。 表示“一边……一边”的意思时用as或while。 As/While she was cooking she was singing songs、 She sang as she cooked、 当主句谓语动词表示短暂动作，而从句动作可以持续一段时间时，三个连词都可以用。 Tom poke his leg while/when/as he was playing football、注意： ① when也可用作并列连词，其意义为“就在那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time，常用下列句式中： We were having a meeting when someone poke in、 We were about to set off on our way，when it suddenly began to rain、
He had just left the room when it rained、 另外when还可表示原因“既然”。 It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes、 ②while除引导时间状语从句外，还可引导让步或条件状语从句及作并列连词连结两个并列的简单句。如：While he was respected，he was not liked、 There will be life while there is water and air、 He is a worker while I am a doctor、 since引导从句时在主句是现在完成时的条件下，从句若为非延续性动词的一般过去时，表示从该动作的完成时刻算起，因此动词的语法形式与词义一致，是肯定意义；若从句动词为延续性动词的一般过去时，表示动作或状态从最后一次发生到现在。因此其含义与动词的词义恰好相反，具有否定意义，若从句延续性动词用现在完成时，则动词的语法形式与词义一致，是肯定意义。 I haven”t heard from her since she left Beijing、 自从她离开北京后，我从未收到她的信。 I haven”t written to her since she lived in London、 自从她离开伦敦以后，我从未给她写信。 Since I have been at this school we have three headmasters、
人教部编版初中英语最重要的3大从句考点总结 宾语从句 一、定义 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二、连接词 that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book. 只用whether的情况： 1. 与or not连用： I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2. 与动词不定式连用： He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3. 连接词前有介词时： It depends on whether he is coming. 三、时态 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。
1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时， 这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 定语从句 一、定义 在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。 二、先行词 先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后 三、关系代词 关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不 可再出现其他代替先行词的代词 四、翻译方法“…. 的” Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当 宾语（包括介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom 1. This is the teacher whom\who we like best.