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最新发行版Openstack Havana单机安装指引

最新发行版Openstack Havana单机安装指引
分类: Openstack 2013-11-14 10:20 640人阅读 评论(1) 收藏 举报
openstack云计算虚拟化
目录(?)[+]
转载请注明出处 - 阿Q
v1.0 //2013/11/12
v1.1 //2013/12/6 修改glance的配置,防止snapshot创建时的错误。
//2013/12/7 修改Horizon的配置,使一些项目可以编辑
//2014/02/08修改小错误

Havana于2013年10月份发布,稳定版本为2013.2。相信很多Openstack爱好者和开发测试人员已经开始使用了。作为IaaS架构平台,Openstack面向的是集群主机虚拟化和资源的半自动化调配。但是作为测试和开发使用,尤其是在有限成本控制下,多主机测试在资金和空间占用上耗费较多。所以我们寻求在单主机下实现Openstack的运行。
本文面向的读者:
- 具备基本的Openstack知识(逻辑架构和组成部分)
- 熟悉基本的Linux操作和配置。本文使用的是Ubuntu12.04 LTS Server版,这也是Openstack官方测试所选择的Linux发行版。

既然是单主机系统,那就对主机的配置稍有要求。我用的是Dell的PC服务器,4核,4G内存,500G硬盘,单网卡。这也应该算是最低配置了。说起网卡,Havana官方文档建议的是采用双网段(可以区分内网管理和外网服务),这也就要求我们的服务器具有两个物理端口。因为我们是测试环境,无需区分网络,所以单网卡可以满足要求,只是需要检查单网段下Havana是否工作正常。

因为是单机安装,存储和网络相对都简单化了,所以这里我们暂时不会涉及对象存储(Object Storage),块存储(Block Storage)和网络,以后我会讲如何仿真。

安装会涉及到如下几部分。
操作系统的基本配置
配置认证服务(Identity Service)
配置镜像服务(Image Service)
配置云计算服务(Compute Services)
增加用户面板(Dashboard)
注:本文所有的操作命令都是在Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server版的root用户下执行,所以请先进入root用户模式(sudo -i)以方便执行。
1. 操作系统的基本配置
1.1 网络配置
由于我们只有单网卡,OS的网络配置在你安装系统的时候就已经完成了,所以在此无需配置。针对Openstack的内部网段,我们可以通过虚拟桥接方式实现。你可以手工配置,当然Openstack安装的时候也会自动配置,这里我们先略过不谈。
1.2 NTP配置
因为是单机安装,无需配置NTP Server。
1.3 安装MySql数据库
Openstack服务需要数据库来存储信息。我们就拿常用的MySql来举例。需要安装客户端,数据库和Python库。

# apt-get install python-mysqldb mysql-server
安装时,会需要你设置root用户密码。Openstack要求MySql没有匿名用户权限,所以你需要删除匿名用户和无关的数据库。下面这个命令可以实现。

# mysql_secure_installation

运行以后,会有一些选项,全选yes就ok。
1.4 准备Openstack包
在Ubuntu下,需要安装一些针对Havana的最新的包。

# apt-get install python-software-properties
# add-apt-repository cloud-archive:havana
这些包安装完后,你需要升级一下系统。

# apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade
1.5 安装消息队列服务
Openstack默认选用了RabbitMQ。也支持Qpid和ZeroMQ。

# apt-get install rabbitmq-server
2. 配置认证服务(Identity Service)
2.1 安装认证服务(Keystone)

# apt-get install keystone python-keystone python-keystoneclient
我们在mysql里为认证服务创建一个数据库,名字就叫做keystone,密码也是keystone

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE keystone;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'gogo20060330';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'gogo20060330';
修改Keystone的配置文件/etc/keystone/keystone.conf,使其指向我们刚刚创建的数据库。修改[sql]部分如下:

[sql]
# The SQLAlchemy connection string used to connect to the database
connection = mysql://keystone:keystone@localhost/keystone
接下来创建keystone需要的表格。

# keystone-manage db_sync
生成admin的token。(4b218b252bc08879ba80)


# openssl rand -hex 10
还是编辑/etc/keystone/keystone.conf,把上面生成的token替换下面的ADMIN_TOKEN

[DEFAULT]
# A "shared secret" between keystone and other openstack services
admin_token = bb4470feb2602b1f46ef
重启认证服务
91f1cd5a9639265b8c97

# service keystone restart

2.2 定义用户(Users)、租户(Tenants)和角色(Roles)
在使用认证服务的时候,你需要一对用户名和密码。目前我们还没有创建任何用户,但我们可以使用之前创建的管理token。需要做的就是把这个token传给keystone命令(参数为--token)。为了避免每次使用keystone命令都加一些相同的参数,我们可以把这些参数值放到环境变量里。

# export OS_SERVICE_TOKEN=4b218b252bc08879ba80

# export OS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=http://controller:35357/v2.0
其中endpoint指明认证服务在哪运行。下面创建租户。

# keystone tenant-create --name=admin --description="Admin Tenant"
# keystone tenant-create --name=service --description="Service Tenant"

创建管理用户。用户密码ADMIN_PASS需要自己指定。

# keystone user-create --name=admin --pass=gogo20060330 --email=lvtaoo@https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,
创建角色

# keystone role-create --name=admin
为用户添加角色和租户属性。

# keystone user-role-add --user=admin --tenant=admin --role=admin
2.3 定义服务和API接入点(endpoints)
认证服务不光管理着用户属性,还登记所有Openstack服务,包括它自己本身。所以我们注册一个认证服务。

# keystone service-create --

name=keystone --type=identity --description="Keystone Identity Service"
创建成功后会生成一个id,这个id要用在下面这个命令上,以便创建API接入点。(id=7a6e072fa833431b970fe293938e26b6)

# keystone endpoint-create --service-id=ecf6f17ecbec0e8f7736 --publicurl=http://controller:5000/v2.0 --internalurl=http://controller:5000/v2.0 --adminurl=http://controller:35357/v2.0
同样的,当你安装其他Openstack服务时,像Glance,Nova,都要运行类似上面的命令。
2.4 验证认证服务是否安装成功
先把环境变量取消。

# unset OS_SERVICE_TOKEN OS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT
制作一个文件,文件名自取,例如ksrc,内容如下,然后source一下它。

export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://127.0.0.1:35357/v2.0


# source ksrc

现在你可以尝试获得一下token,如果成功,说明认证服务工作正常。

$ keystone token-get

3. 配置镜像服务
很多命令与配置认证服务一样,我就不做过多解释了。
3.1 安装镜像服务(Glance)
安装glance包。

# apt-get install glance
删除/var/lib/glance/glance.sqlite,防止错误使用sqlite数据库。
为镜像服务创建数据库,名字叫做glance,密码也是glance

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE glance;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
生成数据表。

# glance-manage db_sync

keystone里创建glance用户,密码(GLANCE_PASS)自己指定

# keystone user-create --name=glance --pass=gogo20060330 --email=lvtaoo@https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,
# keystone user-role-add --user=glance --tenant=service --role=admin
修改glance配置文件/etc/glance/glance-api.conf和glance-registry.conf,找到如下部分并修改。

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_host = 127.0.0.1
auth_port = 35357
auth_protocol = http
admin_tenant_name = service
admin_user = glance
admin_password = GLANCE_PASS
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
在认证服务里注册镜像服务并创建API接入点。

# keystone service-create --name=glance --type=image --description="Glance Image Service"
(得到ID=0a2d9ac1ddd74ff59d52cebc2b73acc4)
# keystone endpoint-create --service-id=0a2d9ac1ddd74ff59d52cebc2b73acc4 --publicurl=http://127.0.0.1:9292 --internalurl=http://127.0.0.1:9292 --adminurl=http://127.0.0.1:9292
重启服务。

# service glance-registry restart
# service glance-api restart

3.2 验证镜像服务是否安装成功(此处学习制作镜像文件,将ubuntu 12.04lts上传至192.168.15.136,然后制作)
准备好一个镜像文件,这个镜像文件可以自己制作,也可以从网上下载。我制作了一个Ubuntu12.04 LTS Server的镜像ubuntu_1204_server.qcow2。至于怎么制作镜像,

我们另文讨论。
创建一个镜像。

# glance image-create --name="Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server" --disk-format=qcow2 --container-format=bare --is-public=true < ubuntu_1204_server.qcow2
我的镜像如下所示。

# glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------+--------+
| ID | Name | Disk Format | Container Format | Size | Status |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------+--------+
| dbe3ba9c-c22b-41c9-bac5-dd0e6964c1ce | Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server | qcow2 | bare | 1502347264 | active |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------+--------+
4. 配置云计算服务
4.1 安装nova控制服务
先安装所需要的包

# apt-get install nova-novncproxy novnc nova-api nova-ajax-console-proxy nova-cert nova-conductor nova-consoleauth nova-doc nova-scheduler python-novaclient
为nova创建数据库,名字叫做nova,密码也是nova

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE nova;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
编辑nova配置文件/etc/nova/nova.conf,使其指向自己的数据库。

[database]
# The SQLAlchemy connection string used to connect to the database
sql_connection = mysql://nova:nova@localhost/nova
还有一些其他需要在配置文件nova.conf里修改或添加的属性,如下所示

my_ip=127.0.0.1
vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address=127.0.0.1
auth_strategy=keystone
rpc_backend=nova.rpc.impl_kombu
rabbit_host=127.0.0.1
glance_host=127.0.0.1
同时修改/etc/nova/api-paste.ini如下。

[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystoneclient.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory
auth_host = 127.0.0.1
auth_port = 35357
auth_protocol = http
admin_tenant_name=service
admin_user=nova
admin_password=nova
生成数据表。

# nova-manage db sync
接下来就是比较熟悉的命令了,如果命令返回错误,可以重启一下nova服务。

# keystone user-create --name=nova --pass=gogo20060330 --email=lvtaoo@https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,
# keystone user-role-add --user=nova --tenant=service --role=admin

# keystone service-create --name=nova --type=compute --description="Nova Compute Service"
ID=38846521edda47ed85cc02ba0d4ddc4e
# keystone endpoint-create --service-id=38846521edda47ed85cc02ba0d4ddc4e --publicurl=http://127.0.0.1:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s --internalurl=http://127.0.0.1:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s --adminurl=http://127.0.0.1:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s



然后重启一下服务

# service nova-api restart
# service nova-cert restart
# service nova-consoleauth restart
# service nova-scheduler restart
# service nova-conductor restart
# service nova-novncproxy restart
下面可以检查一下nova是否配置正确,可以用如下命令。

# nova image-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status | Server |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
| dbe3ba9c-c22b-41c9-bac5-dd0e6964c1ce | Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server | ACTIVE | |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
4.2 安装一个nova云计算节点
先下载所需要的包。

# apt-get install nova-compute-kvm python-novaclient python-guestfs
删除默认安装的SQLite数据库

# rm /var/lib/nova/nova.sqlite
重启计算服务

# service nova-compute restart
4.3 激活内部网络
这应该算是很关键的一步了。我们选用FlatDHCPManager。以后我会用一个专题讲网络。
下载网络包。

# apt-get install nova-network

编辑配置文件/etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
network_manager=https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,work.manager.FlatDHCPManager
fixed_range=192.168.122.0/24
flat_network_dhcp_start=192.168.122.2
flat_network_bridge=virbr0
重启网络服务。

# service nova-network restart

创建自己的虚拟网络。

# nova network-create vmnet --bridge-interface=virbr0
4.4 启动一个镜像
生成密钥

$ ssh-keygen
$ cd .ssh
$ nova keypair-add --pub_key id_rsa.pub mykey
如果你需要自己的镜像实例能被ping通和ssh,需要放开如下权限

# nova secgroup-add-rule defaulttcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/0
# nova secgroup-add-rule defaulticmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0

启动实例

$ nova boot --flavor --key_name mykey --image --security_group default Ubuntu
以下是我的例子。

# nova flavor-list
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True |
| 4 | https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,rge | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True |
| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True |
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+


# nova image-list
+--------------------------------------+---

----------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status | Server |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
| dbe3ba9c-c22b-41c9-bac5-dd0e6964c1ce | Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server | ACTIVE | |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+


# nova list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------+
| eff82154-bd75-40a7-bc83-60ba0f5b2ac4 | ubuntu | ACTIVE | None | Running | vmnet=192.168.122.2 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------+

5. 增加用户面板
这个非常简单,安装完以后就可以访问了。

# apt-get install memcached libapache2-mod-wsgi openstack-dashboard
编辑/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings.py

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "_member_"



接着访问http:///horizon,是不是很简单。

因为时间有限,写的比较简单,肯定会有错误,有些概念也没有深入,以后有时间我会补充。也希望大家的反馈。





























#----------networking options---------------#
#nova的dhcpbridge配置的文件位置
--dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf
--dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge
#公共IP的网络主机
--routing_source_ip=192.168.1.50
#高效网络
--multi_host=true
#公网网卡
--public_interface=eth0
#FLAT的网卡
--flat_interface=eth1
#简单的网桥
--flat_network_bridge=br100
#虚拟机子网
--fixed_range=10.0.1.1/24
#是否尝试注入来宾网络设置
--flat_injected=False
#如果为true,例如终止发送DHCP释放
--force_dhcp_release=true
#子网的地址数
--network_size=256
#驱动程序用来创建以太网设备
--linuxnet_interface_driver = https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,work.linux_net.LinuxBridgeInterfaceDriver
#Name of Open vSwitch bridge used with linuxnet
--linuxnet_ovs_integration_bridge=br-int
#自动分配浮动ip
--auto_assign_floating_ip=false


#---Description of common nova.conf configuration options for the Compute API, RabbitMQ, EC2 API, S3 API, instance types
#日志的目录
--logdir=/var/log/nova
#nova的目录
--state_path=/var/lib/nova
#文件锁定的目录
--lock_path=/var/lock/nova
#访问s3 API的地址
--s3_host=192.168.1.50
#访问ec2 API的地址
--ec2_host=192.168.1.50
#RabbitMQ主机
--rabbit_host=192.168.1.50
#镜像服务器
--glance_api_servers=192.168.1.50:9292
#镜像服务
--image_service=nova.image.glance.GlanceImageService
#数据库连接
--sql_c

onnection=mysql://novadbadmin:novasecret@192.168.1.50/nova
#用来调用EC2 API服务器的路径前缀
--ec2_path=http://192.168.1.50:8773/services/Cloud
#nova api的配置
--api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini
#是否(重新)开始客人时,主机重新启动。如果启用,此选项会导致客人无条件 重新启动时 启动NOVA计算分配给主机。如果客人被发现停止,它会启动。如果发现在运行,它会重新启动。
--start_guests_on_host_boot=true
#是否启动主机重新启动之前,正在运行的客人。如果启用,此选项会导致NOVA-计算开始时,重新启动主机分配的客人 , 如果他们一直活跃在主机上,而 新星计算最后跑了。如果这样的客人已经在

运行,它保持不变。
--resume_guests_state_on_host_boot=true
#网络管理类
--network_manager=https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,work.manager.FlatDHCPManager
#虚拟化API连接类型
--connection_type=libvirt
#帮助
--root_helper=sudo nova-rootwrap
#打印信息
--verbose=true
#防火墙驱动程序(默认为iptables)
--firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
#DNS管理的浮动IP的完整类名
--floating_ip_dns_manager=https://www.doczj.com/doc/3717160523.html,work.dns_driver.DNSDriver
#使用系统日志
use-syslog=true



#----------Description of nova.conf file configuration options for hypervisors
#虚拟技术
--libvirt_type=kvm
#Use virtio for bridge interfaces
--libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=true
#libvirt的的VIF驱动程序,配置的VIF。
--libvirt_vif_driver = nova.virt.libvirt.vif.LibvirtBridgeDriver
#同步虚拟机和真正的鼠标光标在Windows虚拟机
--use_usb_tablet=true
#集成桥由Open vSwitch的
--libvirt_ovs_bridge=br-int
#使用的Virtio
--libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=true


#----------------身份验证-------------------#
#身份验证
--auth_strategy=keystone
#令牌
--keystone_ec2_url=http://192.168.1.50:5000/v2.0/ec2tokens

#----------------调度器-------------------#
--scheduler_driver=nova.scheduler.multi.MultiScheduler

#-------------------------VNC的配置--------------
#启用VNC相关的功能
--vnc_enabled=true
#VNC控制台
--novncproxy_base_url= http://192.168.1.50:6080/vnc_auto.html
#计算节点的地址
--vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.1.55
#例如VNC服务器的IP地址监听
--vncserver_listen=192.168.1.55
#键盘映射VNC
--vnc_keymap=en-us

#--------nova.conf的日志文件中的配置
#每行前的异常输出,这种格式0
--logging_exception_prefix="%(asctime)s TRACE %(name)s %(instance)s"
#发布错误事件
--publish_errors=true


#--------------------计算节点配置选项-------------------------#
#驱动器,用于控制虚拟化
--compute_driver=nova.virt.connection.get_connection
#实例路径
--instances_path=$state_path/instances






openstack相关服务的删除卸载命令 (2013-01-25 16:50:48)转载


标签: mysql glance nova keystone ubuntu 分类: openstack
在装openstack时,出错的可能只是一个服务模块,比如mysql,keystone,glance,nova等等,我们就需要把相应的模块卸载掉,不用重装整个系统了,这可以节省我们很多的时间,但很多人有不知道完全卸载这些模块的命令,往往保留了以前装的错误的配置文件,这就需要我们把所有的配置文件都卸载干净。

现在我给大家提供一些完全卸载的命令,我们可以写成脚本语言,可以很方便的执行:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
#删除glance
apt-get remove -y glance glance-api glance-client glance-common glance-registry python-glance
#删除nova
apt-get remove -y nova-api nova-cert nova-common nova-compute nova-compute-kvm nova-doc nova-network nova-objectstore nova-scheduler nova-volume python-nova python-novaclient nova-consoleauth python-novnc novnc
删除dashboard
apt-get remove -y libapache2-mod-wsgi openstack-dashboard
#删除mysql数据库
apt-get remove -y mysql-server python-mysqldb
#删除keystone
apt-get remove -y keystone python-keystone python-keystoneclient


dpkg -l |grep keystone|awk '{print $2}'|xargs dpkg -P
dpkg -l |grep glance|awk '{print $2}'|xargs dpkg -P
dpkg -l |grep nova|awk '{print $2}'|xargs dpkg -P
dpkg -l |grep mysql|awk '{print $2}'|xargs dpkg -P
dpkg -l |grep libapache2-mod-wsgi|awk '{print $2}'|xargs dpkg -P

## 删除掉mysql里相应的数据库
MYSQL_PASSWD=${MYSQL_PASSWD:-"cloud1234"}
mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASSWD -e "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS nova;"
mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASSWD -e "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS glance;"
mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASSWD -e "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS keystone;"












Malformed endpoint URL [closed]


That is good news. In your command you are trying to delete 'keystone endpoint-delete'. Instead of this you can delete the service itself i.e keystone service-delete . Use the service id same as the one you used for creating the endpoint. if not you can try the following directly with db itself. 1. mysql -u root -p 2. enter the sql password now 3. use keystone; 4. select * from endpoint; 5. You will see the list entries. 6. select * from endpoint where legacy_endpoint_id="cf60484bb4a748e1a31550c8343b86f0"; 7. delete from endpoint where legacy_endpoint_id="cf60484bb4a748e1a31550c8343b86f0"; Above legacy_endpoint_id is same as id shown when you run the keystone endpoint-list command. You can restart the 'service keystone restart' If this does not work do let me know. Post this you can restart your keystone If this also does not work I will figure out the SQL query to delete this endpoint.






openstack nova 命令有很多方便查找,这里记录一下。
absolute-limits Print a list of absolute limits for a user
actions Retrieve server actions.
add-fixed-ip Add new IP address to network.
add-floating-ip Add a flo

ating IP address to a server.
add-secgroup Add a Security Group to a server.
aggregate-add-host Add the host to the specified aggregate.
aggregate-create Create a new aggregate with the specified details.
aggregate-delete Delete the aggregate by its id.
aggregate-details Show details of the specified aggregate.
aggregate-list Print a list of all aggregates.
aggregate-remove-host Remove the specified host from the specified aggregate.
aggregate-set-metadata Update the metadata associated with the aggregate.
aggregate-update Update the aggregate's name and optionally availability zone.
boot Boot a new server.
cloudpipe-create Create a cloudpipe instance for the given project
cloudpipe-list Print a list of all cloudpipe instances.
cloudpipe-update Update a cloudpipe instance
console-log Get console log output of a server.
credentials Show user credentials returned from auth
delete Immediately shut down and delete a server.
diagnostics Retrieve server diagnostics.
dns-create Create a DNS entry for domain, name and ip.
dns-create-private-domain Create the specified DNS domain.
dns-create-public-domain Create the specified DNS domain.
dns-delete Delete the specified DNS entry.
dns-delete-domain Delete the specified DNS domain.
dns-domains Print a list of available dns domains.
dns-list List current DNS entries for domain and ip or domain and name.
endpoints Discover endpoints that get returned from the authenticate services
fixed-ip-get Show information for a fixed IP
fixed-ip-reserve Reserve a fixed IP
fixed-ip-unreserve Unreserve fixed IP
flavor-create Create a new flavor
flavor-delete Delete a specific flavor
flavor-key Set or unset extra_spec for a flavor.
flavor-list Print a list of available 'flavors' (sizes of servers).
flavor-show Show details about the given flavor.
floating-ip-create Allocate a floating IP for the current tenant.
floating-ip-delete De-allocate a floating IP.
floating-ip-list List floating ips for this tenant.
floating-ip-pool-list List all floating ip pools.
get-vnc-console Get a vnc console to a server.
host-action Perform a power action on a host.
host-describe Describe a specific host
host-list List all hosts by service
host-update Update host settings.
hypervisor-list List hypervisors.
hypervisor-servers List instances belonging to specific hypervisors.
hypervisor-show Display the details of the specified hypervisor.
hypervisor-stats Get hypervisor statistics over all compute nodes.[cpu,mem]
hypervisor-uptime Display the uptime of the specified hypervi

sor.
image-create Create a new image by taking a snapshot of a running server.
image-delete Delete an image.
image-list Print a list of available images to boot from.
image-meta Set or Delete metadata on an image.
image-show Show details about the given image.
keypair-add Create a new key pair for use with instances
keypair-delete Delete keypair by its id
keypair-list Print a list of keypairs for a user
list List active servers.
list-extensions List available extensions
live-migration Migrates a running instance to a new machine.
lock Lock a server.
meta Set or Delete metadata on a server.

migrate Migrate a server.
network-list Print a list of available networks.
network-show Show details about the given network.
pause Pause a server.
quota-class-show List the quotas for a quota class.
quota-class-update Update the quotas for a quota class.
quota-defaults List the default quotas for a tenant.
quota-show List the quotas for a tenant.
quota-update Update the quotas for a tenant.
rate-limits Print a list of rate limits for a user
reboot Reboot a server.
rebuild Shutdown, re-image, and re-boot a server.
remove-fixed-ip Remove an IP address from a server.
remove-floating-ip Remove a floating IP address from a server.
remove-secgroup Remove a Security Group from a server.
rename Rename a server.
rescue Rescue a server.
reset-state Reset the state of an instance
resize Resize a server.
resize-confirm Confirm a previous resize.
resize-revert Revert a previous resize (and return to the previous
VM).
resume Resume a server.
root-password Change the root password for a server.
secgroup-add-group-rule
Add a source group rule to a security group.
secgroup-add-rule Add a rule to a security group.
secgroup-create Create a security group.
secgroup-delete Delete a security group.
secgroup-delete-group-rule
Delete a source group rule from a security group.
secgroup-delete-rule
Delete a rule from a security group.
secgroup-list List security groups for the current tenant.
secgroup-list-rules
List rules for a security group.
service-list List nova services
show Show details about the given server.
ssh SSH into a server.
start Start a server.
stop Stop a server.
suspend Suspend a server.
unlock Unlock a server.
unpause Unpause a server.
unrescue Unrescue a server

.
usage-list List usage data for all tenants
volume-attach Attach a volume to a server.
volume-create Add a new volume.
volume-delete Remove a volume.
volume-detach Detach a volume from a server.
volume-list List all the volumes.
volume-show Show details about a volume.
volume-snapshot-create Add a new snapshot.
volume-snapshot-delete Remove a snapshot.
volume-snapshot-list List all the snapshots.
volume-snapshot-show Show details about a snapshot.

volume-type-create Create a new volume type.
volume-type-delete Delete a specific flavor.
volume-type-list Print a list of available 'volume types'.
x509-create-cert Create x509 cert for a user in tenant.
x509-get-root-cert Fetches the x509 root cert.
bash-completion Prints all of the commands and options to stdout.

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