III．文化
Different Countries Have Different Kinds of Englishes 一．知识必备：
1.必考词汇：
important adj. 重要的frequently adv. 频繁地official adj. 官方的actually adv. 事实上gradually adv. 逐渐地expression n. 表达fluently ad. 流利地
2.必考短语：
play an important part in play an important part in……在……发挥重要作用at present目前，现在
such as 例如based on……以……为基础
the usage of ……的使用make use of 利用
by elevator 乘电梯instead of 代替，取而代之
3.必认词汇：
England n. 英格兰language n. 语言common adj.普通的African n. 非洲，非洲人adj.非洲的，非洲人的spelling n. 拼写vocabulary n. 词汇foreigner n. 外国人command vt. 命令latter adv. 以后，之后request vt. 请求apartment n. 公寓taxi n.出租车accent n. 口音usage n.使用spread vt.传播native adj. 本族的recognize vt. 辩认出
4.必考句型：
（1）At present,English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries, such as America, Singapore, Malaysia and some African countries.
目前，英语在许多国家被作为官方语言或通用语言频繁地使用，例如美国、新加坡、马来西亚和一些非洲的国家。
(2）All based on British English, the English spoken in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers.
这些国家的英语都以英语为基础，能很好地为以英语为本族语的人所理解。
(3)Because of this fact, you can make use of the differences to tell which country the
foreigners of your block are from.
因为这一情况的存在，你就可以利用这些英语之间的区别说出你们街区的外国人是哪个国家来的了。
(4)But actually, these Englishes have been gradually changing in accents, spellings,
expressions and the usage of vocabulary.
但是实际上，这些英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇的使用方面都在逐渐变化。二．文章必读
Different Countries Have Different Kinds of Englishes
Voyages of people from England play an important part in spreading the English language. At present,English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries, such as America, Singapore, Malaysia and some African countries. All based on British English, the English spoken in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers. But actually, these Englishes have been gradually changing in accents, spellings, expressions and the usage of vocabulary.
Because of this fact, you can make use of the differences to tell which country the foreigners of your block are from. For example, if a boss fluently commands his driver, “Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cab s”, instead of request ing, “Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis”, you can recognize his American identity, while the latter suggests that he is British.
三．难点必释：
（一）.词汇讲解
1. important adj.重要的，作表语，定于语，宾语补足语。（相当于of importance,重要句型为：it is important to do ……）
I t is important to study English well.学好英语是重要的。
2.frequently adv. 频繁地，往往。形容词是frequent，频繁的，时常发生的。
He is angry by its frequent rule changes.他因为时常发生的规则变化生气。
3. actually adv. 事实上，形容词是actual，真实的，实际的，现在的。
What were is actual words?他的原话是什么？
4.gradually adv. 逐渐地，形容词是gradual,逐渐的，逐步的。
Recovery from the disease is very gradual.这种疾病的康复过程缓慢。
5.expression n. 表达，express.有动词表达的意思，也有名词特快列车的意思。express. Your feeling 表达你的情感，Dalian express 大连特快列车
6.official adj. 官方的,正式的，公务的，公职的，The goods ere exported with official connivance.这些商品是在官方的默许下出口的。official 作名词是公务员，行政官员的意思。
7.fluently ad. 流利地，流畅地I can’t speak English fluently .我不能流利地说英语。fluently的形容词是fluent,流利的，流畅的，名词是fluency.流利，流畅。
He speaks English and French with equal fluency.他说英语和法语同样流利。
（二）句型讲解
1. Voyages of people from England play an important part in spreading the English language.英国人的航海在英语的传播中扮演了重要的角色。
play an important part in……在……发挥重要作用，China is playing an play an important part in the world.中国在世界上发挥重要作用。
2. All based on British English, the English spoken in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers.
这些国家的英语都以英语为基础，能很好地为以英语为本族语的人所理解。
based on 以……为基础。The book is based on a novel.
这本书以小说为基础编写的。
be well understood 被很好地理解。understood是understand 的过去式，在这里表被动，表示被理解。（misunderstood是误解的意思）
3. But actually, these Englishes have been gradually changing in accents, spellings,
expressions and the usage of vocabulary.
但是实际上，这些英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇的使用方面都在逐渐变化。
actually 副词，事实上，实际，相当于in fact.
act vt.扮演，actor n.男演员，actress n.女演员，action n.行动，行为take action 采取行动。have been gradually changing正在逐渐改变，在这里是现在完成进行时。
4.At present,English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries, such as America, Singapore, Malaysia and some African countries. 在当前，英语被很多国家用作官方语言和通常语言，例如在美国，新加坡，马来西亚和一些非洲国家。such as 例如，常用于举例子。
I like many fruits,such as apples,bananas,and so on.我喜欢很多水果，例如苹果，橡胶等。
5.“Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cab s”, instead of requesting,.不用请求，直接给我车带些由乘电梯来我公寓。
instead of 代替，取而代之，后跟名词，代词或名词短语。
I will go instead of her.我代替她去。
5.Because of this fact, you can make use of the differences to tell which country the
foreigners of your block are from. 由于这个事实，你可以利用这些区别告诉外国人来自哪个国家哪个街区。make use of 利用……，使用……，后跟名词或名词短语。
make good use of 好好利用……，好好使用……，
Please make good use of your spare time.请好好利用你的闲暇时间。
四．练习必做
1.默写下列单词
（1）_______ 重要的（2）____实际上（3）______目前（4）_____ 表达（5）_____ 口音（6）______词汇（8）_______本族语的（9）_____使用（名词）
2.写出下列单词的意思：
（1）official ______ （2）common______ (3) fluently _____ _(4) command______ (6) spelling_____ (7) identity______ (8) foreigner______ (9) apartment______ 3.改错（下列句子中，每句有1-2处有错，请找出并改正。）
（1）At present,English is frequently speaking as an official or common language in many countries.
（2）But actually, these Englishes have been gradually changed in accents, spellings, expressions and the usage of vocabulary.
（3）Because of this fact, you can make use of the difference to tell which country the foreigners of your block are from.
（4）Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrols for my lorries and taxis.
（5）Voyages of people from England play an important part in spreadding the English language.
4.语法填空
Voyages of people from England play an important part in___1__（spread）the English language. At present,English is frequently___2__( speak) as an official or common language
in many countries, such as America, Singapore, Malaysia and some___3___ (Africa) countries. All based on British English, the English spoken in these countries can be well
___4__(understand )by native English speakers. But actually, these Englishes have been gradually__5__ (change) in accents, spellings, expressions and the___6__ (use )of vocabulary.
Because of this fact, you can make use of the differences to tell which country the foreigners of your block are from. For example, if a boss___7__( fluent) commands his driver, “Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cab s”, instead of request ing, “Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my
___8___(lorry) and taxis”, you can recognize his American identity, while the latter suggests that he is British.
参考答案：
1.默写下列单词
（1）important重要的（2）actually实际上（3）present目前（4）expression表达（名词）（5）accent口音（6）vocabulary词汇（8）native本族语的（9）usage使用（名词）
2.写出下列单词的意思：
（1）official 官方的（2）common普通的 (3) fluently流利地(4) command命令 (6) spelling拼写 (7) identity身份(8) foreigner外国人 (9) apartment公寓
3. 改错（下列句子中，每句有1-2处有错，请找出并改正。）
（1）speaking改为spoken.
(2) changed改为changing.
(3) ) difference改为differences.
(4) petrols改为petrol.
(5) spreadding改为spreading.
4. 语法填空
(1) spreading (2) spoken (3) African (4) understood
(5) changing (6) usage (7) fluently (8) lorries
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Unit1 短语 1.呆在家里stay at home 2.去爬山go to the mountains 3.去夏令营 go to summer camp 4.去度假go on vacation 5.相当多 quite a few 6.玩的高兴 have a good time\ have fun\ enjoy oneself 7.到达 arrive in\ at 8.决定做某事 decide to do sth 9.去沙滩 go to the beach 10.尽力做某事 try to do sth 11.一些特别的东西 something special 12.在过去 in the past 13.享受做某事 enjoy doing sth 14.想要做某事 want to do sthe 15.开始做某事 start to do\ doing sth 16.太多(加可数名词复数)to many 17.太多(加不可数名词)to much 18.太 (形容词、副词)much too 19.因为(加单词、短语)because of 20.在学校旅行中 on the school trip 21.查清楚,弄明白 find out 22.如此…、、以至于 so …、 that 23.告诉某人去做某事 tell sb to do sth 24.保持做某事 keep doing sth 25.跳上跳下 jump up and down
26.20 分钟后 twenty minutes later\ after twenty minutes 27.感觉想要做某事 feeling like doing sth 28.最后5小时 the last five hours 29.给某人买某物 buy sth for sb\ buy sb sth 30.额外两小时、再两小时 another two hours 2d conversation: R: Hi, Helen、 Long time no see、 H: Hi,Rick、 Yes, I was on vacation last month、 R: Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? H: Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family、 R: Wow! Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall? H: Yes, I did、 It was wonderful! We took quite a few photos there、 What about you? Did you do anything special last month? R: Not really、 I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax、 Unit 1 Grammar focus Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City、 Did you go out with anyone? No、 No one was here、 Everyone was on vacation、 Did you buy anything special Yes, I bought something for my father、/ No, I bought nothing、 How was the food? Everything tasted really good、 Did everyone have a good time? Oh, yes、 Everything was excellent、 Unit 2 How often do you exercise? Unit 2重点短语 1.多久一次how often
【晨读英语美文100篇】晨读英语美文中英对照版英语晨读365 116 Virtue 美德 Sweet day,so cool,so calm,so bright! 甜美的白昼，如此凉爽、安宁、明媚！ The bridal of the earth and sky- 天地间完美的匹配----- The dew shall weep thy fall to-night; 今宵的露珠儿将为你的消逝而落泪； For thou must die. 因为你必须离去。 Sweet rose,whose hue angry and brave, 美丽的玫瑰，色泽红润艳丽， Bids the rash gazer wipe his eye, 令匆匆而过的人拭目而视，Thy root is ever in its grave, 你的根永远扎在坟墓里， And thou must die. 而你必须消逝。 Sweet spring,full of sweet days and roses, 美妙的春天，充满了美好的日子和芳香的玫瑰， A box where sweets compacted lie, 如一支芬芳满溢的盒子， My music shows ye have your closes, 我的音乐表明你们也有终止， And all must die, 万物都得消逝。 Only a sweet and virtuous soul, 唯有美好而正直的心灵， Like season'd timber,never gives; 犹如干燥备用的木料，永
不走样； But though the whole world turn to coal, 纵然整个世界变为灰烬， Then chiefly lives. 它依然流光溢彩。 英语晨读365 115 Equipment 装备 Figure it out for yourself, my lad. You have got all that the great have had: two arms, two legs, two hands, two eyes, and a brain to use if you'd be wise. With this equipment they all began, so start for the top and say" I can". Look them over the wise and the great. They take their food from a common plate. With similar knives and forks they use; with similar laces they tie their shoes. The world considers them brave and smart, but you know--- you have got all they had when they made their start. You can triumph and come to skill; you can be great if you only will. You are well equipped for the fight you choose you have arms and legs and brains to use. And people who have risen, great deeds to do started their lives with no more than you. You are the handicap you must face. You are the one who must choose your place. You must say where you want to go, and how much you will study the truth to know. God has equipped you for life, but he lets you decide what you want to be.
星火四级晨读英语美文100篇【励志感悟】第7篇 Excuses Some people go through life standing at the excuse counter. People say they'd like to do this or that,but...then they offer all the excuses in the world why they can't do whatever it is.No matter what the excuses are,the only thing usually limiting them is their own self-perception. If I've learned anyhing,I've learned a person--any person--can do just about anything they set their mind to.The only thing they need is a willingness to work for what you want,patience to learn what you need to know,and just a little bit of belief in yourself,but you only need a seed.Your faith in yourself will grow with you as you move forward. If you self-perception is that you can't accompilsh somthing because you're not smart enough,then take the time to learn what you need to know and your self-perception will change. If your self-perception is that you can't accompilsh something because you never finsh anything you start,then go finsh something and change your self-perception. If your self-perception is that you're too lazy,too bust,too unworthy,too unfocused,too depressed,too dependent on others,the you're right.You are that because you believe that,but you can change that! Life is change,and the past doesn't equal the future.Your today is the result of your past beliefs and actions.Change your beliefs and action and you change your future.If you think you can or you can't,you're right.You are what you think. Think about that the next time you need an excuse. 翻译： 借口 有些人站在“借口”这一柜台后虚度一生。 有人说，自己想做这个，想做那个，但是······于是便给出他们所能找到的各种借口，来解释自己为什么不能去做这些事。无论借口是什么，大概唯一能限制他们行动的只是他们的自我意识。 如果说我学到了什么，那就是我意识到一个人——任何人——都可以做他决定想做的一切。你唯一需要的是：为理想而努力的意志，学习所需知识的耐心和一点点自信。其实最需要的只是自信的一粒小小的种籽。自信会随着你的进步而增强。如果你自以为不够聪明而无法成功，那就花时间去学习你所需要的知识，这样你的自我感觉就会改变。 如果你认为自己太懒惰，太忙碌，太无足轻重，太不专心，太消沉，太依赖别人，太这样太那样而不能成大器，那么你是对的。你相信如此，便会如此。但你能改变一切。 生活无时无刻不在变化，过去不等于将来。你的现在是你过去的信念与行动的结果。改变信念和行动就会改变你的未来。你认为自己能或不能，你都是对的。你就是你所认为的样子。 下次需要找借口时，请好好想想
If you waste today, you will destroy the last page of your life. 如果浪费了今天，你将失去你生命中最后一天。 While there is life there is hope. 一息若存，希望不灭。 I am a slow walker,but I never walk backwards. ( America) 我走得很慢，但是我从来不会后退。（亚伯拉罕.林肯美国） Never underestimate your power to change yourself! 永远不要低估你改变自我的能力！ Nothing is impossible! 没有什么不可能！ Nothing for nothing. 不费力气，一无所得。 The man who has made up his mind to win will never say "impossible ". (Bonaparte Napoleon ,French emperor ) 凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的”。( 法国皇帝拿破仑. B.) I will greet this day with love in my heart. 我要用全身心的爱来迎接今天 Do what you say,say what you do 做你说过的，说你能做的 I can make it through the rain. I can stand up once again on my own. 我可以穿越云雨，也可以东山再起(Mariah Carey-through the rain) All things come to those who wait. 苍天不负有心人 A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。 Never, never, never, never give up (Winston Churchill) 永远不要、不要、不要、不要放弃。（英国首相丘吉尔） A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams. (J. Barrymore) 只要一个人还有追求，他就没有老。直到后悔取代了梦想，一个人才算老。（巴里摩尔）You have to believe in yourself . That's the secret of success.(Charles Chaplin , American actor ) 人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。 (美国演员卓别林. C.) One's real value first lies in to what degree and what sense he set himself.(Einstein Germany) 一个人的真正价值首先决定于他在什么程度上和在什么意义上从自我解放出来。（爱因斯坦德国） One thing I know,that is I know nothing.(Socrates Greek) 我所知道的一件事就是我一无所知。（苏格拉底古希腊） Cease to struggle and you cease to live. -- Thomas Carlyle 生命不止，奋斗不息。 -- 卡莱尔 Victory won't come to me unless I go to it. -- 胜利是不会向我们走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。 -- 穆尔
晨读英语美文100篇 Passage1. Knowledge and Virtue Knowledge is one thing, virtue is another; good sense is not conscience, refinement is not humility, nor is largeness and justness of view faith. Philosophy, however enlightened, however profound, gives no command over the passions, no influential motives, no vivifying principles. Liberal Education makes not the Christian, not the Catholic, but the gentleman. It is well to be a gentleman, it is well to have a cultivated intellect, a delicate taste, a candid, equitable, dispassionate mind, a noble and courteous bearing in the conduct of life—these are the connatural qualities of a large knowledge;they are the objects of a University.I am advocating, I shall illustrate and insist upon them;but still, I repeat, they are no guarantee for sanctity or even for conscientiousness,and they may attach to the man of the world, to the profligate,to the heartless, pleasant, alas, and attractive as he shows when decked out in them.Taken by themselves, they do but seem to be what they are not;they look like virtue at a distance, but they are detected by close observers, and in the long run;and hence it is that they are popularly accused of pretense and hypocrisy,not, I repeat, from
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
英语背诵美文30篇 英文＋翻译 第一篇：Youth 青春 Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple1) knees; it is a matter of will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. Youth means a temperamental2) predominance3) of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting4) our ideals. Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust. Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: So long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite5), so long are you young. When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism6) and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old, even at 20; but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there is hope you may die young at 80. [Annotation:] 1）supple adj. 柔软的 2）temperamental adj. 由气质引起的 3）predominance n. 优势 4) desert vt. 抛弃 5) the Infinite上帝 6) cynicism n. 玩世不恭 青春 青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志、恢弘的想象、炙热的感情；青春是生命的深泉在涌动。
Don't be shy, just try。 英语流利朗读的方法 朗读英语在语音上要注意什么？怎样读才能让听者听得清楚？怎样增进英 语流利感？我们特地将朗读中要注意的几个语音问题简要总结如下： 1. 语调、语气 语调的轻重缓急、跌宕起伏能直接反映说话人所要表达的思想感情。英语的 语调主要是通过句子呈现出来的。说英语不能像汉语那样一个字一个字的来说单词，而是要根据英语单词的音节在句子中来连贯表达。（汉语中一个汉字就是一个音节，英语中一个单词可以有一个、两个甚至多个音节）也就是说它的旋律音调模式是句子结构的一部分，而不是词的结构的一部分，这就是英语语调和汉语语调的主要区别。这就是为什么有的同学每一个单词都发得很标准，可是我们觉得他或她说的英语却不怎么好的原因所在。 在英语中一句话的词汇意义是受语调影响的，英语中常用三种语调：降调、 升调、降升调。同一个句子语调不同传达的意义就不同。比较下列各句： (1)That’s not the one he wants． (2)That’s not the one he wants． (3)That’s not the one he wants． 句(1)降调表示陈述事实；句(2)升调表示寻求信息的疑问；句(3)降升调表 示他想要的还有别的。再如“Be careful”这样一句简单的话，用不同的语调便会使它具有不同的意思。 2. 几个需要练习的音 [e] [?] bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land [i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid [e] [ai] bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide [au] [?:] house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; [au] [Λ] found fond; gown gone; down don [v] [w] vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well [s] [θ] sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math [z] [e] closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes [n] [η] thin thing; sin sing; ban bang; win wing; ran rang 3. 节奏 重视英语的节奏特点，如节奏群,重读音节,弱读式,停顿,失去爆破,连读以及 升降调。若能有针对性的进行练习，对于增进英语流利表达大有益处。 （1）失去爆破。是指两个辅音相邻发出时，前面的辅音如是爆破音会出现吞音的现象，主要有如下三种情况： a.爆破音：/ p, b, t, d, k, g /中任何两个音相邻接时，第一个发不完全爆破音 或失去爆破。Doctor, blackboard, handbag, sit down, next door, a bad cold, a good time, a red tie, good-bye, bad boy。 b.摩擦音: /s, z/, /f, v/, /r/,/h/, 破擦音: 爆破音后如果出现摩擦音或破擦音，第一个爆破音发不完全爆破音，但只 能听到极轻的爆声，主要是听后面的摩擦音或破擦音的声音: absent, box, eighth, picture, subject
星火四级晨读英语美文100篇【励志感悟】第17篇 The Power of Beauty One of the most successful, influential and beloved women in American history, Eleanor Roosevelt once said that she had one regret: she wished she had been prettier. Who hasn’t felt the same way? We are all too aware of our physical imperfections. To overcome them, we spend billions upon billions of dollars every year on cosmetics, diet products, fashion, and plastic surgery. Why do we care so much about how we look? Because it matters. Because beauty is powerful. Because even when we learn to value people mostly for being kind and wise and funny, we are still moved by beauty. No matter how much we argue against it or pretend to be immune, beauty exerts its power over us. There is simply no escape. Aristotle said, “Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction.” It’s not fair, but it’s true. We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others. Attach a photograph of a beautiful author to an essay, and people will think that is more creative and more intelligently written than exactly the same essay accompanied by the photo of a homely author. Our sensitivity to physical beauty is not something we can control at will. We are born with it. Experiments conducted by psychologist Judith J. Langlois showed that even small infants prefer to look at attractive faces. Before they have met a single supermodel, before they have watched a single TV show, before they have opened up a single fashion magazine, they are drawn to the same faces which adults have judged to be attractive. There are more important things in life than beauty. But as Etcoff says, “We have to understand beauty, or we will always be enslaved by it.” If you aim to be wise and kind and funny, it doesn’t mean that you can’t also try your best to look beautiful. There’s no reason to feel guilty about being moved by beauty’s power. It moves us all. 翻译： 美的力量 身为美国史上最成功、最有影响力且最受人喜爱的女性之一的罗斯福夫人曾说她有一个遗憾：她希望自己长得更漂亮。谁没有过同样的想法呢？我们都强烈感觉到自己身体的缺陷。为了克服缺陷，我们每年都要花费几十亿美元--在化妆品、减肥食品、流行时尚与整容手术上。 我们如此这么在意自己的外貌？因为它很重要。因为美的力量很大。因为即使我们学着基本上去看重仁慈、智能、风趣的人，但我们仍会受到美的感动。无论我们多么用力辩驳，或假装对它免疫，美仍然对我们产生影响。根本无法逃避。 亚里斯多德说：“美是比任何介绍信都要有用的推荐函。”这并不公平，但却是事实。我们就是会对美丽的人比较好。把一位美丽作家的照片贴在作品上，读者就会认为这篇文章较有创意，写得更有智能。完全相同的文章配上相貌平凡的作家照片，评价就会较低。 我们对外在美的敏感，不是可以控制自如的。我们天生就这么敏感。心理学家朱迪丝蓝洛斯的实验显示，就连小婴儿也喜欢看漂亮的脸。他们从来没有见过超级名模、没看过电视节目，也没翻开过时尚杂志，却已经受到大人也认为有魅力的脸庞所吸引。 人生中有比美丽更重要的事，但就如艾特考夫所说：“我们必须了解美，否则我们永远都会是它的奴隶。”如果你的目标是要聪明、仁慈又风趣，这并不代表你就不能尽力让自己变得漂亮。被美的力量感动，并不需要有罪恶感，因为所有的人都受它感动。
Situation Comedy A sitcom or situation comedy is a genre of comedy performance originally devised for radio but today typically found on televi sion. Sitcoms usually consist of r ecurring characters in a format in whi ch there are one or more humorous story lines centred on a common environment, such as a family home or workplace.The situation comedy format seems to have originated in the old time radio era of the United States, but today they are produced around the globe. Many cou ntries, such as Britain, have embraced the form and so sitcoms have become among the most popular programmes on the schedule.history,The situation comedy format originated on radio in the 1920s. The first situation comedy is often said to be Sam and Henry which debuted on t he Chicago, Illinois clear-channel station WGN in 1926, and was partially inspired by the notion of bringing the mix of humor and continuity found in comic strips to the young medium of radio. The first network situation comedy was Amos & Andy which debuted on CBS in 1928, and was one of the most popular sitcoms through the 1930s.Situation comedies have been a part of the landscape of broadcast television since its early days. The first was probably Mary Kay and Johnny, a fifteen minute sitcom which debuted on the DuMont Television Network in November of 1947.This type of entertainment seemed to originate in the United States, which continues to be a leading producer of the genre, but soon spread to other natio ns.Characteristics Traditionally, situation comedies were largely self-contained, in that the characters themselves remained largely static and events in the sitcom resolved themselves by the conclusion of the show. One example of this is the animated situation comedy The Simpsons, where the characteristics of animation has rendered the characters unchanging in appearance forever?although the characters in the show ha ve sometimes made knowing references to this. Other sitcoms, though, use greater or lesser elements of ongoing storyli nes: Friends, a hugely popular US sitcom of the 1990s, contains soap opera elements such as regularly resorting to an end-of-season cliffhanger, and has gradually developed the relationships of the characters. Other sitcoms have veered into s ocial commentary. Examples of these are sitcoms by Norman Lear including All in the Family and Maude in the US, and the controversial Till Death Us Do Part in Britain. Most contemporary situation comedies are filmed with a multicamera setup in front of a live audience, then edited and broadcast days or weeks later. This practice has not always been universal, however, especially prior to the 1970s when it became
星火书业晨读英语美文100篇六级前十篇中英翻译版 Passage1. Knowledge and Virtue Knowledge is one thing, virtue is another; good sense is not conscience, refinement is not humility, nor is largeness and justness of view faith. Philosophy, however enlightened, however profound, gives no command over the passions, no influential motives, no vivifying principles. Liberal Education makes not the Christian, not the Catholic, but the gentleman. It is well to be a gentleman, it is well to have a cultivated intellect, a delicate taste, a candid, equitable, dispassionate mind, a noble and courteous bearing in the conduct of life—these are the connatural qualities of a large knowledge;they are the objects of a University.I am advocating, I shall illustrate and insist upon them;but still, I repeat, they are no guarantee for sanctity or even for conscientiousness,and they may attach to the man of the world, to the profligate,to the heartless, pleasant, alas, and attractive as he shows when decked out in them.Taken by themselves, they do but seem to be what they are not;they look like virtue at a distance, but they are detected by close observers, and in the long run;and hence it is that they are popularly accused of pretense and hypocrisy,not, I repeat, from their own fault,but because their professors and their admirers persist in taking them for what they are not,and are officious in arrogating for them a praise to which they have no claim.Quarry the granite rock with razors, or moor the vessel with a thread of silk,then may you hope with such keen and delicate instruments as human knowledgeand human reason to contend against those giants, 知识是一回事，美德是另一回事。好意并非良心，优雅并非谦让，广博与公正的观点也并非信仰。哲学，无论多么富有启迪和深奥莫测，都无法驾驭情感，不具备有影响力的动机，不具有导致生动活泼的原理。文科教育并不造就基督教徒抑或天主教徒，而是造就了绅士。造就一个绅士诚为美事。有教养的才智，优雅的情趣，正直、公正而冷静的头脑，高贵而彬彬有礼的举止--这些是与渊博的学识生来固有的品质, 它也是大学教育的目的。对此我提倡之，并将加以阐释和坚持。然而我要说的是，它们仍然不能确保圣洁，或甚至不能保证诚实。它们可以附庸于世故的俗人，附庸于玩世不恭的浪子。唉，当他们用它伪装起来时，就更增加了他们外表上的冷静、快活和魅力。就其本身而言，它们似乎已远非其本来面目，它们似乎一远看的美德，经久久细察方可探知。因此它们受到广泛的责难，指责其虚饰与伪善。我要强调，这绝非是因为其自身有什么过错，而