广州市2018届高中毕业班综合测试(一)英语(2018广州一模
英语卷)
2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）
英语
2018.3
第I卷
第二部分阆读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
It’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world-but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.
Highly Sensitive
Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron.
For such people, individual or non- competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal.
Type A Personality
Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury.
To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.
Type B Personality
This laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals, especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious
Type B individuals succeed in creative and co-operative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.
Remember, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like.
21. Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?
A. They will feel like they are being evaluated.
B. They don't like socializing with other people.
C. They don't consider themselves to be athletic.
D. They fear they'll be let down by their teammates.
22. Type A personalities can be best described as
A. committed B flexible C independent D. sensitive
23. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To help people understand what personality type they are
B. To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits
C. To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise
D. To describe different types of workouts that are available today
B
At first sight, Alma Deutscher, a twelve-year-old girl from England appears to be like any other typical pre-teen. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as “little Mozart” by the music world
Alma’s operatic take on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song. “I n
my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad --- but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”
The opera was first performed in Vienna, Australia on December 29, 2016, where the then eleven-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and receives enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, once in Australia and the other in China.
While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, “Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on stage.
Alma’s musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18-month-old toddler, she was able to hum a pitch perfect version of the children’s rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
However, Alma’s abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media requested and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed “little Mozart”. This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”.
Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying, “There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself, the twelve-year-old is changing the world of music forever!
24. What do we know about Alma Deutscher?
A. She comes from a famous musical family.
B. She has shown great musical talent from a young age.
C. She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart.
D. She has adapted some famous works of classical music.
25. How did Alma get to be widely known?
A. Through an online video
B. By performing on television
C. By putting on an opera
D. Through her parents’ promotion
26. What is Alma’s attitude towards her success?
A. She is still unsatisfied with her performance.
B. She is uncomfortable with so much pressure.
C. She is modest about her musical achievements
D. She is proud to have become a professional musician.
27. What can we infer about Alma’s parents?
A. They are very well-educated people.
B. They are protective of their daughter.
C. They have pushed Alma to take up music.
D. They have made a good life plan for Alma.
C
The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.
In the 1930s, the British economist(经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigates fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.
Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.
Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than has been seen previously.
But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.
This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.
One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise.
So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears.
28. What is the function of the second paragraph?
A. To explain the importance of developing new technology.
B. To show how technology affected employment in the past.
C. To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.
D. To give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology.
29. How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?
A. Confusing
B. Reliable
C. Stable
D. Variable
30. According to paragraph 7, why does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced?
A. There are more goods for people to choose from.
B. There is more demand for new skills in the economy.
C. Productivity improvements help raise workers’ salaries.
D. Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.
31. What is the author’s opinion about the introduction of new technology?
A. It does not have an effect on most people’s jobs.
B. Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.
C. It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.
D. Its danger to peoples employment possibilities is overstated.
D
Supermarket shelves are filled with plant-based alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nut, and coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability. While the dairy-free(非乳制的) options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making milk-based products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory!
Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming
increa singly annoyed with the lack of cows’ milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped consuming animal products five years earlier due to environmental and animal welfare concerns, the motivation to create a better alternative stemmed from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairy-free cream cheese on his sandwich
The two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided to join forces to create a more realistic alternative to dairy-based products. In their university lab, the pair spent nine months first isolating cow DNA then inserting it into yeast(酵母). This genetic modification enabled the yeast to produce the necessary milk proteins. The final step of the process involved mixing the proteins with some plant nutrients and fats.
The dairy-free milk not only tastes like the real thing but is also healthier, has a longer shelf life and, most important of all, is Earth friendly. According to the company’s website, when compared to conventional milk production, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84%o less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water! Best of all, since it contains real milk proteins, the product behaves like the cow-
produced version, which means vegetarian consumers will no longer have to deal with soggy cheese on their sandwiches and pizzas.
The company plans to bring their creation to market later this year and their first product will most likely be cheese since there are already numerous good cows’ milk alternatives available to consumers.
32. The underlined word "those" in paragraph 1 refers to_______.
A. alternatives
B. people
C. products
D. reasons
33. The company s founders were motivated to make the new product because of_______.
A. their deep concern for the environment
B. their worry that farm animals were poorly treated
C the over-consumption of the dairy-based products
D. the poor taste of dairy-free cheese presently available
34. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A. The dairy-free products cannot be stored for a long time.
B. The new products will taste better than dairy-based ones.
C. Cow farming causes considerable environmental damage.
D. The dairy-free milk will be more expensive th an cow’s milk.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Healthier Cheese
B. New Milk Saves Planet
C. Fresher Milk, Better Future
D. Making Milk without Cows
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. 36 Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they won't be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong. 37
Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic(诊断的)tool.
Ozcan's invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. 38 With Ozcan's mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes.
39 His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.
By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology---mobile phones---Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere. 40
A. Another reason that Ozcan's invention is important is that it is inexpensive.
B. Even though you may only have a simple infection (感染), you might die because of the delay.
C. People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool.
D. Ozcan's simple, cost-effective tool might just save millions of lives around the world.
E. This tool has become much more popular all around the world.
F. You become very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help.
G. As a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly.
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One of' my teammates said it best on our last day of the season: “Guys, you are my family. We are all brothers.” Our tennis team is more than just a group of individual players thrown 41 ; there is a friendship 42 by no other group with which I have been involved. We are 43 , yet connected. We have student-athletes from all four years of high school, from different parts of the city, and from different families and social 44 . Nevertheless, we are all 45 by a shared love of tennis. The tennis team 46 to me because it contains two things that I treasure most: tennis and 47 .
Ever since I was ten years old, the 48 aspect of tennis attracted me to an otherwise physical sport. My first tennis coach always used to say, “Tennis is 10% physical and 90% of mental.”
49 the mental strength to stay 50 and controlled under pressure, skills are 51 . Sometimes I feel like I have two 52 in a match: me against the person on the other side of the net, and me against the person inside my head, telling me to hit a better shot.
However, despite the 53 pressures of tennis, the brotherhood 54 by working together as a team helps spread the _ 55 of the pressure over an entire group. We 56 each other on and off the court. We do this because we have become a/an 57 away from home. I play my best tennis when I have my teams full support, 58 in the knowledge that they are always backing me 59 . I know that each one of us puts everything we have into every 60 whether we are playing or cheering.
41. A. around B. back C. forward
D. together
42. A. earned B. followed C. matched
D. noticed
43. A. courageous B. diverse C. motivated
D. skillful
44. A. activities B. backgrounds C. responsibilities
D services
45. A. disturbed B. sponsored C. trained
D. united
46. A. continues B. returns C. matters
D. occurs
47. A. brotherhood B. childhood C. entertainment
D society
48. A. physical B. environmental C mental
D. technical
49. A. According to B. Beyond C. In spite of
D. Without
50. A. active B. calm C hopeful
D. silent
51. A. contradictory B. difficult C. useless
D powerful
52. A. opponents B. friends C. goals
D. risks
53. A. unavoidable B unreasonable C. unexpected D unwelcome
54. A. allocated B. created C. imagined
D. suspected
55. A. area B. control C. value
D. weight
56. A. support B. fight C. recognize
D. teach
57. A. audience B family C. reason
D. surprise
58. A. anxious B. curious C. sensitive
D. secure
59. A. enthusiastically B. differently C gradually D. intentionally
60. A. dream B. person C match
D. team
第II卷
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节;满分45分)
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than 700 years ago, a 17-year-old Italian youth followed his father and uncle on a journey to the East, dreaming about the mysteries of China. The three set 61 on a path that might have frightened even the most ambitious travellers. The young adventurer was Marco Polo.
Having a talent for languages, Marco Polo learned to speak Mongolian and Chinese. Later under the orders of Kublai Khan, he 62 (travel) far and wide across China. Along the way, he stopped 63 (record) detailed notes about the local customs, geography and values of the people, so as to report back to the Khan.
Marco Polo returned to Venice 24 years later. With 64 (count) treasures brought back from the East, he became 65 wealthy man overnight. 66 he witnessed in China aroused much interest among his countrymen. Marco polo's journey to China and the contents of his 67 (vivid) written book, The Travels of Marco Polo, which 68 (think)to be a fairy tale in Europe at the time, triggered a wave of European interest in the Orient.
Marco Polo’s story is both one about an explorers search for riches and a Westerner 69 (follow ) his dream to reach China. More than 700 years later, China, the once mysterious Oriental nation, is igniting the Chinese dream of many modern Marco Polos, attracted by its rapid 70 (develop )and its growing importance in the world.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The summer job is a tradition among American university students. Long after the end of the school year, students start their summer vacation job search. They send letters to businesses, going to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help. By June the students usually have been found their jobs and then they begin preparing to enter the world of works
Reasons for wanting a summer job differs from student to student. Some work help pay their school expenses, others work to gain experience in their chosen professions: still others work just for the funny of it. Salesmen or waiters are two of the much common jobs that students try to find during the summer months.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华,收到英国朋友Alice的邮件,以下是邮件内容:
请给Alice回一封邮件,内容包括:
1.感谢她的信任；
2.回应她的请求；
3.说明你的理由。
注意
1.词数100左右
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2018 年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）
参考答案
第I 卷
第二部分第一节
21-23: AAB 24-27: BACB 28-31: DCCD 32-35: BDCD
第二节
36-40: FBGAD
第三部分第一节
41-45: DCBBD 46-50: CACDB 51-55: CAABD 56-60: ABDAC
第II 卷
第三部分第二节
61. off/out 62. travelled/traveled 63. to record 64. countless 65. a
66. What 67. vividly 68. was thought 69. following 70. development
第四部分第一节
The summer job is a tradition among American university students. Long after the end of the
before school year, students start their summer vacation job search. They send letters to businesses, going
go to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help. By June the students usually have
their been found their jobs and then they begin preparing to enter the world of works.
work Reasons for wanting a summer job differs from student to student. Some work^ help pay their
differ to school expenses; others work to gain experience in their chosen professions; still others work just
for the funny of it. Salesmen or waiters are two of the much common jobs that students try to find
fun and most during the summer months.
广东省广州市2018届高三第一次模拟考试 理综试题 一、选择题：在下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1.细胞自噬是依赖溶酶体对细胞内受损异常的蛋白质和衰老细胞器进行降解的过程。如果抑制肝癌发展期大鼠的细胞自噬，其肿瘤的体积和数量都比没有抑制细胞自噬的对照组小。下列有关此内容说法错误的是 A.自噬过程依赖于溶酶体内的水解酶 B.细胞自噬有利于维持细胞的稳态平衡 C.肝癌发展期细胞自噬会抑制肿瘤的发生 D.细胞自噬贯穿于正常细胞生长、分化、衰老、凋亡的全过程 2.H+的跨膜运输有的与质子泵（H+的载体蛋白）有关。质子泵分为三种，一种为生成ATP的F—型质子泵，两种为消耗ATP的P—型质子泵和V—型质子泵。下列说法正确的是 A.F-型质子泵为H+逆浓度梯度运输 B.P—型质子泵为H+顺浓度梯度运输 C.类囊体薄膜上的质子泵为V-型 D.线粒体内膜上的质子泵为F-型 3.将叶绿体悬浮液置于适宜光照下，一段时间后发现有氧气放出。下列相关说法正确的是 A.可测定叶绿体悬浮液的净光合速率 B.向悬浮液中滴入少量NaHCO3溶液[H]含量下降 C.突然改用等强度红光照射C3含量上升 D.改变悬浮液中pH对氧气释放无影响 4.一只杂合长翅雄果蝇与一只残翅雎果蝇杂交，产生一只三体长翅雄果蝇，其基因可能为AAa或Aaa，为确定该三体果蝇的基因组成（不考虑基因突变），让其与残翅雌果蝇测交，下列说法正确的是 A.AAa产生的原因只能为父本减数第二次分裂时姐妹染色中单体没有分开 B.Aaa产生的原因只能为母本减数第一次分裂时姐妹染色单体没有分开 C.如果后代表现型比例为长翅：残翅=5: 1则该三体果蝇的基因组成为Aaa D.如果后代表现型比例为长翅：残翅=1：1则该三体果蝇的基因组成为AAa 5.下列关于RNA的叙述错误的是 A.核糖体上可同时出现mRNA、tRNA和rRNA B.化学本质为RNA的酶主要形成于细胞核
广州市2018年高考语文“一模”作文题评析 □胡家俊 一、审题 广州市2018年高考语文“一模”作文题，是一道任务驱动型材料作文。通过文字材料，引出写作要求。 材料包括三个方面的内容。 第一个内容，是南粤中学宣传栏上出现了一组标语，标语是由汉字和表情包构成的。其包含的含意是：这组标语很新颖；同学们很有创意；年轻人喜欢新颖、活泼的宣传方式。 第二个内容，陈述这些标语中的甲骨文表情包的来历。这些甲骨文表情包是由美术学院设计系陈教授和他的团队推出的，表明这些表情包不是恶搞的产品，是经过严肃的程序设计出来的。是结合新技术产生的，是重新对中国古老象形文字的解读而设计的。可以理解为对传统文化的发展。 第三个内容，甲骨文入选联合国教科文组织《世界记忆名录》。表明甲骨文受到世界文化保护方面的重视。甲骨文成为大众与媒体的关注热点。表明甲骨文又引起了大家的关注。某报“时尚”专栏，向社会征稿，展开专题讨论。最后这句话信息比较丰富。报纸向社会征稿展开专题讨论，表明这篇文章的读者对象是开放式的，面向是广大的社会受众。另外。特别要注意的是该报纸是通过“时尚”专栏来展开讨论的。专栏的名称，暗示了专栏讨论的倾向性。 写作要求包括任务指令和一般写作指令另个方面： 首先看写作任务指令：“请写一篇文章向该专栏投稿，表达你的感触与思考”。这个是写作任务的核心。文章的写作目的是就上述材料的内容，给报社“时尚”专栏投稿。这个限定了写作内容和写作目的的范围。“表达你的感触与思考”，“感触”更多的是感情的抒发，是
感性思维的呈现“思考”则是理性思维的呈现。 再看一般写作指令：“要求自选角度，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭；不少于800字”，这些都是常规的高考作文的要求。这样的写作指令，考生是已经非常熟悉的了。 对材料三个内容，我们可以用一句话来概括：就南粤中学出现的由教授团队设计的甲骨文表情包标语，谈自己的感触与思考，向报社“时尚”专栏投稿，展开专题讨论。能够这样整体地理解这道作文题的材料内容，立意就不会有太大的问题了。要防止高分段的考生不能整体理解材料的内容与含意。 那么这道题该如何立意呢？ 可以从正面来立意，例如：传统文化与时代元素结合，展现时尚风采；传统文化需要跟时代结合，发扬光大传统文化；传统文化与时代生活结合，才能够有新的发展；传统的东西也可以很“时尚”；传统文化创新工作很有必要；用新颖时尚的宣传方式对于传统文化的传播更有裨益…… 可以从反面来立意，例如：要保持传统文化的纯粹性；……这个角度立意可写的空间不大，因为材料基本排除了恶搞甲骨文的可能。 二、评价 评价一道高考模拟作文题的好坏，主要从以下几个方面来评价：（1）作文题命题是否规范，合乎作文命题的发展趋势。（2）材料的理解是否有多元理解，可以让考生从多个角度立意切入写作。（3）写作任务是否可以调动起考生写作的积极性，考生有话可写。（4）是否能够体现区分度，拉开不同层次考生的距离。（5）作文题目是否有一定的陌生感。 从这几个评价角度来看，总体来说这道作文题是一道不错的模拟作文题。 （1）作文题命题规范，是典型的任务驱动型材料作文，这是备考的重点，也符合作文命题的趋势。 （2）对材料的多元理解，整体上来说，更偏向正面的立意，“多元”理解上做得还不够。但是因为材料由三个部分来组成，加大了材料阅读理解的难度，一定程度上弥补了多元理解不足的问题。 （3）材料有考生比较喜欢的表情包出现，一定程度上吸引了考生的注意，考生的写作热情容易激发。这些话题内容，考生是熟悉的，是有话可说的。 （4）这道题能够体现出区分度。普通的学生，能够写传统文化与时代的关系，基本上都是可以符合题意的。但是要拿高分，就一定要注重材料的整体性理解。这是一个难点。材料三个内容，各自独立，又互相有联系。从严格要求来说，需要有整体性的理解，才是切合题意的。另外，“时尚”专栏这个“坑”挖得有点隐秘，估计不少考生会忽略这个点，也是造成分数区分的一个地方。 （5）作文的形式是考生熟悉的，材料内容有一定新意，给考生一定的陌生感，但是提
广东省广州市2018届高三毕业班综合测试（一） 语文试题及答案解析 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。 人们在学习中能否掌握正确的阅读方法以获得理想的效果，是一个非常重要的问题。在人生的不同阶段，学习目标不同，采取的阅读模式也不同。大体而言，阅读模式有知识型阅读与研究型阅读两种。研究型阅读主要有以下三种方式： 一是疑问式阅读。在知识型阅读阶段，读者往往将自己所阅读的著作视为权威的看法与正确的结论，很少对它们提出疑问，对经典的作品与权威人士的著作就更是如此。但是在研究型阅读中就大不相同，怀疑是读者面对所有著作应该持有的态度。疑问式的阅读对于研究能力的培养是至关重要的，因为所有的学术研究不外乎发现问题与解决问题，而发现问题又是解决问题的前提，而具有质疑的眼光又是发现问题的前提，可以说提出疑问是所有人在学术上取得进展的基础。提出的疑问如果一时解决不了，最好的做法就是先将它存起来，等遇到坚实的证据时再解决。脑子中有一批问题储存着，这本身就是一笔巨大的学术财富。 二是对比式阅读。在知识型阅读阶段，由于要追求知识的准确性与可靠性，读者就必须精心挑选阅读的对象，并将其作为权威的说法加以记忆，从而构成自己稳定的知识谱系。但是这种阅读习惯也容易形成盲从的缺陷。其实我们认识事物，经常都是在对比中进行的，研究型阅读也是如此。例如对比东晋的郭象、支遁和宋代的林希逸对《庄子·逍遥游》中“逍遥”的解释，我们就会发现支遁的解释比较接近庄子的本意，而郭象与林希逸的解释则深受魏晋玄学与宋代理学的影响。一般说来，在阅读这类经典性古籍时，研究者很少只读一种木子，而是选择几种重要的权威注本，同时进行细读以便进行对比，从而发现问题，提出疑问。 三是联想式阅读。在知识型阅读阶段，由于记忆知识的需要，读者常常将知识归纳成要点，然后努力将其纳入自己的头脑中。至于它们之间究竟有何联系与同异，一般是不在自己的考虑范围之内的，研究型阅读则不然。一个从事古代文学研究的学者读书时不仅会常常想到自己的专业，更重要的是还会常常想到自己目前所研究的对象与问题。经常进行这种联想式的阅读，就会有效地训练自己眼光的敏锐性与思维的鲜活性，从而提高自身的思辨能力。尽管联想式的阅读不太可能彻底改变一个人的先天因素，但人们通过有意识的训练，可以大大提高或最大限度地发挥自我的先天能力。 在人的一生中，知识型阅读与研究型阅读相互互结合，互为补充，人们需要弄清哪些领域需要研究型阅读，哪些领域又需要知识型阅读，并处理好二者之间的关系，这才是至关重要的。 （摘编自左东岭《从知识型阅读到研究型阅读》） 1．下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3分） A．研究型阅读中，发现问题的前提是对阅读对象持怀疑的态度，并具备质疑的眼光。 B．研究者阅读经典性古籍时，选择几种权威注本细读，就可以发现问题，提出疑问。 C．研究型阅读不用归纳知识点，它关注的是知识点之间的联系与异同，目的性较强。 D．知识型阅读与研究型阅读之间是互补的关系，在学习的不同阶段，二者缺一不可。2．下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（3分） A．文章以引导人们掌握正确的阅读方法作为出发点，论述了不同阅读阶段的特点。 B．文章主要运用了对比的论证方法，突出了研究型阅读在学术研究中的重要作用。 C．文章以郭象等人对“逍遥”的解释为例，旨在证明学术观点易受时代思潮影响。
2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 语文 本试卷10页，22小题，满分150分。考试用时150分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。 人们在学习中能否掌握正确的阅读方法以获得理想的效果，是一个非常重要的问题。在人生的不同阶段，学习目标不同，采取的阅读模式也不同。大体而言，阅读模式有知识型阅读与研究型阅读两种。研究型阅读主要有以下三种方式： 一是疑问式阅读。在知识型阅读阶段，读者往往将自己所阅读的著作视为权威的看法与正确的结论，很少对它们提出疑问，对经典的作品与权威人士的著作就更是如此。但是在研究型阅读中就大不相同，怀疑是读者面对所有著作应该持有的态度。疑问式的阅读对于研究能力的培养是至关重要的，因为所有的学术研究不外乎发现问题与解决问题，而发现问题又是解决问题的前提，而具有质疑的眼光又是发现问题的前提，可以说提出疑问是所有人在学术上取得进展的基础。提出的疑问如果一时解决不了，最好的做法就是先将它存起来，等遇到坚实的证据时再解决。脑子中有一批问题储存着，这本身就是一笔巨大的学术财富。。 二是对比式阅读。在知识型阅读阶段，由于要追求知识的准确性与可靠性，读者就必须精心挑选阅读的对象，并将其作为权威的说法加以记忆，从而构成自己稳定的知识谱系。但是这
广州市2018届普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 理科综合生物部分 1．下列关于细胞结构与成分的叙述，正确的是 A．细胞间的通讯都与细胞膜表面的糖蛋白有关 B．核糖体是细胞内蛋白质的“装配机器”，主要由蛋白质和tRNA组成 C．细胞核是遗传信息库，遗传信息的表达在细胞核中完成 D．细胞骨架是由蛋白质纤维组成的网架结构，能保持细胞形态 2．下列有关细胞生命历程的叙述，错误的是 A．细胞分裂能力随分化程度的提高而增强 B．癌变细胞的形态结构会发生显著变化 C．细胞凋亡有助于机体维持自身的相对稳定 D．衰老的细胞，细胞新陈代谢的速率减慢 3．下列与神经调节有关的叙述，正确的是 A．人体细胞中只有神经元能产生兴奋，其他细胞不能 B．细胞膜外Na+的内流是神经元产生静息电位的主要原因 C．神经递质通过主动运输的方式由突触前膜分泌到突触间隙 D．位于脊髓的低级中枢可受脑中相应的高级中枢调控 4．河北塞罕坝林场的建设者们在“黄沙遮天日，飞鸟无栖树”的荒漠沙地上艰苦奋斗、甘于奉献，创造了荒漠变林海的人间奇迹，是推动生态文明建设的一个生动范例。下列有关叙述错误的是A．在一定条件下，群落可按照不同于自然演替的方向和速度进行演替 B．荒漠生态系统的组成成分是生产者、消费者和分解者 C．最初阶段，随着森林覆盖率上升塞罕坝林场固定的太阳能逐渐增加 D．森林对水土的保持作用体现了生物多样性的间接价值 5．下列关于科学研究技术和方法的叙述，错误的是 A．分离真核细胞各种细胞器的常用方法是差速离心法 B．同位素标记法可用于了解生物化学反应的详细过程 C．沃森和克里克制作的DNA模型反映了DNA分子结构的特征 D．目测估计法是估算种群密度最常用的方法之一 6．下图示某动物体内的两个细胞，乙细胞由甲细胞分裂形成。以下分 析错误的是 A．乙细胞处于减数第二次分裂后期 B．乙细胞的形成过程受性激素调节 C．形成乙细胞的过程中一定发生了基因突变 D．与乙同时形成的另一细胞的基因型可能是AaB或aaB或AAB 29．（8分）为研究大豆种子在黑暗条件下萌发和生长过程中总糖和蛋白质的相互关系，研究人员进行了相关实验，请回答： （1）研究人员首先进行了大豆种子在黑暗条件下萌发和生长过程中蛋白质含量变化的预实验。请完善实验原理、实验步骤。
秘密★启用前试卷类型：A 2019年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一) 语文 2019.3本试卷共10页，22小题，满分150分。考试用时150分钟。 注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.用2B铅笔将考生号及试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。作答选择题时， 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目 指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案； 不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、现代文阅读(36分) (一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分) 阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
中国绘画传统这一体系，以笔墨为其最核心的成就。中国绘画传统有别于西方美术传统，笔墨就是最大的结构性差异所在，这也是整个东方视觉艺术传统最有价值的地方。对笔墨的分析与理解，重在把笔墨典范视作人格理想的表征系统。 所谓“笔墨典范”，强调的是历史上的大家作品所具有的典范性。在这里，笔墨绝不仅仅是用笔和墨在宣纸上画出笔道，渗化墨象，而是比这种工具材料组合运用复杂得多的文化表征系统。它在结构上具有一个表层、一个里层和一个核心。表层是“可视之迹”，也就是中国画的画面痕迹；里层是“可感之心”，也就是通过画面痕迹可以感受到的画家的情绪、状态和心境；核心则是“可信之道”，指向痕迹、心境之后的人格理想，是隐藏在表层、里层之下的理想性的人生。 中国传统文化中的人格理想是在历史演进中形成的，历代文人学士、士大夫的精神理想，这一精神理想具有群体性，不是一人、一时、一地的观念与情绪，而是代代积累的公认方向与共同诉求。中国士人画的最高境界是借山川自然之形，运用笔墨语言来书写自己，图绘自己，尤其写出自己对天地万物的体悟，以此塑造、更新自己。而这个“自己”，一定是走在追慕典范人格理想的自修之路上，是希贤希圣、法道法自然的践行者，因而不可能局限于小我。这样的人、这样的作品，才真正具有典范意义。 这种人格理想的表征系统通过动作性的心理同构把表层、里层和核心相互关联起来，这一心理运作机制是一种想象中的内摹仿。中国古人习书有“力透纸背”之说，这当然不仅是字面说的笔锋穿透纸面，更是以这种笔力贯注的意象来比喻难以传达的内心感受，这是一种带有动作性的肌体感受。以内摹仿作为生命修炼的有效手段与操作过程，可以更好地体会、领悟理想人格的深度与广度，同时也就有助于自身人格的丰富与完善。在此意义
2018年广州一模 1．下列关于细胞结构与成分的叙述，正确的是 A．细胞间的通讯都与细胞膜表面的糖蛋白有关 B．核糖体是细胞内蛋白质的“装配机器”，主要由蛋白质和tRNA组成 C．细胞核是遗传信息库，遗传信息的表达在细胞核中完成 D．细胞骨架是由蛋白质纤维组成的网架结构，能保持细胞形态 2．下列有关细胞的生命历程的叙述，错误的是 A．细胞分裂能力随分化程度的提高而增强 B．癌变细胞的形态结构会发生显著变化 C．细胞凋亡有助于机体维持自身的相对稳定 D．衰老的细胞，细胞新陈代谢的速率减慢 3．下列与神经调节有关的叙述，正确的是 A．人体细胞中只有神经元能产生兴奋，其他细胞不能 B．细胞膜外Na＋的内流是神经元产生静息电位的主要原因 C．神经递质通过主动运输的方式由突触前膜分泌到突触间隙 D．位于脊髓的低级中枢可受脑中相应的高级中枢调控 4．河北塞罕坝林场的建设者们在“黄沙遮天日，飞鸟无栖树”的荒漠沙地上艰苦奋斗、甘于奉献，创造了荒漠变林海的人间奇迹，是推动生态文明建设的一个生动范例，下列有关叙述错误的是 A．在一定条件下，群落可按照不同于自然演替的方向和速度进行演替 B．荒漠生态系统的组成成分是生产者、消费者和分解者 C．最初阶段，随着森林覆盖率上升塞罕坝林场固定的太阳能逐渐增加 D．森林对水土的保持作用体现了生物多样性的间接价值 5．下列关于科学研究技术和方法的叙述，错误是 A．分离真核细胞各种细胞器的常用方法是差速离心法 B．同位素标记法可用于了解生物化学反应的详细过程 C．沃森和克里制作的DNA模型反映了DNA分子结构的特征 D．目测估计法是估算种群密度最常用的方法之一 6．右图示某动物体内的两个细胞，乙细胞由甲细胞分裂形成。 以下分析错误的是
秘密 ★ 启用前 试卷类型： A 2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 理科数学 2018．3 本试卷共5页，23小题， 满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，用2B 铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号，并将试卷类型（A ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项 是符合题目要求的． 1．设复数z 满足()2 1i 4i z -=，则复数z 的共轭复数z = A ．2- B ．2 C ．2i - D ．2i 2．设集合301x A x x ?+? =
2018年天河区初中毕业班八校联考 英语试卷 注意事项： 1．考试时间为120分钟，全卷满分为110分。 2. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 3．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。 4．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语法选择（共15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分15 分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15 各题所给的A、B、C 和D 项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Christmas is coming! I’ve been busy filming on Corrie, 1 I haven’t h ad a chance to get in the festival spirit——we don’t even have our tree up yet! Things have been so crazy that I wasn’t able to make it along to Polly’s school concert this week. 2 , Emilie and Polly’s dad were 3 able to go along and support her and take a picture, but I was sad to have missed out. All these things have meant that I’ve not even had time to start 4 Christmas shopping, so I’m going to set aside some time next week to hit the toy shops. It’s easy 5 a gift for Polly because she’s an 6 girl who loves things like dolls and prams, but choosing gifts for the elder kids is much 7 . The only gift 8 Emilie wants is a little dog, but I’m not sure9 I’m going to get her one yet. I don’t think she realize what a big respo nsibility it is——there 10 no time to visit her friends at weekends if she has a dog to look after. 11 the evening of December 20, I 12 to take part in a charity event for Cardiac Risk in The Young to raise some money to put scanners into schools so that teenagers can be tested for potential heart problems. It’s a cause very close to my heart because my best friends Stephen 13 of a heart attack a few years ago. The night was a lot of fun and I even took a picture with the Naked Butler Boys, who were there during the reception. I sent 14 picture to my good friends. After 15 it , they were all very jealous! 1. A. and B. so C. or D. but 2. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckily D. Luckiness 3. A. either B. neither C. all D. both 4. A. I B. me C. my D. myself 5. A. buys B. buying C. buy D. to buy
秘密★启用前 试卷类型： A 2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 文科数学 2018．3 本试卷共5页，23小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，用2B 铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号，并将试卷类型（A ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项 是符合题目要求的． 1．设复数z 满足()2 i =1i z -，则复数z 的共轭复数z = A ．2- B ．2 C ．2i - D ．2i 2．设集合{}=0,1,2,3,4,5,6A ，{}=2,B x x n n A =∈，则A B =I A ．{} 0,2,4 B ．{} 2,4,6 C ．{} 0,2,4,6 D ．{}0,2,4,6,8,10,12 3．已知向量()2,2OA =uu r ，()5,3OB =uu u r ，则OA AB =-uuu r uuu r A ．10 B C D ．2 4．等差数列{}n a 的各项均不为零，其前n 项和为n S ，若 212n n n a a a ++=+，则21=n S + A ．42n + B ．4n C ．21n + D ．2n 5．执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出的S = A ．920 B ．4 9 C ． 29 D ． 9 40 6．在四面体ABCD 中，E F ，分别为AD BC ，的中点，AB CD =， AB CD ^，则异面直线EF 与AB 所成角的大小为 A ．π6 B ．π4 C ．π3 D ． π 2
秘密★启用前试卷类型：A 2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 语文 2018.3 本试卷10页，22小题，满分150分。考试用时150分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。更多学习资料尽在：MyLuckyBooK 人们在学习中能否掌握正确的阅读方法以获得理想的效果，是一个非常重要的问题。在人生的不同阶段，学习目标不同，采取的阅读模式也不同。大体而言，阅读模式有知识型阅读与研究型阅读两种。研究型阅读主要有以下三种方式： 一是疑问式阅读。在知识型阅读阶段，读者往往将自己所阅读的著作视为权威的看法与正确的结论，很少对它们提出疑问，对经典的作品与权威人士的著作就更是如此。但是在研究型阅读中就大不相同，怀疑是读者面对所有著作应该持有的态度。疑问式的阅读对于研究能力的培养是至关重要的，因为所有的学术研究不外乎发现问题与解决问题，而发现问题又是解决问题的前提，而具有质疑的眼光又是发现问题的前提，可以说提出疑问是所有人在学术上取得进展的基础。提出的疑问如果一时解决不了，最好的做法就是先将它存起来，等遇到坚实的证据时再解决。脑子中有一批问题储存着，这本身就是一笔巨大的学术财富。 二是对比式阅读。在知识型阅读阶段，由于要追求知识的准确性与可靠性，读者就必须精心挑选阅读的对象，并将其作为权威的说法加以记忆，从而构成自己稳定的知识谱系。但是这种阅读习惯也容易形成盲从的缺陷。其实我们认识事物，经常都是在对比中进行的，研究型阅读也是如此。例如对比东晋的郭象、支遁和宋代的林希逸对《庄子·逍遥游》中“逍遥”的解释，我们就会发现支遁的解释比较接近庄子的本意，而郭象与林希逸的解释则深受魏晋玄学与宋代理学的影响。一般说来，在阅读这类经典性古籍时，研究者很少只读一种本子，而是选择几种重要的权威注本，同时进行细读以便进行对比，从而发现问题，提出疑问。
是 否 开始 结束 输出S 19?n ≥ 2,0n S == 2n n =+ () 1 + 2S S n n =+ 2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 数 学(文科) 一、 选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中， 只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1、设复数z 满足 () 2 i =1i z -，则复数z 的共轭复数z =（ ） A ．2- B ．2 C ．2i - D ．2i 2、设集合 {} =0,1,2,3,4,5,6A ， {} =2,B x x n n A =∈，则A B =（ ） A ．{}0,2,4 B ．{ }2,4,6 C ．{}0,2,4,6 D ．{}0,2,4,6,8,10,12 3、已知向量)2,2(OA =→ ，)3,5(OB =→，则|OA |→→-AB =（ ） A ．10 B 10 C 2 D ．2 4、等差数列{}n a 的各项均不为零，其前n 项和为n S ， 若2 12n n n a a a ++=+，则21=n S +（ ） A ．42n + B ．4n C ．21n + D ．2n 5、执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出的S =（ ） A ．920 B ．49 C ．29 D ．9 40 6、在四面体ABCD 中，E F ，分别为AD BC ，的中点，AB CD =， CD AB ⊥，则异面直线EF 与AB 所成角的大小为（ ） A ．π6 B ．π4 C ．π3 D ．π2 7、已知某个函数的部分图象如图所示，则这个函数的解析式可能是（ ） A ．ln y x x = B ．ln 1 y x x x =-+ C ． 1 ln 1 y x x =+- D ． ln 1x y x x =- +- 8、椭圆22 194x y +=上一动点P 到定点()1,0M 的距离的最小值为（ ） A ．2 B ．455 C ．1 D ．25
2018届广州市零模高三年级调研测试文综地理
广东省广州市2018届高三年级调研测试 文综地理试题 长期以来加拿大在吸引汽车投资方面一直落后于美国。而在2017年11月，继在美国加利福尼亚州投资兴建电动客车厂后，中国汽车企业比亚迪公司宣布，计划在加拿大汽车工业基地安大略省（位置如下图所示）新建电动卡车厂，技术和零配件均来自中国国内。据此完成1～3题。 1．与美国相比，加拿大吸引比亚迪公司投资建厂的最主要区位优势是 A．税收政策优惠大 B．劳动力充足廉价 C．产业协作条件好 D．当地人购买力强 2．新厂在加拿大首选落户安大略省，是因为该省
C．由亚热带移向暖温带 D．由半干旱区移向半湿润区 5．造成我国粮食生产集中度变化的最主要原因是A．全球气候变化 B．区域经济发展差异 C．农业技术进步 D．交通运输网络发展 6．我国粮食生产集中度的变化 A．提高了农业机械化水平 B．更有利于水热资源的高效利用 C．减轻了交通运输的压力 D．增加了台风、洪涝的灾害风险 新疆维吾尔自治区海拔1200米的盘吉尔塔格山岩体多为火山岩，岩石中含丰富的碳酸钙，形成独特的火成岩石林景观（如下图所示）。据此完成7～8题。
7．该地岩石主要由 A．流水携带泥沙固结形成 B．岩浆上升冷却凝固形成 C．大规模的海陆变迁形成 D．干旱区风化物沉积形成 8．形成该石林景观的主要外力作用是 A．物理风化和风力堆积 B．冰川侵蚀和风力侵蚀 C．风力侵蚀和流水侵蚀 D．流水侵蚀和风力堆积 近50年来黑龙江省土地利用空间分布发生 了显著变化，东部、北部的沼泽分别逐渐被耕地、林地取代。土地利用的变化导致气温也发生了变化。研究发现，气温变化与地面反射率有关，各土地利用类型的年均地面反射率：林地＜沼泽＜水域＜草地＜耕地＜建设用地，同类土地的地面反射率冬季最高。据此完成9～11题。 9．该省东部、北部气温的变化趋势分别是 A．上升、上升 B．上升、下降 C．下降、上升 D．下降、下降 10．造成地面反射率冬季最高的直接因素是A．地温 B．积雪 C．植
绝密 ★ 启用前 试卷类型： A 2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 理科数学 2018．3 本试卷共5页，23小题， 满分150分.考试用时120分钟. 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，用2B 铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号，并将试卷类型（A ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上. 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案.答案不能答在试卷上. 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答无效. 4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁.考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回. 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项 是符合题目要求的． 1．设复数z 满足()2 1i 4i z -=，则复数z 的共轭复数z = A ．2- B ．2 C ．2i - D ．2i 2．设集合301x A x x ?+? =
秘密★启用前试卷类型: A 2018年广州市普通高中业班综合测试（一） 英语 2018.3 本试卷10页,满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和和第卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号信息点，修改时须用橡皮擦干净。因笔试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始,试题题序号从“21”开始。 2.作答第I卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3.第卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并并交回。 第I卷 第二部分阆读理解(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A It’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world-but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you. Highly Sensitive Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron. For such people, individual or non- competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal. Type A Personality Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury. To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.
2018一模尺规作图汇编 例题分析 作一个角等于已知角 例题1、（18番禺）如图，四边形ABCD是平行四边形，把△ABD沿对角线BD翻折180°得到△A′BD．（1）利用尺规作出△A′BD．（要求保留作图痕迹，不写作法）； （2）设DA′与BC交于点E，求证：△BA′E≌△DCE． 作角平分线 作垂直平分线 例题3、（18四中、聚贤）如图，AC是平行四边形ABCD的对角线． （1）利用尺规作出AC的垂直平分线（要求保留作图痕迹，不写作法）； （2）设AC的垂直平分线分别与AB，AC，CD交于点E，O，F，求证：以A，E，C，F为顶点的四边形为菱形．
例题4、（18一中）如图，在单位长度为1的正方形网格中，一段圆弧经过网格的交点A ，B ，C ． （1）请完成如下操作：①以点O 为原点、竖直和水平方向所在的直线为坐标轴、网格边长为单位长，建立平面直角坐标系； ②用直尺和圆规画出该圆弧所在圆的圆心D 的位置（不用写作法，保留作图痕迹），并连接AD ，CD ． （2）请在（1）的基础上，完成下列问题： ①写出点的坐标：C _______，D _______； ②⊙D 的半径＝________（结果保留根号）； ③若点E （7，0），试判断直线EC 与⊙D 的位置关系，并说明你的理由． 例题5、（18省实、培正、广州中学）如图，等腰三角形ABC 中，AC ＝BC ＝10，AB ＝12. （1）动手操作：利用尺规作以BC 为直径的⊙O ，⊙O 交AB 于点D ，⊙O 交AC 于点E ，并且过点D 作DF ⊥AC 交AC 于点F ． （2）求证：直线DF 是⊙O 的切线； （3）连接DE ，记△ADE 的面积为S 1，四边形DECB 的面积为S 2，求S 1S 2 的值．
2018年广州市高考模拟测试（一）理综化学 参考答案 7 A 8 B 9 D 10 D 11 C 12 B 13 C 26.（15分） （1）分液漏斗（2分） （2）（共10分） （3）%1003760.2294 0.1??? （2分） 低（1分） 27. （14分） （1）阳 （1分） ClO 3?+H 2O - 2e ? ＝ ClO 4?+2H +（2分） （2）① 2NaClO 3+ 2HCl + H 2O 2＝2ClO 2↑ + 2NaCl + 2H 2O + O 2↑（2分） 6Fe 2++ ClO 3?+3H 2O+ 12NH 3·H 2O ＝6Fe(OH)3↓+Cl ?+12NH 4+（2分） Fe 3O 4（1分） ②＞（2分） ③操作步骤简单（或过量的H 2O 2易除去等合理答案）（1分） （3）浓盐酸和液氨的反应为放热反应（1分） （4）NaCl （2分） （2）①BC （2分） ②反应未达到平衡状态，温度升高，反应速率加快（2分） （3）①BH 4－ +H ++3H 2O ＝H 3BO 3+4H 2↑（2分） <（2分） ②（2分）
35. （14分） （1）C 3N 4（1分） 两者同属原子晶体，C 的原子半径小于Si ，与Si —N 相比，C —N 的键长短、键能大（2分） （2） C 6N 8（1分）； sp 2、sp 3 （2分） （3） ① （1分）； 配位键（1分）；N 有孤对电子，Co 2+有空轨道 （2分） ② 6 （1分）1分） （4）4（1分）；4（1分）； %1003) r r (1633Si 3c ?+a π（1分） 36.（15分） （1）羟基（2分） C 17H 14O 4（2分） （2）取代反应（1分） 加成反应或还原反应（1分） （3）（2分） （4）（2分） （5）（2分）（任写一种） （6）（3分） 或