1996-2006考研英语一阅读真题 (11)

96年英语一考研真题1996年的英语一考研真题是一道经典的题目，其考查的是考生在英语语言运用方面的能力。

本文将对这道题目进行详细解析，帮助考生更好地理解和掌握。

首先，我们来看一下这道真题的全文内容：Passage OneQuestions 1-5Astronomers believe that the universe (宇宙) began with a "big bang" about 15,000 million years ago. At first there were no stars or galaxies, only an extremely hot and dense (密度很大的) mixture of particles. Eventually (最终), this infrared mixture expanded (膨胀) and cooled, and particles joined together to form atoms. Later atoms joined together to form clouds and the clouds began to draw together because of their gravity (引力). One of these clouds is believed to have formed the Sun and the Solar System. The rest of the cloud formed a flat rotating disk of gas and dust around the Sun. Within this disk, the larger particles began to move towards each other and to form planets. The process by which this happened is called accretion (并聚).Scientists have at least two main reasons to study why and how the planets formed. One reason is that by studying the natural world we can learn something about the past history of the Earth and the way in which it was formed. A second reason is that we can learn about the possibilities for planets to support life. If we can understand how our own Solar System wasformed, we shall be able to understand the conditions necessary for the formation of other planetary systems (行星系).Planets are believed to have formed from the flat disk around the Sun, but not to have developed at the same time. The terrestrial (陆地的) planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars—are small and dense and apparently "rocky" in composition. The other two planets—Jupiter and Saturn—are much larger in size, and they, as well as Uranus and Neptune, are gaseous (气体的).1. When the universe began2. Movement of atoms3. Cloud collapse4. Studies of planet formation5. Composition of planetsPassage TwoQuestions 6-10Anthropology is a broad discipline that involves the study of human beings, past, present, and future. The goal of anthropological study is to understand how and why humans vary in their behaviors, cultures, and biology. It is said that "to think anthropologically is to see the world through a different lens". Anthropologists, like cultural biologists, do not simply observe or explain human beings and their behaviors. Instead, anthropologists try to provide a deep understanding of what it means to be human, what people do, and why they do it.The two major subfields in anthropology are cultural anthropology and physical anthropology. Cultural anthropologists study the cultural aspects of human society, (including beliefs, traditions, customs, and norms) and how these aspects vary across time and space. For example, a cultural anthropologist might seek to understand why people in a particular society are vegetarian or why they hold certain religious beliefs.Physical anthropologists study the biological aspects of human beings, extinct (灭亡的) species, and primates (灵长类). Their primary goal is to understand human evolution and the variation among different human populations.6. Definition of anthropology7. Goal of anthropological study8. The two major subfields in anthropology9. A topic studied by cultural anthropologists10. The primary goal of physical anthropologists根据题干的描述，这篇文章主要包含了两段文字，分别是Passage One 和Passage Two。

1996年考研英语真题超详解 1996年年全真试题PartⅠClozeTestDirections：Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorresponding letterinthebrackets.(10points)Vitaminsareorganiccompounds necessary insmallamountsinthedietforthenormalgrowthandmaintenance oflifeofanimals,including man.Theydonotprovideenergy,1dotheyconstructorbuildanypartofthebody.Theyareneededfor2foodsintoenergyandbodymaintenance. Therearethirteenormoreofthem,andif3ismissingadeficiencydiseasebecomes4.Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements―usuallyhydrogen,oxygen,and5nitrogen.Theyaredifferent6theirelementsarearrangeddifferently, andeachvitamin7oneormorespecificfunctionsinthe8enoughvitaminsisessential tolife,althoughthebodyhasnonutritional usefor9vitamins. Manypeople,10,believeinbeingonthe“safeside”andthustakeextravitamins.However,awell��balanced dietwillusuallymeetallthebody’svitaminneeds.1.［A］either［B］so［C］nor［D］never2.［A］shifting［B］transferring［C］altering［D］transforming 3.［A］any［B］some［C］anything［D］something4.［A］serious［B］apparent［C］severe［D］fatal5.［A］mostly［B］partially［C］sometimes［D］rarely6.［A］inthat［B］sothat［C］suchthat［D］exceptthat7.［A］undertakes［B］holds［C］plays［D］performs8.［A］Supplying［B］Getting［C］Providing［D］Furnishing9.［A］exceptional［B］exceeding［C］excess［D］external10.［A］nevertheless［B］therefore［C］moreover［D］meanwhilePartⅡReadingComprehensionDirections:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedsomequestions. Foreachquestions therearefouranswersmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassages carefully andchoosethebestanswereachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorresponding letterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)Passage1Tight��lipped eldersusedtosay,“It’snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget.”Psychologyteachesthatyoudowhatyouwantifyouknowwhatyouwantandwanttherightthings. Youcanmakeamentalblueprint ofadesireaswouldmakeablueprint ofahouse,andeachofusiscontinually makingtheseblueprints inthegeneralroutineofeverydayliving.Ifintend tohavefriends todinner, weplanthemenu,makeashopping list,decide whichfoodtocookfirst, andsuchplanning isessential foranytypeofmealtobeserved. Likewise, ifyouwanttofindajob,takeasheetofpaper,andwritebriefaccount ofyourself. Inmakingablueprint forajob,beginwithyourself, forwhenyouknowexactly whatyouhavetooffer,canintelligently planwheretosellyourservices.Thisaccountofyourselfisactuallyasketchofyourworkinglifeandshouldincludeeducation,experience andreferences. Suchanaccountisvaluable. Itcanbereferredtoinfillingoutstandardapplication blanksandisextremely helpfulinpersonalinterviews.Whiletalkingtoyou,yourcouldbeemployerisdecidingwhetheryoureducation,yourexperience,andotherqualifications willpayhimtoemployyouyour“wares” andabilities mustbedisplayed inanorderlyandreasonably connected manner.Whenyouhavecarefully prepared ablueprint ofyourabilitiesdesires,youhavesomething tangibletosell.Thenyouarereadytohuntforajob.Getallthepossibleinformation aboutyourcouldjob.Makeinquiries astothedetails regarding thejobandthefirm.Keepyoureyesandearsopen,anduseyourownjudgment.acertainamountoftimeeachdayseekingtheemployment youwishfor,andkeepinmind:Securing ajobisyourjobnow.Whatdotheeldersmeanwhentheysay,“It’s notwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget.”?［A］You’ll certainly getyouwant.［B］It’snousedreaming.［C］Youshouldbedissatisfied withwhatyouhave.［D］It’sessentialtosetagoalforyourself.12.Ablueprintmadebeforeinvitingafriendtodinnerisusedinthispassageas?????????.［A］anillustration ofhowtowriteanforajob［B］anindication ofhowtosecureagoodjob［C］aguideline forjobdescription［D］aprinciple forjob13.Accordingtothepassage,onemustwriteanaccountofhimselfbeforestartingtofindajobbecause???????? .［A］thatisthesteptopleasetheemployer［B］thatistherequirement oftheemployer［C］itenableshimtoknowwhentosellhisservicesitforceshimtobecomeclearly awareofhimself 14.Whenyouhavecarefully prepared ablueprint ofyourabilities anddesires, youhavesomething????????.［A］definitetooffer［B］imaginarytoprovide［C］practicaltosupply［D］desirabletopresentPassage2WiththestartofBBCWorldServiceTelevision,millionsofviewersinAsiaandAmericacannowwatchtheCorporation’s newscoverage,aswellaslistentoit.AndofcourseBritainlisteners andviewerscantuneintotwoBBCtelevision channels, fiveBBCnational radioservices anddozensoflocalradiostations. Theybroughtsport,comedy,drama,music,newsandcurrentaffairs,education,religion,parliamentary coverage,children’s programmesandfilmsforanannuallicencefeeof￡83household. Itisaremarkable record,stretching backover70years―yettheBBC’sfutureisnowindoubt.TheCorporation willsurviveapublicly��funded broadcastingorganization,atleastforthetimebeing,butitsrole,itssizeanditsprogrammesarenowthesubjectofanation��wide debateinBritain.ThedebatewaslaunchedbytheGovernment,whichinvitedanyonewithanopinionoftheBBC―includingordinarylistenersandviewers―tosaywhatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporation, andevenwhethertheythoughtitwasworthkeeping.ThereasonforitsinquiryisthattheBBC’sroyalcharterrunsoutin1996anditmustdecidewhethertokeeptheorganization asitis,ortochanges.Defenders oftheCorporation―ofwhomtherearemany―arefondofquotingtheAmericanslogan“Ifitain’tbroke,don’tit.”TheBBC“ain’tbroke”, theysay,bywhichtheymeanitisnotbroken(asdistinct fromtheword‘broke’, meaninghavingnosowhybothertochangeit?YettheBBCwillhavetochange,becausethebroadcasting worldarounditischanging.Thecommercial TV――ITVandChannel4――wererequiredbytheThatcherGovernment’s Broadcasting Acttobecomemorecommercial, competingwitheachotherforadvertisers,cuttingcostsandjobs.Butitisthearrivalofnewsatellitechannels―fundedpartlybyadvertisingandpartlybyviewers’subscriptions―whichbringaboutthebiggestchangesinthelongterm.15.TheworldfamousBBCnowfaces???????? .［A］theproblemofnewscoverage［B］uncertain prospect［C］inquiries bythegeneral public［D］shrinkage ofaudience 16.Inthepassage, whichofthefollowing abouttheBBCismentioned asthekeyissue?［A］Extension ofitsTVservicetoFarEast.［B］Programmes asthesubjectofanation-wide debate.［C］Potentialsforfurtherinternational co-operations.［D］Itsexistenceasabroadcasting organization.17.TheBBC’s“royalcharter”(Line4,Paragraph4)standsfor????????.［A］。

考研英语历年真题1996-2006_毙考题2016年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题(完整版)及参考答案2016年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but alsoa matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice ofa spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto thespouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted threedays, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,9 cottonthreads soakedin holywater aroundthe bride’s andgroom’swrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 withthem up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before hecan remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of [B]on behalf of [C]as well as [D]with regard to 12. [A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on3. [A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone4. [A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example5. [A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless6. [A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through7. [A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so8. [A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union12. [A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for14. [A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18. [A]withdrawn [B]invested [C]donated [D]divided19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears20. [A]so that [B]while [C]once [D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A2Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each textby choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided itsfashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women.Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty shouldnot be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And theban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death—as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hintthat people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep—and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month onrulesand sanctionsregardingtheage, health,andothercharacteristics ofmodels. The newly revised Dan ish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals,3especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of bodyideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21.According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.[B] New runways would be constructed.[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.[D] The fashion industry would decline.22.The phrase “impinging on” (Line 2,Para 2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of.[B] indicating the state of.[C] losing faith in.[D] doing harm to.23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A] The French measures have already failed.[B] New standards are being set in Denmark.[C] Model are no longer under peer pressure.[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for4[A] setting a high age threshold for models.[B] caring too much about models’ character.[C] showing little concern for health factors.[D] pursuing perfect physical conditions.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A] The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry.[B] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.[C] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.[D] A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than inthe country.In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylishhouses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “arefreshingair.”Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnational parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.Atthenext election noneofthebig partiesseem likelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesrural developmentpriorityover conservation,evenauthorizing “off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those 5pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Consecutive parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where peopleare, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the Londonare alone, with no intrusion on green bet. What is true of London is even truer ofthe provinces.Theideathat “housingcrisis”equals “concreted meadows”ispurelobbytalk.The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is nota free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative—the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS.[C] is fully backed by the royal family.[D] is not well reflected in politics.27.According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now be[A] gradually destroyed.[B] effectively reinforced.6[C] largely overshadowed.[D] properly protected.28.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.[D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29.The author holds that George Osborne’s preference[A] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[C] stresses the necessity f easing the housing crisis.[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.30.In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of\[A] the size of population in Britain.[B] the political life in today’s Britain.[C] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[D] the town-and-country planning in Britain.Text 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses,” Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is,to use its resources and engage in activitie s designed to increase its profit”. But even if you accept Firedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste of shareholders’ money, things may not beabsolutely clear-cut. New research suggest7the CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billiona year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps.And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its gooddeeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate themby looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products aspart of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors shouldonly evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR.“We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for briding foreign officials,”says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide theirdo-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with8[A] tolerance[B] skepticism[C] uncertainty[D] approval32.According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A] winning trust from consumers.[B] guarding it against malpractices.[C] protecting it from being defamed.[D] raising the quality of its products.33. The expression “more lenient” (Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to[A] more effective[B] less controversial[C] less severe[D] more lasting34.When prosecutors evaluate a case, a co mpany’s CSR record[A] has an impact on their decision.[B] comes across as reliable evidence.[C] increases the chance of being penalized.[D] constitutes part of the investigation.35.Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?[A] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.9[B] The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.[C] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.Text 4There willeventuallycomea daywhen The New YorkTimes ceases topublish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future，”the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside，there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The inf rastructure required to make a physical newspaper-printingpresses, deliverytrucks—isn’t justexpensive;it’sexcessiveat a time when online-only competitors don’t have the sa me set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their onlineand mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its printedition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times should’t waste time getting out of the print business,but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to acceleratethat transit ion would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it,you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example ofNetflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing s ervice to focus on streaming. “It was seenas a blunder,” he said. The move turne d out to be foresighted. And if Peretti werein charge at the Times? “I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said. “I wouldraise prices and make it into more of a legacy pr oduct.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes,and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,”Per etti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to g enerateadditionalrevenue.”In otherwords,if you’regoingtomakea printproduct,10make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year—more than twice as mush as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due[A] the high cost of operation.[B] the pressure from its investors.[C] the complaints from its readers.[D] the increasing online ad sales.37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should[A] seek new sources of readership.[B] end the print edition for good.[C] aim for efficient management.[D] make strategic adjustments.38.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times.[B] is meant for the most loyal customers.[C] will have the cost of printing reduced.[D] expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that, in a changing world.11[A] legacy businesses are becoming outdated.[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges.[D] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B] Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand[C] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[D] Keep Your Newspapers Forever in FashionPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the A-G for each of the numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Have confidence in yourself[C] Decide if the time is right[D] Understood the context[E] Work with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to12researchfromPrinceton University, peopleassessyourcompetence, trustworthiness, and like ability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era isthat the range of options is so much broader, Norms have evolved and fragmented.In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others notso much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our go als? Here are some tips:41As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions-- when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role,or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change o r just feeling stuckand in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedbackfrom trusted friends, colleagues, and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.42Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have . Are you looking to refreshyour image or pivot it?For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriouslyand enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising,maybe theywant tolookmore “SoHo.”(It’s OKto usecha racterizations like that.)43Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What convey status? Who are your most important audiences? How do thepeople you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.1344Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context.Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew.Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer insteadof your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue . Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothesat once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) Mental health is our birthright. (46)We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cutor mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition of exercise can be weakened, bu t which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the。

考研英语1996阅读真题考研英语1996阅读真题1996年的考研英语阅读真题是一道经典的题目，该题目涉及了环保和可持续发展的话题。

这个题目要求考生阅读一篇关于可持续发展的文章，并回答相关问题。

本文将对这道题目进行分析和讨论。

文章的核心内容是关于可持续发展的重要性和实施可持续发展的策略。

文章首先指出，可持续发展是指满足当前需求的同时，不损害未来世代满足其需求的能力。

这是一个非常重要的概念，因为人类的发展必须考虑到环境的可持续性，以确保我们的子孙后代也能够享受到美好的生活。

文章接着提到，实施可持续发展的策略需要从多个方面入手。

首先是能源的可持续利用。

文章指出，传统的能源消耗模式对环境造成了巨大的破坏，我们需要转向可再生能源的利用，如太阳能和风能。

这样不仅可以减少对环境的污染，还可以保证能源的持续供应。

其次是在农业和食品生产方面实施可持续发展。

文章提到，现代农业生产方式过于依赖化学肥料和农药，给土壤和水源带来了严重的污染。

我们需要采取有机农业的方式，减少对化学物质的依赖，保护土壤的健康和生物多样性。

除此之外，文章还强调了可持续城市发展的重要性。

随着城市化进程的加快，城市面临着严重的环境问题，如空气污染和交通拥堵。

为了实现可持续城市发展，我们需要采取措施减少交通排放，提供更多的绿地和公共空间，改善城市居民的生活质量。

文章最后指出，实施可持续发展需要政府、企业和公众的共同努力。

政府需要出台相应的法律法规，鼓励企业采取环保措施。

企业应该承担起社会责任，减少对环境的破坏。

公众也应该提高环保意识，从自身做起，如减少使用塑料袋，节约用水等。

通过阅读这篇文章，我们可以深刻理解到可持续发展的重要性以及实施可持续发展的策略。

只有通过采取有效的措施，我们才能保护环境，确保未来世代的生活质量。

因此，我们每个人都应该为实现可持续发展贡献自己的力量。

综上所述，考研英语1996阅读真题是一道关于可持续发展的经典题目。

通过阅读这篇文章，我们可以了解到可持续发展的重要性以及实施可持续发展的策略。

1996年考研英语真题答案快速扫描1.A2.C3.D4.B5.D6.C7.D8.B9.A 10.C (11~20略：新大纲不再考查的部分)21.D 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.D 32.A 33.C 34.D 35.C 36.B 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.D 41.C 42.D 43.A 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.D 48.B 49.C 50.A 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.A 55.B 56.C 57.C 58.D 59.C 60.A 61.C 62.D 63.D 64.A 65.B 66.A 67.D 68.B 69.B 70.A1996年考研英语真题答案系统精析ⅠPart Structure and VocabularySection A1. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often or better than an actualperformance.A. as good asB. as goodC. goodD. good as【句意】你喜欢听唱片吗?我发现听唱片常常跟实际演出效果一样好，甚至其效要还好于实际演出。

【答案及考生答对率】A，答对率为68%【考核知识点】比较结构【解析】“as good as”用于形容词原级比较，“or”后面用了形容词比较级，比较对象用than 引导。

“as good as和better than由or连接”，表平行并列关系，表示不同的比较关系，表达的比较意义也不同，所以任何一个“as”都不能省，故［B］、［D］都是错误的。

［C］good根本不能与than搭配，也是错误的。

［A］是惟一正确答案。

【举例】She can cook as good as her mother.He isn’t so/as kind as he appears.2. My pain apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met askedsym-pathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”A. must beB. had beenC. must have beenD. had to be【句意】当我走入房间的那一刻，我的疼痛想必一定很明显，因为我遇到的第一个人同情地问我：“你不舒服吗?”【答案及考生答对率】C，答对率为75%【考核知识点】情态动词+动词不定式完成时【解析】“must have done”结构表示对过去发生的情况的强烈肯定推测，译为“肯定是，一定是”。

96年考研英语阅读真题英语阅读真题一直是考研英语备考的重要部分，考生们需要通过练习和解析来提升自己的阅读理解和语言运用能力。

下面是96年考研英语阅读真题解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

Passage OneBlack, Hispanic and other ethnic groups are more likely than whites to develop some forms of kidney disease. But an American study suggests that the higher rate of kidney disease is not as racially determined as previously believed. William McClellan of Atlanta, Georgia's Emory University School of Medicine and his colleagues examined data from the third U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. According to their report in this month's issue of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, ethnic variations in the likelihood of developing kidney disease can be explained by differences in blood pressure, obesity, diabetes and other risk factors. "Thus, it is these risk factors that may explain disparities in the rates of chronic(慢性的) renal(肾的) disease among ethnic groups," McClellan told Nephrology News and Issues.The researchers found that the odds ratio for Hispanics compared to whites was 1.52, meaning that Hispanics were 52 percent more likely to develop chronic renal disease, even after taking into account age, sex, socioeconomic(社会经济) and general health differences. As for black Americans, their odds ratio compared to whites was 2.45. Native and Asian Americans also had a higher risk of kidney disease compared to whites.These racial and ethnic differences remained even after adjusting for differences in socioeconomic factors that are known to affect kidney disease risk, including income, insurance coverage and access to healthcare. After adjusting for diabetes and high blood pressure, two things that can lead to kidney disease, the researchers found that ethnic differences in the rates of kidney disease lessened, but did not disappear altogether.The study also attempted to measure other factors that may affect kidney disease risk in various ethnic groups. These included diet, high cholesterol(胆固醇), smoking and kidney stones. However, it was difficult to draw definitive conclusions about how these factors influenced kidney disease risk in different ethnic groups because survey participants' answers to these questions may not have been completely accurate, or participants may have forgotten important details about their diet, smoking habits or medical history.答案及解析：1. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To evaluate different risk factors for kidney diseaseB. To explain the variations in kidney disease among ethnic groupsC. To discuss whether kidney disease risk is determined by raceD. To examine the impact of socioeconomic factors on kidney disease答案：C解析：文章的第一句话就明确写出了黑人、西班牙裔和其他族裔比白人更容易患肾病这一事实。

2006年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of English9.[A]predicts[B]displays[C]proves[D]discovers10.[A]assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss11.[A]Hence[B]But[C]Even[D]Only12.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house13.[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance16.[A]around[B]over[C]on[D]up17.[A]complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating18.[A]So[B]Since[C]As[D]Thus19.[A]puts[B]interprets[C]assumes[D]makes20.[A]supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation[D]coordinationSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C],or[D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1In spite of“endless talk of difference,”American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is“the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse,and the casualness and absence of deference”characteristic of popular culture.People are absorbed into“a culture of consumption”launched by the19th-century department stores that offered“vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite”these were stores“anyone could enter,regardless of class or background.This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.”The mass media,advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture,which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.Writing for the National Immigration Forum,Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration isneither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation.In1998immigrants were9.8percent of the population;in1900,13.6percent.In the10years prior to1990,3.1immigrants arrived for every1,000residents; in the10years prior to1890,9.2for every1,000.Now,consider three indices of assimilation—language,home ownership and intermarriage.The1990Census revealed that“a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English‘well’or‘very well’after ten years of residence.”The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English.“By the third generation,the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a“graveyard”for languages.By1996foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before1970had a home ownership rate of75.6percent,higher than the69.8percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics“have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation,one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics,and41percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks,yet“some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America?Indeed.It is big enough to have a bit of everything.But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past,today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21.The word“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)most probably means________.[A]identifying[B]associating[C]assimilating[D]monopolizing22.According to the author,the department stores of the19th century________.[A]played a role in the spread of popular culture[B]became intimate shops for common consumers[C]satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite[D]owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23.The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.________.[A]are resistant to homogenization[B]exert a great influence on American culture[C]are hardly a threat to the common culture[D]constitute the majority of the population24.Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph5?[A]To prove their popularity around the world.[B]To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C]To give examples of successful immigrants.[D]To show the powerful influence of American culture.25.In the author’s opinion,the absorption of immigrants into American society is_______.[A]rewarding[B]successful[C]fruitless[D]harmfulText2Stratford-on-Avon,as we all know,has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.There is the Royal Shakespeare Company(RSC),which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon.And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come,not to see the plays,but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage,Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny totheir revenue.They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors,them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness.It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare,who earns their living,was himself an actor(with a beard)and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate.The sightseers who come by bus—and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays,and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford.However,the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing.It is the playgoers,the RSC contends,who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night(some of them four or five nights)pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and the local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.Stratford cries poor traditionally.Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to beadding a new wing or cocktail lounge.Hilton is building its own hotel there,which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars,the Lear Lounge,the Banquo Banqueting Room,and so forth,and will be very expensive.Anyway,the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy.(The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a st year its1,431seats were94per cent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.)The reason,of course,is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele.They come entirely for the plays,not the sights.They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)—lean,pointed,dedicated faces,wearing jeans and sandals,eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the20seats and80standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at10:30a.m.26.From the first two paragraphs,we learn that________.[A]the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B]the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[C]the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms[D]the townsfolk earn little from tourism27.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that________.[A]the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B]the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C]the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D]the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater28.By saying“Stratford cries poor traditionally”(Line2,Paragraph4),the author implies that______.[A]Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B]Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C]the town is not really short of money[D]the townsfolk used to be poorly paid29.According to the townsfolk,the RSC deserves no subsidy because________.[A]ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending[B]the company is financially ill-managed[C]the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable[D]the theatre attendance is on the rise30.From the text we can conclude that the author________.[A]is supportive of both sides[B]favors the townsfolk’s view[C]takes a detached attitude[D]is sympathetic to the RSCText3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world,something strange happened to the large animals: they suddenly became extinct.Smaller species survived.The large,slow-growing animals were easy game,and were quickly hunted to extinction.Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing.They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world.Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass(the amount of living biological matter)of fish species in particular parts of the ocean,but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature,the biomass of large predators(animals that kill and eat other animals)in a new fishery is reduced on average by80%within15years of the start of exploitation.In some long-fished areas,it has halved again since then.Dr.Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative.One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved.Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar,which were not available50years ago.That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught,so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.In the early days,too,longlines would have been more saturated with fish.Some individuals would therefore not have been caught,since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them,leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore,in the early days of longline fishing,a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem,because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr.Myers and Dr.Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline,which future management efforts must take into account.They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists,that of the “shifting baseline”.The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past.That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomassof a target species is about50%of its original levels.Most fisheries are well below that,which is a bad way to do business.31.The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.[A]large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment[B]small species survived as large animals disappeared[C]large sea animals may face the same threat today[D]slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32.We can infer from Dr.Myers and Dr.Worm’s paper that________.[A]the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by90%[B]there are only half as many fisheries as there were15years ago[C]the catch sizes in new fisheries are only20%of the original amount[D]the number of large predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old33.By saying“these figures are conservative”(Line1,paragraph3),Dr.Worm means that________.[A]fishing technology has improved rapidly[B]then catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded[C]the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D]the data collected so far are out of date34.Dr.Myers and other researchers hold that________.[A]people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time[B]fisheries should keep their yields below50%of the biomass[C]the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level[D]people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation35.The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’________.[A]management efficiency[B]biomass level[C]catch-size limits[D]technological applicationText4Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest may be this:artists’only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so.The earliest forms of art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the19th century onward,more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery.But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war,disaster and the massacre of innocents.The reason,in fact,may be just the opposite:there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all,what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising.The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media,and with it,a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.They worked until exhausted,lived with few protections and died young.In the West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerful mass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial,and forever happy.Fast-food eaters,news anchors,text messengers,all smiling,smiling,smiling.Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.And since these messages have an agenda—to lure us to open our wallets—they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.“Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex,before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget—what our economy depends on us forgetting—is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment.Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness,we need art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember that you will die,that everything ends,and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette,yet,somehow,a breath of fresh air.36.By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intends to show that________.[A]poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music[B]art grows out of both positive and negative feelings[C]poets today are less skeptical of happiness[D]artists have changed their focus of interest37.The word“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)most probably means something________.[A]religious[B]unpleasant[C]entertaining[D]commercial38.In the author’s opinion,advertising________.[A]emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art[B]is a cause of disappointment for the general public[C]replace the church as a major source of information[D]creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself39.We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes________.[A]happiness more often than not ends in sadness[B]the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing[C]misery should be enjoyed rather than denied[D]the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms40.Which of the following is true of the text?[A]Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B]Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C]People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.[D]Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part BDirections:In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of numbered gaps.There are two extra choices,which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville,Ind.,home of David Williams,52,and of a riverboat casino(a place where gambling games are played).During several years of gambling in that casino,Williams,a state auditor earning$35,000a year,lost approximately$175,000.He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for$20worth of gambling.He visited the casino,lost the$20and left.On his second visit he lost$800.The casino issued to him,as a good customer,a“Fun Card”,which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks,and enables thecasino to track the user’s gambling activities.For Williams,these activities become what he calls“electronic heroin”.(41)________.In1997he lost$21,000to one slot machine in two days.In March1997he lost$72,186.He sometimes played two slot machines at a time,all night,until the boat docked at5a.m.,then went back aboard when the casino opened at9a.m.Now he is suing the casino,charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted.It did know he had a problem.In March1998a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problem.The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers,and wrote to him a“cease admissions”letter.Noting the“medical/psychological”nature of problem gambling behavior,the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42)________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has24signs warning:“Enjoy the fun...and always bet with your head,not over it.”Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health.Nevertheless,Williams’s suit charges that the casino,knowing he was“helplessly addicted to gambling,”intentionally worked to“lure”him to“engage in conduct against his will.”Well.(43)________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says“pathological gambling”involves persistent,recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.(44)________.Pushed by science,or what claims to be science,society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45)________.Forty-four states have lotteries,29have casinos,and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on—you might say addicted to—revenues from wagering.And since the first Internet gambling site was created in1995,competition for gamblers’dollars has become intense.The Oct.28issue of Newsweek reported that2 million gamblers patronize1,800virtual casinos every week.With$3.5billion being lost on Internet wagers this year,gambling has passed pornography as the Web’s most profitable business.Section III WritingPart A51.DirectionsYou want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area.Write a letter to the department concerned,asking them to help find a candidate.You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter with no less than100words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your name at the end of the letter;use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should1.describe the photos briefly,2.interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them,and3.give your point of view.You should write160-200words neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)。

1996年硕士研究生入学考试英语阅读理解试题译文Text 1沉默寡言的老人们曾经说：“重要的不是在这个世界你所想要什么，而是你得到什么。

”心理学教导人们，如果你知道你想要什么，并且想要的是合适东西，你就能得到它。

你可以在头脑里勾画出一幅欲望的蓝图，就像你可以画房屋的筑建图一样。

而我们每人在日常生活中都在不停地画着这样的欲望蓝图。

如果我们想要请朋友吃晚餐，我们会筹划菜谱，写购物单，决定先做什么菜，这样的筹划对于举行任何形式的宴请都是必不可少的。

同样，如果你想找一份工作，那就找一张纸，写一份简历吧。

在为找工作作筹划时，从你自己开始。

因为只有当你明白你可以提供什么服务，你才可能明智地筹划到哪儿去销售你的服务。

你的简历实际上是对你的职业生涯的描述。

它包括教育、经历和证明人。

这个描述是很有价值的，在你填写一般的申请表格时它可提供参考，它对面试也有极大的帮助。

在与你谈话时，你未来的雇主将确定你的教育，你的经历和你的其他资历是否会给他带来收益。

你的“商品”和能力必须以有序和合理连贯的方式陈列出来。

当你为你的能力和欲望仔细地准备了一幅蓝图后，你就有切实的东西出售了。

那时你就可以去找工作了。

搜集有关你想找的工作的所有信息，对工作和公司的详情进行调查。

留心看与听，使用你的判断能力。

每天花一定的时间寻找你所想要的工作，请记住：找工作就是你现在的工作。

Text 2随着BBC国际部电视节目的开播，成百万的亚洲和美洲观众已经能够观看和收听它的新闻报道。

当然在英国，听众和观众能够收到两个BBC电视频道，收听到五个BBC全国广播电台和众多的地方广播电台。

他们可收到体育、喜剧、广播剧、音乐、新闻和时事、教育、宗教、国会辩论、儿童节目和电影。

每户每年只需交83英镑的收视费。

这是一个非凡的记录，可上溯到70多年以前。

然而BBC的未来现在无法预料。

它肯定将继续以一个公费资助的广播公司而存在下去，至少暂时是这样，但是它的作用，它的规模和它的节目在英国引起全国性的争论。

1996年全国考研英语真题Section I Structure and V ocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points)1. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ________, or better than an actualperformance.[A] as good as[B] as good[C] good[D] good as2. My pain ________ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I metasked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”[A] must be[B] had[C] must have been[D] had to be3. The senior librarian at the circulation desk promised to get the book for me ________ shecould remember who last borrowed it.[A] ever since[B] much as[C] even though[D] if only4. Observations were made ________ the children at the beginning and at the end of preschooland first grade.[A] towards[B] of[C] on[D] with5. The article opens and closes with descriptions of two news reports, each ________ onemajor point in contrast with the other.[A] makes[B] made[C] is to make[D] making6. A safety analysis ________ the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.[A] would identify[B] will identify[C] would have identified[D] will have identified7. The number of registered participants in this year’s marathon was half ________.[A] of last year’s[B] those of last year’s[C] of those of last year's[D] that of last year’s8. For there ________ successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvementin the discussion itself by all present.[A] is[B] to be[C] will be[D] being9. There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read recently________ what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.[A] giving[B] gave[C] to give[D] given10. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ________ going on inthe world.[A] it is[B] as is[C] there is[D] what isPart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)11. I’d rather you would goA by train, because I can’t bearBthe idea of your beingCin anairplane in suchDbad weather.12. It’s essential that people beA psychologicalBable to resist the impact brought aboutCby thetransition from plannedDeconomy to market economy.13. Some bosses dislike to allowA people to shareBtheir responsibilities; they keep allCimportant matters tightlyDin their own hands.14. Each cigarette which a person smokes doesA someBharm, and eventually youCmay get aserious disease from itsDeffect.15. On the wholeA , ambitious students are much likelyBto succeed in their studies than are thoseCwithDlittle ambition.16. DespiteA much research, there are still certain elements inBthe life cycle of the insect that isCnot fully understoodD.17. In 1921 Einstein won the Nobel Prize, and was honoredA in Germany until the riseBofNazism thenC he was driven fromDGermany because he was a Jew.18. The data receivedA from the two spacecraftsBwhirling around Mars indicateCthat there ismuch evidence that huge thunderstorms are occurringDabout the equator of the planet.19. Generally speaking, the bird flying acrossA our path is observed, and the oneBstaying on thetree near at handC is passed by without any notice takingDof it.20. Mercury’s velocity is so muchA greater than the Earth’sBthat it completes more than fourrevolutions around the Sun in the time thatC takes the Earth to complete oneD.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)21. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were ________.[A] hung up[B] hung back[C] cut down[D] cut off22. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend ________ here so that she couldlearn more about the city.[A] sometimes[B] some time[C] sometime[D] some times23. Ms. Green has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be ________ witheveryone who comes to the store.[A] accepted[B] admitted[C] admired[D] acquainted24. He does not ________ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible.[A] equal[B] match[C] qualify[D] fit25. Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been ________ the goal of a practicaland economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.[A] pursuing[B] chasing[C] reaching[D] winning26. The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that ________ the speakers stopped forrefreshments.[A] at large[B] at intervals[C] at ease[D] at random27. When travelling, you are advised to take travellers’ checks, which provide a secure________ to carrying your money in cash.[A] substitute[B] selection[C] preference[D] alternative28. I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a ________ character.[A] gracious[B] suspicious[C] unique[D] particular29. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this________ produces artificial cold surrounding it.[A] absorption[B] transition[C] consumption[D] interaction30. I didn’t say anything like that at all. You are purposely ________ my ideas to prove yourpoint.[A] revising[B] contradicting[C] distorting[D] distracting31. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ________ of each other in thought,but they are inseparable in fact.[A] indistinctly[B] separately[C] irrelevantly[D] independently32. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to________ her laughter.[A] hold back[B] hold on[C] hold out[D] hold up33. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ________ attitude towardcustomers.[A] impartial[B] mild[C] hostile[D] opposing34. I ________ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.[A] express[B] confess[C] verify[D] acknowledge35. It is strictly ________ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.[A] secured[B] forbidden[C] regulated[D] determined36. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when theCongress is in ________ again next spring.[A] assembly[B] session[C] conference[D] convention37. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ________ the birthof Jesus Christ.[A] in accordance with[B] in terms of[C] in favor of[D] in honor of38. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ________ to carrying out the plan.[A] obliged[B] committed[C] engaged[D] resolved39. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ________ as well as wehad hoped.[A] came off[B] went off[C] brought out[D] made out40. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ________ thequalities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.[A] improve[B] enhanced[C] guarantee[D] gearSection II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.They do not provide energy, 41do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 42foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 43is missing a deficiency disease becomes 44.Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements -- usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45nitrogen. They are different 46their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 47one or more specific functions in the body.48enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 49vitamins. Many people, 50, believe in being on the “safe side” and thus take extra vitamins. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body’s vitamin needs.41. [A] either[B] so[C] nor[D] never42. [A] shifting[B] transferring[C] altering[D] transforming43. [A] any[B] some[C] anything[D] something44. [A] serious[B] apparent[C] severe[D] fatal45. [A] mostly[B] partially[C] sometimes[D] rarely46. [A] in that[B] so that[C] such that[D] except that47. [A] undertakes[B] holds[C] plays[D] performs48. [A] Supplying[B] Getting[C] Providing[D] Furnishing49. [A] exceptional[B] exceeding[C] excess[D] external50. [A] nevertheless[B] therefore[C] moreover[D] meanwhileSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in fillingout standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications, will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilit ies must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.51. What do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what youget.”?[A] You’ll certainly get what you want.[B] It’s no use dreaming.[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have.[D] It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.52. A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as ________.[A] an illustration of how to write an application for a job[B] an indication of how to secure a good job[C] a guideline for job description[D] a principle for job evaluation53. According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before starting to find a jobbecause ________.[A] that is the first step to please the employer[B] that is the requirement of the employer[C] it enables him to know when to sell his services[D] it forces him to become clearly aware of himself54. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you havesomething ________.[A] definite to offer[B] imaginary to provide[C] practical to supply[D] desirable to presentText 2With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation’s news coverage, as well as listen to it.And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC television channels,five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio stations. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children’s prog rammes and films for an annual license fee of ￡83 per household.It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years -- yet the BBC’s future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC -- including ordinary listeners and viewers -- to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC’s royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organization as it is, or to make changes.Defenders of the Corporation -- of whom there are many -- are fond of quoting the American slogan “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.” The BBC “ain’t broke,” they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word ‘broke’, meaning having no mo ney), so why bother to change it?Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The commercial TV channels –ITV and Channel 4 -- were required by the Thatcher Government’s Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels -- funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers’ subscriptions -- which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.55. The world famous BBC now faces ________.[A] the problem of new coverage[B] an uncertain prospect[C] inquiries by the general public[D] shrinkage of audience56. In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is NOT mentioned as the key issue?[A] Extension of its TV service to Far East.[B] Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate.[C] Potentials for further international cooperations.[D] Its existence as a broadcasting organization.57. The BBC’s “royal charter” (Line 4, Paragraph 4) stands for ________.[A] the financial support from the royal family[B] the privileges granted by the Queen[C] a contract with the Queen[D] a unique relationship with the royal family58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is no other than ________.[A] the emergence of commercial TV channels[B] the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government[C] the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs[D] the challenge of new satellite channelsText 3In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital” and “labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareh olders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialization. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.59. It’s true of the old family firms tha t ________.[A] they were spoiled by the younger generations[B] they failed for lack of individual initiative[C] they lacked efficiency compared with modern companies[D] they could supply adequate services to the taxpayers60. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in ________.[A] the separation of capital from management[B] the ownership of capital by managers[C] the emergence of capital and labour as two classes[D] the participation of shareholders in municipal business61. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT that ________.[A] the shareholders were unaware of the needs of the workers[B] the old firm owners had a better understanding of their workers[C] the limited liability companies were too large to run smoothly[D] the trade unions seemed to play a positive role62. The author is most critical of ________.[A] family film owners[B] landowners[C] managers[D] shareholdersText 4What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America -- breakthroughs such as the telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine?Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics, especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry.Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage. As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium” system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it. This approach, originated abroad, offered inventors medals, cash prizes and other incentives.In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs and at the industrial fairs in major cities. Americans flocked to these fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance.Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation, the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process... The designer and the inventor... are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist.”This nonverbal “spatial” thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing. Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, scre ws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.”When all these shaping forces -- schools, open attitudes, the premium system, a genius for spatial thinking -- interacted with one another on the rich U.S. mainland, they produced that American characteristic, emulation. Today that word implies mere imitation. But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence.63. According to the author, the great outburst of major inventions in early America was in alarge part due to ________.[A] elementary schools[B] enthusiastic workers[C] the attractive premium system[D] a special way of thinking64. It is implied that adaptiveness and inventiveness of the early American mechanics ________.[A] benefited a lot from their mathematical knowledge[B] shed light on disciplined school management[C] was brought about by privileged home training[D] owed a lot to the technological development65. A technologist can be compared to an artist because ________.[A] they are both winners of awards[B] they are both experts in spatial thinking[C] they both abandon verbal description[D] they both use various instruments66. The best title for this passage might be ________.[A] Inventive Mind[B] Effective Schooling[B] Ways of Thinking[D] Outpouring of InventionsText 5Rumor has it that more than 20 books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher’s pipelines. A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life. Cosmology, geology, and biology have provided a consistent, unified, and constantly improving account of what happened. “Scientific” creationism, which is being pushed by some for “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science. Virtually all scientists and the majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard “scientific” creationism as bad science and bad religion.The first four chapters of Kitcher’s book give a very brief introduc tion to evolution. At appropriate places, he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answers. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise. When their basic motivation is religious, one might have expected more Christian behavior.Kitcher is a philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments. The non-specialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argument that support evolutionary theory. The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: “This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does -- and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.67. “Creationism” in the passage refers to ________.[A] evolution in its true sense as to the origin of the universe[B] a notion of the creation of religion[C] the scientific explanation of the earth formation[D] the deceptive theory about the origin of the universe68. Kitcher’s b ook is intended to ________.[A] recommend the views of the evolutionists[B] expose the true features of creationists[C] curse bitterly at this opponents[D] launch a surprise attack on creationists69. From the passage we can infer that ________.[A] reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate[B] creationists do not base their argument on reasoning[C] evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists[D] creationism is supported by scientific findings70. This passage appears to be a digest of ________.[A] a book review[B] a scientific paper[C] a magazine feature[D] a newspaper editorialSection IV English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes.71) Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. Some, however, are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; but it is a frightening trend. 72) This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted, however, that from time to time, questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order. 73) This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.This kind of support, like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward. But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting “good” as opposed to “bad” science, but a valid determination is difficult to make. Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory. 74) However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects. 75) New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.Section V Writing76. Directions:[A] Title: GOOD HEALTH[B] Time limit: 40 minutes[C] Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)[D] Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with thegiven opening sentence: “The desire for good health is universal.”[E] Your composition should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)OUTLINE:1. Importance of good health。

2006考研英语（一）真题及答案解析Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population. 1 , homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly 2 . To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.5 everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. __7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is__8__. One of the federal government’s studies __9__ that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to __10__ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. __11__when homeless individuals manage to find a __12__ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day__13__ the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, __14__not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday __15__ skills needed to turn their lives __16__. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are _17__ programs that address the many needs of the homeless. __18__ Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, _19__it, “There has to be _20 _of programs. What we need is a package deal.”1.[A]Indeed [B]Likewise [C]Therefore [D]Furthermore2.[A]stand [B]cope [C]approve [D]retain3.[A]in [B]for [C]with [D]toward4.[A]raise [B]add [C]take [D]keep5.[A]generally [B]almost [C]hardly [D]not6.[A]cover [B]change [C]range [D]differ7.[A]Now that [B]Although [C]Provided [D]Except that8.[A]inflating [B]expanding [C]increasing [D]extending9.[A]predicts [B]displays [C]proves [D]discovers10.[A]assist [B]track [C]sustain [D]dismiss11.[A]Hence [B]But [C]Even [D]Only12.[A]lodging [B]shelter [C]dwelling [D]house13.[A]searching [B]strolling [C]crowding [D]wandering14.[A]when [B]once [C]while [D]whereas15.[A]life [B]existence [C]survival [D]maintenance16.[A]around [B]over [C]on [D]up17.[A]complex [B]comprehensive [C]complementary [D]compensating18.[A]So [B]Since [C]As [D]Thus19.[A]puts [B]interprets [C]assumes [D]makes20.[A]supervision [B]manipulation [C]regulation [D]coordination文章中心：完型填空的命题理论规定，文章的中心思想一般体现在文章首段的首句;有时首段首句其他段落的首句共同表达文章中心思想。