状语从句
1.状语从句的定义：状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句的动词，形容
词或副词等，有时修饰整个主句。
I knew him when I was ten. 时间状语从句
Teacher will be angry if you are late for class. 条件状语从句
He arrived late for class because he got up late. 原因状语从句
He got up early so that he could get the early bus. 目的状语从句
He worked so hard that he passed the exam. 结果状语从句
We should go where the working conditions are difficult. 地点状语从句
He still worked hard although he was ill. 让步状语从句
2.分类：
（1）时间状语从句。
a.until 引导时间状语从句，“直到??时”，从句一般位于主句之后。如果主句时肯定句时，谓语用延续性动词，强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生为止，译为“直到??”
I stayed there until he came back.
如果主句时否定句，谓语用非延续性动词，侧重主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始，译为“直到??才”
He didn 't go to bed until 11 o 'clock.
b.when 引导的时间状语从句。
when “当??时“，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同
时发生。
I feel very happy when you come to see me.
When you are crossing the street, you must be careful.
When he knocked at the door, I was sleeping.
when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语可以用延续性动词，也可以用非延续性动词。
He was working at the table when I went in.
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai.
when 引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则。
I will call you when he comes back.
He will visit you when he comes back home.
c.while 引导的时间状语从句，译为“与??同时，在??期间”，从句
常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。
They rushed in while we were discussing problems.
Mother was cooking while I was playing computer games.
d.as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则。
as soon as “一??就??”表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作就马上就发生。
I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.
As soon as he heard the news, he felt very happy.
3.so that 引导目的状语从句。
so that “以便“，引导目的状语从句时，一般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔
开。目的状语从句表示动机（即一种可能性），而非事实。因此，从句带有can/will/could/would/should 等情态动词。
He took a taxi so that he could get there earlier.
He worked hard so that he could pass the exam.
4.so that 引导结果状语从句
so that “以至于，结果“引导结果状语从句，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带情态动词。
I studied English hard so that I passed the English exam.
He runs every day so that he is healthy.
重点句型结构：
so?that ?引导的结果状语从句
adj/adv
many/few ＋可数名词复数
so＋much/little ＋不可数名词＋that 从句
adj＋a/an+可数名词单数
Jane is so lovely that we all like to play with her.
Tom is so kind a boy that they all want to make friends with him.
There are so many books that we want to stay there to read them.
There is so little water that we should buy some. such?that ?引导的结果状语从句
a/an ＋adj+可数名词单数
such ＋adj +可数名词复数＋that 从句
adj+不可数名词
He is such a good teacher that we all respect him.
They are such difficult questions that few students could answer.
There is such sweet bread that many ants appear.
5.Although 引导让步状语从句：
although/though 的意思一样，译为“尽管；虽然“，位于句首，句末都
可以。主句中不可以出现but,但可以用yet/still 等。类似短语：even
if/even though “尽管??”Although/though she smiled, she was angry.
He is unhappy though he has a lot of money.
6.条件状语从句：
if 引导的条件状语从句。
if 译为“如果“引导条件状语从句。同义短语：as long as “只要，如果”
I will go to Wuhan if I have time.
If I get up late, my mom will be angry.
I will help you as long as you call me. 常考点：a.主将从现原则。（主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时）
I ' ll catch the early bus if I get up early tomorrow morning. b.主句含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。He can't be late for class if he gets up early tomorrow morning. c.主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Please call me if you have time tomorrow.
unless 译为“除非，如果不“相当于” if ?not ”, 也遵循主将从现原则。
You can 't learn English well unless you work hard.
→You can ' t learn English well if you don We will have a picnic unless it rains tomorrow.
→ We will have a picnic if it doesn 7. 原因状语从句：在句中表原因状语的从句被称为原因状语从句。常见的引导词
有 because/since 等。
because 表因果关系的语气最强，常用来回答 why 的提问，所引出的原因往往 是听话人不知道或最感兴趣的。不能和 so 同时连用。
I like pandas because they are cute.
He arrived late for school because he got up late.
since 表示人们已知的事实，不需要强调原因，故常译为“既然??” Since Monday is Bob 's birthday, let 's give him a party.
Since everyone is here, let ' s get started.
小试牛刀：
1.
We 'll stay at home it rains tomorrow. A. and
B. if
C. but
D. so 2.
The two companies decided to work together
they had common
interest. t work hard.
t rain tomorrow.
A. because
B. unless
C. but
D. or
3.The actor was happy he got a part in a movie, the part was a small one.
A. since
B. while
C. though
D. unless
4.Mom wo'n t let Dick go out he promises to be back by 10 o 'clock tonight.
B. when
C. since
D. unless
A. if
5.Our teachers have been with us for nearly three years we came to junior high school. We should thank them for what they have done for us.
A. until
B. before
C. since
6.A stupid man tells a woman to shut up, while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful it is closed.
A. unless
B. since
C. when
D. though
7. I am really proud of my group we're always discussing and sharing
secrets together. How important the group work is !
A. because
B. though
C. unless
8.I got home , my sister was doing her homework.
A. When
B. Because
C. If
D. Though
9.Chen Wei isn 't at school today he is
taking a robot competition in
Shanghai.
A. so
B. because
C. before
D. if
10.Our world will get better and better each of us lives a greener
life.
A. before
B. if
C. though
D. until
11.I didn 't accept his help I wanted to try it myself.
A. because
B. though
C. until
D. unless
12.My family always go somewhere interesting the holiday begins.
A. as soon as
B.so
C.so that
D. even though
13.Mike didn 't win the race, he was still wearing a smile on his
face.
A. If
B. Since
C. Although
D. Because
14.Juile didn 't leave her office the police arrived.
A. however
B. whenever
C. while
D. until
15.Mr. Smith has a habit of taking a shower he has breakfast.
A. though
B. before
C. because
D. since
16.What do you think of your Junior Middle School life?
I think it is colorful, I am always busy.
A. if
B. though
C. while
D. until
17.you smile at others , they will smile back.
A. Before
B. When
C. Until
D. Though
18.You must make sure your tea is not too hot you drink it.
A. before
B. after
C. since
D. while
19.Phone me you get to Wuzhong.
A. since
B. so that
C. as soon as
D. while
20.Shall we go for a picnic in the forest park tomorrow ?
Yes, it rains heavily.
A. if
B. unless
C. until
D. when
21.I am in trouble, my classmates will help me out.
A. Before
B. Whenever
C. Though
KEYS：
1~5 BACDC 6~10 CAABB 11~15 DACDB 16~21 BBACBB