【英语】高考英语每年必考题：-ever词用法归纳
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高考英语-ever词用法归纳：引导状语从句
本文所说的-ever词主要包括whatever, whoever, whichever,whenever, wherever, however 等。由于它们在近几年的高考英语中一直比较热，再加上它用法难度大，所以许多同学对它们的用法一直比较头痛。为此，本文拟对其具体用法作一归纳，以帮助同学们正确把握这些词的用法。欢迎关注微信号80796072，每天为你传递最新高考资讯和提供最新考题！
用于引导状语从句
它们都可用来引导状语从句(让步状语从句)，其大意为“无论什么(是谁、哪一个、什么时候、什么地方、如何)”等，相当于英语中的no matter what (who,which, when, where, how)。如：
whatever [Nomatter what] you say, I believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。Whoever [Nomatter who] telephones, tell them I’ m out. 不管是谁打电话，都说我出去了。Whichever[No matter which] day you come, I’ll be pleased to see you. 无论你哪天来，我都欢迎。
Whenever [Nomatter when] you come, you are welcome. 你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。We found thepeople friendly wherever [no matter where] we went. 无论我们走到哪里，我们都发现人们很友好。
However [Nomatter how] much he eats, he never gets fat. 无论他吃多少，他都不发胖。Phone mewhen you arrive, however late it is. 你到达之后就给我打电话，不论多么晚也要打。
【三点补充说明】
1. 有时从句谓语可用情态动词。如：
无论他在哪里，我都要找到他。
正：I'll find him, wherever he is.
正：I'll find him, wherever he may be.
无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。
正：Keep calm,whatever happens.
正：Keep calm,whatever may happen.
2. whoever 的宾格也是whoever, 而不是whomever, 后者在现代英语已基本不用，有的词典已不收录此词。如：
Whoever you marry, make sure he can cook. 不管你跟谁结婚，他一定要会做饭才行。
3.有时可省略从句中的动词be。如：
The building must be saved, whatever the cost (is). 一定要挽救这座建筑，不管花多大代价。
whatever your argument (is), I shall hold to my decision. 不管你有什么理由，我都坚持我的决定。
I refuse,however favorable the conditions (are). 不管条件如何有利，我都不干。
4. 有时可省略从句中的动词be及其相应的主语。如：
I’d rather have a room of my own,however small (it is), than share a room. 无论房间多么小，我宁愿一个人住一间，也不愿意与别人合住一个房间。
A grammarrule, however true (it is), is useless unless it can be understood. 一条语法规则，不管如何正确，除非能懂，否则毫无用处。
高考英语-ever词用法归纳：引导名词性从句
引导名词性从句
除引导状语从句外，whatever,whoever, whichever等还可引导名词性从句(主语从句或宾语从句)。如：
He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么，他就做什么。
I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. 谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚。
I’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 请想要这票，我就把它给谁。
Whichever team gains the most points wins. 哪个队得分最多，哪个队就赢。Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. 我们当中无论哪个先到家，哪个就先开始做饭。
用于加强语气
有时这些词可用于加强语气，含有“究竟”“到底”之义。如：
whatever[What ever] do you mean? 你到底是什么意思?
Whenever[When ever] did you find time to do it? 你什么时候有空做这事?
Wherever[Where ever] can the children be? 孩子们究竟会在哪里呢?
Whoever [Whoever] told you that? 到底是谁告诉你的呢?
Whichever[Whichever] did you choose? 你到底选了哪个?
However [However] did you escape? 你到底是怎样逃出来的?
四、用于固定搭配中
1. or whatever诸如此类，类似的东西
You plug itinto a computer or whatever and it does the rest. 把它插入计算机之类的东西，其他的工作就由它来完成了。
Anyone seencarrying bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police. 警察看见谁拿着袋子、箱子或别的什么东西，就叫住谁。
2. or whenever或其他什么时候，或随便什么时候
He mightcome on Monday, or Tuesday, or whenever. 他也许星期一来，也许星期二来，或者其他随便哪个时候来。
3. orwherever 或其他类似地方，或随便什么地方
You may hearthe song at home, at school, or wherever. 在家，在学校或随便在哪里，你都可以听到这首歌。
4. or whoever 或者其他什么人，或者随便谁
When you're done with the book, just give it to Mary or Shelley or whoever. 当你看完这本书的时候，就把它交给玛丽，或谢莉，或其他什么人。
5. whatever you do 要紧的是，无论如何
Don’t miss the train, whatever you do. 千万不要误了火车。
whatever you do, don't mention my name. 无论如何，不要提起我的名字。
高考英语-ever词用法归纳：高考考题详解
第一碰
■______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off a whole pizza.
A. However
B. How
C. whatever
D. What
答案为：A
■2008辽宁卷第28题：
______hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. whatever
B. Whenever
C. Wherever
D. However
答案为：D
第二碰
■“What shall we do tonight then?”“It’s up to you—______ you want.”
A. however
B. whenever
C. whatever
D. whomever
答案为：C
■2012全国卷II第6题：
— What shall we do tonight then?
— _______ — whatever you want.
A. Help yourself
B. It’s a deal
C. No problem
D. It’s up to you
答案为：D
第三碰
■When you are done with the book, just give it to Mary or Shelley or whoever. 当你看完这本书的时候，就把它交给玛丽，或谢莉，或其他什么人。
■2012山东卷第21题：
When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or ______.
A. whoever
B. wherever
C. whatever
D. however
答案为：A
高考英语复习方法总结：单词讲解与分词讲 解 高考英语复习方法总结：单词讲解与分词讲解 高考英语复习方法总结：分词讲解 我们要讨论一下英语中一种非常重要的动词变化形式----三种非谓语动词的形式，即动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和两种分词(现在分词doing和过去分词done)。今天我们着重讲一下分词。 分词，是动词的一种变化形式，只是这样变化完成之后，原先动词所具有的动作意义明显减弱了，更偏向于英语中形容词和副词的语法作用，因此在句中主要充当定语、状语和补足语。并且，使用分词可以起到简化定语从句和状语从句的作用，也就是分词可以起到定语和状语从句的语法作用，这一点我们会在下面的讲解中慢慢体会。 一、分词做定语 1、现在分词做定语 现在分词做定语主要有两种意义 (1)、表示主动、一般的动作 我们说过，分词是定语从句的简化，在分词表示这种意义时，若将分词改成定语从句，定语从句谓语动词要用一般现在时。此时，现在分词多数表示的是所修饰名词的一种持久性特点。 e.g a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles everyone The exploring > (2)、表示主动地、正在进行的动作
此时现在分词所表示的是所修饰名词的一种短暂性特点，强调正在发生的动作 e.g falling leaves=leaves that are falling 2、过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语，也有两种意义 (1)、表示被动的、一般的或完成的动作 此时动词一般为及物动词，此时若将分词改成定语从句，定语从句谓语动词要用被动语态 e.g the exploited > The boiled water=the water that has been boiled(表示完成) (2)、主动地、完成的动作 由及物动词变来的过去分词才有被动意义，而由不及物动词变来的过去分词则不表示被动，只表示主动完成的语态。 e.g a retired general=a general that has retired. 总结：现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别是： A.从语态角度来讲，现在分词表示主动意义。而过去分词通常表示被动意义(不及物动词的过去分词除外)。 B.从时态角度来讲，现在分词一般表示进行的动作，过去分词表示完成的动作。 二、分词做状语 分词做状语，其实就是相应的状语从句简化的结果，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、伴随 1、表示时间，分词短语一般至于句首。
高考英语中高频近义词或同义词辨析 （1）grain; corn; crop grain：指稻、麦等谷类及其粒子。 corn：主要指大麦、小麦、燕麦、裸麦、玉蜀黍这5种谷物及其粒子。 crop：指谷物或果类等一年或一季的收成，也可指地里的农业作物或谷物。 Farmers grow grain and keep cattle. 农民种谷养牛。 He filled the barn to the roof with corn. 他将谷仓装满了谷物。 The main crop is wheat and this is grown even on the very steep slopes. 主要作物是小麦，就连很陡的坡地都种上了小麦。 (2)hurt; wound; injure; harm hurt:表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦，强调疼痛感”。 wound:表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。injure:表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。 harm: 表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失，其对象可以是自己，也可以是其他人或物”。Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided. 一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞，许多人受了伤。 The soldier was wounded in the arm. 这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。 There were two people injured in the car accident. 有两个人在车祸中受了伤。 Getting up early won?t harm you! 早起对你没有坏处。 (3)affair; thing; matter; business affair:意为“事情、事件”, 含义较广，泛指已做或待做的事。复数affairs一般指商业事务及政府的日常事务，如财政管理、外交事务等。 thing:意为“事情、事物”，不管大事小事、好事坏事均称为thing，一般不能专指事务。复数things还可作“形势”解。 matter:重指须留心的要事或问题、难题。 business：作“事务、事情”解时，一般不能用复数，常常指所指派的任务、责任；有时说的是指派的工作或商业上的买卖活动。 （4）a great deal; a great deal of a great deal：用作名词，意为“大量”，“许多”，作主语、宾语；用作副词，意为“很”或“非常”，作状语，修饰动词或用来强调比较级。 A great deal has been studied and this is the best way． 经过大量研究后，这（被认为）是最好的办法。 a great deal of：意为“大量的”，“非常多的”，相当于much，作定语，后接不可数名词。 A great deal of time／money／energy has been spent on the project． 大量的时间／金钱／能源花在那个工程上了。 （5）at the time; at that time; at one time; at a time at the time：通常用于过去时句子中，指某件事情发生的“当时”、“那时” Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time．
高考英语形容词，副词知识点专项训练解析附答案 一、选择题 1．- Can those _______ at the back of the classroom hear me? - No problem. A．are sitting B．seating C．seated D．sat 2．The happening of failure is unavoidable and ________of man’s will. A．aware B．independent C．ahead D．short 3．Personally, I consider the CEO a(n)______ leader, as he can always make the wise choice . A．qualified B．interested C．surprised D．excited 4．________ to a colorful campus culture, students should draw a line between what is their major concern and what is of ________ importance. A．Exposing…the least B．Having exposed...least C．Having been exposed…the less D．Exposed...less 5．He had one mistress to whom he was faithful to the day of his death：Music. Not for ________ moment did he ever give up what he believed, or what he loved. A．a single B．the slightest C．quite a D．the very 6．---Have you finished your experiment report, Peter? ---Oh, my God. I’ve fogotten all about it. A．possibly B．selflessly C．exactly D．entirely 7．I think everyone should be kind to others for kindness is a human which everyone admires. A．quantity B．quality C．advantage D．opinion 8．There were no tickets________for Friday's performance. A．preferable B．considerable C．possible D．available 9．Either side seems to have a(n) _________ position; there are still many uncertainties on this issue. A．ambiguous B．delicate C．explicit D．confidential 10．Diabetes (糖尿病) is very _____ among senior citizens in the northern part of China since the 1990’s. A．common B．ordinary C．normal D．usual 11．On Friday night I had such a dream that I can still remember the terrible feeling. A．vivid B．good C．pleasant D．distant 12．One problem with online shopping is that customers can’t know whether the goods are ______. A．artificial B．conventional C．authentic D．intellectual 13．It's an inspirational story, and the well-researched facts really bring the story and characters_______. A．alive B．living C．lively D．live 14．Letterboxes are much more __________ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead. A．common B．normal C．ordinary D．usual
come和go后接现在分词的用法归纳与对比 一、表示日常生活或娱乐 come 和 go 后接日常生活的某些活动或娱乐活动，表示来做某事或去做某事，此时两者用法基本相同，只是“方向”不同。 1. come doing 的用例 Come dancing. 来跳舞。 Would you like to come sailing? 你愿意来坐船游览吗? Come swimming with us tomorrow. 明天跟我们一起游泳吧。 Why don’t you come ice-skating with us tonight? 今晚来和我们一起溜冰好吗? 2. go doing 的用例 It’s dangerous to go skating on the lake.在湖上滑冰有危险。 I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，其余的人都打网球去了。 Could you look after the kids while I go shopping? 我去买东西，你照管一下孩子，好吗? On Saturdays, when I was a child, we would all get up early and go fishing. 我小的时候,我们星期六都一早起床去钓鱼。 还可表示方式或伴随 go后接现在分词可以表示“去”的方式，或者是伴随“去”还有另一个动作同时在发生。如： She slipped and went hurtling downstairs. 她一失足咕噜噜跌下楼梯。 The car went skidding off the road into a ditch. 汽车打滑冲出公路跌进沟里。 说明：在这类用法中，go doing 远比 come doing 用得普通，表示去进行该活动，其用法与上面讲到的“come+现在分词”相似，只是方向不同，一个表示“来”做某事，一个表示“去”做某事。 同时 go doing 的搭配能力也比 come doing 强得多，通常能这样搭配的现在分词有 climbing, cycling, exploring, dancing, fishing, hiking徒步旅行, hunting, riding, roller-skating, sailing, shooting, skating, skiing, surfing, swimming, walking, dancing, shopping, fishing, water-skiing 等。 They are going skiing. 他们要去滑雪。 They are going sailing. 他们要去航行了。 I’ m going shopping this afternoon.今天下午我要去购物。， 二、表示“来”“去”的方式 come 和 go 后面可以跟表示运动的动词的现在分词，可以“来”“去”的方式，含有“……来”“……去”之意，但在具体翻译时应灵活处理。 1. come doing的用例 She came running into the room. 她跑进屋来。 Memories of his childhood came flooding back. 他童年的往事涌上心头。 2. go doing的用例 She went sobbing up the stairs. 她呜咽着上楼去了。 The car went skidding off the road into a ditch. 汽车打滑冲出公路跌进沟里。 三、“go+现在分词”的其他用法
高考英语常用同义词辨析汇总 1. a good/great many(of）/a number of/a large quantity of/plenty of/a large amount of/a great deal of 2. a number of/numbers of/the number of. . . 3. abandon/desert
4. abolish/cancel 5. above all/first of all/at first 6. accuse/charge/blame/scold
7. acquire/obtain/gain/win/earn 8. adjust/adapt 9. adopt/adapt 10. agreement/contract/bargain
11. also/too/either/as well/besides/moreover 12. anxious/eager/keen 13. apart from/except/except for/except that/besides
14. argue/debate/discuss/quarrel 15. ashamed/shameful/shame 16. at ease/with ease
17. attempt/try/manage 18. attend/join/join in/take part in/participate in 19. average/common/ordinary/general/usual
2019年高考英语短文改错专题--形容词和副词（含答案） truth proves that skiing down the snow mountain is much exciting than skating in the park. , lying in the front of my school,the wonderful playground makes the campus surprising beautiful. 3One afternoon ,our plane landed at the world’s third big airport. a result, I failed two of my most favorite subjects, math and physics, which surprised everyone. may find it astonished that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak. is real a good chance to have met all of you here. loved money best than he did. shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years. was the first time that I had played on stage in front of such many people. ’s more,the teaching conditions here are many better than those in Sichuan. may vary so it’s very worth shopping around before you buy. we will study even more harder and try our best to do all. weather couldn’t be bad,so we will not go out. 65% of the Palace Museumwill then be open to visitors to mark the 90th anniversary of the museum. , a 13-year-old schoolboy, often says no to his parents’ opinions and doesn’t listen to them willing. ,my mother and I keep a relationship like close friends. 17.—What do you think of the concert —I have never seen a more better one with letters and public phones,mobile phones and the Internet are fast and much more convenient. the power failure,the hospital continued to function normal. can good remember the incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon.
高考英语一般现在时用法总结(完整)题库 一、单项选择一般现在时 1．Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce. A．was served B．will serve C．is served D．served 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意：通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句子说的是一般情况，要用一般现在时态；句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称，和谓语动词serve之间是被动关系，所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为C。 2． Temperatures________ quite dramatically at night in mountains, so put on some warm clothes before going out. A．are dropped B．drop C．are being dropped D．have dropped 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：山里的气温晚上下降得厉害，所以出门前穿上一些暖和的衣服。山里的气温到晚上骤降是自然状况，应该用一般现在时的主动语态。故选B。 考点：考查谓语动词的时态和语态。 3．You’d better write down her address before you ________ it. A．forget B．are forgetting C．forgot D．will forget 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词的时态。句意：趁你还没有忘记，最好把电话号码记下来。在时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时，故选A项 考点 : 考查动词的时态 4．All of you ______ at the school gate! We’ll soon start. A．will gather B．gather C．will be gathering D．are gathering 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查祈使句。本文属祈使句。带有命令的口气，相当于“All of you , please gather at the school gate!”所以选B。所有人到学校门口集合，我们马上要出发了。 考点：考查祈使句
英语分词的用法 英语中的分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。及物动词的现在分词表示正在进行和主动意义，过去分词表示已经完成和被动意义。现将常用的英语分词的用法归纳如下: 1.作定语 分词可用来修饰名词或代词，并和所修饰的词在逻辑上有主谓关系。 (1)前置定语 单个分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰名词之前，作前置定语。例如： What exciting news it is! 这是多么令人振奋人心的消息! There were a lot of excited people at the concert．演奏会上，很多人兴奋不已。 (2)后置定语 a、少数单个分词(尤其是过去分词为多)作定语时，也可作后置定语。例如： Make sentences with the words given ．用所给的词造句。 The goods ordered will be delivered soon. The money left is far from enough. Many people are dubious about the announcement from the authorities concerned. b、单个分词作不定代词的定语时，要放在被修饰代词之后，作后置定语。例如： Is there anything unsolved ? 还有没解决的问题吗? There is something missing ． 有东西丢失了。 c、分词短语作定语时，要放在被修饰名词之后，作后置定语。这时的分词短语相当于一个定语从句。例如： Do you know the old woman sitting under the tree ?(=Do you know the old woman who is sitting under the tree ?) 你认识坐在树下的那个老太太吗? There comes a girl dressed in red ．(=There comes a girl who is dressed in red ．) 一个穿红衣服的女孩走过来了。 2.作表语 分词作表语，相当于形容词。现在分词作表语通常表示主语所具有的性质或特征，含有“令 人……的”意思。过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的情形或状态，含有“感到……的”意思。例如： The match was very disappointing ． 这场比赛令人失望。 They were very disappointed ． 他们都非常失望。 3.作补语 (1)作宾语补语 a、分词作宾语补足语，宾语和现在分词(主动意义)有逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语和过去分词 (被动意义)有逻辑上的动宾关系。 分词通常用在see，hear, watch，notice，feel，find等感官动词或have，get，make
高中英语同义词100组 因为because, since, as, for 除了（还）besides, as well as, in addition to ,apart from 位于lie in, be located/situated in 分发hand out, give out, distribute 独自alone, by oneself, on one's own 经历undergo, experience, go through 优点advantage, strong points, strength 感激appreciate, be grateful/thankful to sb 免费for free, for nothing, free of charge 容纳admit, accommodate, contain, hold, seat 适合be suited to, be suitable for, be fit for 处理deal with, do with, cope with, handle, dispose of 记住keep/bear sth. in mind, leam sth. by heart 充当act as, serve as, work as , function as 确保see to it that, make sure that, ensure that 当心watch out, look out, take care, be careful 提前ahead of time, ahead of schedule, in advance 表明indicate, suggest, show, imply, make clear 大约about, some, around, or so, approximately 依靠depend on, rely on, be dependent on, count on 总计total to, come to, amount to, add up to, reach 熬夜stay up, sit up, be up late/far/deep into the night 考虑take account of, take sth. into account/consideration 建立establish, found, build, create, set up, put up 缺点disadvantage, weak points, weakness, drawback 说服talk/persuade sb. into doing sth., persuade sb. to do sth. 沮丧depressed, discouraged, blue, down, disappointed, upset 厌烦be bored with, be fed up with, be tired of, be sick of 偶然by chance, by accident, accidentally, once in a while 鉴于seeing that, given (that) , considering sth/that, in view of sth 发生happen, occur, come about, take place, go on, break out 控制keep/bring sth under control, take control of, have power over 立即in no time, at once, right away, straight away, immediately 替代replace, stand for, substitute for, take the place of, represent 尽管although, though, even though, while, despite, in spite of, as(倒装) 再三repeatedly, again and again, over and over (again), time and again, 如果providing (that),provided (that),on condition that, supposing that, given that 只要as long as, so long as 区分identify, tell/distinguish...from..., tell/distinguish the difference between... and... 首先first, firstly, first of all, in the first place, to begin/start with, for one thing 总之in short, in conclusion, to conclude, in a word, to sum up, on all accounts 完成fulfill, accomplish, finish, complete, get through with sth., go through with sth. 重视pay more attention to, lay/put/place emphasis on，attach importance/significance to
高考英语专题形容词，副词知识点难题汇编及答案解析 一、选择题 1．Diabetes (糖尿病) is very _____ among senior citizens in the northern part of China since the 1990’s. A．common B．ordinary C．normal D．usual 2．Many popular ski resorts have a ________ slope for learning and a few expert runs to challenge the senior skier. A．pleasant B．negative C．severe D．gentle 3．The House and the Senate have nearly ________ powers, but their means of election are quite different . A．definite B．equal C．natural D．magic 4．The large passenger aircraft C919 AC 101, independently designed and developed by China, turned out to be a huge ________ success. A．controversial B．contradictory C．commercial D．compulsory 5．Nowadays, many people struggle to maintain the ______ balance between work and family. A．deliberate B．delicate C．desperate D．definite 6．To _______ its construction, the Potala Palace is _______ to a limited number of tourists every day. A．preserve; available B．reserve; available C．preserve; accessible D．reserve; accessible 7．The bank ______ from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. every day. A．opens B．keeps open C．keeps opened D．keeps opening 8．Among all pastimes, gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story can almost bring a family ________ together. A．closer B．closest C．the closer D．close 9．, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development. A．Actually B．Frequently C．Especially D．Sincerely 10．Some parents might find learning at home to be ________ beyond additional bonding with their children A．beneficial B．stainless C．relevant D．terminal 11．Nowadays, basic health care services are ______ to almost all the Chinese people, contributing to a rise in average life expectancy. A．alternative B．abundant C．accessible D．creative 12．Your uncle was very to give you so much money for buying books. A．attractive B．peaceful C．generous D．dangerous 13．In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _______. A．special B．regional C．optional D．original 14．____________ by his behavior, I said all this to my best friend. A．Disappointing B．To disappoint
高考英语语法总结 一．非谓语动词 一．不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生 2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 1)感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） " 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 2) 使役动词have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后 要还原to I 'd like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn. 3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如： want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．（NMET 1995） A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met （Key：C） 五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式
现在分词 一、基础知识： 现在分词（也叫动名词）：表示主动和进行。 基本形式：doing 否定式：not doing 被动式：being done 完成式：having done 二、具体用法： 1.动名词作主语和宾语： （1）把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用，表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作，可在句中充当主语和宾语。 eg: Working with you is a pleasure. I like reading in my free time. （2）可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面，再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面，这种用法常用于以下句式： ①It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。 eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy. It’s no good smoking too much. ②It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。 eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework. ③It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 eg: It was worth making the effort. ④There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。 eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife. ⑤There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。 eg: There is no point in getting angry. ⑥There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。 eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends. ⑦There is no telling…无法预言会… eg: There is no telling what will happen. ※注意：动名词作主语时，其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰，即one’s doing sth.作主语。 eg: Tom’s being late again made his teacher angry. My going to Beijing University is my parents’ biggest dream. （3）动名词作宾语分为两种情况：动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语 ①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有： avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, risk, escape, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practice, fancy, can’t help, be busy, give up, can’t stand, feel like等。 eg: You must avoid being hurt when crossing the road. ②有些动词后即可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，常见的有： A: start, begin, intend, attempt, continue等后接doing和to do无区别。 B: like, love, prefer, hate等后接doing和to do略有区别，后接doing侧重经常习惯性的行为，后接to do侧重具体的某一次行为。 eg: I like swimming in summer but today I like to see a film at home
专题三形容词和副词 A组三年模拟精选(2015～2013)(改编) 1.(2015·南昌质检)This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their (nature) course. 解析考查形容词。在名词course前作定语，要用形容词形式natural，表示“自然的 过程”。 答案natural 2.(2015·大庆月考)That would be a very (reason) thing to do in a big city， but it could destroy a small village like ours. 解析考查形容词。此处为a/an＋形容词＋单数名词，修饰名词thing当然要用形容词 形式。 答案reasonable 3.(2015·大连一中月考)He was a billionaire by the time he was 31 years old. ，there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even younger ages. 解析考查副词。他31岁成了亿万富翁，但有些人年龄更小时就发了财。however然而， 要用逗号与主句隔开。 答案However 4.(2015·泰安调研)And the passengers (sudden) became friendly to one another. 解析考查副词。此处是修饰动词became，所以应该用副词做状语。 答案suddenly 5.(2015·江西重点中学协作)Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is (clean) than ever. 解析考查形容词的比较级。现在河里的水比以前更干净了。根据后面的比较连词than 可知这里应该用比较级cleaner。 答案cleaner 6.(2015·黑龙江双鸭山一中月考)That's (absolute) unbelievable.