第七讲名词和冠词
1．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)The nursery team switches him every few (day) with his sister ...
2．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work ...
3．(2016·高考全国甲卷短文改错)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.
4．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.
5．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed，
other is with mum—she never suspects.
6．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for
while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.
7．(2016·高考全国乙卷短文改错)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.
8．(2016·高考全国甲卷短文改错)But in that case，we will learn little about world.
9．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.
10．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese (painting)．
11．(2014·高考辽宁卷语法填空)Unbelievable！Oh...，if you don't mind，I'll stop and take a
deep ．
12．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.
13．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.
14．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)For example，we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
15．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even most modern of architects and engineers.
答案：1.days 2.studies 3.knowledges→knowledge
4．year→years 5.the 6.a7.the→a8.about后加the
9．the去掉10.paintings11.breath12.airs→air
13．parent→parents14.第一个hour→hours15.the
1．单数可数名词前通常会填冠词(a，an，the)、名词的所有格(Tom's)、形容词性物主代词(my，your，his)、不定代词(any，another，some)等。
2．空格在冠词、数词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格后，要用括号中所给词的名词形式。
3．在名词前作定语的可能是形容词或分词，在名词后作定语的可能是分词短语、不定式短语或介词短语，还可能是定语从句。
4．若有定语从句、形容词短语、分词短语或介词短语等修饰，应当用所给词的名词形式。
5．作主语或作宾语(在及物动词或介词后)时，要用括号中所给词的名词形式。
6．在确定用名词形式后，还要考虑该名词是用单数还是复数，是否要用所有格。
7．牢记雷打不动的不可数名词
如advice；news；information；progress；fun；weather，music；health；luck等，在使用这些词时，不管前面有多少修饰语，其前面一定不要用不定冠词a或an。
8．零冠词常用的四种情况
在节日名称、星期、月份、季节前；一日三餐、球类棋类等运动的名称前；与by连用表示交通通讯方式的名词前；名词前已有this，that，my，your，some，any等词作定语。
9．定冠词常用五种情况
前文已经提到过的人或物；在形容词和副词的最高级的前面；用于世界上独一无二的东西之前；用在序数词的前面表顺序；在表示乐器名称的名词之前。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．—We've been destroying lots of forests every year.
—What a shame！We'll be the (victim)of our own foolish behavior.
2．—How can I take the medicine，sir?
—Just follow the (direct)on the bottle.
3．If a young man wants to become a singer，he should take some special (course)in this area because they will help him improve singing abilities.
4．(2016·陕西西安一中模拟)As far as I know，two car (thief)have been caught in our community.
5．The dream of going to the first-class universities attracts us greatly and we have made up our
to achieve it.
6．Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.On the
other ，it could just put you in debt.
7．I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond (recognize)．8．It is not what you are thinking about but how you can put it into that counts.
9．—Eight children were killed in the accident yesterday.
—Yes，the news came as shock to me.
10．—What about teaching in a primary school？I think you are a born teacher.
—With pleasure.And I think it pleasure to do my bit for children.
11．It is out of the question that you can get rise if you don't work hard.
12．(2016·山东青岛模拟) real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
13．—Have you listened to weather forecast，Linda?
—Yes.It says that there will be a heavy rain this weekend.
14．He told me the news that he got a new job in excited whisper.
15．To us all in China，experience of taking the College Entrance Examination seems an important way to judge whether one's life is a complete one.
16．It is great pleasure for me to give a speech on the nature of human beings.
17．—Well，that is one of most expensive hotels in town，I'm afraid.
—Do you mean we'd better choose cheaper one?
18．I was going to pay a visit to Li Ping when Mr Green called me up，who I didn't know at all.
19．The education of young is always a hot and serious topic in modern society.
20．In order to find a better job，he decided to study second foreign language.
答案：1.victims 2.directions 3.courses 4.thieves
5．minds 6.hand7.recognition8.practice9.a10.a11.a12.A13.the14.an15.the16.a 17.the；a18.a19.the20.a
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Here is a very person we are looking for，one with a good knowledge of German.
2．She was born in 1974 and has played piano since the age of six.
3．If you go to the party，it is polite to arrive on time.It is good manners to shake hand with your host.
4．Finally we climbed Mount Hua.It is very high and steep.We had to be careful in case we might fall off the cliff.It took us six hour to get to the summit.
5．(2016·福建莆田质检)There are a variety of after-class activity in our school，which benefit us a lot.
6．Her husband was great comfort to her when she was ill.
7．It is great honour for me to take part in the volunteer work，and I learn the significance of helping others.
8．You should follow the doctor's advices and give up smoking.
9．After about half a hour，the rain stopped and I went home.
10．What happened just now shows a knowledge of first aid can make real difference in an emergency.
答案：1.第一个a→the 2.played后加the 3.hand→hands
4．hour→hours 5.activity→activities 6.第一个was后加a
7．is后加a8.advices→advice9.a→an10.make后加a
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A man came to the USA from another country.After
1.(settle)down at an island，he went into a cafeteria to get something
2.(eat)．He sat down at an empty table and waited for someone to take his order，but nobody did.
3.(final)，a woman with a tray full of food sat down opposite him and informed him
4.
the cafeteria worked.
“Start out at that end，”she said.“Just go along the line and pick out what you want.At 5.
other end they'll tell you how much you have to pay.”
“I soon 6.(learn)how everything worked in the USA，”the man told his friend.“Life's a cafeteria there.You can get anything you want as long as you are willing to pay the price.You can even get success，7.you'll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it for you.You have to get up and get it 8.．”
You can't change the inevitable.The only thing you can do
9.(be)to control your attitude.Once you reach that point in life，happiness and 10.
(satisfy)can't be too far away.
1．解析：settling。根据前面的介词after，可知这里要用动名词形式。
2．解析：to eat。这里用不定式作定语。
3．解析：Finally。此空放在句首，修饰整个句子，因此要用该词的副词形式。注意首字母要大写。
4．解析：how。一位妇女带着一个装满食物的盘子坐在他对面，告诉他自助餐厅是怎样运作的。
5．解析：the。at the other end为固定搭配，意为“在另一端”。
6．解析：learned/learnt。整篇文章是叙述过去的事情，故此处用一般过去时。
7．解析：but。句意：你甚至可以获得成功，但如果你等别人把它拿给你，你永远都不会得到它。
8．解析：yourself。根据句意可知你不得不自己去做，所以这里用反身代词yourself。
9．解析：is。此处是主系表结构。
10．解析：satisfaction。and连接两个并列成分，根据happiness可知此处用名词形式。
Ⅳ.短文改错
It is known to all that our students of today have to fix our attention on our lessons，so we know few of society.A holiday is the best time and the best chance to make up for that.Take a part-time job is a good form of social practice.That we have learned in books and in class can't have the same important effect us as what we have learned through personal practice.In social practice，we can surely make a progress in both knowledge or practical ability.
Beside，when we take a part-time job，we may got paid more or less ot help our family.Thus，I will say senior school students should take part-time jobs in their holidays，if possibly.
答案：
Ⅴ.写作提升
用名词的固定搭配或与冠词相关的结构替换画线部分。
1．I saw a lot of rubbish in the street the other day.
→I a lot of rubbish in the street the other day. 2．You should spend your spare time improving English.
→You should your spare time to improve English.
3．The teacher entered the office，with a book in his hand．
→The teacher entered the office，．
4．Although she is a child，she shows a great passion for the stars.
→，she shows a great passion for the stars. 答案：1.caught sight of 2.make full use of 3.book in hand
4．Child though/as she is
名词和冠词
一、选择题 1．—Billy, you are very confident all the time, how do you make it? —I think confidence is more than just an attitude, it comes from a strong ________ to take responsibility rather than just let life happen. A．present B．care C．promise D．protect 2．We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A．in B．to C．on D．for 3．Many people think Erquan rngyue is too sad, _____________ it's my favorite. A．and B．so C．or D．but 4．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 5．— Sorry, I can't afford to go abroad. — What about having a country travel with a little________ price? A．cheaper B．higher C．lower D．less 6．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 7．Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ________ he was ill. A．so B．if C．because 8．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 9．The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020. A．on B．in C．at D．of 10．— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes 11．Is this a photo of your son? He looks________ in the blue T-shirt. A．lovely B．quietly C．beautiful D．happily 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A．familiar B．distant C．accidental D．present 14．—Do you like English? —Yes, I think it is difficult ________ interesting. A．and B．but C．because 15．Your advice is very________to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A．terrible B．comfortable C．impossible D．valuable
专题01 名词与冠词 1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，61)But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction 【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。 2．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed... 【答案】days 3．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，42)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)． 【答案】achievement 【解析】句意：然后，首先处理最重要的任务，那么你会感到真正意义上的成就。介词of后应用名词作宾语。 4．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，46)Recent ________(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly． 【答案】studies 【解析】句意：最近的研究显示如果我们有规律地进行短暂的休息的话，我们工作的效率会更高。study“研究”为可数名词，本句的谓语动词为sh ow，说明主语应用名词复数studies。 5．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，68)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the ________ (develop)of chopsticks. 【答案】development 【解析】句意：一些人认为大约生活于公元前551年到479年间的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。根据空格前面的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。 6．(2016·四川，65)Any smell might attract natural ________(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.
第一集语法填空核心考点考点突破 ——冠词——与名词共生共存 【考向聚焦】 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，常放在名词前面帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词a，an和定冠词the两种。纵观近三年高考题可知，冠词一直是必考内容。其考查的重点主要有：冠词的基本用法；在固定结构中和具体语境中的用法；冠词的特殊用法；冠词在句子中的位置。对应学生用书P1 用适当的冠词填空 1．(2013?福建，21) The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's wellbeing and ________ dream of harmony，peace and development. 解析考查冠词。根据句意，中国梦是一个……的梦和一个……的梦，可知，两空都用不定冠词a。 答案a；a 2．(2013?江西，32)Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man. 解析考查冠词。第一空表示“一种生命的形式”；第二空man表“人类”，不用冠词。 答案a；不填 3．(2013?山东，22)It was________cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across________night sky. 解析考查冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜
空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。 答案a；the 4．(2013?江西，19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century. 解析考查冠词。第一空指独一无二的事物用the；第二空为固定短语，表示在多少世纪“in the－th century”，需加定冠词。 答案the；the 5．(2013?浙江，15)People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning. 解析考查冠词。短语a preference for...意为“对……的偏好”；at an early age 意为“在年纪很小时”，故均填不定冠词。 答案a；an 6．(2013?重庆，32)The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee. 解析考查冠词。第一空news后带有that引导的同位语从句，故应该特指；第二空译为“他们的儿子需要做一个手术”，使用不定冠词。 答案the；an 7．(2012?新课标全国)Sarah looked at ________ finished painting with ________ satisfaction. 解析考查冠词的用法。句意：Sarah满意地看着那幅完工的油画。根据painting 前的修饰成分finished可知是特指那幅画；后一个空格后的satisfaction是抽象名词并且表示泛指，不用冠词。
英语冠词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择冠词 1．An engineer has designed _______ robot that can work in _______ deep sea to clean waste. A．a; the B．a; a C．/; the D．the; / 【答案】A 【解析】 这题考查冠词;第一空填a，泛指“一个机器人”，第二空填the，特指“在深海”，句意是：一个工程师发明的一个机器人可以在深海工作清除废物的。选A。 2．Mr. Brown, ______ chairman of the trade union, will visit our factory in _____ month of May. A．/; the B．a; the C．the; / D．the; the 【答案】A 【解析】 这题冠词的用法：第一空不填，因为chairman是职位，第二空填the，是特指5月。选A。 3．----- Do you go to ______ church every Sunday? ----- Yes. I believe _______God blesses me all _____ time. A．the;/; the B．/ ; /; / C．a; /; the D．/; /; the 【答案】D 【解析】 考查冠词，第一空不填，表示go to church“去教堂”，第二空不填，上帝前面不加冠词，第三空填the，all the time“一直”，句意是：|你每个星期天做礼拜吗？|是的，我相信上帝会一直保佑我的。选D。 4．_______ meeting held last night was _________ great success. A．A; a B．A ; / C．The ; a D．The ; / 【答案】C 【解析】 考查冠词。The meeting为特指昨天晚上举行的会议；success作为成功的人或事，为可数名词，选C。 5．What ________ wonderful time we had at ________ Smiths’ then! A．a; 不填B．a; the C．不填；the D．the; the 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：那时我们在史密斯家有一段多么美好的日子呀！第一空：time 在这指日子，时期。是可数名词所以用a,第二空：the+ Smiths,指史密斯一家，所以选B。
专题10 名词和冠词 【2020年】 1.（2020·新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so than the familiar near side. 【答案】interest 【解析】考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。 2.（2020·新课标I卷）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. 【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。 3.（2020·新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 【答案】celebration 【解析】考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。 4.（2020·新课标II卷）Luckily，I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. 【答案】将vacations改为vacation 【解析】考查不可数名词。句意：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子，vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词，后面不可加s表示复数。Summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。 5.（2020·新课标III卷）Filled with 64．(curious)，the artist packed his bags and left. 【答案】curiosity 【解析】考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。 6. （2020·江苏卷）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______. A. reservation B. transformation C. distinction D. submission 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A. reservation预订；
初中英语专项练习一 名词、代词、冠词 1.----How is your skirt, Marry? ---- It ’ s more beautiful than ____/. A. my sister’ s B. my sister C. sister D. mine 2. I ’ m going on holiday on the 12th and I have to be back at work on the 26th, so I ’ ve got two ____ holiday. A. weeks B. week’ s C. weeks ’ D. week 3. Look! The kites in the sky are in different ____, some are big and some are small. A. sizes B. colors C. prices D. names 4. I ’ ve read ____ sports news about the FI race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of 5. All the ____ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8 th, because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women 6. Mark met an old friend of ____ on a train yesterday. A. he B. him C. his D. her 7. I need ____ paper, Mum. I want to write ____ letter to my English teacher. A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some any 8. There are two ____ and three ____ on the table. A. knifes, forks B. knifes, forks C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks 9. We have got a lot of ____ today. A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to do D. book to read 10.We could see ____ children and hear ____ noise in the park. A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many 11.Will you pass me ____? A. a few pieces of chalk? B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks D. some chalks 12.This toy was made by a ____ boy. A. ten-year-old B. ten-years-old C. ten-year-older D. ten-years-older 13.____ are big and bright. A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C. The windows of the classroom D. The classroom’ s windows !4. ----Would you like ____ milk, please? ----No, thank you. I still have some. A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all 15.There are two ____ in the city. A. car ’ s factory. B. car’ s factories C. factories of car D’.cars factories 16.Take more ____, and you will be thinner and healthier. A. exercise B. homework C. medicine D. meals 17.At the root of the hill you could hear nothing but the ____ of the running water. A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound 18.Brian is so kind that he o ften gives me a ____ when I’ m in trouble. A. reply B. seat C. hand D. reason 19.You should express your thanks by returning the kindness when you get help from ____. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 20.We had plenty of paper but ____ ink. A. a few B. few C. not many D. not much 21.My car is not so expensive as ____. A. him B. he ’ s C. he D. his 22.Lily and Lucy have arrived, but ____ students aren’ t here yet. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 23.There are high buildings on ____ side of the road. A. both B. every C. any D. either 24.----What do you usually have for breakfast? ---- ____ eggs and ____ milk. A. Little, a few B. A little, a little C. A few, a little D. A few, a few, 25.____ is difficult if you put your heart into it.
高考英语冠词练习题及答案 高考英语对冠词的考查几乎每年都有一道题，而且都设两空，以增加覆盖面和难度。考生在冠词试题上失分较多，主要是缺乏语感，对一些知识点掌握不够透彻。高考英语冠词主要考查其基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词的区别用法、名词前省略冠词的场合、特指与泛指的区分以及习语中冠词的用法等。以下搜集整理的，供大家学习参考： 考点一、考查不定冠词a / an表示个别或泛指的用法 1. How about taking_____short break？I want to make_____cal l. A. the；a B. a；the C. the；the D. a；a 「解析」答案为D.take a short break“休息一会儿”，make a call“打一个电话”。 2. Christmas is_____special holiday when_____whole family are supposed to get together. A. the；the B. a；a C. the；a D. a；the 「解析」答案为D.a special holiday指“某一个特别的节日”；the whole family为特指。 考点二、考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法 1. I looked under_____bed and found____ books I lost last week. A. the；a B. the；the C. 不填；the D. the；不填 「解析」答案为B.此题中的the bed和the books都为特指。the bed 指“所看的床”；the books指“所丢的书”。 2. I like_____color of your skirt. It is____ good match for your blouse. A. a；the B. a；a C. the； a D. the；the 「解析」答案为C. the color指“你衬衫的颜色”；a good match泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”。 考点三、考查不定冠词及零冠词的习惯搭配 1. George couldn‘t remember when he first met Mr. Ande rson，but he was sure it was____ Sunday because everybody was at____ church. A. /；the B. the；/ C. a；/ D. /；a 「解析」答案为C.a Sunday泛指某一个星期天；at church为固定搭配，不用冠词，意为“在做礼拜”。 2. Many people have come to realize that they should go on_____balanced diet and make___room in their day for exercise. A. a；/ B. the；a C. the；the D. /；a 「解析」答案为A.a balanced diet泛指“一种平衡的饮食”；make room为固定搭配，意为“腾出空间”。 考点四、考查不定冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法 1. —How about_____Christmas evening party？ —I should say it was_____success. A. a；a B. the；a C. a；不填 D. the；不填 「解析」答案为B.the Christmas evening party为特指刚结束的圣诞晚会；a success考查抽象名词具体化时的不定冠词用法。success 原为抽象名词，不可数，但在此处已经完全具体化而变为可数名词。题中a success意为“一次成功的晚会”。当抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人和事时，这个抽象名词已经变为可数名词，再如What a pleasant surprise you gave us！意为“你真的给我们带来了惊喜”。 「精选试题」名校模拟题及其答案 1（盐城中学高一年级12月份阶段考试，21）We‘ll be traveling by ________ camel across the desert before we go to ________university. A. /；the B. the；/ C. /；/ D. the；a 2（沈阳二中2008—2009学年度上学期12月月考，8）Richard Powers‘ The Echo Mak er，____ novel set in ___ small t own of Kearney，Nebraska，US，has won the 57th US National Book Award for fiction. A. the；the B. a；a； C. a；the D. /；the 3（辽宁省营口市08-09学年普通高中高二上学期期末质量检测，1）He is in ____ control of the company. I mean，the company
★哈佛大学★英语系研究，美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。 官方网站：https://www.doczj.com/doc/386218329.html,/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供 学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。 一、多“说”。 自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。 或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。 如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。 二、多“听” 寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。 三、多“读”。 “读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。 四、多“写” 有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下：The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.
1 accept/receive Ⅰ. accept “接受”，表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。 ①I accepted it without question. 我毫无疑问地接受了它。 ②We have accepted his proposal. 我已接受了他的建议。 Ⅱ. receive “接到、收到、受到”表示其行为与主观意愿无关。如： ①I received a letter from him. 我收到了他的来信。 ②He received the present, but he did not accept. 他收到了礼物，但没有接受下来。 ③He received a good education.他受到了良好的教育。 [注] 在表示接待、接见时，通常用receive, 而不用accept. 如：We often receive foreign guests. 我们经常接待外宾。 2 before long/ long before Ⅰ. before long. “不久”，“不久以后” Ⅱ. long before “很早以前”，“好久以前”如： ①I hope to see you again before long. 我希望不久以后再见到你。 ②We finished our work long before.我们早就把工作做完了 3 care (about) / take care of/ care for Ⅰ.take care of“照料=look after,即指喂饭照看等。如： ①Nurses take care of patients in hospital. [注]：它还可表所负的责任，如： ①Mr Savage takes care of marketing and publicity. 萨维奇先生负责销售和宣传。 Ⅱ.care about表你是否认为某件事是重要的，某件事是否引起了你的兴趣或使你忧虑，常用于疑问句或否定句中，后接从句时，about一般都要省略。如： I don’t care whether it rains, I’m happy. 我才不在乎下不下雨呢，我快活着呢。 Ⅲ.care for 有以下几种意思 1）“照料”（特别是多用在正式的或较文的文体中）如： She spent the best years of her life caring for her sick father. 她把一生中最好的岁月都用来照料她那有病的父亲了。 2）“关怀”“关心”如：care for the younger generation 关怀年轻的一代 3）“喜欢、愿意”（多用在疑问句或否定句中）[care for sb. to do sth.] 如： ①Would you care for a cup of tea? 你喜欢喝一杯茶吗？ ②I don’t/shouldn’t care for him to read this letter. 我不愿让他看这封信 4 cost/ spend/ pay/ take Ⅰ.cost 指某东西“值……钱”；“需要花费……钱/ 精力”等，它的主语一般为表示东西的名词，不能为表示人的名词，作及物动词和名词。可接双宾语，无被动语态。如： ①I’ll bet that dress cost a thousand dollars.我敢说那件衣服得花1000美元。 ②The chair cost me thirty yuan.这把椅子花了我30元。 ③The building of the dam cost many lives. 修建这个水坝使许多人丧生。（使花（某种代价）； 使损失） ④Bad driving may cost you your life.开车技术不行可能使你丢掉性命。 ⑤作名词时意为“花费；成本”→The cost of the house was too high for me.这房子的价钱太 高，我买不起。 [常用搭配]： ①at all costs 不惜一切代价，—→The officer told the soldiers that they must defend the town at all costs.军官对士兵们说要不惜一切代价保卫这座城市。 ②at the cost of 以……为代价。 →1). He finished the work at the cost of his health. 他完成了这项工作，但失去了健康。 →2). She saved him from fire, but at the cost of her own life. 她从火中把他救出，但她自己却牺牲了。 ③cost of living 生活费用。 —→As the cost of living goes up my standard of living goes down. 生活费用越上涨，我的生活水准越降低。
名词和冠词第一讲 语法项目(一) 名词 [考纲解读·定方向] 语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。 如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词 [思考趋向] 1．填名词的单复数 若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。 2．填名词的所有格 提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。 3．派生为名词 [典例感悟] [典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。[典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit. 解析：Mary's 此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。 [典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 解析：months 考查名词的数。根据空前的a few及month为可数名词可知，此处表示“几个月的锻炼”，故用month的复数形式。 ________(educate)．her with on carry to determined is 4](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She 典例[解析：education 根据空格前的修饰语定答案。前面由形容词性物主代词her(她的)修饰，故用educate的名词形式，education是不可数名词。 名词单数变复数的技法
初中英语词语辨析 (一) 1、afraid of doing sth& afraid to do sth. & be afraid to do sth. be afraid of sth.的意思是：害怕某物 be afraid of doing sth.是担心做某事后出现某种后果 be afraid to do sth.是害怕做某事。 Are you afraid of snakes? 你怕蛇吗？ I am afraid of falling behind the others. 我怕拉到别人的后面。 She was afraid to stay at home alone. 她害怕肚子呆在家。 2. a few, few , little, a little, several, some few和little的意思是否定的，表示很少或几乎没有； a few和a little的意思是肯定的，表示有一些，有一点 few和a few用于修饰可数名词； little和a little用于修饰不可数名词。 There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 There is little water in the glass, so you can…t drink any.杯子里几乎没有水了，你不可能喝到水了。 several用于修饰可数名词，语意比a few，some更肯定，含有有几个的意思some可用于修饰可数名词也可用于修饰不可数名词，从数量上说，它有时相当于a few或a little，或更多些。 3. ago/ before/ after/in ago 只用于一般过去时，表示从现在算起的一段时间以前。 He died two years ago.他是两年前去世的。 before 后接―时间点，可用于任何时态；它也可放在时间段后，用于完成时或一般过去时态。I got there before 5 o?clock.我五点钟前到达那里。 I never saw him before.我以前没见过他。 He had done it two days before.他两天前就做过此事。 4. after，in这两个介词都可以表示一般时间以后。其区别是： after以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子。 She went after three days。她是三天以后走的。 In以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。 She will go three days。她三天以后去那儿。 5. already/ yet/still already 意为”已经”，常用于肯定句，多与完成时和进行时连用。用于疑问句时表示问话人持怀疑、惊异的态度。 Is it Sunday already?已经到星期天啦？ I have already finished it.我已经做完了。 yet 通常用于疑问句和否定句，在疑问句中作表“已经”，在否定句中表“还”。
高考英语专题练习（一） 名词与冠词 1．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ （attract）. 2．The nursery team switches him every few ________ （day）with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed. 3．Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ （achieve）. 4．Recent ________ （study）show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 5．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ________ （develop）of chopsticks. 6．Any smell might attract natural ________ （enemy）that would try to eat the little panda. 7．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late ________ （pay ）may affect your credit. 8．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _______ （different）unite, rather than divide us. 9．The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects. 10．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 11．We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.（attempts, requests, doubts, promises）12．I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village. 13．His English is ________ second to none. And he is going to learn ________ second language in ________ second grade. A．/; a; the B．the; the; a C．/; the; a D．a; the; the 14．The smallest good habits can make a big ________. 15．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.（strength, talent, ability, skill） 16．In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed ______ very large stone. 17．Like many popular restaurants in Paris, ________ （reserve）are hard to get at Dave, so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door. 18．He pushed and pulled with all his ________ （strong）to move it. 19．He asked ________ （permit）to introduce his friend, whose name was Mr. Wickham, and who had apparently arrived recently from London. 20．Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of ________ （adolescent）. 21．Girls are luckier than boys; they have more flexible ________ （choose）than boys. 22．I have a strong ________ （believe）that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too. 23．So I asked her why she sat there in ________ （silent）. 24．About 20 percent of ________ （baby）feel nervous when they see strangers. 25．There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of _______