Unit 2
This story is based near the Pacific Ocean and takes place near the Mexican port cities of Santa Rosalia and Guaymas on the Gulf of California.
Humboldt squids, or "Red Devils, are some of the world's largest animals without a backbone. These sometimes dangerous creatures live in the deep waters of the Pacific Ocean. A researcher and a professional diver have come to the Gulf of California to learn more about them. Will they find any Red Devils? Will they be able to observe them safely?
I. Giant Squid. Read the paragraph. Then write the correct underlined word next to each definition.
The Humboldt squid is one of the largest invertebrates in the world and can reach more than 182 centimeters in length and weigh almost 30 kilograms. This dangerous predator is carnivorous and feeds mostly on small fish. It has very long tentacles covered with sharp teeth that it uses to attack. When threatened, these sea creatures squirt streams of dark ink in order to blind their enemies and protect themselves. While their normal prey is limited to small sea creatures, Humboldt squid have been known to eat the bodies of dead fishermen at sea and to attack ocean divers.
1. an animal that lives by killing and eating others: ______________
2. a colored liquid usually used in pens: ______________
3. meat-eating: ______________
4. animals with no backbone: ______________
5. animals killed for food by other animals: ______________
6. send a stream of liquid out in a thin line: ______________
7. long, thin, flexible arm-like body parts found on some ocean creatures: ______________
1.predator
2.ink
3.carnivorous
4.invertebrates
5.prey
6.squirt
7.tentacles
II. Deep-Sea Diving. Read the paragraph. Then match each word or phrase with the correct definition.
Neurobiologist Dr. Bob Gilly is going to the Gulf of California in Mexico to study the behavior of the Humboldt squid. His colleague Bob Cranston, an experienced deep-sea diver and intrepid cameraman, is joining him on the trip. Because giant squid live at very great depths, Cranston has developed a special diving device that uses a filter to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from his air supply. The special scuba equipment is designed to help him go deeper and stay down longer. The device may also help Cranston avoid the dangerous and sometimes deadly condition of decompression sickness, which results from rising too quickly from the depths of the ocean.
1. neurobiologist ______
2. intrepid ______
3. filter ______
4. scuba ______
5. decompression sickness ______
1.D
2.C
3.A
4.E
5.B
SUMMARY
As far as 180 meters below the ocean’s surface lives the Humboldt squid, a species that can grow to be 182 centimeters long. Neurobiologist Bob Gilly has tracked this giant squid species, known as the red devil, to the Gulf of California, and he’s enlisted cameraman Bob Cranston to assist in his research. Cranston does a night dive to film the squid up close, but when his camera lights attract some, he has an unforgettable encounter with the infamous red devils.
Warming up
Teaching NOTES
1. Provide a general introduction to the Humboldt squid by showing pictures from the reading passage or other sources in class.
2. Have students familiarize themselves with the topic-related words and expressions.
3. Ask questions like “Have you ever heard of the Red Devils?”, “Where do Humboldt squid live?” and “How do scientists study the deep sea marine creatures?”The Humboldt Squid and Its General Characteristics
The Humboldt Squid, which is also called Jumbo Squid, Jumbo Flying Squid, or Red Devil, is a large, predatory marine invertebrate. It is found in the warm waters of the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Its habitat is at depths of 660 to 2,300 feet,, from Tierra del Fuego north to California. It takes its name from the Humboldt Current in which it lives. The biggest Humboldt Squid can reach up to six feet and weigh as much as 100 pounds. Humboldt squid can change color, flashing bright red when angered or excited. This is why it is sometimes called “the red devil”. The average life span of a Humboldt squid is about one year. Sperm whales, sharks, seals, swordfish, and marlin feed on Humboldt squid of all sizes, and gulls and large fish often eat the juveniles. Hunting Pattern of the Humboldt Squid
According to researchers, Humboldt Squid hunt for their prey of small fish, krill, lantern-fish, shrimp, mollusks, and other cephalopods in a cooperative manner. This is very unusual in invertebrates. The hunting group of Humboldt squid can contain as many as 1,200 individuals. They can reach swimming speeds from 3 to 15 miles an hour and can jump out of the water and glide through the air to hunt and escape. They usually hunt near the surface at night, as their keen vision helps them to capture the prey. They often approach it quickly with all ten appendages, which extend forward in a cone-like shape. However, when they reach the striking distance, they will open their eight swimming and grasping arms, and use their two long tentacles covered with sharp teeth to grab their prey and pull it back towards a parrot-like beak. Their beaks can easily cut into human flesh and inflict serious wounds. The whole hunting process usually takes place in seconds.
Aggressive Behavior of the Red Devils
The Humboldt Squid are notoriously aggressive species and have earned the nickname the “Red Devils”. When the fishermen use lights to attract lantern-fish, the Humboldt Squid sometimes gets agitated and attack them. They also attack divers that venture too close. It is said that the squid will fight with the fishermen and even blast them with water and ink when they are caught. However, recent research suggests that the squid are only aggressive while feeding. At other times, they are quite passive. When they are feeding, they may even become cannibalistic. They have been seen to prey upon injured or vulnerable squid of their own shoal.
Humboldt Squid and Its Thriving
The Humboldt squid’s population and ra nge is being expanded steadily. They are now encountered as far north as Alaska. Many researchers think that the climate changes and oxygen-level fluctuations that have been negative impact on other species in the diverse California Current have proved beneficial to the Humboldt squid. Other scientists believe that the reason is the Humboldt squid’s ability to explore and take advantage of new habitats and situations. They can also move very quickly and are capable of very large migration patterns. Still others attribute its flourishing and expansion of range to the declining numbers of the squid’s predators. video SCRIPT
Narrator: Dr. Bob Gilly is a neurobiologist at Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove, California. He’s studied squid for more than 20 years. His most recent study of Humboldt squid, sometimes called “red devils,” tracked the movements of almost 1,000 squid off the coast of Santa Rosalia, Mexico. Two months later, the squid began to appear across the Gulf of California, near Guaymas. To get a closer look at the giant squid and, hopefully, to learn more about them, Gilly headed down to the small fishing village. Gilly has invited Bob Cranston, an intrepid cameraman who’s spent more time in deep water with giant squid than anyone, to film th e squid. Gilly doesn’t dive himself, so Cranston will serve as the scientist’s eyes underwater. Cranston begins by giving some details about the new diving equipment he’s brought.
Bob Cranston, Cameraman: “Stay down a little longer, dive a little deeper, g et in a little more trouble ...”
Narrator: The dive won’t begin until nightfall, when the squid rise to feed in the higher depths of the sea. The wait gives the men time to look around.
Cranston: “Let’s walk up here and talk to these fishermen.”
Narrator: They decide to get the local fishermen’s opinion of the giant squid. What they learn is somewhat disturbing.
Local Fisherman, Guaymas, Mexico: “We lose people. Every other year, somebody dies. I have a friend that they found floating in the ocean, oh, l ast year.”
Cranston: “Squid fisherman?”
Local Fisherman: “It’s lucky they found him because, you know, they’re carnivorous. They’ll eat you, I mean, they will eat you!”
Dr. Bob Gilly, Neurobiologist: “The squid will eat you?”
Fisherman: “The squid will eat you. If you fall into the ocean, they’ll get you with their tentacles, you’ll drown, and then they’ll . . . you know, all the rest of them will
just eat you.”
Narrator: Could these stories be true? It’s enough to worry any diver and gives the men something to think about as they have dinner and prepare.
Narrator: With the afternoon fading, it’s time for Gilly and Cranston to get down to business.
Cranston: “OK, time to go diving, sun’s going down.”
Narrator: The men have created a plan to get as close as possible to the red devils, but it’s going to require some major preparations and careful planning. Cranston knows from his past experience that it can take hours just to find the squid, possibly requiring numerous dives to 60 meters deep. With traditional scuba equipment, he could run out of air before seeing a single red devil. So Cranston will be using a “rebreather” for the dive.
Cranston: “Get ready! Get ready for a night with the squid.”
Narrator: A rebreather is a special device that contains a filter that removes dangerous carbon dioxide from the diver’s exhaled breaths while simultaneously adding oxygen. It’ll allow Cranston to stay underwater longer and go deeper, but it has its disadvantages.
Cranston: “With this rebreather, I can stay underwater up to eleven hours. It’s pretty painful to stay underwater for eleven hours. The maximum I want to stay underwater is about four. The real danger is that you don’t watch your gauges, you get excited about doing something and you’re your oxygen level goes down, down, down. And then all of a sudden you pass out because there’s no warning of having too little oxygen. Your vision just goes . . . and then you get black.”
Narrator: The two men head out to where the fishermen have been finding the jumbo squid. They wait until dusk when the squid rise from inaccessible depths of over 180 meters to a barely accessible depth of 60 meters. Tonight, Gilly and Cranston are going to attempt an interesting experiment. They’ll film the squid using red light.
Cranston: “Red is camouflage underwater, so we’re trying to add some red, but still have something we can film with.”
Narrator: Like many deep-dwelling creatures, Humboldt squid aren’t very sensitive to red light since red is the first color to disappear in the ocean. Cranston will also be using a red rebreather and wearing a red dive suit in the hopes that he’ll be less invasive in the squid’s environment. Ideally, this will allow him to witness their natural behavior in their element.
Gilly: “A red devil?”
Cranston: “I’m going to be a red devil down there.”
Gilly: “You might never come back. You’re going to join them!”
Cranston: “I’m not worried about the squid hurting me. I’m worried about the squid putting up a situation like pulling your mask off or pulling a rebreather hose off, or something like that. That would be a really bad situation.”
Narrator: The red lights may make Cranston less visible, but it’s still possible that these reportedly dangerous predators may get too close or become aggressive. Narrator: Cranston begins his long dive to 60 meters beneath the ocean. It’s a
dangerous commitment. He’ll have to spend more than an hour coming up if something goes wrong or risk getting decompression sickness. In addition, the 35-kilo rebreather makes him less able to move around than with traditional scuba gear. After a short time, the first squid swim into view. They seem to take no notice of the red light; perhaps Cranston and Gilly’s theory is correct. Then a squid approaches Cranston. Cranston can see it, but can it see him? Apparently it can but at first, the squid seems more curious than aggressive. Then, suddenly, a bolder squid attacks the camera. Cranston is caught completely off guard. Soon, the devils seem to be coming from all directions —and at top speeds. Humboldt squid can swim as fast as 32 kilometers per hour. The average human swims at only two or three kilometers per hour. Eventually, the squid turn their attention to Cranston himself. His worst nightmare is about to come true. One tries to pull off his mask. Luckily, it fails. Then, as quickly as it all began, with one last squirt of ink, the attack is over.
Gilly: “Congratulations, Bob!”
Cranston: “Well, about what?”
Narrator: Back on the boat, Cranston is characteristically relaxed, almost like nothing happened.
Cranston: “Well, actually, I had a squid come and, you know, touch me. They’d grab a hold of the camera, and I’d grab a hold of them and kind of shake their hand a little bit. And they’d put out their little tentacles and . . .”
Narrator: Finally, Cranston gets to show off his film to Gilly.
Cranston: “This was when we had the squid grab a hold of the lights and pull the filters. There he comes right out of nowhere. They’re coming in at full speed ahead, grab the pre y, and full speed reverse. And leave the ink.”
Narrator: The red light was definitely a great success. Even though the squid could obviously see it, they came much closer than in white light. Cranston has captured some superb images and Gilly has learned much more about the animals’ behavior. Gilly: “It makes you suspect that they have incredible intelligence, to see this exploration-type behavior. And I certainly believe they have a lot of intelligence.”Narrator: The discoveries from research trips lik e Gilly’s not only add to scientists’ knowledge about these mysterious animals, but also add to the world’s fascination with the unusual invertebrates known as the red devils.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
4. Have students summarize this part using the answers to the questions.
II. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
III. 1. Have students repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice and then write the sentences.
2. Have students listen again, and mark the word stress on content words with a stress mark (?).
3. Have students listen to each sentence and draw an upward arrow ? for rising intonation, or a downward arrow ? for falling intonation.
4. Have students listen again and draw a curved line ? to mark any words that are linked or blended together.
5. Have students practice reading the sentences till they can say them using appropriate intonation and stress pattern.
Word bank
1. track vt. follow a person or animal by looking for proof that they have been somewhere, or by using electronic equipment
e.g. It’s difficult to track a creature in the vast ocean.
They are tracking arrow squid movements with an automated acoustic telemetry system.
2. head down move in the specified direction
e.g. We’ll head down there first thing tomorrow morning.
The two researchers headed down to Shark Alley to observe the great white sharks.
3. intrepid adj. extremely brave and showing no fear of dangerous situations
e.g. Some intrepid individuals were still prepared to make the journey.
Are you intrepid enough to make dives where only a few whales and seals dare to go?
4. film vt. record moving pictures with a camera, usually to make a film for the cinema or television
e.g. Most of the scenes about these animals were actually filmed in a studio.
They filmed how the giant squid hunt their prey deep under the sea.
5. serve as help achieve something or to be useful as something
e.g. These decoys will serve as baits to attract the sharks.
They serve as food for animals, and pollinate plants.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Remind students to take notes when they watch the video.
4. Have students compare their answers in pairs.
II. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
4. Have students provide a brief introduction to “the rebreather” and explain its benefits and risks.
III. 1. Have students go through the information in Exercise I, which can help them complete the task.
2. Remind students to use the sentence patterns in the chart to make the dialogue.
3. Put students into pairs and give them time to practice their dialogues.
4. Have some pairs role-play their dialogues in front of the class.
5. Give students some comments and suggestions for improvement.
Word bank
1. get down to business begin to do or give serious attention to something one must do or something important
e.g. Without further delay we should get down to business.
I think I’ll relax this weekend and then get down to business.
2. maximum n. the largest amount allowed or possible
e.g. The temperature will reach a maximum of 3°C here underwater.
The maximum danger sometimes implies the maximum hope in conducting a research.
3. accessible adj. able to be reached or easily got
e.g. The strength of doing this research is that the subjects are so very accessible.
The site is accessible and can provide research opportunities.
4. attempt vi. try to do something, especially something difficult
e.g. He attempted to escape from the squid by turning off the lights.
The rescuers attempted to catch the injured sea lion but failed.
5. invasive adj. tending to invade or intrude; moving into all areas of something and difficult to stop
e.g. The pumpkinseed is considered an invasive species throughout much of its current range.
Useful expressions
Agreeing
* I couldn’t agree more.* Oh, exactly.
* That’s just what I am thinking. * That’s very true.
* Right / Dead right. / You are right. * It sure is.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
II. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
4. Have students describe Cranston’s brief encounter with the squid in pairs. III. 1. Have students read the question first and go through the useful expressions that can help them answer the question.
2. Play the video again and remind them to take notes if necessary.
3. Give students time to discuss the answer to the question in pairs.
4. Have some pairs present their answers to the class.
5. Make comments on their answers. Point out the importance of the organization and coherence of their answers.
Word bank
1. commitment n. something that you must do or deal with that takes your time
e.g. I’ve got too many commitments at the moment to complete such a research.
2. approach vt. come near or nearer to something or someone
e.g. We could just see the whale approaching in the distance.
The great white shark approaches the cage stealthily.
3. catch sb. off guard surprise someone by doing something which they are not expecting and are not ready for
e.g. The fisherman was caught off guard by the dolphin.
The student’s unusual question about the squid caught the teacher off guard. Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
4. Have students summarize the main idea of this part.
II. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
III. 1. Put students into small groups of three or four.
2. Explain the task to students.
3. Have students brainstorm ideas for their instructional videos.
4. Encourage students to think about what Cranston did during the long dive, the dangers that scuba divers may encounter and the hunting pattern of the squid.
5. Have students write a script of the video.
6. Encourage students to rehearse their video in groups.
7. Have each group act out their video to the class.
Word bank
1. grab hold of obtain or take hold of something suddenly or roughly
e.g. Thinking it’s a fish, he reache s his hand into the trap, only to grab hold of a different kind of animal.
He manages to grab hold of a ledge before being pulled down by the squid.
2. reverse vi. travel backwards
e.g. The crab reversed gradually into the cage.
The diver reversed abruptly when the squid approached quietly.
3. superb adj. of excellent quality; very great
e.g. Sharks have superb senses; they can smell, taste, touch, see, and hear.
This combination makes the Tiger Shark a superb predator.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to go through the statements and predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Remind them of the function of linking words when they are trying to rearrange the statements.
4. Elicit the answers from students.
II. 1. Put students into groups of three or four.
2. Have students make two lists, one for the facts and the other for “fiction”—things they heard about the red devil in the video.
3. Ask them to discuss whether they think the red devil deserves its nickname
or not.
4. If not, have them offer a more factual nickname for the Humboldt squid. III. 1. Put students into groups of three or four.
2. Give students time to do the research, find the information and complete the table.
3. Invite a representative from each group to report their findings to the class.
4. Ask other groups to take notes when a group is reporting.
5. Have students check their notes in their groups and summarize other groups’ findings after all the groups finish their reports.
Useful expressions
Giving reasons
* It’s because…
* Let me explain. You see…
* The (basic) reason is that …/ The reason why…
* Owing to …
* Due to …
* As…
I. Watch Part 1. Choose the answer(s) to each of the following questions. Some of the questions may have more than one answer.
Research on the Red Devils
A. Dr. Bob Gilly, a neurobiologist.
B. Bob Cranston, a cameraman.
A. To track the movements of some Humboldt squid.
B. To get a closer look at the Humboldt squid.
C. To learn more about the Humboldt squid.
A. Near Guaymas.
B. Off the coast of Santa Rosalia, Mexico.
A. By watching the squid from the boat.
B. By diving to film the squid.
1.A B
2.ABC
3.A
4.B
II. Watch again. Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions you have learned in this part.
Humboldt squid are sometimes called (1) "________________. To learn more about them, Dr. Bob Gilly arrives at the small (2) _____________________ with Bob Cranston, an experienced cameraman. Cranston decides to dive and film the red devils with the help of the new (3) ____________________ he has brought. Since the dive won't begin until nightfall when the squid rise to feed in the (4) __________________ of the sea, the two men decide to get the local fishermen's (5) __________________ of the giant squid. According to one fisherman, the red devils are carnivorous, which means if you fall into the ocean, they'll get you with their (6) __________________ and eat you. Such a disturbing story worries the two men and gives them something to think about as they have dinner and prepare for the dive.
（1）red devils (2)fishing village (3)diving equipment (4)higher depths (5)opinion (6)tentacles
III. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the video. Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences.
1.His most recent study of Humboldt squid,tracked the movement of almost 1000 squid off the coast of Mexico.
2.Two months later , the squid began to appear across the Gulf of California.
3.Craston has spent more time in deep water with giant squid than anyone.
4.Gilly does’t dive himself, go Granston will sever as the scientist’s eyes underwater.
5.The dive won’t begin until nightf all,when the squid rise to feed in the higher depth of the sea.
I. Watch Part 2. Choose the answers to the following question.
To get as close as possible to the red devils, Gilly and Cranston have created a plan for the dive. Which of the following are included in their plan?
A. wearing a red dive suit
B. turning off the boat motor
C. starting the dive after sunset
D. using a "rebreather for the dive
E. using a traditional scuba equipment
F. using red light to film the squid
G. using invisible light to film the squid H. diving at the location where the fishermen have been finding the squid
一．ACDFH
II. Watch again. Complete the following sentences according to what you've learned in this part about the "rebreather.
二．(1)a special device (2g)removes (3)adding
(4)longer
deeper (6)eleven hours (7)watching his gauges (8)pass out III. Oral work. Work with your partner and role-play a dialogue between Gilly and Cranston who are going over their plan about how to get as close as possible to the red devils. Use the information from Exercise I and the sentence patterns in the chart below.
Gilly Cranston
Well, we should try our best to film the red devils close up. So let's make the final preparation and go over our planning.
Right. And we will head directly for That will make it easie r for us to …
I couldn't agree more. That will enable you to …
It sure is. And the last thing is to …
Right, let's try our best to be less invasive in the squid's environment.
All right. First, we should start diving That's when …
Then, we will be using …
I don't want to stay underwater that long, but I know from my past experience that …Oh, exactly. That's an interesting experiment. We will know whether the Humboldt squid And I will also be using and wearing ...
Well, it's all set. Time to go diving.
I. Watch Part 3. Fill in the blanks with the missing information.
Cranston begins his long dive (1) _______________________________________. It's a (2) _____________________________. He'll have to spend more than an hour coming up if something goes wrong or risk (3) ______________________________________. In addition, the (4) ______________________________ makes him less able to move around than with (5) _____________________________.
一．（1）to 60 meters beneath the ocean (2)dangerous commitment (3)getting decompression sickness (4)35-kilo rebreather (5)traditional scuba gear
II. Watch again. Put the events of the giant squid encounter in the order they happened.
A. Suddenly, a bolder squid attacks the camera.
B. Many squid swim towards Cranston from all directions at top speed.
C. The squid take no notice of the red lights.
D. The red devils squirt their ink and leave.
E. The first squid comes into view.
F. One squid tries to pull off his mask but fails.
G. Then a squid approaches Cranston.
( E )→( C )→( G )→( A )→( B )→( F )→( D )
III. Oral work. Work with a partner. Answer the following question orally with the help of the expressions given below.
Question
Why is the long dive a dangerous commitment for Cranston?
Useful expressions
the depth of about 60 meters spend more than an hour coming up
risk getting decompression sickness the 35-kilo rebreather
unable to move around freely the red devils are carnivorous
I. Watch Part 4. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1. Why was the red light a great success?
A. It enabled the squid to come very close to the camera and the diver.
B. It made the squid more visible than in white light.
C. It got the squid to pay attention to the camera.
D. It scared off other sea creatures.
2. After seeing the film, Gilly believes that the squid ________.
A. seldom encounter human beings
B. are not dangerous to us at all
C. may have incredible intelligence
D. have a very unusual hunting pattern
3. What can we benefit from Gilly's research trip?
A. We will know how to protect ourselves from being attacked when we go diving.
B. We will use red light to film animals since we know it works better than white light.
C. We will know more about the unusual invertebrates known as the red devils.
D. We don't need to conduct more research on squid.
1.A
2.C
3.C
II. Watch again. Underline the incorrect word, and write the correct one.
1. Back on the boat, Cranston is characteristically calm, almost like nothing happened.
________________
2. Finally, Cranston gets to show off his movie to Gilly. ________________
3. The red light was certainly a great success. ________________
4. Cranston has captured some superb pictures. ________________
5. And I certainly believe they have a lot of intellect.________________
1.relaxed
2.film
3.definitely
4.images
5.intelligence III. Oral work. Form groups of three or four. Write a script for an instructional video to teach scuba divers how to survive an attack from a giant squid. Make use of the information from both Part 3 and Part 4. Act out your video to the class.
I. Watch the entire video. Rearrange the following statements to form a coherent paragraph introducing the research of Cranston and Gilly.
A. Moreover, the lights aren't the only things that will be red tonight.
B. This time, however, Cranston and his colleague Bob Gilly are trying something new: red light. Cranston explains that red light is unusual as it can't be seen well underwater.
C. Cranston is wearing a red dive suit and is using a red rebreather in the hopes that he will be less visible to the squid. "I'm going to be a red devil down there too, Cranston says with a smile as he examines his equipment.
D. Bob Cranston is an experienced deep sea diver who wants to film the Humboldt squid, or "red devils. Divers usually use white or yellow lights to make the creatures as visible as possible as they film them in the dark, deep waters of the ocean.
E. Soon night falls and both men become more serious. As Cranston jumps into the water and sinks into the darkness, they are both aware of the dangers involved in the dive.
F. With this in mind, the two men have decided to add some red color to the lights they are using this time. They hope this mixture of lights will not disturb the animals as much as a traditional white or yellow light, allowing the diver closer access to the creatures.
( D )→( B )→( F )→( A )→( C )→( E )
II. Oral work. Work in groups and discuss whether the "red devil deserves its nickname or not. If not, offer a more factual nickname for the Humboldt squid.
III. Project. Form groups of three or four. Each group does research online or in the library about another deep sea creature. You can do research on a viper fish, fangtooth, dragon fish, gulper eel, giant isopod or coffinfish. Then each group fills in the following table and reports the findings to the whole class.
Deep Sea Creatures
Name viper fish fangtooth dragon gulper eel giant coffinfish fish isopod
Features
Interesting facts
Nickname
Reasons for such
a nickname
READING
The Red Devils
1 When it comes to squid, Dr. Bob Gilly is considered to be an expert. As a neurobiologist at Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove, California, this scientist has studied this fascinating invertebrate for more than 20 years. He's found one squid species, the Humboldt squid, to be truly a giant among the rest. These huge creatures can grow to be up to 18
2 centimeters long and live at depths varying from 60 to 180 meters under the ocean's surface. Able to change their color from a deep red to pure white several times in seconds, it is thought that these unusual animals may have developed the ability as part of a complex communication system. These giants of the
deep are generally only dangerous when hunting and are often found too far down in the sea to be dangerous to humans. However, they are fierce enough to attack sharks, and when disturbed or threatened, they've been known to be aggressive toward deep-sea divers. It is for these reasons that members of this magnificent species of invertebrates are sometimes referred to as "red devils.”
2 In Gilly's most recent study involving the red devils, the scientist tagged and tracked the movements of almost 1,000 Humboldt squid off the coast of Mexico, near the city of Santa Rosalia. Two months after the tagging, Gilly discovered that the red devils were appearing across the Gulf of California, near a place called Guaymas. In order to take a closer look at the giant squid and, hopefully, to learn more about them, Gilly is headed over to Guaymas.
3 Gilly has big plans for his trip to Guaymas. He's invited a cameraman with him in order to take advantage of the opportunity to film these unusual and ferocious giant squid. Bob Cranston is an experienced and intrepid cameraman and diver who has spent more time in very deep water with giant squid than anyone on Earth. Because Gilly does not dive himself, Cranston will serve as the research scientist's eyes underwater so Gilly can get a closer look at the red devils in their own element: the deep waters of the Gulf of California.
4 In the early afternoon, Gilly meets Cranston at the boat they'll use to bring them out to their diving spot far out in the Gulf. As he arrives, Cranston greets Gilly and begins to give him some details about the new diving equipment he has brought with him. Cranston explains that the new equipment will allow the experienced diver to spend more time under the water in order to do research. In his words, it will allow him to: "[Be] down a little longer, dive a little deeper, get into a little more trouble 厰
5 The dive won't begin until nightfall, since that's when the giant squid rise from 180 meters below the ocean's surface to just 60 meters below it. The change in depth is attributed to their desire to feed in the more plentiful higher depths of the sea. Luckily, this change of feeding ground also gives Gilly a chance to learn more about them, for although it's deep, a depth of 60 meters is still within a safe range for diving so Cranston can go down and have a look.
6 The wait before the dive gives Cranston and Gilly time to have a look at the beautiful area around the fishing village of Guaymas with its pleasant harbor and fishing boats. "Let's walk up here and talk to these fishermen, suggests Cranston. They decide that it might be a good idea to get the local fishermen's opinion of the giant squid. What they learn is somewhat disturbing news. A local man takes the time to discuss the red devil situation with the two researchers, and it seems that the jumbo?-size squid are known around here for two things. First, they're known as a source of income, since people can make money fishing for the squid and selling them to markets worldwide as food. The huge invertebrates are also known as something else that's a little more upsetting ...
7 "We lose people. Every other year, somebody dies, reports the local man before adding, "I have a friend that they found floating in the ocean last year. Gilly asks the man if his friend was a squid fisherman and the man confirms that he was before continuing with the story. "It's lucky they found him, he says, "because, you know,
[red devils] are carnivorous. They'll eat you, I mean, they will eat you! Gilly responds in disbelief, "The squid will eat you? The local man confirms once again, "The squid will eat you. If you fall into the ocean, they'll get you with their tentacles, you'll drown, and then they'll you know, all the rest of them will just eat you. Could these stories be true? Could the Humboldt be that dangerous? It's enough to worry the bravest of divers and certainly gives Gilly and Cranston something to think about as they prepare for a dive with what may be killer squid.
8 With the afternoon growing late, it's time for Gilly and Cranston to get down to business. "Okay, time to go diving, sun's going down, Cranston finally says as he begins to prepare to find the giant squid. Gilly and Cranston have created a plan to get as close as possible to the red devils, but it's going to require some major preparations and extremely careful planning.
9 "Get ready for a night with the squid, Cranston says as he readies the equipment. Cranston knows from his past experience that it can take hours simply to find the squid, possibly requiring numerous dives to 60 meters deep. Traditional scuba equipment is somewhat limited in the amount of air that can be stored and the length of time one is able to stay underwater safely. With such equipment, Cranston could run out of air before having a chance to see a single red devil. So, to avoid running out of air, Cranston will be using a special piece of equipment called a "rebreather for this particular dive.
10 A rebreather is a special device that contains a filter that removes dangerous carbon dioxide from the diver's exhaled breaths while simultaneously adding oxygen. The equipment will allow Cranston to stay under the water longer and to go deeper, but the rebreather also has its disadvantages and its dangers. The biggest threat is simply staying under too long. "With this rebreather, I can stay underwater up to eleven hours, Cranston explains before adding with a laugh: "It's pretty painful to stay underwater for eleven hours. The maximum I want to stay underwater is about four.”
11 Cranston then discusses where the greatest problem can arise while diving so deep in the ocean. "The real danger is that you don't watch your gauges. You get excited about doing something and your oxygen level goes down, down, down, he reports. "And then all of a sudden you pass out because there's no warning of having too little oxygen. Your vision just goes and then you get black. This scenario is potentially very dangerous, and any diver in such a situation could be very badly injured or even die.
12 The two men head out to where the fishermen have been the luckiest in finding the jumbo squid. Before they start the dive, however, they must wait until dusk when the squid rise from inaccessible depths of over 180 meters to a barely accessible 60 meters under the sea. In order to better observe the invertebrates and capture accurate information about these mysterious creatures, Gilly and Cranston are going to attempt an interesting experiment: filming the squid using red light.
13 Filming jumbo squid is nothing new, but Gilly and Cranston have come up with the unique idea of filming the animals using a different type of light. As Cranston explains, this red light may be especially useful since it can't be seen well underwater.
"Red is camouflage underwater, he says. "So we're trying to add some red, but still have something we can film with. Cranston then explains that he's using regular camera lights, but has added enough red color to potentially trick the squid into not paying attention to him. Like many deep-dwelling creatures, Humboldt squid aren't very sensitive to red light since red is the first color to disappear in the ocean. By using the red light, Cranston will have enough light to film the creatures, but hopefully the light won't disturb the animals as much as a traditional white or yellow light.
14 As Cranston begins to put on his equipment for the dive, it becomes obvious that the lights are not the only things that will be red tonight. Cranston will also be using a red rebreather and wearing a red dive suit in the hopes that he'll be less invasive to the squid's environment. Hopefully, this will allow him to witness more of their natural behavior up close. In fact, with all of his red equipment, one could say that Cranston may fit right in with the squid himself. "I'm going to be a red devil down there, Cranston laughs as he examines his equipment. Gilly joins in the joke saying, "You might never come back. You're going to join them! The two men seem very relaxed as they do their final checks.
15 Night has now fallen and the time has come for Cranston to dive into the ocean. It's also time for the joking to stop as things must now get serious. Both men are well aware of the dangers of the dive. Cranston talks a bit about how he feels about his forthcoming encounter with the potentially ferocious red devils as he finalizes his preparations. "I'm not worried about the squid hurting me, he says. "I'm worried about the squid putting up a situation like pulling [my] mask off or pulling a rebreather hose off, or something like that. That would be a really bad situation. The red lights may make Cranston less visible to the squid, but there is still a possibility that the creatures may get too close for comfort or become aggressive.
16 Cranston stands at the edge of the boat, inserts the hose from his rebreather into his mouth and checks his gear. He then steps lightly off the side of the boat as Gilly looks on. Cranston pauses for a moment in the black water to turn on his lights and do one more equipment check before he begins his long dive. He then disappears, leaving only a hint of fading red light as he sinks into the darkness.
17 Diving this deep into the ocean is a dangerous commitment for Cranston. He'll have to spend more than an hour coming up if something goes wrong. If he doesn't take enough time when surfacing, he'll risk getting decompression sickness. In addition, the rebreather weighs over 35 kilograms and makes him less able to move around easily than with traditional scuba diving gear. If there's trouble, Cranston's not going to be able to respond as quickly.
18 Once Cranston reaches his destination depth, an eerie blackness surrounds him, broken only by the faint red lights. The only sound that Cranston hears is that of his rebreather as he waits patiently for the squid to appear. The diver slowly scans the darkness with his red lights and, after a short time, the first squid swim into view. They seem to take no notice of the red light. Then a squid approaches Cranston. Cranston can see it, but can it see him? Apparently it can, but this squid seems more curious than aggressive, using one of its huge eyes to cautiously examine the strange
being in its environment. Then, suddenly, a bolder squid comes flying out of the darkness and attacks the camera. Cranston is caught completely off guard.
19 As one squid wraps its dangerous tentacles around the camera, other squid suddenly begin moving towards the diver. The odd-looking animals with their huge eyes and long tentacles seem to be coming towards Cranston and his equipment from all directions and at top speeds. Humboldt squid can swim between five and thirty-two kilometers per hour, which is extremely fast when one considers that the average human swimmer moves at a pace of only two or three kilometers per hour.
20 One of the strange-looking creatures attacks Cranston's lights with its tentacles. It grabs tightly onto the bar holding the light and tries to rip it from the diver's hand. Eventually, the animals turn their attention to Cranston himself and his worst nightmare is about to come true. One squid rushes toward him and tries to pull off his mask with its tentacles. Cranston pulls back and there is a fierce struggle. The squid has a firm grip on the only thing that's keeping the man alive so far down in the deep: one slip of the mask and Cranston could be in serious trouble.
21 Then, as quickly as it all began, the attack is over. The squid swim quickly away, leaving only a squirt of their ink behind, as if to remind Cranston of the encounter. Squid squirt their ink as a way of keeping away possible predators, so they may have been just as scared of Cranston as he was of them. In any case, Cranston is okay, and at last he's able to return to the surface, thankful that he made it out of the uncomfortable situation in one piece.
22 As he raises himself out of the water and begins climbing back into the boat, Gilly greets Cranston with a cheerful "Congratulations, Bob! and shakes his hand. When Cranston looks at him in surprise and asks, "About what? Gilly can only laugh and say, "Coming back! To this Cranston replies with a smile, "Coming back is good.”
23 Once he gets into the boat, Cranston is characteristically relaxed, almost as if nothing had happened. He tells Gilly his story, but he doesn't seem to imply that it was really scary for him down there. "Well, actually, he tells Gilly jokingly, "I had a squid come and, you know, touch me. They'd grab a hold of the camera, and I'd grab a hold of them and kind of shake their hand a little bit. Following this he jokes a bit more with Gilly. "And they'd put out their little tentacles and , with this he grabs the surprised research scientist by the arm. Gilly reacts with a jump and a small shout before laughing at the joke. The two may find the situation funny now, but it wasn't likely so funny 60 meters below the surface.
24 Finally, after all the action is over, Cranston gets to show off his film of the experience to Gilly in the safety of the boat. On a small screen that Cranston has brought on board the ship, Gilly finally is able to see how dramatic the encounter really was. "This was when we had the squid grab a hold of the lights and pull the filters, explains Cranston, pointing at the little screen. "There he comes, right out of nowhere.”
25 As he retells the evening's underwater events, Cranston shares his theory as to how the red devils hunt their prey: "They're coming in at full speed ahead, grab the prey, and full speed reverse. And leave the ink. Seeing this behavior "live through
the view of the camera is very valuable to a scientist like Gilly. It provides him with an opportunity to actually see how the squid behave in their natural environment.
26 After watching the fascinating film of the red devils, the two men decide that the red light was definitely a great success. Even though the squid could obviously see it, it's clear that they approached much closer to the camera and equipment than they would have if it were white light. Cranston has managed to capture some superb images and Gilly has learned much more about the captivating behavior of these amazing creatures.
27 Seeing the attack behavior of the Humboldt squid has helped Dr. Bob Gilly to further understand something important about the creatures that he's studied for so many years. "It makes you suspect that they have incredible intelligence, he clarifies, "to see this exploration-type behavior. And I certainly believe they have a lot of intelligence. After seeing the encounter with Bob Cranston and his equipment, it's easy to believe that these animals may indeed be quite intelligent. The discoveries found on research trips like Gilly's not only add to scientists knowledge bases about these mysterious animals, they may also add to the world's fascination with the ocean's red devils.
tag vt. put a tracking device on an animal to follow its movements
ferocious adj. vicious; fierce
jumbo adj. very large; giant
gauge n. a measurement device
dusk n. nightfall; sunset
camouflage n. a way of hiding something by making it look like its surroundings dwell vi. live
hose n. a flexible tube
eerie adj. strange; weird
grab a hold of (something) take into one’s hand
superb adj. excellent
Reading Comprehension
1. What's one reason Humboldt squid are called "red devils ?
A. They spray a red ink.
B. They can grow as large as six feet.
C. They live at great depths in the ocean.
D. They can be very aggressive.
2. Cranston doesn't begin his dive until nightfall because ________.
A. it's safer for him to approach the squid after dusk
B. the squid will rise to a barely accessible depth under the sea
C. that's when the giant squid come out to forage in the sea
D. he can film the giant squid better with red light at night
3. What does the fisherman say about the giant squid in Paragraph 7?
A. They are deadly.
B. They taste good.
C. They completely ate his friend.
D. They jump on boats sometimes.
4. A "rebreather is NOT able to ________.
A. filter out carbon dioxide
B. let a diver stay down for 11 hours
C. warn a diver when oxygen levels are low
D. add oxygen to a diver's inhaled breaths
5. What does Cranston worry about in Paragraph 15?
A. Breathing in carbon dioxide.
B. Being eaten by a squid.
C. Getting sleepy during the long dive.
D. Being without his diving equipment underwater.
6. Why is filming the squid a dangerous commitment for Cranston?
A. Because he has to use a totally new equipment.
B. Because he knows little about the giant squid.
C. Because he has to go very deep underwater.
D. Because he has to bring a camera into the sea.
7. How does Dr. Bob Gilly feel after watching the fascinating film of the red devils?
A. He is jealous of Cranston's unforgettable experience.
B. He is thankful for Cranston's coming back safely.
C. He is amazed by the intelligent behavior of the squid.
D. He is anxious to go diving to see the red devils himself.
8. Like many deep-dwelling creatures, Humboldt squid aren't _______________________ _____________ since red is the first color to disappear in the ocean.
9. It is said that Squid squirt their ink as a way of _______________________________________.
10. According to Cranston, the red devils come in and reverse __________________ when they hunt their prey.
1.D
2.B
3.A
4.C
5.D
6.D
7.C
8.very sensitive to red light
9.keeping away possible predators 10.at full speed
audio SCRIPT
The Jumbo vs. The Colossal Squid
Squid are among the least understood of all invertebrates. For centuries sailors have reported squid-like monsters so large that they would be capable of destroying entire ships. Only recently, however, have biologists been able to determine the truth about these strange creatures. They are also now able to categorize many of them by genus, a more general category of animal types, as well as by species. Two such enormous squid are the jumbo squid and the colossal squid.
The Jumbo Squid
The jumbo squid, also known as the Humboldt squid, has been sighted in the Pacific Ocean from the tip of South America to the coast of California. Recently, some have appeared as far north as Alaska, raising questions about the effects of
global warming on the species. Some researchers suggest that they are moving further north because the northern oceans are warming, while others believe that declining numbers of predators have allowed the jumbo squid to expand their territories.
One unusual feature of the jumbo squid is its ability to radically change its color from reddish-purple to pure white. The red color is useful to the squid when hunting for food since red is not easily visible to fish and other creatures in the darkness of the ocean depths. This species is also known to be quite aggressive and Mexican divers who have encountered them underwater have given them the name diablos rojos, or “red devils.”
The Colossal Squid
For many years, little was known about the species of squid called the “colossal squid.” It was first identified in 1925 when scientists discovered two huge squid tentacles in a whale’s stomach. The term “colossal squid” was created in 2004 when a group of fishermen off the coast of New Zealand accidentally caught a six-meter-long squid. They took their find to a research center where experts confirmed that it was indeed an example of the largest species of squid known to science. The word “colossal” was used to distinguish it from its smaller relative, the giant squid. Although scientists had examined similar squid in the past, those animals were found dead and their bodies were not complete or in good condition. The researchers in New Zealand were extremely excited because this was only the second time in history that scientists were provided with the opportunity to do a thorough examination of an undamaged example of a colossal squid.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to go through the questions before they listen to the passage.
2. Play the audio.
3. Have students compare the answers in pairs.
4. Have students summarize the main idea of the listening passage.
II. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the audio.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
III. 1. Have students repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice and then write the sentences.
2. Have students listen again, and mark the word stress on content words with a stress mark (?).
3. Have students listen to each sentence and draw an upward arrow ? for rising intonation, or a downward arrow ? for falling intonation.
4. Have students listen again and draw a curved line ? to mark any words that are linked or blended together.
5. Have students practice reading the sentences till they can say them using appropriate intonation and stress pattern.
IV. 1. Explain to students that they are going to work on a brief introduction to the two marine creatures.
Unit 1 lexf Organization
II. More Synonyms in Context 1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off. 3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.
- 90 - Appendix I III. Usage 1)But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health. 2)A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it. 3)It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work 1)Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep. 4)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early. 5)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes. ■ Structure 1. 1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by 30 percent. 2)To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed. 3)To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans. 4)We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you during the coming Christmas. 2. 1) These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile. 2)By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the Yangtze River. 3)Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United States at the age of four. ■ 4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States for about 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A) 1. invasion 3. Conquest 5. launching 7. campaign 9. reckon with 2. s tand in the way 4. c atching... off his guard 6. d eclaration 8. d rag on 10. b ringing...to a
Unit1 Ways of Learning Vocabulary I 1. 1)insert 2)on occasion 3)investigate 4)In retrospect 5)initial 6)phenomena 7)attached 8)make up for 9)is awaiting 10)not; in the least 11)promote 12)emerged 2. 1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3)as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1)be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating 2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to 3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superior II 1. 1)continual 2)continuous 3)continual 4)continuous 2. 1)principal 2)principal 3)principle 4)principles
Unit 1 Roll over, Beethoven! Listening skills: Making inferences Listen to the dialogs and choose the best answer to each question you hear 1 (A) She’s too busy to go to the concert. (B) She'll go with the man soon. (C) She prefers to go to the movies instead. (D) She'll go with the man next time. 2 (A) The man should check in the car before it is too late. (B) The purse might be in the car. (C) The woman might find the purse around the car. (D) It is too late to look for the purse. 3 (A) She likes a CD on thieves and robbers. (B) The man looks like a pirate. (C) She will probably buy the CD. (D) She won't buy the CD. 4 (A) The singer might win in a beauty contest. (B) The singer is a very pretty woman. (C) The singer is unattractive. (D) No votes were cast for the singer at the beauty contest.
Unit 1 Sports Part C Short Conversations You’re going to hear five short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the right answers to the questions you hear. 1. a. Basketball. b. Volleyball. c. Table tennis. d. Tennis. 2. a. Boxing is one of his favorite sports. b. Boxing is the only kind of sport he likes. c. He doesn’t like boxing at all. d. He doesn’t like boxing very much. 3. a. He finds it too long. b. He thinks it could be more exciting. c. He doesn’t like it at all. d. He likes it, but not very much. 4. a. H e doesn’t know how to play chess. b. He doesn’t like playing chess very much. c. He can’t play chess well. d. He’s a good chess player. 5. a. He was a good football player in high school. b. He kept track of the football players and games when he was in high school. c. He shows no interest in football now. d. He’s busy playing golf as well as football now. Script: 1. W: I like playing basketball, volleyball and table tennis. What about you? M: Well, tennis is my favorite sport. Q: Which sport does the man like? 2. W: You don’t like boxing very much, do you? M: It’s far from being my kind of sport. Q: What does the man mean? 3. W: I think yesterday’s football game was quite exciting. What about you, John? M: You said it. But it was a bit long. Q: What does the man think about the football game? 4. W: Do you like to play chess? M: I like the game, but I don’t play it often enough. I’m afraid I’m not a very good player. Q: What does the man mean? 5. M: I knew the names of all the football players and the dates of all the games in my high school days. But recently I have failed to keep up with football. W: Now you’re busy with your golf games. Q: What do you know about the man from the conversation? Unit 2 Food and Drinks
Unit 1 Outside view Activity 1 Activity 2 one of the best universities most talented students well-known around the world have open doors good social life you want it to be on another campus it's a fun place go to concerts during the week Activity 3 library system online three / 3 four / 4 Brian leisure purposes the libraries listening in
Passage 1 1.2 2. 6 3.1 4.5 5.3 6.4 to Passage 1 again and rearrange the answers in the right column to match those questions in the left column. Ceahbgdf Passage 2 OC/O/C/O/C/C/O/C/O/OC to Passage 2 again and choose the best way to complete the sentences BDDBA Test CCBBD CDBCB C Unie 2 Outside view Activity 1 the video clip and match the speakers with the statements. K/K/T/S/T/K/S/K Activity 2
Key to Exercises of College English Book 2 Unit 1 ★Text A Vocabulary I. insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not…in the least 11) promote 12) emerg ed 2. 1) There is a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 【 3) The city’s importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1) be picked up, can’t accomplish, am exaggerating 2) somewhat, performance, have neglected, they apply to 3) assist, On the other hand, are valid, a superior II. 1. 1) continual 2) continuous 3) continual 4) continuous 2. 1) principal 2) principal 3) principle 4) principles 5) principal III. : 1. themselves 2. himself/herself 3. herself/by herself/on her own 4. itself 5. ourselves 6. yourself/ by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercise I. Cloze 1. 1) contrast 2) exaggerating 3) priority 4) on the other hand 5) promoting 6) pick up 7) assist 8) accomplish 9) on occasion 10) neglecting 11) worthwhile 12) superior 2. 1) end 2) perform 3) facing 4) competent 5) equipped 6) designed 7) approach 8) rest 9) definitely 10) quality II. Translation ； 1. 1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition. 2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience. 3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age. 4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it 5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating. 2. To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without
Part1 Exercise2 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C Exercise3 1.football,basketball,baseball 2.steady,boyfriend 3.guess,realized 4.broke,up 5.in,group 6.save,up 7.here,comes 8.happened,to 9.not,at,all 10.except,for Part2 Listening2 Exercise1 1)kind 2)gold 3)heartless 4)love 5)songs 6)says 7)touch 8)lifetime 9)gone 10)happens 11)feelings 12)speed listening3 exercise1 B Part3 Practice1 1)gaze 2)sighs 3)touch 4)hugs 5)such 6)words 7）praises 8)understands 9)lends 10)holds Practice2 Exercise1 C Exercise2 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.F Practice3 1)learning 2)admire 3)vocabulary 4)loving 5)relationship 6)connections 7)experiences 8)remembering 9)proud 10)try 11)body 12)expressions 13)willingness 14)fears 15)pace 16)best 17)jokes 18)fondness 19)laugh 20)with Practice4 Exercise1 D Exercise2 1.unsuccessful,marriages 2.failed,relationships 3.dreamed,of 4.words,action 5.men,natural Part4 Section1 1.2.3.5.7.8.9.11.tick Section2 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B Section3 1.perfect 2.half,full 3.ashamed 4.failure 5.apologized 6.house 7.side 8.flower,seeds 9.watered 10.pick
summarize not …in the least critical in retrospect make up for in itial phe nomenon await 1) To use the mach ine, first the correct coins, the n select the drink you want and press the butt on. 2) Professor Smith tran slated not only from the French but also, , __________ from the Polish. 3) Food chemists will the health food on sale to see if it really does give the ben efits claimed. 4) ______, it was the wrong time to open a new data processing center in this city. 5) My reaction to the news was relief, but as I thought more about it I bega n to feel an gry. 6) A full understanding of mathematics is sufficient to explain a wide variety of n atural . ______ 7) Make sue the label is firmly to the parcel before you mail it. 8) My boyfriend bought me dinner to being late the day before. 9) The committee a decision from the head office before it takes any actio n. 10) The little girl did __________ seem to be _____ ed of being left by herself in the house. 11) The WTO (=World Trade Organization) is intended to trade among its member states. 12) When the moon from behind the clouds I made out a figure moving in the dista nee. bless consequenee curiosity sen time nt dated emoti onal genuine primarily seem in gly abrupt nothing more tha n wear and tear con fusi on deny tickle in con trast to 1) Prof. Williams says that mycomposition is good except for the ending which seems too . ______ 2) Sufferi ng from insomnia for several days, Ann went to see her doctor and was told that the problem was more than physical. 3) The orga ni zer of the charity concert said, “ I ask all of you to join me in praying that God will those who have given so generously for the poor and n eedy. 4) The in sura nee policy does not cover damage to goods caused by no rmal . _____ 1. Vocabulary promote performa nee emerge attach in vestigate on occasi on in sert in due course
新视野大学英语第三版第二册视听说答案 Unit 1 Sharing Task 2 (1) new things (2) At the moment (3) quite difficult Task 3 1, 3, 7, 8 Task 4 1. (1) ever learned 2. (1) a combination 3. Learning to drive 4. (1) nine cases 5. French 6. hated Listening Task 2 Activity 1 e-c-a-g-d-h-b-f Activity 2 (1) speak (2) saying the wrong (3) native speakers (4) pronunciation (2) found (2) body movements (2) by most standards (5) talking to himself (6) making mistakes (7) listening skills (8) listening Activity 3 1. (1) embarrassed 2. anything you like 3. (1) voice 4. (1) how it sounds 5. on the Internet 6. sound like Viewing Task 2 Activity 1 BABA Activity 2 DABAD
Role-play Task 2 Activity 1 1 Activity 2 G：1, 3, 5 (2) hear (2) pronunciation (2) the news (3) English television R ：2, 4, 6, 7 Activity 3 1. (1) 2. (1) 3. (1) 4. (1) you should eat should not spend Why don't it's a good (2) (2) (2) (2) a good You're am not sure that's suppose so Conversations Task 1 BDDCA Task 2 CDAC Passage Task 1 DACD Task 2 (1) alternative (2) numerous (3) traditional (4) academic (5) countryside (6) athletes (7) take advantage of (8) Secondary (9) in a collective effort (10) serve as Unit 2 Sharing Task 2 (1) different countries (2) home (3) places (4) cultures Task 3 1, 4, 5 Task 4 1. mature 2. airport 3. theater
New Standard English Book 4 Unit 1 Inside view Conversation 1 2. Janet : go back to China,do my master’s (which means going back to university),live in London,become a teacher,work in publishing,apply for a job at London Time Off,update my CV and look for jobs together. Andy: leave London,go to China,look for jobs together. 3. the true statements are 2 and 8. Conversation 2 5. 1.Joe was a gofer before he became a researcher for Lift Off UK. 2.Andy wants Joe’s job as a producer. 6. 1(d) 2(d) 3(a) 4(c) 7. 1 It’s not always very easy working with 2.How did he end up in London 3.the least experienced person 4.He’s good at his job 5.He’s confident and very competent 6.I get on with him quite well Everyday English 8. 1(b) 2(b) 3(a) 4(a) 5(b) Outside view 2. the true statements Samantha agrees with are:1,2,3 and 4. 4. 1.She needs to improve her interview techniques to help her to get a job 2.She doesn’t know how to answer the questions and give answers that might lead her failure in a job interview. 3.She doesn’t understand what the interviewer is actually looking for. 4.That you need to be well prepared for an interview. It boils down to preparation,presentation and understanding what the interviewer is looking for. 5. 1.professional job coach 2.research on the position and the company 3.having not practised with some of the questions 4.how you present yourself 5.what the interviewer is actually looking for 6.preparation,presentation and understanding 7.in relationship to the job 8.some examples in your life 9.dealing with problems 7. the pieces of advice the speakers give are:1,3,5,7,8,9,10 and 11. Listening in Passage 1
Unit 1 Outside view Activity 1 Activity 2 one of the best universities most talented students well-known around the world have open doors good social life you want it to be on another campus it's a fun place go to concerts during the week Activity 3 library system online three / 3 four / 4 Brian leisure purposes the libraries listening in Passage 1 1.2 2. 6 3.1 4.5 5.3 6.4 to Passage 1 again and rearrange the answers in the right column to match those
questions in the left column. Ceahbgdf Passage 2 OC/O/C/O/C/C/O/C/O/OC to Passage 2 again and choose the best way to complete the sentences BDDBA Test CCBBD CDBCB C Unie 2 Outside view Activity 1 the video clip and match the speakers with the statements. K/K/T/S/T/K/S/K Activity 2 2.3.5 Activity 3 regarded along communicating But If during how as plays less LISTENING IN Passage 1 to Passage 1 and match the colours with the characteristics
第一单元 Outside view 1. 1 2 3 4 2.interview techniques lead in looking for boils down 3.professional job coach doing research practiced with present yourselfinterviewerpresentation and understanding in relationship to the jobsome examples dealing with problems 4. 1 3 5 7 8 9 10 11 5.what Samantha was doing wrong in her first job interview what she should do in future interviews Talk 1.B C A C 2.C A D Passage 1 1. 2.B D A D C Passage 2
Unite test DBACA BCDAD BDBC 第二单元 Outside view 1. 3 4 6 1.It's best suited to the download generation. Although the interview says "No one in the industry is suggesting the conventional bookshop is dead", the figures discussed indicate that the conventional bookshop will lose out to digital publishing. Downloadable books sell more than hardbacks and paperbacks. The e-book is delivered in a very convenient way. 2.undergoing a fundamental change600consuming content get it editedclick of a few buttons earning money for an author never really catch on Talk 1.B D A D 2.C B A
新视野大学英语视听说教程2答案第二版完整答案 Unit 1 Roll over, Beethoven! II Listening skills 1-5: B B D C A III Listening in Task 1: 1-5: F T F T F Task 2: 1-5: B B D A C Task 3: 1-5: classical, peaceful, relaxing, Jazz, sadness 6-10: heavy metal, energy, sporting events, physical labor, road accidents V Let’s talk 1-8: Good Morning to All, success, musical talents, without, second part, replaced, legal action, real owners VI Further listening and speaking Task 1: 1-6: special, joke, talent, proud, loud, joy 7-12: honesty, dancer, talk, wondered, capture, fan Task 2: 1-5: B A A D C Task 3: 1-5: F F T T T unit test 1-5 CCDBC 1.favorite band 2.Not anymore 3.no longer 4.a big fan 5.collected 6.the ones 7.Going crazy 8.Maybe to you 9.pressure 10.fall in love 11.get it 12.from time to time 13.Go on 14.music video 1-5 BCDDA 1-10 CDABACDCBC Unit 2 What’s on at the cinema?
?全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程课后答案(第二册) Unit1 Ways of Learning Part II Reading Task Comprehension Content Question Pair Work 1.They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing. 2.Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel. 3.They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly. 4.Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity. 5.Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel. 6.He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solve a problem effectively by oneself. 7.He means that this incident pointed to important differences
英语(大学英语视听说上机答案) 第一单元 12/19 take a break why not some other time party available listen without talk to you about researching background work on hoping for break may be it By the way 1A/5 she doesn’t work…… her sch…… she has…… she did not…… she often 1B/5 kind of it’s about right I did past three years paid of earned break the case in comparison to depends on a lot harder in general my roommate way too for myself a balance 2A/5 confident relaxed tense in a bad mood 2B/5 1)How about 2)too 3)Why don’t 4)enough 5)Let’s 6)to walk 3/5 1)am taking 2)work 3)have 4)am writing 5/5 sorry I don’t I’m sorry That’d be —— 第二单元 3/19 money Goss They this on nick 8/19 couldn’t has lost won’t- 10/19 Tali Make He New story she can’t believe