课后分层集训
选修六Unit 1Laughter is good for you Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2017·吉林省部分学校高三模拟)Before I studied psychology，I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred.While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke.When someone laughs at a joke，there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laugh—and the more reasons there are，the more powerful the joke will be.
I was attending a stand-up comedy show in Egypt，and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets，everyone laughed their hearts out.The main reason those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt anger toward pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly.The joke wasn't only funny；it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians.That is，people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.
The better a joke makes a person feel，and the more it includes other psychological factors，the more the person will like it.For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you weren't jealous of him.
In short，we don't laugh only when we hear something funny；we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke.I strongly discourage making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh.All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a person's emotions，he will certainly like it a lot.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者学习心理学后发现，除了笑话本身，还有很多心理因素会促使人们发笑。
1．What did the author find out after studying psychology?
A．Only good jokes make people laugh.
B．Many factors lead to people laughing.
C．Funny things can make people laugh.
D．Laughter can make people healthy.
B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke.”可知，作者学习了心理学后发现，除了笑话本身之外，还有很多心理因素会促使人们发笑。]
2．Why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?
A．They played a trick on the pedestrians.
B．The pedestrians behaved in a funny way.
C．They could feel the pedestrians' happiness.
D．Their emotion was approved of by the show.
D[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The main reason those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt anger toward pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly”可知，人们大笑的主要原因是几乎所有人都对那些粗心过马路的行人感到愤怒，再根据本段中的“people were laughing...because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got”可知，人们大笑一方面是因为笑话本身好笑，另一方面是因为他们这种愤怒的情感在独白喜剧表演中得到了认可。]
3．What does the underlined word“belittling” probably mean?
A．Annoy. B．Blame.
C．Look down on. D．Make up to.
C[词义猜测题。根据文章内容以及画线词前面的“I strongly discourage making fun of anyone or”可知，画线词的感情色彩应与make fun of“取笑”一致，故belittle的意思是“贬低，轻视”，故选C。]
4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
(①＝Paragraph 1②＝Paragraph 2③＝Paragraph 3④＝Paragraph 4)
B[篇章结构题。本文第一段引出论点，第二段和第三段分别举了一个例子来进行论证，第四段的“In short”表明本段是总结段，故文章的结构是总(第一段)→分(第二段、第三段)→总(第四段)。]
B
(2017·广西桂林、北海、崇左市联合调研)If you get scared when you go skydiving，perhaps a good way to cope is to team up with someone who feels the same.A new study suggests sharing your feelings of stress with someone having a similar emotional reaction to the same situation reduces levels of stress more than sharing them with someone who does not.
The study leader Sarah Townsend and her colleagues invited 52 female undergraduates to take part in a study on public speaking where they had to prepare and give a speech that would be recorded on video.Before giving their speeches，the participants were placed in pairs and encouraged to discuss with each other how they felt about the situation.The researchers measured the participants' emotional states，and how threatening they perceived giving a speech to be.They also took measures of the stress hormone cortisol，before，during and after the speech.
The results show that sharing a threatening situation with a person who is in a similar emotional state buffers(缓解) individuals from experiencing the heightened levels of stress.
In other words，says Prof.Townsend，imagine you are facing a stressful situation at work，perhaps an important project with a lot riding on it，and then interacting with a co-worker with a similar emotional profile can help reduce your experience of stress.Prof.Townsend now wants to extend the scope of the research to look at how developing emotional similarity might help people from different cultural
backgrounds who have to work together，for example employees or students.
【语篇解读】一项新的研究发现，与有同样压力的人分享你的情感有助于减小压力。
5．What should you do if you are afraid when you go skydiving?
A．Go to Prof. Townsend.
B．Participate in the study.
C．Team up with someone who feels the same.
D．Reduce stress.
C[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“perhaps a good way to cope is to team up with someone who feels the same”可知，跳伞时如果你感到害怕，你可以和有同样感觉的人结伴。]
6．Who can benefit from Sarah Townsend's findings?
A．People experiencing stress at work.
B．Undergraduates.
C．Researchers and professors.
D．Colleagues.
A[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In other words，says Prof.Townsend，imagine you are facing a stressful situation at work，perhaps an important project with a lot riding on it，and then interacting with a co-worker with a similar emotional profile can help reduce your experience of stress.”可知，Sarah Townsend的发现对在工作上有压力的人会有帮助。]
7．What does the under lined word “perceived” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Persuade. B．Suggest.
C．Feel. D．Point.
C[词义猜测题。根据上文中的“The researchers measured the...threatening”可知，研究人员测试参与者的情感状态以及他们认为演讲有多么吓人。由此可知，画线词意为“觉得，认为”。]
8．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Talking to colleagues helps to increase your stress.
B．People should take part in public speaking.
C．How to deal with your stress.
D．Stress reduces when shared.
D[主旨大意题。根据全文大意可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：与有同样压力的人交流分享可以帮助减小压力。] 【导学号：92872237】Ⅱ.完形填空
(2017·长春七校高三联考)We would all love to learn how to be happy.And sometimes，the __1__ comes from a surprising place.
There was an anthropologist (人类学家) who had been studying the habits and __2__ of a remote African tribe.He had been __3__ in the village for __4__ some time and the day before he was to return home，he put together a gift basket filled with delicious fruits from around the region and __5__ it in a piece of cloth.He placed the basket under a tree and then he __6__ the children in the village.
The man drew a __7__ in the dirt，looked at the children，and said，“When I tell you to __8__，run to the tree and __9__ gets there first will win the basket of the fruits.”When he told them to run，they all __10__ each other's hands and ran together to the tree.Then they __11__ together around the basket and enjoyed their __12__ as a group.
The anthropologist was __13__．He asked why they would all go together when one of them could have won all the fruits for himself or herself.A __14__ girl looked up at him and said __15__，“How can one of us be happy if all the other ones are __16__？”
Years later，the well-known South African activist Desmond Tutu would describe the little girl's __17__ process by using the word ubuntu，which mea ns “I am because __18__ are.”People in that tribe believe that a person is a person through other people.Happiness is the __19__ of combining what we love to do with something that is __20__．
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。我们都想探索快乐的秘诀。非洲的一个部落的文化为我们揭示了快乐的真谛。
1．A.determination B．solution
C．design D．consideration
B[由前文的“learn how to be happy”可知本文旨在探索如何才能快乐，由全
文内容可知，作者以一个人类学家在非洲作研究的故事揭开问题的答案(solution)。]
2．A.culture B．difference
C．origin D．diversity
A[由前文的“the habits and”及后文的内容可知，这个人类学家是在研究一个非洲部落的习惯和文化(culture)。]
3．A.surviving B．searching
C．working D．wandering
C[由前文中的“who had been studying”可知这个人类学家是在一个非洲部落作研究，即工作(working)。]
4．A.quite B．still
C．even D．just
A[由前文中的“had been studying the habits and __2__ of a remote African tribe”可知研究习惯和文化需要花费大量的时间。quite some表示“大量，许多”。]
5．A.decorated B．fixed
C．wrapped D．tied
C[由空后的“in a piece of cloth”可知该果篮用一块布包裹着。wrap“包，裹”符合语境。]
6．A.picked up B．called up
C．cleared up D．gathered up
D[由空后的“the children in the village”以及下文内容可知果篮准备妥当后，这个人类学家把部落里的孩子们集中(gathered up)到一起。]
7．A.line B．picture
C．symbol D．sign
A[由后文中的“run to the tree”“gets there first”可知，此处应是指这个人类学家在地上画了一条起跑线(line)。]
8．A.depart B．escape
C．start D．prepare
C[由后文中的“run to the tree”可知，此处表示当这个人类学家告诉孩子们