2015年秋英国文学
1．第1题
The best-known of all Shelley’s lyrics is
______.
A.Ode to a Skylark
B.Ode to the Nightingale
C.Prometheus Unbound
D.Ode on a Grecian Urn
您的答案：A
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
2．第2题
‘Thou still unravish’d bride of quietness,/
Thou foster-child of silece and slow time,” This
bride refers to ______.
A.a maiden
B.a Grecian urn
C.a nightingale
D.a water-nymph
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
3．第3题
Among the following writers, ______ was known for
his/her psychological insight into the
development of character and falir for country
scenes and speech.
A.Emily Bronte
B.Charlotte Bronte
C.. Dickens
D.George Eliot
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
4．第6题
In the late nineteenth century, modernism
flourished in English literature. Unlike modern
poets and novelists, modem dramatists____
A.a. showed an optimistic emotion toward life
B.did not make innovations in techniques and
forms at all.
C.inherited fully the romantic spirit of the
early 19th century.
D.borrowed a lot from the irrational philosophy
and psychoanalysis.
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
5．第7题
The greatest among the peots living in the second half of the 19th century in England was ______.
A.Robert Browning
B.Alfred Tennyson
C.Swinburne
D.Rossetti
您的答案：A
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
6．第10题
It was ____ who made blank verse the principle vehicle o expression in drama.
A.Christopher Marlowe
B.Christopher Marlowe
C.Edmund Spencer
D.Thomas More
您的答案：A
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
7．第11题
________ is not a character in the novel Ivanhoe.
A.Rowena
B.Rebecca
C.Guilbert
D.Joseph Addison
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
8．第12题
The sentence "three or four families in a country village are the very thing to work on" can best reflect the writer' s personal knowledge and range of writing. This writer is _________.
A.Walter .Scott
B.Thomas Hardy
C.Jane Eyre
D.Jane Austen
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
9．第13题
The Victorian Age ________.
A.closed at the end of the Punic War in 1902.
B.witnessed the confirmation of the Reform Bill in 1832.
C.saw the surge of the Chartist movement.
D.watched the rise and fall of critical realism. 您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
10．第14题
The Canterbury Tales was written for the greater part in ____couplets.
A.elegy
B.sonnet
C.heroic
D.ode
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
11．第15题
The first completely successful novel in Virginia Woolf’s own style is __
A.To the Lighthouse
B.The Waves
C.Three Guineas
D.Mrs. Dalloway
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
12．第16题
___ cannot be a sentimentalist among the following writers.
A.Jonathan Swift
B.Thomas Gray
C.O Goldsmith
D.George Crabbe
您的答案：A
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
13．第19题
Chaucer died in 1400 and was buried in _______.
A.Flanders
B.France
C.Italy
D.Westminster Abbey
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
14．第20题
In Sons and Lovers, D. H. Lawrence presented Paul as a(n) man and artist.
A.independent
B.ambitious
C.strong-willed
D.sensitive
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
15．第21题
Many critics called ________the greatest of Victorian novels.
A.Bleak house
B.Middle March
C.Great Expectations
D.Adam Bede
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
16．第22题
“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” This is the beginning line of ____.
A.Sonnet 29
B.Sonnet 16
C.Sonnet 18
D.Sonnet 14
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：0.0
17．第23题
Romanticism did not _________.
A.endorse the rule of reason.
B.direct attention from the inner world of human spirit to the outer world.
C.view nature as major source of poetic imagery,
D.deny that poetry should be free from all rules. 您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
18．第24题
The Age of Wordsworth---like the Age of Shakespeare---was decidedly an age of _____.
A.Prose
B.Criticism
C.Poetry
D.Drama
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
19．第25题
牋？ Though living in a tempestuous age, ____ did not have a prison experience.
A.John Milton
B.John Bunyan
C.John Donne
D.牋？ Oliver Cromwell
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
20．第26题
Many of Wordsworth’s poems in his Lyrical Ballads were devoted to ____.
A.his patrons
B.Queen Victoria
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3e8559656.html,ndless peasants
D.Coleridge
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
21．第27题
The poem Ozymandias written by _____ is essentially about the transience of the powers and glory once enjoyed by the king.
A.Shelley
B.Byron
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3e8559656.html,ton
D.Blake
您的答案：A
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
22．第28题
Historic events in the period of _______ won’t have appeared in Scott’s novels.
A.the Crusades
B.Puritan revolution
C.restoration
D.Victorian age
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
23．第29题
______ tells of the love, estrangement and eventual reconciliation of the daughter and son of a country miller.
A.Silas Marner
B.Middle March
C.The Mill on the Floss
D.Adam Bede
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
24．第30题
Thomas More gave a profound and truthful picture of the people’s sufferings and put forward his ideal of a future happy society in his ___.
A.The Shepherd’s Calendar
B.Utopia
C.The Rights of Men
D.Sade
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
25．第31题
____cannot be deemed as an enlightener among the following men of letters.
A.Jonathan Swift
B.. Joseph Addison
C.Robert Burns
D.Alexander Pope
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
26．第32题
English Renaissance period was an age of ____.
A.prose and nove
B.poetry and drama
C.essays and journals
D.ballads
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
27．第33题
_____ is considered to be the summit of Shakespeare’s art.
A.King Lear
B.Macbeth
C.Hamlet
D.Othello
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
28．第34题
Daniel Defoe did not write ______
A.Captain Singleton
B.Moll Flanders
C.Colonel Jack
D.Joseph Andrews
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
29．第37题
After Wordsworth and Southey had died, _____ succeeded to the title of poet-laureate.
A.Thomas Hardy
B.Lord Tennyson
C.Robert Browning
D.Oscar Wilde
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
30．第38题
_____ tells a fantastic story of how a youth sold his soul to pursue beauty and fulfillment of the senses by having his portrait age instead of his very person, but his vainness finally driven him into evil.
A.The Picture of Dorian Gray
B.The Picture of Doris Gray
C.The Way of All Flesh
D.The Way of Flesh
您的答案：A
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
31．第39题
In Thomas Hardy's works, the conflict between the old and the modern is very pervasive. His attitude toward those, traditional characters is__.
A.contemptuous
B.sympathetic
C.indifferent
D.exotic
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
32．第40题
. James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man did not _______.
A.describe what the a uthor’s life is like.
B.deal with the relation between the artist and society in modern world.
C.contain autobiographical elements.
D.show how carefully Joyce compressed his material for maximum effect.
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
33．第41题
____ is an earnest attack on the vulgarity and materialism of the rising middle class industrialists.
A.Hard Times
B.Little Dorrit
C.Bleak House
D.Oliver Twist
您的答案：A
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
34．第42题
Much of Charles Dickens‘s youth is infused into his novel____, making it highly autobiographical.
A.Great Expectations
B.David Copperfield
C.Shirley
D.Oliver Twist
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
35．第43题
____ was the most distinguished literary figure of the restoration period.
A.John Milton
B.John Donne
C.John Dryden
D.John Bunyan
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
36．第44题
The chapter about Yahoos and horses of wisdom is in the story of ____.
A.Lilliput
B.Brobdinag
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3e8559656.html,puta
D.Houyhnm
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
37．第45题
The first realistic writer in English literature was _______.
A.Charles Dickens
B.Chaucer
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3e8559656.html,ton
D.Shakespeare
您的答案：B
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
38．第48题
_______ by Bernard Shaw belonged to what he called “Plays Unpleasant.”
A.You Can Never Tell
B.Widower’s House
C.Man and Superman
D.Mrs. Warren’s Profession
您的答案：D
题目分数：2
39．第49题
“The curfew tolls the knell of parting day/ The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea” These lines are taken from ________.
A.Ode on a Grecian Urn
B.Ode to the West Wind
C.Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
D.Elegy on a Sore Toe
您的答案：C
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
40．第50题
The indomitable Puritan spirit finds its noblest expression in ____.
A.John Dryden
B.John Bunyan
C.John Donne
D.John Milton
您的答案：
题目分数：2
此题得分：0.0
41．第4题
1.？？？？？Grendel, Beowulf’s rival, was a monster half-human.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
42．第5题
1.？？？？？Satan is the hero in Milton’s masterpiece Prometheus Unbound.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
43．第8题
1.牋牋？ John Bunyan is the most excellent representative of English classicism in the Restoration period.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
44．第9题
1.牋牋？ Britain had been a Roman province since 410 A.D.
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
45．第17题
1.牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋？ The greatest English playwright of the eighteenth century was Goldsmith, whose best play is The School
您的答案：错误
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
46．第18题1.？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？Chronologically, Jane Austen’s career belongs to the renaissance period. She was a contemporary of Wordsworth and Coleridge.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
47．第35题
1.牋牋營n the eighteenth century English literature, the representative writers of
pre-romanticism is Pope.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
48．第36题1.？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？ My Heart’s in the Highlands is one of the best known poems written by Byron in which he poured his unshakable love for his homeland.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
49．第46题
1.牋牋？ The chief representatives of moderate enlighteners are Swift, Fielding, Smollet and Gray.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：2
此题得分：2.0
50．第47题
1.牋牋牋牋牋牋牋牋？ Blake is the greatest poet Scotland has ever produced.
您的答案：错误
此题得分：2.0
作业总得分：96.0
英国文学源远流长，经历了长期、复杂的发展演变过程。在这个过程中，文学本体以外的各种现实的、历史的、政治的、文化的力量对文学发生着影响，文学内部遵循自身规律，历经盎格鲁-撒克逊、文艺复兴、新古典主义、浪漫主义、现实主义、现代主义等不同历史阶段。下面对英国文学的发展过程作一概述。 一、中世纪文学（约5世纪-1485） 英国最初的文学同其他国家最初的文学一样，不是书面的，而是口头的。故事与传说口头流传，并在讲述中不断得到加工、扩展，最后才有写本。公元5世纪中叶，盎格鲁、撒克逊、朱特三个日耳曼部落开始从丹麦以及现在的荷兰一带地区迁入不列颠。盎格鲁-撒克逊时代给我们留下的古英语文学作品中，最重要的一部是《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf），它被认为是英国的民族史诗。《贝奥武甫》讲述主人公贝尔武甫斩妖除魔、与火龙搏斗的故事，具有神话传奇色彩。这部作品取材于日耳曼民间传说，随盎格鲁-撒克逊人入侵传入今天的英国，现在我们所看到的诗是8世纪初由英格兰诗人写定的，当时，不列颠正处于从中世纪异教社会向以基督教文化为主导的新型社会过渡的时期。因此，《贝奥武甫》也反映了7、8世纪不列颠的生活风貌，呈现出新旧生活方式的混合，兼有氏族时期的英雄主义和封建时期的理想，体现了非基督教日耳曼文化和基督教文化两种不同的传统。 公元1066年，居住在法国北部的诺曼底人在威廉公爵率领下越过英吉利海峡，征服英格兰。诺曼底人占领英格兰后，封建等级制度得以加强和完备，法国文化占据主导地位，法语成为宫廷和上层贵族社会的语言。这一时期风行一时的文学形式是浪漫传奇，流传最广的是关于亚瑟王和圆桌骑士的故事。《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight，1375-1400）以亚瑟王和他的骑士为题材，歌颂勇敢、忠贞、美德，是中古英语传奇最精美的作品之一。传奇文学专门描写高贵的骑士所经历的冒险生活和浪漫爱情，是英国封建社会发展到成熟阶段一种社会理想的体现。 14世纪以后，英国资本主义工商业发展较快，市民阶级兴起，英语逐渐恢复了它的声誉，社会各阶层普遍使用英语，为优秀英语文学作品的产生提供了条件。杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer， 1343-1400）的出现标志着以本土文学为主流的英国书面文学历史的开始。《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales）以一群香客从伦敦出发去坎特伯雷朝圣为线索，通过对香客的生动描绘和他们沿途讲述的故事，勾勒出一幅中世纪英国社会千姿百态生活风貌的图画。乔叟首创英雄诗行，即五步抑扬格双韵体，对英诗韵律作出了很大贡献，被誉为"英国诗歌之父".乔叟的文笔精练优美，流畅自然，他的创作实践将英语提升到一个较高的文学水平，推动了英语作为英国统一的民族语言的进程。 二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期-17世纪初） 相对于欧洲其他国家来说，英国的文艺复兴起始较晚，通常认为是在15世纪末。文艺复兴时期形成的思想体系被称为人文主义，它主张以人为本，反对中世纪以神为中心的世界观，提倡积极进取、享受现世欢乐的生活理想。托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More， 1478-1535）是英国最主要的早期人文主义者，他的《乌托邦》（Utopia）批评了当时的英国和欧洲社会，设计了一个社会平等、财产公有、人们和谐相处的理想国。Utopia现已成为空想主义的代名词，但乌托邦是作者对当时社会状况进行严肃思考的结果。《乌托邦》开创了英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河，这一传统从培根的《新大西岛》（The New Atlantis）、斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》（Gulliver's Travels）、勃特勒的《埃瑞璜》（Erewhon）一直延续到20世纪
必读英美文学经典作品20本 American Literature 1、The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Howthorne《红字》霍桑著 小说惯用象征手法，人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩，在描写中又常把人的心理活
动和直觉放在首位。因此，它不仅是美利坚合众国浪漫主义小说的代表作，同时也被称作 是美利坚合众国心理分析小说的开创篇。 2、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain 《哈克贝利.芬历险记》 简称《赫克》是美国文学中的珍品,也是美国文化中的珍品。十六年前【1984】 ,美国文坛为《赫克》出版一百周年举行了广泛的庆祝活动和学术讨论,也出版了一些研究马克吐温,特别是他的《赫克》的专著。专门为一位大作家的一本名著而举行如此广泛的纪念和专门的研究,这在世界文坛上也是少有的盛事。这是因为《赫克》的意义不一般. 美国著名作家海明威说, "一切现代美国文学来自一本书, 即马克吐温的《赫克尔贝里芬历险记》……这是我们所有书中最好的。一切美国文学都来自这本书,在它之前,或在它之后,都不曾有
过能与之媲美的作品。 3、The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James 《贵妇画像》 亨利.詹姆斯著】 美国小说家亨利·詹姆斯的《贵妇画像》自问世以来一直受到文学评论界的关注，专家学者已从各个不同角度对女主人伊莎贝尔·阿切尔作了深入细致的研究。本文试图从一个全新的视角，即跨文化交际角度，剖析伊莎贝尔在婚姻方面所作的选择。文章指出她是该小说中跨文化交际的最大失败者，并对其失败原因作了分析。希望在跨文化交际日益频繁的今天我们都能从伊莎贝尔的生活经历中得到某种启发。
第7章18世纪(1688～1798) 7.1 复习笔记 Ⅰ. Historical background（历史背景） With the ascent of the bourgeoisie cultural life，some special features are worthy of our notice: 随着市民阶层文化生活的提升，以下几点值得我们的注意： (1) Political writings（政治写作） The rise of the political parties and their rivalry called forth writers，literary men willing to work for either party in order to help either of them win more votes. 政党的崛起，他们的竞争对手召集作家进行创作，而作家们一般都愿意帮助其中任何一派来替他们拉选票。 (2) Newspapers and journals（报纸和期刊） With the coming of the 18th century a new mass media came into being. Both parties printed newspapers as a means to express their views. Besides, the rise of the middle class also helped the growth of the newspapers. 随着18世纪的到来，一种新的媒介开始形成。双方政党都印刷报纸作为宣传他们主张的媒介。此外，正在上升的中产阶级也推动了报业的发展。 (3) Coffeehouses（咖啡屋） In the latter half of the 17th century and throughout the 18th century, the coffeehouses in London served as informal meeting houses for men of all classes,
美式论文、报告写作技巧 编者按：美式教育地特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用,因此,报告便成了常见地考核学生学习成果地方式,比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文<含毕业论文）等.研究生presentation 及seminar 地机会更是占很大地比重,有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例.如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好地成绩,是本文提供给有志留学地有心人参考地目地. 美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯,在启发式地教育环境下,写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生,虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强,但是表达能力由於自小培养,加上英语能力地优势,常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹地利基.反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作地训练,因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦,其实论文、报告地写作要领其实不难,只要把握技巧就可水到渠成. 通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries>,本文(Texts>以及参考资料(References>三部分构成；而这三大部分各自内容如下： (一> 篇首： 封面(Title> 序言(Preface> 谢词(Acknowledge> 提要(Summary> 目录(Tables and Appendixes> (二> 本文： 引言(Introduction> 主体,含篇(Part>、章(Chapter>、节(Section> 、以及注释 (Footnotes> (三>参考资料： 参考书目(References or Bibliography> 附录资料(Appendix>. 进行论文或报告写作之前,先要确定想要表达地主题,主题确定后,将其具体表达,即为题目.题目可以提供研究者： 一.研究地方向 二.研究地范围 三.资料搜集地范围 四.预期研究成果 通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究,建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资料来源可供参考引用.构思为确定写作大纲或Proposal 地先前步骤, 大纲是论文、报告地骨干, Proposal 是研究地架构、流程及范围地说明书.如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前地必要准备工作.好地论文或研究报告,要基于在完整、详实地资料上,而参考资料除了和教授商借之外,最主要地来源就是图书馆了,一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、政府机构地报告、科技或商业方面地杂志,及会议性质地资料.此外现代地电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料,在国外可利用学校地电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要地资料.当一切准备就绪,即可开始着手写报告,一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告,及小报告如 Seminar 式地报告. 就算是小报告,也至少应含 (一>TITLE PAGES ：包含主题名称、作者、日期 (二>Summary：即主要地结论 (三>Introduction：包括理论背景及内容 (四>Technical Sections：是论文地主体,为最重要地部份应再细分为几个片断. (五>Conclusions：即扼要地结论
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法） 例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。 小说观点：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式
Interpretation of “Bartleby” 2012 English Class, 1204402019, Crush Abstract Herman Melville?s tale “Bartleby”is one of those highly acclaimed symbolic short stories in the 19th century. Bartleby is an exploited worker in the capitalistic prison—Wall Street. To some critics, he is “a Thoreau-like practitioner of passive resistance”or “an autobiographical projection of Melville as alienated author.”1In this article, I am going to concentrate on the dark, ruthless commercial society and its defective capitalist values the narrator wants to reveal in “Bartleby”; specifically, I will illustrate how the narrator?s failure to understand the existence of Bartleby and to help him indicates the limitations of rationalism. Further more, I will also try to explain what does Bartleby really need, and how can people really save him from terrible forlornness. Key words Bartleby society limitation rationalism capitalist values Melville?s “Bartleby”is narrated by the first-person narrator, as he describes himself, is “a man who, from his youth upwards, has been filled with a profound conviction that the easiest way of life is the best…one of those unambitious lawyers who never addresses a jury, or in any way draws down public applause; but in the cool tranquility of a snug retreat, do a snug business among rich men?s bonds and mortgages and title-deeds.” He is quite satisfied with his profitable life. He is proud of himself in his successful business and proudly attached that he was once employed and praised by John Jacob Astor: “All who know me consider me an eminently safe man. The late John Jacob Astor, a personage little given to poetic enthusiasm, had no hesitation in pronouncing my first grand point to be prudence; my next method.”The narrator is a typical business man of Wall Street—the epitome of the increasing urbanized, capital-driven society. The author does not set Wall Street as the backdrop randomly, but uses it 1(journal articles) Y on-jae Jung, “The Poe-esque Elements in Melville?s…Bartleby the Scrivener?”, Foreign Literature Studies 4 (2009), p. 63.
Charlotte Bronte 24 Charlotte’s works are all about the struggle of an individual consciousness towards self-realization, about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love, understanding and a full, happy life. In her mind, man’s life is composed of perpetual battle between sin and virtue, good and evil. Besides, she is a writer of realism combined with romanticism. On one hand, she presents a vivid realistic picture of the English society by exposing the cruelty, hypocrisy and other evils of the upper classes, and by showing the misery and suffering of the poor. On the other hand, her writings are marked throughout by an intensity of vision and of passion. Idylls of the King 53 Idyll is a short poem describing an incident of country life in terms of idealized innocence and contentment, or any such episode in a poem or prose work. The term is virtually synonymous with pastoral poem. The title of Tennyson’s Idylls of the King, a sequence of Arthurian romance, bears little relation to the usual meaning. The Ring and the Book 64 The publication of the Ring and the Book established Browning’s position as one of the greatest English poets. My Last Duchess 63 Dramatic monologue is a kind of poem in which a single fictional or historical character other than the poet speaks to a silent “ audience” of one or more persons. Such poems reveal not the poet’s own thoughts but the mind of the impersonated character, whose personality is revealed unwittingly. It is in Browning’s hands that this poetic form reaches its maturity and perfection. “ Pippa Passes”, “ My Last Duchess,”The Bishuop Orders His Tomb”, “ The Ring and the Book” What does Wordsworth’s poem “ the Solitary Reaper” tell us about Romanticist? 1To romanticists. Poetry i s an expression of an individual’s feelings and experiences no matter how fragmentary and momentary these feelings and experiences are. 2 Romanticists take delight only in sound effect, the theme of a work is not their concern. 3Romanticists are not patient people; they would leave before the revelation of the theme. 4 Poetry should present the apparent and tangible. 2. The Romantic period is an age of poetry. Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron and Keats are the major poets. They started a rebellion against the neoclassical literature, which was later regarded as _______. A. the poetic romance B. the poetic movement C. the poetic revolution D. the poetic reformation 4. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following except __________. the using of everyday language spoken by the common people the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings the humble and rustic life as subject matter elegant wording and inflated figures of speech
“英美文学作品赏析”课程简介 一、课程简介 “英美文学作品赏析”(“Appreciation of British and American Literary Works”)是依据教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》中的较高要求，为非英语专业大学生开设的“语言文化”类课程。课程以阅读名家名作精彩片段为主，以欣赏相关作品音频、视频片段为辅，通过阅读、讲授、讨论、表演、诵读、赏析等生动活泼的形式，使学生了解英美两国文学简史，理解经典作品的主要艺术特色。本课程从考勤、学习过程、期末开卷考试三方面评估学生的学习情况。通过听、读、说、写、译的综合训练，致力于培养学生运用英语学科基础知识、运用文学常识鉴赏评析作品的能力。在轻松愉快的氛围中，提高学生的团队合作、创造性思维、跨文化交际能力，增强学生对英美文学、文化的兴趣与感悟力，促进学生语言基本功和人文修养的提高。 二、课程内容 课程共48学时，主要内容为：
三、课程考核 本课程的考查方式为：过程管理评估+期末考试评估 过程管理部分的考核构成学生平时成绩，占期末总成绩的40%；期末考试卷面成绩占期末总成绩的60%，即： 学生学期成绩=平时成绩40%+期末考试成绩60% 平时成绩=出勤40%+课堂表现20%+作业40% （作业包括翻译、课堂陈述、课堂表演、写作等灵活多样的形式） 期末考试方式：开卷考试（内容：英美文学常识，作品选段理解，作品选段分析等）四、选课指南 “英美文学作品赏析”是一门文化素养课。课程信息量大、文化内涵丰富，意图拓宽学生知识面，加深其英美国家文化底蕴，提高其人文修养。课程组在教学中力图做到精选作家、作品选段，精心选择相应的音频、视频选段，自制优美的PPP课件，精心组织教学活动，力争通过诵读、观赏、跟读、翻译、表演、陈述等丰富多彩的活动调动同学们的积极性，使其积极参与课堂活动。不少同学反映该课程对他们的英语学习和知识扩展有很大帮助，对英美作家的心路历程和写作历程感受颇深，自己“受益匪浅”。摘录同学评价如下： *“我学习到了很多，更收获到了自己心里憧憬已久的东西，感觉很是幸福。” “该课给了我接触文学，了解文学的机会。在现在这个物欲横流的社会，……我们需要一
查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens, 1812.2.7.～1870.6.9.）是19世纪英国文坛上的璀璨明星，也是世界文学史上一位伟大作家。在读者眼里，他是一位批判现实主义小说家，以揭露、批判英国资本主义社会而闻名于世。在他的作品中，我们既可看到苦难的穷人、失业工人、可怜的学徒，甚至童工、孤儿寡母、小资产阶级的破产者，又能面对正直的医生、公道的律师、慈善的银行家和有德行的资本家。可见，狄更斯一方面谴责自己所处时代英国社会的黑暗与弊端，如议会政治和司法制度；另一方面，他又满怀同情叙写一个个不同的社会角色，显示了对人性探索的深刻性和浓厚的幽默情调。他的创作具有鲜明的道德意图，笔尖流淌的是强烈的民主精神、人道主义精神和“圣诞精神”，总能散发出一股生活的希望和人性的温暖。 作为文学家，狄更斯的成就举世瞩目。他创造了丰厚的精神财富，其创作不仅是时代和社会的图景，将19世纪英国维多利亚时代的风貌刻画得淋漓尽致，而且体现出一种独特的现世情怀和广博的人文关怀，其中蕴涵着社会观、宗教观、教育观、政治观、人生观和伦理观等，让后人从中获得启迪。虽然狄更斯的社会价值观与所处时代英国社会富足和贫穷共存的悖论紧密相联，但他始终秉持人道主义情怀和社会正义感，深刻揭露和批判英国社会的阴暗面及弊端。难怪革命导师马克思在谈论英国著名作家时也充分肯定狄更斯的伟大成就，并将其归入杰出小说家行列，认为像狄更斯这样的作家“在自己卓越的、描写生动的作品中向世界揭示的政治和社会真理，比一切职业政客、政治家和道德家加在一起所揭示的还要多2”。狄更斯观察事物的敏锐程度是罕见的，其犀利的文笔也是值得后人效仿的。美国的赫尔曼·麦尔维尔、赛珍珠，中国的老舍、张天翼都曾受他影响。 在狄更斯的手里，文学发挥了独特的社会功能。他通过人物世俗性的描写来反映历史变革时期的社会风貌和人物的内心感受，从早期人物理想化的乐观形象到后期人物愤懑、哀伤和绝望态度，无不堪称天才之笔。诚如哈罗德·布鲁姆所言，在英国作家中，“也许只有狄更斯，在世界性的影响上可以与莎士比亚匹敌，他的作品与莎士比亚的作品、《圣经》和《古兰经》一样，都代表了我们所能感受到的真正的多元文化主义4”他的创作实践和艺术思想应该属于全人类，至今依然是值得开掘的艺术瑰宝，具有当下启示： 首先，狄更斯是一位立足于现实生活的现实主义作家。他能以敏锐的目光观察生活，鲜活地刻画各种社会典型，反映时代气息，使笔下人物将个人前途与价值取向同社会联系起来，从而体现出鲜明的社会价值，秉承了艺术家的责任和操守。 其次，狄更斯是一位崇尚艺术革新、追求创作个性和禀赋的独特艺术家。他从一开始就努力摈弃模仿习作时形成的人物脸谱化，尽可能让笔下人物以自身的言行举止来展示形象，让读者自己判断是非，体现了从单一到成熟的实验革新精神。 再则，狄更斯亲眼目睹社会繁荣发展和平稳安定背后所掩饰的各种肮脏龌龊等不尽如人意之处，深刻领略到社会变迁过程中人性的迷失、心灵扭曲和普通人生活的辛酸。他站在人道主义的高度，从政治、经济、文化和道德等方面洞察社会及其弊端，并勇敢地批判各种丑恶社会现象，为民请愿，申张正义。 。狄更斯的作品不断被改编为戏剧、电影、电视，既扩大了狄更斯在读者心目中的影响，也大大拓展了狄更斯研究的领域。狄更斯专注所处时代的视觉娱乐，着迷于再现城市生活复杂性问题，这已成为21世纪狄更斯批评的焦点之一。 如今，家庭、性别、伦理、城市空间和政治意识形态等概念都是西方学者用以阐释狄更斯文学艺术思想的切入点。对狄更斯与小说形式，以及狄更斯与戏剧、电影改编和流传等话题的
英国文学史考试样卷 2012-02-19 15:47:40| 分类：默认分类| 标签：|字号大中小订阅 卷号：（C）（2007年1月）绝密 湖北师范学院外语系专科期末考试试卷 英国文学史 （03级） 考试范围本册全部章节命题 人 胡泽刚 院系外语系 考试形式闭卷课程类别任选学期 20071 专业英语 I. Multiple Choice Questions (20 %): 1. Which of the following is NOT one of James Joyce’s novels? [A]Finnegans Wake [B]To the Lighthouse [C] Ulysses [D] A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man 2.Robinson Crusoe lives on the uninhabited island for _______ years. [A]28 [B] 25 [C] 10 [D] 5 3.G.B. Shaw follows the tradition of Ibsen and wrote _______ dramas.. [A] poetic [B] prose [C] stream-of-consciousness [D] modern 4.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a romance about King Arthur and the _____round-table knight. [A] 7 [B] 12 [C] 20 [D] 30 5.________is often regarded as father of English poetry. [A] Geoffrey Chaucer [B] Edmund Spenser [C] William Shakespeare [D] John Milton 6. The Authorized Version of the bible was completed in 1611 under the care of_______ [A] Elizabeth I [B] Charles I [C] Henry VII [D] James I 7.Francis Bacon was the first English ______. [A] dramatist [B] scientist [C] prose writer [D] essayist 8. William Shakespeare’s dates ar e________. [A] 1476--1625 [B] 1478--1535 [C] 1564--1616 [D] 1608--1674 9. The greatest epic in the English language is _________. [A] Beowulf [B] The Faerie Queene
英国文学名家名著 《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）是英国盎格鲁?撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。史诗的第一部分讲述瑞典青年王子贝奥武甫来到丹麦，帮助丹麦国王赫罗斯加杀死了12年来常来进行夜袭的巨妖格伦德尔及他的母亲；第二部分简述了贝奥武甫继承王位，平安统治50年。后来，他的国土被一条喷火巨龙蹂躏，老当益壮的贝奥武甫与火龙交战，杀死火龙，自己也受了致命伤。 杰弗里?乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer ，1340-1400)是英国文学之父亲和前最杰出的作家。主要作品有《坎特伯雷故事集》等。作品的主要特点是主题、题材、风格、笔调的多样性及描写人对生活的追求的复杂性。他的代表作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）不仅描绘了31位朝圣者的各个社会阶层，而且也反映了他们各自叙述故事的不同风格，读者广泛，对后世影响很大。 威廉?莎士比亚(William Shakespeare ，1564-1616)是文艺复兴时期英国著名的剧作家和诗人。他创作了大量的作品，其中包括喜剧、悲剧和历史剧。他的剧本至今仍在许多国家上演，并为人们所普遍阅读。莎上比亚的作品文才横溢，创造的喜、怒、哀、乐场面使人印象深刻，历久难忘。主要作品有四大悲剧：《奥赛罗》(Othello)、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《麦克白》(Macbeth),《李尔王》(King Lear)；
四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night’s Dream)、《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)、《无事生非》(Much Ado about Nothing)和《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It)等。此外，历史剧《亨利六世》(Henry VI)三部曲，爱情悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）也都很受欢迎。《哈姆雷特》叙述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父报仇，杀死篡夺王位的叔父的故事。《哈姆雷特》里“to be or not to be, that is the question”的成为经典台词。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》描写了一对青年男女因家族间的世仇而不能联姻结果自杀的故事，揭露了封建制度的残酷无情，同时，歌颂了青年男女纯洁坚贞的爱情。 济慈（Keats, 1795一1821）是英国浪漫主义诗人。他出身贫苦，作过医生的学徒，后来才以写诗为业。他对当时英国社会的现实不满，希望在一个“永恒的美的世界”中寻找安身立命之处。他的诗歌以文辞声调之美著称，在艺术上对后代的英国诗人影响很大。主要作品有《伊沙贝拉》(Isabella)、《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale)和《秋颂》(To Autumn)等。 雪莱（Shelley ，1792一 1822）是英国浪漫主义的重要诗人。他生于贵族家庭。他既创作了富于政治思想性的诗，也写了很多优美的抒情诗，特别是爱情诗，显示了不羁的想象，瑰丽的色彩和动人的音韵，这些使他成为英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一。他的主要作品有《麦布女王》(Queen Mab)、《致英国人民之歌》(Song to the
The Literary Principles of the 18th Century English Literature The 18th century was generally considered as “the Age of Reason”. In the period Enlightenment prevailed in England and most European countries. Most of the literary works put significant emphasis on the social order, morality, justice and freedom of human nature, which are the essence of Enlightenment. Reason, which Enlightenment advocated, was the most important mode for the English people in the 18th century. The main tasks of the Enlighteners were to call for the elimination of the feudal remnants and religious ignorance, and to pave the path for the development of the bourgeoisie. The 18th century was of great significance in English history. Owing to the enormous strides in politics and economy, the literature of the century entered the period of prosperity. 1. Historical Background In politics, the “Glorious Revolution” in 1688 made the smooth transition to a constitutional monarchy in peace come into realization, and afterwards Capitalism was definitely established in Britain. After many centuries of wars and civil trifles, the 18th century saw a period for the English people to enjoy peace and tranquility in their social and political life. The power of the monarch was deprived and fell into the hands of the Parliament, which was under the control of two major political parties, the Whigs and the Tories. Even though the Whigs were for the democracy and the Tories were the supporters of the British monarchy, the two parties had no much dispute in economic development and the policy of moderation, which ensured a relatively speedy development of the English society in economy and in democracy. The Act of Union united England, Scotland and Welsh into one country, which laid a foundation for the rise of the British Empire in the middle of the 18th century. In economy, the international trading and the lucrative slave trade brought