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完整高考英语基础知识点

完整高考英语基础知识点
完整高考英语基础知识点

单词短语部分

1.表示“大量、许多”

可数:number/many/dozen/a great number 不可数:a great deal/amount/much 都可以:plenty of/lot/quantity/mass

2.可以修饰形容词比较级:far/even/any/much/rather/a bit/a lot

3.lie躺-lay-lain-lying 撒谎-lied-lied-lying

Lay下蛋-laid-laid-laying

4.can表示能力,be able to表示经过努力,有时态变化

5.receive强调客观接收,accept强调主观接受

6.on account of因为,由于;account for说明原因解释

7.accuse sb of指控某人,sue指控

8.add to增加扩大,add up加起来,add up to总共总计

9.afford负担得起,抽得出时间

10.after以过去为起点,用于过去时态,in以将来为起点,用于将来时态11.ago与过去时连用,before与过去完成时连用

12.in all总计全部,all in all总的说来,at all一点,not at all一点也不

13.almost后接no,none,nothing,never,但不能用not修饰,nearly可以用not修饰more than和too等词前面用almost,不用nearly

14.always与not连用表示未必、有时,例如Crows are not always black.乌鸦未必是黑

色的。

15.be amused at/by/with以?为乐

16.announce指个人郑重其事的宣布,declare指宣布战争、和平、意见、中立等

Declare后不加不定式

17.表示渴望:long for/be anxious for/in anxiety of/have an appetite for/be eager

to do/hunger for/sick for;为某事担忧be anxious about

18.anyone等于anybody,指人不指物,用于主语时谓语动词用单数,用于否定句和条件句any one既可指人,也可指物,指人时常与of连用

19.apart from除?之外,具有besides(处?之外,还?)和except两重意思20.apply to应用运用,apply for申请,apply one's mind to专心于21.approve of赞成同意

22.arm in arm臂挽臂,hand in hand手拉手,shoulder to shoulder/side by side肩并肩

23.arrive in加大地方,arrive at加小地方24.as的用法:

as引导让步状语从句翻译为尽管,必须用倒装:Child as he is,??

as with像?一样,as for sb/sth至于,as to sth至于,as it is照现状as 表示一边?一边(两个动作同时进行),as?as像,如同for表示补充说明原因

25.asleep可以用fast或sound修饰,表示快速入睡和酣畅地睡

26.表达日期和时间:表示某一时刻用on,表示年、月、上下午用in,表示哪一天的上下午

用on,例如on Sunday morning 27.attach?to?把?固定在?上

表示发起攻击的对象on等动词,后面加carry out,make前面用28.attack

29.表示参加的几个动词:attend指参加会议、婚礼、聚会、演讲,take part in和join都指群众性的活动、会议、讨论等30.close attention表示密切注意

31.go away走开,run away跑开,away with让?消失吧

32.back and forth反复来回

33.badly 表示很、非常与匮乏、需要等连用,badly off贫穷、境况不好,well off富裕34.be in the balance悬而未决,on balance总的来说,hold the balance举足轻重35.bargain讨价还价、廉价货、成交的商品

36.basis指抽象的基础,foundation常用复数,指建筑物的根基,也指根据、依据,ground

指某物的地面基础,也指理由、原因、立场、观点

37.become是短暂性动词,不和不定式连用,become of表示发生、结果,主语只能是what,多用于完成时和将来时38.before的用法:

before常用有三个意思:才,在?之前,宁可、宁愿

before long不久以后,用于各种时态,long before很久以前,用于过去完成时39.beg后加不定式或从句,从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形40.believe sth of sb相信某人能干出某事,believe in信任、信仰

believe强调相信某人说的话,trust强调对人的品质的信任

41.all the best一切顺利,make the best of尽力而为42.no better than几乎等于(都不好),not better than并不比?好(一个好,一个不好)better 要用much、even、far来修饰,不能用more来修饰

43.a bit有一点、一会,不直接修饰名词,a bit of修饰不可数名词,bit by bit逐渐的

not a bit=not at all一点也不,not a little=very much 44.blame/scold sb for sth因某事责备某人45.bleed sb dry榨取某人所有的钱

46.body and soul全心全意,body信的正文47.to the bone影响深刻的,极强的

48.hold one's breath屏住呼吸,憋住气out of breath上气不接下气take sb's breath away令人惊叹

breath要表示呼出可以加out,要表示吸入可以加in

49.broad强调幅度的宽广和人的肩背宽,wide强调距离宽和伤口宽50.burn表示燃烧时,用主动表被动

51.bury oneself in doing sth专心做某事

52.by and by不久,很快,by和till同为“到?为止”,但by加某事做完的时限,till加

继续的时限

by加交通工具、重量、长度、时间不加the,但加the:by the hour/meter/dozen 53.go camping 野营,camp out露宿

54.I don't care我不放在心上,我不在乎,后面接不定式为:我不肯,我不愿意

eg:I don't care I go.我不愿意去

55.in any case无论如何,in case以防,in case of如果,假使,in that case既然那样56. 相对conclusion和reason相对,effect和cause原因和结果:

57.be certain to do肯定会做某事

be certain of doing觉得肯定会做某事。58.chance to do sth碰巧做某事chance doing sth冒险做某事

59.in cash用现金,by cheque用支票

60.只能做某事:have no choice but to do sth/can't choose but do sth 61.clean up打扫干净,发财,clear up转晴

62.close to (doing)sth几乎,可能,closely紧密地,仔细地,准确地

https://www.doczj.com/doc/3718870032.html,pare to把?比作?,compared to/with与?相比,compare A with B把A和B比较

64.on/upon condition that如果,在??条件下

表示决不:on no condition/by no means/in no way/in no case/anything but condition 后面一半不加of 65.consist with一致,符合

66.convince使确信,使信服

convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事,be convinced of确信,承认67.at cost按成本,at any

cost在任何情况下,无论如何

Eg:The terrible accident almost cost the driver his life. cost用作及物动词,主语通常是物,宾语是人,不能改成被动句68.on the course在航线上,off the course偏离航线

69.dare作为情态动词,一般用于否定句,疑问句,条件句中,没有单三形式I dare say??是一个特例,是情态动词用于肯定句的情况70.day after day日复一日地,the other day前几天

71.deep作副词时和deeply不同,deeply多指感情、情感深,表示抽象意义72.win后面加a game 或a prize等宾语,defeat和beat后加一个人或集体

73.demand for需求,要求,demand to do要求做某事,demand sth of/from sb要求某人做

某事

74.决定做某事:determine to do强调动作,be determined to do强调状态determine sb to do使某人决定做某事75.die of是死于内因,die from是死于外因

76.do with用在否定句中,与can/could表示忍受77.drive sb mad让某人发疯

78.each作代词时是单数,它的完全否定是none或neither,each和not连用表示部分否定each更侧重个别情况,而every更侧重全体,each用在复数名词后谓语动词用复数

79.or else要不然,否则

80.on end连续,上下颠倒,by the end of常用于完成时态81.ever since自从??以来

82.to be exact确切地,not exactly根本不,决不

83.excuse sb for doing sth或excuse one's doing sth原谅某人做过某事84.be familiar with熟悉??,be familiar to被??所熟悉85.so far就?而言,as far as ??be concerned就??而言by far与形容词或副词的比较级最高级连用,表示??得多86.quite a few相当多

指把分散的东西集中在一起,还可以用于速度、力量等增加。指三者以上的聚集87.gather 88.group作主语时,看成整体谓语动词用单数,看成各个成员谓语动词用复数

in groups三五成群

89.表示数量的one and a half后面名词要用复数形式,但这个短语作主语时,谓语动词用

4

单数形式

90.at hand时间或距离上接近,by hand用手工,in hand在手头,在掌握中

91.hardly??when?? 一??就??,hardly位于句首句子要倒装92.hear from收到某人的来信,hear of听说,此时不能用于进行时93.hold和contain都有容纳的意思,hold的容纳指物体内部的容纳94.honour具体指光荣的人或物时,是可数名词,后跟介词to Eg:He is an

honour to our country. in honour of向??表示敬意

95.improve on对??加以改进,improve in在??方面有所改进96.in that原因是,因为

in the tree鸟,on the tree苹果长在树上

97.increase by后加增加的数量,increase in表示在哪方面增长https://www.doczj.com/doc/3718870032.html,rm sb of sth通知某人某事,inform on sb告发,检举

99.that is it正是这样;this is it(期待的事)就要发生了;That's that就是这样100.in itself本身,本质上,to itself独自占有

101.just now刚才,不久以前,right now现在,just then正在那时

102.leave是短暂性动词,不和表示延续的时间状语连用;不可以说leave away,应该去掉Away;把某物忘在什么地方,如果有具体地方用leave,没有就用forget;leave for是出发到的意思

103.at length=in detail详细地

104.less than不到,少于;no less than=as many as多达;not less than至少

still less=let alone=not to mention更不用说105.not likely绝不可能,绝对不会106.at a loss不知所措

107.means手段、方法(单复数同形),by means of通过,借助于,by all means可以

way搭配介词in,method搭配介词by,approach搭配介词to 108.回答道谢时说don't mention it别客气;

回答道歉时说never mind没关系,别介意;That's all right!没关系

回答道歉或道谢时,或者表示乐于相助都可以说no problem

109.at the mercy of任由?处置;have mercy on对?怜悯110.to my mind依我看;never you mind不要问,别管111.the moment一?就;for the moment=for now暂时

112.more than加数词等于over/加名词翻译为“不仅仅”/加形容词等于very

113.no one只能指人,none可以指人或物;no one后不加of,但none可以,none of后加

的名词或代词必须指两个以上的人或物,如果只有两个用neither of;none回答how many

很愿意,用来回答请求114.with pleasure 的提问who回答no one的提问,how much或.my pleasure=it's a pleasure不用谢,回答道谢

115.Possibly和can't,couldn't等否定词连用,可以加强语气Eg:I can't possibly tell you that!

116.be proud of以?而自豪,用于褒义

be proud about为?而洋洋得意,自高自大,用于贬义

117.表示“很,十分”意思的词语强调程度排序:(由大到小)very、pretty、rather、quite、fairly 118.rather和fairly都表示宁可、相当,fairly一般加令人愉快的词,例如good/well/nice。rather经常加令人不愉快的词,例如bad/ugly/stupidly。其他的没有感情色彩的词可

5

以用fairly表示赞许,用rather表示不以为然

119.regret doing sth后悔做某事;regret to do sth遗憾做某事

120.required的用法:require sb to do sth要求某人做某事;require doing=to be done;require that??(should)do 121.all right好吧,行吧,表示同意、赞成

That's right!对的,正确的;That's all right!没关系,用于回答道歉122.search后加搜查的范围,search for后面加搜查对象,search me我怎么知道123.make sense有道理;make

sense of理解,弄懂

124.should经常用到的三个用法:按理应该;万一;竟然125.sick for渴望,期盼;sick of对某人某事感到厌恶;sick at对某事感到懊丧或不高兴;sick with因?呕吐或患病

126.since作“因为”的时候,不能和so连用;since不能引导让步状语从句,翻译成“尽管”,此时只能用while或although

127.so?that? 如此?以至于?,位于句首时so后面的部分要倒装,that后面句子必须完整so much for sth就讲这么多,到此为止

128.no sooner?than? 一?就?,只用于过去的情况,no sooner从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,位于句首时要用倒装

129.in terms of谈到,在?方面,就?而言

come to terms with妥协,迁就

130.跟time有关的短语:all the time一直、始终;at a time每次;in no time立刻;

take one's time慢慢来,不要着急,时间还早;at one time曾经;for a time暂时in time及时,

迟早;on time准时,按时

131.treat sb to sth用??招待某人;my treat请客

132.turn to do转过头来做某事

turn to n/doing变成,向?求助

133.until作“直到?为止”时,用在有延续性动词的句子中

在某种程度上,不完全地;134.in a way/in one way/in some way

by way of经由;in the way妨碍,挡路,决不;on the way在路上

135.weigh有权衡的意思

Eg:weigh the risks and benefits.权衡利弊

136.as well也;may/might as well最好?,无妨;may well do很可能??

137.while的三个常用用法:翻译成尽管,相当于although;什么时候,相当于when;表示对比,翻译成然而

138.with that紧接着,随即

139.wish加to do或for+名词,不加for+动名词,也不加动名词

wish后面从句用虚拟语气(should)do

140.表示值得:be worthy of sth/be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done be worthy doing sth

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