（共36套）新外研版中考英语总复习教材知识梳理（八下至九下）汇总（含所有重要知识点）
第14课时八年级下册Modules 1－2
,基础知识巩固
温馨提示：建议在掌握重点单词、短语及句型后, 趁热打铁, 完成《默写手册》P20－21对应内容, 以达到巩固、自测的效果。
重点单词1.smell v. 有……的气味；
闻；闻出
n．气味
2．soft adj. 软的；柔软的
3．sour adj. 酸的；馊的
4．cookie n. 小甜饼；曲奇饼
5．lovely adj. 令人愉快的；
可爱的
6．done adj. 做完的
7．try n. 尝试；努力
8．pie n. 馅饼；派
9．sound v. 听起来；令人觉
得
10．salt n. 盐；食盐
11．jam n. 果酱
12．favourite n. 最喜欢的人
或事
13．ear n. 耳朵
14．glasses n. [用复数]眼镜
15.jeans n. [用复数]牛仔裤
16．n ervous adj. 情绪不安的；紧
张的
17．fair adj. (头发)金色的, 浅褐
色的
18．pretty adj. 秀丽的；标致的
19．proud adj. 感到自豪的；感到
骄傲的
20．stranger n. 陌生人
21．message n. 电子邮件；口信；
信息
22．hobby n. 业余爱好
23．mark n. 分数
24．ever adv.曾经；从来；在任何
时候
25．enter v. (使)参加；(使)报名
26．competition n. 比赛；竞争
27．prize n. 奖品；奖项
28．dream n．梦；梦想；梦寐以求
的
v．做梦；梦到；梦想
29.afford v. (有财力)买得
起, 付得起
30．invite v. 邀请
31．move v. 搬家；改变……
的位置
32．send v. 派遣去；命
令……去
33．Germany n. 德国
34．France n. 法国
35．tower n. 塔
36．ancient adj. 古老的；
古代的
37．king n. 国王；君王
38．queen n. 女王；王后
39．way n. 方面；态度
40．mix v. 相混合；融合
41．miss v. 惦念；怀念；
想念
42．count v. 数；清点
词汇拓展1.smell n. & v. 闻；闻出
→smelled/smelt(过去式)
→smelled/smelt(过去分词)
2．soft adj. 软的；柔软的
→hard (反义词)硬的
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3710411594.html,pete v. 竞争→competitor n.
竞争者；对手
→competition n. 比赛；竞争
8．dream v. 做梦；梦到；梦想
→dreamed/dreamt (过去式)
→softly adv. 柔软地
3．do v. 做→done adj. 做完的
4．salt n. 盐；食盐→salty adj. 咸的
5．nervous adj. 情绪不安的；紧张的→nerve n. 神经6．proud adj. 感到自豪的；感到骄傲的→pride n. 自豪；骄傲→dreamed/dreamt(过去分词) 9．invite v. 邀请→invitation n. 邀请；请帖
10．mix v. 相混合；融合→mixture n. 混合物
11．send v. 派遣去；命令……去
→sent (过去式)→sent (过去分词) 12．France n. 法国→French n. 法语
→French adj. 法国(人)的；法语的
重点短语1.have a try 尝一尝；试试看
2．sweet tooth 对甜食的爱好
3．be proud of…为……而感
到骄傲
4．sb.can't wait 某人等不及
了
5．at school 在学校；上学
6．first prize 一等奖
7．write about 编写；写作
8．make up 编写；创作
9．count down 倒数；倒计时
10．a bit 有点儿
11.hear from 收到……的来信
12．in the right way 以正确的方
式
13．be excited about…对……感到
兴奋
14．shake hands with 跟……握手
15．enter a competition 参加比赛
16．win a prize/some prizes 获奖
17．at the moment 此刻
18．be different from 不同于,
与……不同
19．so far 到目前为止
20．have a Western meal 吃西餐
续表
重
点
句
型
1.It tastes good.它尝起来很好吃。
2．You look very pretty.你看起来很漂亮。
3．It doesn't smell fresh.它闻起来不新
鲜。
4．I feel nervous when I speak Chinese.
当我讲中文的时候, 我感觉很紧张。
5．—Have you ever won any prizes befo re?
你以前曾经得过奖吗？
—No, I haven't.不, 我没得过。
6．That sounds wonderful, but I haven't
travelled much.那听起来很精彩, 但我去
的地方不多。
7．They have bee n to many interesting
places.他们去过很多有趣的地方。
8.What a delicious smell! 好香的味
道啊！
9．How do you feel about coming to
China? 你对来中国感受如何？
10．But I can't tell you how excited
I am about going to China！但是我
没法表达对去中国的兴奋之情。
11．So far they have learnt to speak
German, French, Chinese and Arabic.
到目前为止, 他们已经学会了德语、法
语、汉语和阿拉伯语。
12．Recently, their father's
company has asked him to go back to
the US.最近, 他们父亲的公司让他回
美国。
,重难词句选析
1．smell v. 有……的气味；闻；闻出(教材P2)
【点拨】
(1)smell用作连系动词, 意为“发出……气味；闻起来”, 一般不用于被动语态和进行时态。但有时态变化, 过去式是smelt/smelled, 过去分词是smelt/smelled。常见结构为：“主语＋smell＋形容词”或“主语＋smell＋of＋名词”。如：
This blue rose smells very sweet.这支蓝玫瑰闻起来很香。
The water smelt of earth.水闻起来有泥土味。
(2)smell还可用作实义动词, 意为“闻到”, 后可直接接宾语, 也可以接复合宾语。如：
I smelt something burning.我闻到了东西烧焦的味道。
【拓展】相似用法还有feel(感觉, 摸起来), taste(品尝, 尝起来), sound(听起来), look(看起来)这些动词。
【即时训练】
第(1)题根据汉语意思完成句子；第(2)题根据汉语提示补全句子。
(1)这瓶牛奶闻起来有点酸。
The bottle of milk __smelt__ a little __sour__．
(2)These clothes look __good__(好)and sell __well__(好)．
2. afford v. (有财力)买得起, 付得起(教材P10)
【点拨】afford常与can, could, be able to连用, 意为“负担得起(费用)；经受得住(损失、后果)；抽得出(时间)”。后面一般接名词、代词或不定式, 多用于否定句或疑问句中。如：
We can't afford a new house.我们负担不起一个新房子。
He couldn't afford to lose his fortune entirely.他经不起倾家荡产。
【即时训练】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
They can't afford __to__go__(go) abroad this summer.
3．invite v. 邀请(教材P10)
【点拨】invite作动词, 意为“邀请”, 常见用法有：
(1)invite sb.to sp.＝ ask sb.to sp.邀请某人到某地如：
The headmaster invited the mayor to our school.校长邀请了市长来我校。
(2)invite sb.to do sth.＝ask sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事如：
She invited her friends to have dinner tog ether.她邀请她的朋友共进晚餐。
【拓展】invitation是invite的名词形式, 作“邀请”讲时, 是不可数名词；作“邀请书；请帖”讲时, 是可数名词。如：
Come at the invitation.应邀前来。
I received his invitation to attend his wedding.我收到了他的婚礼请柬。
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思完成句子。
琳达邀请我们参观她叔叔的农场。
Linda __invites__ us __to__visit__ her uncle's farm.
4．be proud of为……感到骄傲(教材P4)
【点拨】be proud of是形容词短语, 意为“为……感到骄傲”。其中, proud为形容词, 意为“自豪的, 骄傲的”。其同义短语为take pride in。如：
We are proud of our country.＝We take pride in our country.我们为祖国而骄傲。
【即时训练】
用适当的介词填空。
(1)We take pride __in__ our success.
(2)Good job, Charlie.I'm proud __of__ you.
5．make up编写；写作(教材P10)
【点拨】在初中英语中, make up常有以下含义：
(1)编写；写作；编造。如：
He made up an interesting story.他编写了一个有趣的故事。
He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.他编造了一些借口, 说他的女儿病倒了。
(2)组成, 构成。如：
The three paragraphs make up a passage.这三个段落构成了一篇文章。
(3)化妆。如：
The actors have to make up before they appear i n front of people on the stage.演员出现在台下观众面前时, 必须先化妆。
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思完成句子。
女生占学生人数的30%。
Girls __make__up__ 30% of the number of students.
6．What does your mum look like？你的妈妈长什么样子？(教材P7)
【点拨】What do/does…look like？用于询问某人的外貌特征。如：
—What does your father look like？你爸爸长什么样子？
—He is tall and thin.他又高又瘦。
【拓展】What be…like？还可以用来询问某人的性格特点。如：
—What is your siste r like？你妹妹是什么样子的人？
—She is friendly.她很友好。
【即时训练】
单项选择。
( B )—What does Anna look like?
—________．
A．She's kind B．She's tall
C．She likes skating D．She looks great
7. The first prize is only the book called Around the world in 80 days！只有《环游世界80天》这本书获得了一等奖！(教材P10)
【点拨】called Around the world in 80 days为过去分词短语作后置定语, 修饰名词book, 相当于一个省略了that is的定语从句。如：
I read a book (which/that is) written by Mo Yan last night.我昨晚读了一本莫言写的书。
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思完成句子。
你认识一位叫吉姆的人吗？
Do you know a person __named__ Jim?
8．T hey have been to many interesting places.他们去过很多有趣的地方。(教材P12)
【点拨】have/has been to表示“已经去过某地(人已返回)”。如：
I have been to Shanghai.我已经去过上海了。
【拓展】(1)have/has gone to表示“已经去某地了(人在去某地的途中或已到达某地)”。如：
My father has gone to Shanghai.我父亲已经去上海了。
(2)have/has been in表示“在某地待了多长时间”。如：
Jane has been in China for 2 years.简在中国已经待了2年了。
【即时训练】
用have been to, have gone to或have been in的适当形式填空。
(1)—Where's your sister?
—She __has__gone__to__ the library.
(2)—Would you like to go to America with us, Li Fang?
—I'd love to, but I __have__been__ there twice.
(3)My grandparents __have__been__in____the countryside for nearly 70 years.
,当堂练习检测
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出正确的单词。
1．Can you send a __message__(口信) for me?
2．He is making some chocolate __cookies__(小甜饼)．
3．My __hobby__(业余爱好) is playing basketball.
4．I want to buy a car, but I can't __afford__(买得起) it.
5．Xi'an is an __ancient__(古老的) city with a long history.
6．There is a tall __tower__(塔) on the hill.
7．Have you __ever__(曾经)been to America?
8．The first __prize__(奖品) is the holiday in England.
Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词或词语的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次。
salt, send, have a try, pride, strange
1．It's dangerous for children to talk with __strangers__．
2．The fish is ready.You can __have__a__try__．
3．My mother is a great mother.I'm __proud__ of her.
4．His mother____sent__ him to a boarding school yesterday.
5．The soup tasted a bit __salty__．Maybe you put too much salt into it.
Ⅲ.(课文改编)根据短文内容和所给中文提示, 在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
Mike and Clare live in Cairo in Egypt because his father has been 1.__sent__(派遣) to work there.Their father, Peter, works for a big company.The company has
2.__offices__(办公室；办事处) in many countries, and it has sent Peter to work in
3.__Germany__(德国), France and China before.Peter usually stays in a country for about two years.Then the comp any
4.__moves__(迁移；调动) him again.So his family always goes with him.
They have visited many 5.__interesting__(有趣的) places in Egypt.For example, they have seen the Pyrami d, and they have visited the 6.__ancient__(古老的) palaces of the kings and 7.__queens__(王后)．Mike and Clare have learnt a little Arabic, and when they speak it, they often 8.__mix__(混淆) it with German, French and Chinese.9.__Recently__(近来), their father's company has asked him to go back to
the US.Mike and Clare are 10.__counting__(数) down the days.
Ⅳ.语法填空。在文中空白处填入一个适当的词, 或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
There was a man who had four sons.He wanted his sons to learn not to judge (判断) things too 1.__quickly__(quick)．So he sent them to go and look at a pear tree that was far away in turn. The first son went in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer, and the 2.__younegst__(young) son in fall.
When they had all gone and come back, he asked them to describe what they had seen. The first son said there was 3.__nothing__ on the tree. The second son said it was 4.__covered__(cover) with green buds (花蕾) and full of promise. The third son said it was filled with flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful.The last son 5.__disagreed__(agree) with all of them, he said it was full of fruit, life and harvest (收获). The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they each had seen but one season in the 6.__tree's__(tree) life. He told them that they cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, they can only be judged at the end, when all the seasons are up. If you give up when it's winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the 7.__beauty__(beautiful) of your summer, the harvest of your fall. Don't let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.
第14课时八年级下册Modules 1—2
Ⅰ.完形填空
I used to live in my own room alone.But one day it all changed when my brother Mike asked to share my __1__．At first, my parents said “no” to him, but at last my mother agreed.I cried and asked my parents not to do this, __2__ it didn't work.
As soon as Mike entered my room, it began to become __3__．To my anger, he often left his unwashed clothes and toys everywhere!
One evening, I was doing some __4__ on my computer while Mike was listening to music.__5____, I left my seat to get some water.A big surprise was waiting for me when I __6__.He was using my computer to play game.I had forgotten to save the homework.Sadly, he had closed my programme __7__ saving it—all I had done had disappeared! I __8__ him.He cried a lot as my mother came and beat him.My mother also asked him to leave my room at once.
Then I did my homework __9__．At 10：00 pm.I finished it.When I was going to turn off the __10__, I saw the photo of my __11__ that he had put on my table.I looked at his lovely face a nd remembered how __12__ he was when my mum beat him.I really felt __13__．I went to see what he was doing.I found he was __14__ in my parents' bed.I kissed his face.He woke up, got up and said, “I'm sorry.I won't bring you any more trouble.”
I was as moved and said, “From now on, my room is not only mine.It is __15__！” That every night, Mike and I shared not only the room, but the bed.
( C )1.A.clothes B．food
C．room D．toys
( B )2.A.because B．but
C．or D．so
( A )3.A.dirty B．empty C．quiet D．tidy
( B )4.A.business B．homework
C．reading D．shopping
( A )https://www.doczj.com/doc/3710411594.html,ter B．Instead
C．However D．Sometimes
( C )6.A.danced B．fell
C．returned D．slept
( D )7.A.after B．by
C．for D．without
( D )8.A.agreed with B．heard from
C．looked after D．shouted at
( D )9.A.as well B．for ever
C．in the end D．once again
( A )https://www.doczj.com/doc/3710411594.html,puter B．fan
C．radio D．TV
( A )11.A.brother B．cousin
C．father D．grandfather
( C )12.A.clever B．happy C．sad D．silly
( D )13.A.bored B．excited C．proud D．sorry
( B )14.A.jumping B．sleeping
C．sitting D．singing
( C )15.A.his B．hers C．ours D．theirs
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there.They serve some sort o f purpose, teach you a lesson or help find out who you are or who you want to become.You never know who these people may be：your classmate, neighbour, teacher, long-lost friend or even a real stranger.But you know that every moment they will affect your life in some serious way.
Sometimes things happen to you.At the time they may seem terrible, painful and unfair.But later you realise that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realised your further ability and strength.Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck.
The people you meet affect your life, and the successes and failures you experience, create who y ou are.Even the bad experiences can be learned from.In fact, they are probably the most poignant(深刻的)and important ones.
Enjoy every day, even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience it again.Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen.You__should__set__your__sights__high, hold__your__head__up.
You can make your life anything you wish.Create your own life and then go out and live it.
( D )16.The people we meet ________．
A．all know where to find us
B．serve us on no purpose
C．won't become our neighbour
D．will change us in some way
( B )17.From the passage, we know that bad things can make us ________．
A．terribly meet bad luck
B．realise our further ability
C．find no serious success
D．possibly enjoy every moment
( C )18.The underlined sentence “You should set your sights high, hold your head up.” means “________”．
A．You should go out to play.
B．You should create your own life.
C．You should believe in yourself.
D．You should enjoy every moment.
( B )19.The writer's advice is that we should ______．
A．never talk to strange people
B．learn as much as we can each day
C．get over difficulties painfully
D．not believe in ourselves but others
Ⅲ.词汇运用
A)用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
hear, good, count down, meet, win
20．The cake tastes__good__．
21．I have never__heard__ of the story before.
22．Sally is the__winner__ of the singing competition.
23．The students can't wait __to__meet__ their foreign teacher.
24．We are__counting__down__(倒计时)the days to the arrival of the New Year.
B)根据短文内容和所给中文提示, 在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
When I grew up, I studied in London and spent my holiday on a 25.__farm__(农场) in France.
During school terms I could 26.__freely__(自由地) enjoy modern life—especially the Internet, TV and a phone network. During the winter breaks, however, I was 27.__thrown__(扔) back to nearly medieval times(中世纪)—no Internet, no TV or no phone.
To many of my friends it sounded terrible. But every time the holidays drew 28.__closer/nearer__(更近), I couldn't wait to go to the French countryside with my parents.
Where else could I enjoy a 29.__cold__(冷的) and fresh wind in my hair while rushing down a hill on my bike, build tree houses with my friends in a forest, 30.__catch__(捉) fishes in a river for lunch and play with baby rabbits—all in the same day?
I consider myself lucky to have had such a different 31.__experience__(经历)．
Learning to enjoy myself without 32.__depending__(依靠) on c omputers and other electronic things developed my imagination. I learnt many practical 33.__skills__(技能), such as planting trees and building boats. I learnt
34.__another__(另一) language and made lifelong friends along the way too.
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
35．__How__ do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of class? Do you get really shy?
Shyness means feeling nervous or frightened when you're around other people.Experts(专家)have 36.__found__(find)that more than 80 percent of middle school students 37.__feel/are__ afraid to be the centre of attention.Some kids are born shy.Some become shy later because of their life 38.__experiences__(经历)．Most people have red faces and talk in 39.__broken__(break)sentences when they get shy.But some become so shy that they are afraid of 40.__meeting__(meet)new people, so they seldom go outside.This kind of shyness can be 41.__bad__ for a person.
If shyness doesn't stop you from doing something you want to do, be ing shy isn't
a very big problem.Some experts say shy people are quieter a nd
42.__cleverer__(clever)because they think more and talk 43.__less__(little)．Shy people are also good at working with others because they think more for other people.
Ⅴ.书面表达
在学习与生活中我们一定有得到过老师、同学们帮助的经历, 这样的经历让我们难忘且感动。请以“My Unforgettable Experience”为题, 写一篇100词左右的英语短文, 记一件你身边相互帮助的故事及你的感受。不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名。
提示词：ask sb. for help, kind, warm-hearted, helpful, deeply moved
My Unforgettable Experience
I__still__remember__the__story__as__if__it__happened__yesterday.
There__was__a__time__when__I__did__badly__in__my__maths.What's__worse,
at__that__time__I__fell__ill__and__had__to__be__in__hospital__for__several__da ys.You__can__imagine__how__upset__and__disappointed__I__was!__Luckily, my__frie nd__Nancy__came__to__help__me__with__my__study.She__was__always__
ready__to__help__others.Thanks__to__her, I__recovered__soon__
and__improved__myself__in__maths__quickly.What__she__had__done__reminds__me__o
f__the__old__saying：A__friend__in__need__is__a__friend__indeed.I__was__so__deeply__moved
__and__appreciated.
From__my__unforgettable__experience__above,
I've__learned__that__it's__really__important__to__help__each__
other.People__who__help__others__make__the__world__full__of__love.__
第15课时八年级下册Modules 3－4
,基础知识巩固
温馨提示：建议在掌握重点单词、短语及句型后, 趁热打铁, 完成《默写手册》P21－22对应内容, 以达到巩固、自测的效果。
重点单词1.earth n. 地球
2．moon n. 月亮；月球
3．news n. 新闻；消息
4．planet n. 行星
5．reach v. 到达；抵达
6．yet adv. 还, 尚
7．just adv. 刚才；刚刚
8．model n. 模型
9．spaceship n. 航天器；宇宙
飞船
10．project n. 计划；工程；
项目
11．latest adj. 最近的；最新
的
12．discover v. 发现；找到
13．astronaut n. 宇航员
14．none pron. 没有一人；没
有一个
15．environment n. 环境
16．solar adj. 太阳的；与太
阳有关的
17.system n. 系统；体系
18．group n. 群；组
19．universe n. 宇宙
20．light n. 光线；光亮
21．impossible adj. (事情)办
不到的,
不可能的
22．communica te v. 联系；交流
23．cough n. 咳嗽；v.咳嗽
24．fever n. 发烧；发热
25．headache n. 头痛
26．stomach n. 腹部；肚子
27．ache n. 痛；疼痛
28．ill n. 不健康的；有病的
29．since prep. 自……以来；
conj. 自……以来
30．cold n. 感冒；伤风
31.health n.健康(状况)
32．well adj. 健康的
33．heart n. 心脏
34．active adj. 积极的；活
跃的
35．pet n. 宠物；宠畜
36．member n. 成员；会员
37．condition n. 状况；身体
状况
38．sleepy adj. 困的；想睡
的
39．then adv. 当时；那时
40．daily adj. 每天的；天天
的
41．weak adj. 弱的；虚弱的
42．illness n. 病；疾病
43．exercise v. 运动；锻炼
44．awful adj. 极讨厌的；极
坏的
45．perhaps adv. 可能；也许
词汇拓展1.discover v. 发现；找到
→cover(反义词)v. 覆盖；遮蔽
2．environment n. 环境
→environmental adj. 有关环
境的
8.sleep n. & v. 睡觉；睡眠
→sleepy adj. 困的；想睡的
→asleep adj. 睡熟了的
9．daily adj. 每天的；天天的
→everyday (同义词)
3．possible adj. 可能的
→impossible adj. 办不到的；不可能的
4．communicate v. 联系；交流→communication n. 交流；沟通
5．ill adj. 不健康的；有病的→illness n. 疾病
6．take v. 测定, 拍摄；吃, 喝→took (过去式)→taken (过去分词)
7．active adj. 积极的；活跃的→activity n. 活动10．weak adj. 弱的；虚弱的
→weakness n. 虚弱；弱点
→weaken v. 使变弱11．exercise n. 运动；锻炼
→exercis e v. 运动；锻炼12．universe n. 宇宙
→universal adj. 宇宙的；全球的
重点短语1.no problem 没问题(用于表示
乐于做某人要求做的事)
2．space travel 航天旅行
3．solar system 星系；(尤指)
太阳系
4．stomach ache 胃痛；腹痛
5．catch a cold 感冒
6．take one's temperature 量
某人的体温
7．fast food 快餐食品
8．take part (in sth.) 参加,
参与(某事)
9．in excellent condition 健
康状况很好
10．feel awful 感到不舒服
11．all over 浑身；到处
12.be up to doing sth.正在做
某事, 忙于某事
13．far away 远离；遥远
14．go online 上网
15．search for information 搜
索信息
16．billions of 数以亿计的
17．communicate with 与……联
系；与……交流
18．get a (bad) cough 咳嗽(得
厉害)
19．go for a run/go running 去
跑步
20．go to the doctor/see a
doctor 看医生
21．in hospital 住院
重点句型1.—What are you up to? 你
在忙什么呢？
—I've just made a model
spaceship for our school
project.我刚刚为我们的学校
项目制作了一个宇宙飞船模型。
2．I haven't started yet b
ecause I'm not sure how to
make it.我还没有开始, 因为我
不确定怎样制作它(宇宙飞船)。
3.—Has it arrived yet? 它
(宇宙飞船)到达了吗？
—Yes, it has arrived
already.That's why it's on
the news.是的, 它已经到达了。
6.Lots of scientists are
working hard in order to send
astronauts to Mars one day.许
多科学家正在努力工作, 为了有
一天能将宇航员送入火星。
7．I haven't done much exercise
sinc e I got my computer last
year.自从去年我拥有电脑以来就
没怎么锻炼了。
8．—How long have you had your
bike? 你拥有你的自行车多长时
间了？
—I've had it for about two
years.我拥有它(自行车)大约两
年了。
,重难词句选析
1．yet adv. 还, 尚(教材P18)
【点拨】yet 表示“还(未)”, 用在否定句和疑问句, 常与一般现在时或现在完成时连用。already 用来表示“已经”, 用于肯定句。如：
We haven't finished our homework yet.我们还没有完成我们的家庭作业。
Man has not discovered any life in space yet.人类尚未在太空中发现生命。
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思选用already和yet来完成句子。
——你已经完成你的家庭作业了吗？
——是的。我已经完成了。
—Have you finished your ho mework __yet__？
—Yes.I've __already__ finished it.
2．discover v. 发现；找到(教材P18)
【辨析】discover, invent与create
(1)discover指“发现”某种本来存在, 而以前未被发现的事物或不为人所知的东西。如：
I di scovered (that) she was a good cook.我发现她很会烧菜。
(2)invent 表示“发明”, 即原来没有而后来发明创造的东西。如：
Edison didn't discover electricity, but invented the light bulb.爱迪生没有发现电, 但是发明了灯泡。
(3)create表示“创造”, 指经过努力使事物从无到有。如：
They created one new record after a nother.他们创造了一个又一个的新纪录。
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思完成句子。
全世界的科学家都在努力寻找治疗艾滋病的方法。
Scientists around the world are working hard __to__discover__ a cure for AIDS.
3．ill adj. 不健康的；有病的(教材P26)
【辨析】ill与sick
ill 和sick都有“生病的；有病的”之意, 但用法并不完全相同。
(1)ill 表示“生病的；有病的”这一意思时, 一般用作表语, 不能作定语；而sick 既可以作表语又可以作定语, “病人”可以说a sick man 或the sick, 但不能说an ill man 或the ill。如：
She is ill/sick in bed.她卧病在床。
(2)sick 有“恶心的；厌倦的”之意。ill 作定语修饰名词时是“坏的；邪恶的”之意。如：
The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。
He is an ill man.他是一个邪恶的人。
【即时训练】
用ill或sick填空。
(1)She is looking after her __sick____father.
(2)Jack____is__ill/sick__ in bed.
4．Have you heard the latest news? 你听说过这个最新消息吗？(教材P18)
【点拨】这是个现在完成时态的句子。现在完成时态的基本结构为：
肯定句：主语＋助动词have/has＋过去分词＋其他。
否定句：主语＋助动词have/has＋not＋过去分词＋其他。
肯定回答：Yes, 主语＋have/has.
否定回答：No, 主语＋haven't/hasn't.(有时也可用“No, not yet./No, never./No, not even once.”等。)
【即时训练】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
—Mum, may I go out and play basketball?
—__Have__ you____finished__(finish) your homework yet?
5．That's why it's on the news.这就是它(宇宙飞船)上新闻的原因。(教材P18) 【点拨】That's why…意为“这就是……的原因”, why引导表语从句, 对主语进行解释说明, 使主语的内容具体化。从句要用陈述语序。表语从句还可由what, where, who, how 等词引导。如：
That's why I'm angry.那就是我生气的原因。
That's where Lu Xun used to live.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方。
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思完成句子。
那就是他上学迟到的原因。
__That's__why__he__was__late__for__school._________________________________ _________________________________________
6．Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years.科学家们认为数亿年以前地球上已有生命存在了。(教材P20)
【点拨】there have/has been表示“曾经有；已经有……”, 是there be的完成时形式。如：
There have been great changes in such kind of PDAs(掌上电脑) in the last years.近几年里, 这种类型的掌上电脑已经发生了巨大的变化。
【即时训练】
根据汉语意思完成句子。
他们认为在很多年以前, 地球上已经有这种生物了。
They think that __there__has__been__ such a creature on the earth since many years ago.
,当堂练习检测
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出正确的单词或短语。
1．I have wanted to be an __astronaut__(宇航员)．
2．__Perhaps__(也许)it will snow tomorrow.
3．The __earth__(地球) goes around the sun.
4．Are you a __member__(成员) of the chess club?
5．The scientists have __disc overed__(发现) many other galaxies in the universe.
6．You should take an __active__(积极的) part in the task.
7．Looking through newspapers is his __daily__(每日的) activity.
8．The old man is in poor __condition__(身体状况)．
9．My mother is __ill__(生病的), I have to look after her at home.
10．He didn't go to school bec ause he____caught__a__cold__(感冒)．
Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词或词语的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次。
go, sleep, have, possible, health
1．The noise made sleep __impossible__．
2．I __had____a stomachache yesterday.
3．I am so __sleepy__ that I can't listen to the teacher.
4．I'm worried about my mother's __health__．
5．Li Mei __has__gone__ to the library.She will be back in a few minutes.
Ⅲ.根据短文内容和所给中文提示, 在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
Mothers always tell their children what they should eat.
When Jim was a child, his mother often told him, “Be 1.__careful__(小心的) not to eat too much sugar, or your teeth will 2.__ache__(痛)．”Besides, his mother always
asks him to wash hands before meals to prevent 3.__illness__(疾病)．Mary's mother always took care of Mary well.For example, Mary had a cold and 4.__coughed__(咳嗽) day and night.Her mother took her5.__temperature__(温度) first and checked if she had a 6.__fever__(发烧)．Then she would send her to a 7.__hospital__(医院) if necessary.
Michael is a picky(挑剔的) boy.He likes meat very much.But he 8.__hardly__(几乎不) eats vegetables.That makes his mother very 9.__worried__(着急的)．One day, his mother came up with an idea.She cooked some meat balls with vegetables in it.Michael liked them very much and ate them up.Then he was surprised to find vegetables were 10.__delicious__(美味的)．
第15课时八年级下册Modules 3—4
Ⅰ.完形填空
That was__1__special day for Jack.It was 12 o'clock at night.He __2__finished his work.He walked __3__ back home in the street.The street was quiet.He looked east.About halfway(在半途)up the sky he __4__ the planet Mars.It looked like a red star.It had the brightest __5__ in the sky.
Have you ever seen Mars? Have you __6__ it? Do you know __7__ there is life on Mars? Now let me tell you something about Mars.I am sure you will be __8__ in it.
Mars i s the fourth from the sun and the seventh __9__ in the solar system.The __10__ gets the name probably(大概) because it has the red colour.Of all the planets in the solar system, Mars is the most __11__ the Earth, and the easiest one to travel to.
On April 7, 2001, America sent Mars Odyssey __12__ Mars.The journey took Mars Odyssey __13__months.On October 24, 2001, it landed on Mars.Recently scientists have __14__ there maybe liquid(液体的) water on Mars.Water is very important because where there is water on Earth, there is life.Look forward __15__ life on Mars some day!
( A )1.A.a B．an C．the D．/
( A )2.A.just B．yet C．even D．never
( B )3.A.lonely B．alone C．quick D．along
( B )4.A.see B．saw C．will see D．seeing
( C )5.A.star B．air C．light D．sun
( C )6.A.hear about B．hear from
C．heard about D．heard from
( A )7.A.if B．when
C．where D．why
( B )8.A.interest B．interested
C．interesting D．interests
( D )https://www.doczj.com/doc/3710411594.html,rge B．larger
C．bigger D．largest
( A )10.A.planet B．plant
C．star D．satellite
( C )11.A.look B．with
C．like D．looks like
( A )12.A.to B．at C．for D．on
( C )13.A.much B．few
C．several D．a lot
( A )14.A.discovered B．find
C．worked D．find out
( C )15.A.to discover B．finds
C．to discovering D．to find
Ⅱ.阅读理解
What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps you should follow.But always remember to look for medical care after first aid(急救) if the wound is serious.
Broken bones(骨头)：Take away clothing from the https://www.doczj.com/doc/3710411594.html,e an ice pack.Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.
Animal bites(咬伤)：Wash the bite area with soap and water.Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding.If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital.Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.
Fainting(昏厥)：Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little.Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall.Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air.Clean the person's face with a cool cloth.
Nosebleeds：Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted(倾斜) forward a little.Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing.Pinch(捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.
( B )16.What should we do first when an animal bite happens?
A．Put an ice pack on the wound.
B．Wash the bite area with soap and water.
C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth.
D．Take the hurt person to the hospital.
( C)17.When dealing with the problems of ________, we shouldn't move the hurt.
A．broken bones and animal bites
B．animal bites and no sebleeds
C．broken bones and fainting
D．fainting and nosebleeds
( D )18.Which of the following is not right when a boy's nose bleeds?
A．Let his head not tilt back.
B．Let his head tilt forward a little.
C．Let him sit up.
D．Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes.
( B )19.Which part of a magazine may the passage come from?
A．Lifestyle. B．Health.