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英语语法大攻克--情态动词

英语语法大攻克--情态动词
英语语法大攻克--情态动词

情态动词

一.情态动词的定义:情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。

二.情态动词的特点: 1.有一定词义; 2.不受主语人称和数的变化影响;

3.与主要动词的原形(或称不带to的不定式)一起构成谓语(除ought to,have to作固定词组看待)。

三.情态动词的基本用法

一、考查can的用法

a.考查can表示能力的用法。

在这一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,会",其否定式can't表示"不能"。在过去时中用could 和couldn't。例如:

1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.

-You________find him. He________Japan.

A. may not; has gone to

B. may not; has been to

C. can't; has gone to

D. can't; has been to

2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?

-Sorry. It________in such a short time.

A. may do

B. can't be done

C. must do

D. needn't be done

3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it.

A. must

B. have to

C. need to

D. can

4.________you mend my car? I______not start it.

A. Would; would

B. Must; must

C. Can; can

D. May; may

5.________she ride when she was three years old?

A. Can

B. Could

C. Need

D. May

6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.

A. can

B. may

C. could

注意:can 和be able to

1.情态动词can只有两种时态形式,现在式can和过去式could,而be able to有多

种时态形式。

Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was 5.

玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。

2.用在过去时中,could经常表示能够做某事,事实上不一定去做,而was∕were able

to则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。

He couldm across the English Channel. But he didn't feel like it that day.

他能游过英吉利海峡,但那天他不想游。

Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain

昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。

b.考查can表示推测的用法。

在这一用法中,can意为"可能",表示客观可能性,常常用于疑问句和否定句中。例如:

7. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li? -No, it________be him. Mr Li is much

taller.

A. mustn't

B. may not

C. can't D . needn't

8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?

-No. It________be her. She is at school now.

A. will; may not

B. must; mustn't

C. may; can't

D. may; won't

9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room? -No, he________be there. He has gone to

Tianjin.

A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. won't

D. can't

10. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true?

A. May

B. Must

C. Will

D. Can

c.考查can / could表示请求许可的用法?

在这一用法中,can和could都表示现在,用could比用can语气更加委婉客气,常用Could

I / you...?句式,表示"我/你能……吗?"若表示同意要用can,不用could?例如:

11.-Could I look at your pictures? -Yes, of course you________.

A. could

B. can

C. will

D. might

12.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number.

A. Need

B. Could

C. Must

D. Should

二、考查must的用法

a.考查must表示义务的用法。

在这一用法中,must意为"必须","应该",表示必须要做的事,其否定式mustn't表示禁止,即不许对方做某事?例如:

13.-May I go to the cinema, Mum? -Certainly. But you________be back by 11 o'clock.

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Time and tide wait for no man. 时间不等人。 c. 表示主语的特征、能力和状态 This cloth feels soft. 这布摸上去很软。 I love classical music. 我喜欢古典音乐。 The President still seems able to find time to go fishing. 看来总统仍能有时间去钓鱼。 d. 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作 The meeting begins at 7:00. 会议七点钟开始。 We leave here at 8:00 sharp. 我们八点整离开这里。 e. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来动作 When you come next time, bring me some magazines. 你下次来时,给我带几本杂志。 If time allows, we shall go there tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话,我们明天去那里。 Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 不管他同意与否,我都会待在家里。 ②一般现在时的特殊用法 a. 用于新闻标题或图片说明中 China Declares Manned Spaceflight Successful 中国宣布载人航天飞行圆满成功 Laura Bush Arrives in Moscow 劳拉·布什抵达莫斯科 b. 用于体育运动、表演等实况报道中 Francis slips past, passes the ball to Yao Ming, who jumps, catches and shoots it into the basket.

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