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2014年综合类职称英语考试语法指导:量词和单位词

2014年综合类职称英语考试语法指导:量词和单位词
2014年综合类职称英语考试语法指导:量词和单位词

2014年综合类职称英语考试语法指导:量词和单位词

量词使用中应注意的几个问题:

1)分清可数名词和不可数名词是前提;

2)不要把量词的形式搞混淆了:下面哪个表达形式是对的?

A. A lot students have come back from the summer holiday.

B. A few of the students have come back from the summer holiday.

C. A great many of students have come back from the summer holiday.

D. Many a student has have come back from the summer holiday.

E. The number of students have come back from the summer holiday.

F. A number of students have come back from the summer holiday.

以上六个表达方式中只有F 是对的。为什么?

A. a lot students → a lot of students

B. a few of the students → a few students

C. a great many of students → a great many students

D. Many a student has come back from the summer holiday.

E. The number of 表示数目,如:The number of the students in our class is 50.

A number of 表示“一些”,“不少”,认真对比一下,看出问题来了吗?

问多少钱、多少重量时用:How much…?问距离时用:How far is it from…to…?

单位词的使用

(1)不可数名词表示多少,一般用much,(a) little, a lot of, enough 等词表达,要数1,2,3,4…时要用“量词”表达,最常用的是a piece of (news, advice, furniture,information…)。

(2)成双成对的名词一般用复数,如:a pair of trousers (裤子) / scissors(剪刀) / glasses (spectacles)(眼镜) / pliers(钳子)

(3)a couple of表示一对,或2-3…,如:a couple of days / people / things

(4)记住以下量词表达方式:

a loaf (two loafs) of bread (一个(两个)面包)

a burst of laughter(一阵笑声)

a fit of anger / chill(一阵发怒 / 发冷)

a game of chess (一盘棋)

a lump of sugar (一块方糖)

10、其他应注意的数的表达形式

1)a three-year-old boy 比较The boy is three years old

2)five thousand people / several thousand people比较 thousands of people

表达具体数字时,thousand不加“s”,后面不加“of ”; ten, million, billion情况以此类推。

3)One-third of the students have passed College English Test Band IV.

Two-thirds of the students have passed College English Test Band IV.

One-third of the population in this area is living below the poverty line.

(这个地区有1/3人口生活在贫困线以下。)

注意:几分之几的表达形式;动词的单复数由后面的名词数决定。

4)a looker-on 比较two lookers-on(旁观者) / a brother-in-law比较two brothers-in-law(姻亲兄弟)

5)my father, together with (along with / with / as well as my mother and brothers)结构中,主语作单数处理,即my father.

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