英语单词词性
词性尾缀其实很多，大家主要记住最常用的
1. 名词后缀
1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor
2)-acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy
3)-ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance, diligence, difference, obedience
4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
5)-bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, flexibility, feasibility,
6)-dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom
7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood
8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
9)-ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
10)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity
11)-ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
12)-ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
13)-ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship, membership, friendship
14)-th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
15)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)
16)-ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)，
17-grapy, 表示"……学，写法”biography, calligraphy, geography
18)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics
19)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)
20)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)
2. 形容词后缀
(1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义
1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible
2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish)
3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive
4)-like, manlike, childlike
5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
6)-some, troublesome, handsome
7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
9)-ent, violent
10)-most, foremost, topmost
11)less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless
3. 动词后缀
1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，变成，……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示"使成为，引起，使有”quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示"使，令”finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用”separate, operate, indicate
4. 副词后缀
(形容词)-ly：bad→badly坏地/恶劣地，careful→carefully小心地
-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地-wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地
单词词性判断可以在词义的理解及书写句子方面帮助学生。
名词有四数：可数与不可数，单数或复数；限定与动词不可忘。四数加限定！
一．怎样确定名词：一般情况下在下列结构中我们可确定所缺空应为名词
◇1．a/an/the +（adj.）+ 名词；a/the book; the rich the disabled the Smiths
◇2．adj.+名词； a big stone; a long river; interesting books
◇3．adv.+ adj.+名词； a very honest boy
◇4．介词+名词；in the room; under construction
◇5．形容词性物主代词+名词；my surprise; his honesty
◇6. 数词+名词；five girls;
◇7．缺的词在句中为主语，表语，宾语时多为名词。They have books.
及时练习1：
1．There has been a 30% growth in the ____(市场) for personal computers.
3．He has discovered a lot of ___________ (发现) in science .
5．I am sorry that I can’t attend the __________(讲座) on American history .
6．She started as a successful merchant but ended up as a __________（乞丐）.
7．There was a surprised _____________（表情）on her face .
8．Our city has experienced great ___________（变化）in the past few years
9．Please give my _________(祝贺)when you see her .
10.Jack took a deep _____________ (呼吸)and then dived into the water.
11.Oliver was unable to give police a ______________(描述)of his attack .
12.The car was a ____________(廉价货)at the price.
动词→名词练习：achieve add argue arrive
respond
retire rude save sail sell 1. market 3 discoveries 5.lecture 6 beggar 7. expression 8 changes 9. congratulations 10. breath 11. description 12. bargain
及时练习2：指出下列文中的名词：
In the early 1990s, the word “Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind（人类）.
Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute.
Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at.
We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, visiting chat rooms or surfing （浏览）websites. There are some games for free. We can meet new and interesting people in the chat now. We can also listen to music and see films.
二．怎样确定名词的单数或复数；可数或不可数
§确定名词单数或复数的方法：
1．由名词前面的数词: 1. I have several ______ (书) on the shelf. 2. This bus can carry 60 (乘客).
2．由名词后的动词单数或复数(即主谓一致): The _____ (建议) are reasonable and some of us will accept them.
3．由句意: Our ______ (教授) held a meeting about how to improve our English.
What is the best-known chain of fast-food (餐馆)in the world.
※及时练习3：判断下列名词正误：
1. They often have fish, meat and vegetable for supper.
2. Mrs. Smith gets well along with her neighbor.
3. They had only three meal of soup every day.
4. Dickens wrote Oliver Twist in the year 1837 - 1838.
5. His new play was a great succeed.
6. The animals are useful to the desert people in many way.
7. As he explored the sea，he took picture and videos of many thing that people had never seen before.
8. They were given kinds of breakfast，and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.
9. School child walked with their shirts，coats and anything else they could find pulled up over their nose.
10. The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over disease.
11. Too many trees have been cut this years.
12. They use camels for carrying water，food，tents and another things.
注意三类名词：
1、总是不可数的名词：1) 物质名词：furniture, equipment,
2) 抽象名词：advice, progress, news, fun, truth, milk, ink, rice, …
2. 根据名词本身的意义：1) 物质名词：water（水水域, rain （雨水
2) 抽象名词：experience(经验愉快
成功遗憾
surprise(惊讶
3. 个体名词总是可数名词：book, desk,
三．限定词：限定词是位于名词或名词词组之前，对他们在特指、泛指或数量等方面起限定作用的一类词。
She showed a certain elegance. The judge divorced the couple. He has got some brains(智慧)!
限定词与形容词的区别主要是：限定词只对名词起限定作用（有些限定词也可用作其他词性，如代词等），而形容词则描述名词的特征、状态等：
We lived in small house. → We lived in a small house.
house 是个体名词，一般来说，个体名词是可数名词，有单数复数形式，单数形式的个体名词(可数名词)除在部分习语或固定搭配中外，一般不可单独使用，须根据具体情况与冠词、不定代词、指示代词或其它限定词连用, 或使用其复数形式。
练习：改正下列错误：1. She should be able to get job in Europe.
2. Mr. Blake was considered excellent music teacher.
3. How did accident happen?
4. I will give you other chance to prove yourself.
5. Do you have class this morning?
6. Important product of South Africa are fruit and gold.
7. She is English teacher.
由于动词在句中有谓语和非谓语两种形式，可根据所缺单词在句中充当的成分来判断此处是否为动词。
一．一般情况下：
◇1. is, am, are, was, were,
◇2. will (wo uld), can (could), must, may, …
◇3. has…, have…,had…，don’t, didn’t, doesn’t…
◇4. V+s: goes, likes, …
◇5. 动词原型：want / go /
以上4项为确定的谓语动词。
句中有了确定的谓语动词后其它的动词形如V-ing /to do/ done（-ed）的为非谓语动词。
You want to know about my staying in America, right? Well, to tell you the truth, it is really an eye-opening experience to study here.
In China, I had English classes five times a week since fifth grade. However, I didn’t know how different textbook English could be from everyday English until I came to Hotchkiss School, Connecticut.
When I first studied English, I was told to say, “I am fine.” when people say “How are you?”But in the US, I found that people say, “I am good.” or “I’m tired.”
One day, someone greeted me with “What’s up?” It made me confused. I thought for a moment and then smiled because I didn’t know what to say.
二. 谓语动词的判断：
1. 主动形式：如何主语实施了谓语动作，意义完整，就是表达主动关系。
He invited to the party…（）
He invited me to the party. （）
He was invited to the party. （）
He was invited him to the party. （）
2. 被动形式：如果主语没有实施谓语动词动作而是承受了该动作，应该用be + done 形式表示，只有过分只能表示被动关系。
He looked this morning. （）
The boy took to the school. （）
The patient sent to the hospital. （）
The shocks and fires caused by the earthquake destroyed the village. （）
三．动词与名词的判断：
1. I'm ready to match my strength against yours.我已经准备好与你较量力气。
He thought he could beat anyone at tennis, but he's met his match in her.
他以为他打网球所向无敌，但遇到她却是旗鼓相当。
a football match 足球比赛
2. She is the picture of her mother. 她活像她的妈妈。
It is hard to picture life a hundred years ago. 我们很难想象一百年前人们的生活。
3. Have you seen any good films lately? 你最近看过什么好电影吗?
The television company is filming in our town. 电视公司正在我们镇上拍片子。
形容词的主要句法作用为表
语和定语，用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词，据此可判断所缺是否为形容词; 副词一般主要用来修饰形容词，副词，动词或整个句子，据此可判断所缺单词是否为副词。
形容词的学习：在下列结构中应该用形容词：
◇a + adj + n a tall boy 写一写：______________ _______________
_____________
◇be + adj. He is tall. 写一写：______________ ______________
______________
◇keep/find/make/think… it adj.to / that ……
◇be + as + adj. + as do + as + adv. + as
*be so / too / very / how / however + adj. (不用adv.)
1）形容词在句子中的句法作用及位置：
⑴作定语时放在名词的前面
．．．．．．．．．．。形容词修饰名词。结构：a/an/ …_______ 名词Li Mei is a beautiful city girl. The new student comes from Japan.
My father’s car is very expensive. The English story is very interesting.
★少数形容词只能作定语 这些形容词包括little, live(活着的), elder, eldest 等，只能作定语，不能作表语。例如：
(正)My elder brother is a doctor. (误)My brother is elder than I.
(正)This is a little house. (误)The house is little.
(正)Do you want live fish or dead one? (误)The old monkey is still live.
★貌似副词的形容词：lonely, friendly, lively, lovely, likely, deadly, daily, weekly,
★后置的情况：①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)
1. Every minute there is _____going on here.
A. exciting something
B. something exciting
C. exciting anything
D. anything exciting
2. This river is about 5 feet ________. A. deep B. widely C. depth D. length
⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后，构成系表结构。结构：连系动词+ 形容词。如：The idea sounds great.
连系动词主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起来), sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, feel（感到，摸起来）.
结构：look / sound / smell / taste / feel / seem / … 形容词
look / sound / smell / taste / feel / seem / …副词（-ly/very / so/…）+形容词
The soup tasted very delicious.
★少数形容词只能作表语这些形容词包括ill, asleep, awake, alone, afraid, well, worth, glad, unable等，只能作表语，不能作定语。(表语形容词) 例如：
(正)Don’t be afraid. (误)Mr. Li is an afraid man.
(正)The old man was ill yesterday. (误)This is an ill person.
(正)This place is worth visiting. (误)That is a worth book.
练习：判断下列形容词所充当的成分：
1. a small German town
2. a light blue sweater
3. It’s nothing serious.
4. He feels lonely.
5. Tom is tall
6. John looks so happy.
2. The man looked at me with a ______ smile. A. friend B. friends C. friendly D. friendlily
3. The neighbors visit the old man, so he doesn’t feel ____ at all.
A. friendly
B. lovely
C. lonely
D. lively
4. The flowers in the garden smell ______. A. nicely B. wonderfully C. well D. nice
5. The _____ boy has been in hospital for a month. A. ill B. sick C. afraid D. alone
6. Don’t eat the meat. It smells ______. A. terrible B. badly C. delicious D. good
7. Here is a ____ mouse. Was it killed by your cat? A. die B. died C. death D. dead E. deadly
8. Mary looks _____ at home. A. happy B. happily C. happier D. more happy
Mary looks _____ at the model in the room. A. happy B. happily C. happier D. more happy
9. I have_____ to do today.
A. anything important
B. something important
C. important nothing
D. important something
10. What a ____ cough！You seem _____ill.
A. terrible，terribly
B. terribly，terrible
C.terrible，terrible
D.terribly，terribly
⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。
如：
★
练习：1. You must keep your eyes _____ when you do eye exercises. A. close B. open C. closed D. opened
2. We should try our best to make our life _______. A. well B. beautifully C. wonderful
D. bad
改错：1. I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
2. The room is so noise.
3. The fish has gone bad. It tastes terribly.
4. I’m sure your illness is caused by something seriously.
5. The mixture of coffee, milk, and sugar tastes differently from tea.
⑷.“the+ 形容词”用作主语及宾语, 作主语时用作复数。
The dead the living the rich the poor the blind the hungry
The old often think of old things. 老年人经常回想往事。
The new always take the place of the old. 新生事物总是会取代旧的事物。
1) The rich ______ often greedy. A. are B. is C. was D. were
The poor are losing hope.
副词的学习
一、用来说明事情发生时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫
做副词。
副词的用法：
1、修饰动词: sing happily , greet sb. politely, talk loudly, listen carefully, rain heavily, sing nicely
2、修饰形容词: badly ill, truly sorry, really sorry
副词的构成：
①大多数情况下由形容词+ly：quiet---quietly correct---correctly polite---politely
②以le结尾的形容词: -e—y terrible—terribly, gentle—gently ，(im) possible—(im) possibly, comfortable—comfortably, simple—simply
③以y结尾的形容词: -y—ily：easy---easily happy---happily heavy---heavily
④一些形容词本身也是副词：long, early, fast, hard，straight
⑤部分形容词和副词是两个完全不同的词：good—well
二、写出下列形容词的副词：
1. bad
2. bright
3.careful
4. clear
5. soft
6. correct
7. excited
8. free
9. loud 10.neat
11. slow 12. close 13. polite 14. nice________ 15. possible 16. gentle https://www.doczj.com/doc/356610706.html,fortable 18.terrible 19.simple
20. angry 21.happy 22.heavy 23.noisy 24. easy
25. hard 26.fast 27. good 28. true 29. late
三、副词在句子中的位置以及作用：
★（副词可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，也可放句首修饰整个句子。）
1）修饰动词时放在该动词后（主要以方式副词-ly或程度副词为主）：It’s raining heavily. 练习：1. He looked at it ______ again. A. care B. carefulness C. careful D. carefully
2. Please do your homework ____________________. (careful)
3. The work isn't hard. I can finish it ____________________. (easy)
4. The girl's voice sounds____. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up.
A. sweet
B. sweetly
C. beautifully
5. The firemen have saved the boy from the fire _______________ (successful).
2) 修饰形容词或副词时，放在该词前面。
You are quite right. Don’t ride too fast. Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well.
练习：1. What a ____ cough! You seem _____ ill.
A. terrible, terribly
B. terribly, terrible
C. terrible, terrible
D. terrible, terribly
2. The cheese cake tasted so _____ that the kids asked for more. A. delicious B.
well C. bad D. badly
3. — W hose picture is better, Jack’s or Tom’s?
— Both of them are good. I think Jack draws Tom.
A. as good as
B. as well as
C. better than
D. worse than
4. The children all looked _______ at the broken model plane and felt quite _______
A. sad, sad
B. sadly, sadly
C. sad, sadly
D. sadly, sad
5. This math problem is _______ and I can do it _______.
A. easy, easily
B. easily, easily
C. easy, easy
D. easily, easy
6. This kind of cake tastes _______. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well
四、填入正确的形容词或副词(注意区分形容词与副词，名词与副词，名词与形容词)
1. She is good at swimming. She can swim very ___________ (good).
2. The __________(early) birds get the worms(虫). So, we have to get up ___________(early).
3. Dick walked into the living room ____________ (quiet).
4. Susan looked
__________(happy) at the party.
5. Marie looks ___________ (happy) at the cat.
6. A _____ (hard) worker works _______ (hard).
7. The ____________ (careful) driver drives ____________ (careful).
1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. ____________ (luck), there was no money in it.
2. Mobile phones are _________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.
3. He put on his coat and went out ____________ (quick).
4. She is __________ (good) than Li Ping at swimming.
5. A lot Chinese people are ___________ (pride) of Yao Ming, a famous basketball star in NBA.
6. —One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.
—Right. The government spoke ___________ of that. (high)
7. Allie asked me ___________ (polite) to put the things away.
8. It’s snowing hard. You must drive _____________ (careful).
9. —This digital camera is really cheap!—The ______ , the better.(cheap) I’m short of money, you see.
10. Hainan is a very large island. It’s the second ____________ (lar ge) island in China.
五、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Jack get up ____________________ today than yesterday. (early)
2. Please do your homework ____________________. (careful)
3. He is too tired to go any ____________________. (far)
4. Le Lei runs __________________ (fast) than I, but he doesn't run as _________________ (fast) as my brother.
5. Exercise Five is ____________________ than Exercise Four. (difficult)
6. He is much ____________________ than I. (thin)
8. There is ____________________ water in the glass than the bottle. (little)
9. He has been ill for few days. He feels even ____________________ today. (bad)
10. Last term he studied hard. He is going to study ____________________ this term. (hard)
改错：
*You always gave me specially attention.
*It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.
*My hometown has taken on a new look. How great it has changed!
1. The fish has gone bad. It tastes terribly.
2. I’m sure your illness is caused by something more seriously than overwork.
3. The new headmaster is much more younger than the old one.
4. Without the Internet, we’ll find it convenient to communicate with others.
5. The mixture of coffee, milk, and sugar tastes differently from tea.
6. People at home and abroad have been great helped by the new computer.
7. You’ll never imagine how good he’s doing in his studies here in Cambridge.
8. We eat simple at home and do not want to spend lots of money on food.
9. They listened to his heart and said there was nothing serious wrong with him.
10. The leaning tower of Pisa is famous not because of its beauty but because it leans dangerous to one side.
副词：在下列结构中一般用副词：
do sth. + 副词Listen to me carefully
副词+ adj. /adv. very carefully
1. I suggest that we have ________(定期) meetings
2. He was ______(好奇) to know what was happening in the office.
3. We were talking on the phone when, _______(突然), the line went dead.
4. I _______(通常
)go to bed at 10:00 p. m, but I stayed up till 11:00 last night.
66. In the battle, about eleven were killed, _______________(包括)the guide.
67. Are coins the same in size, weight and _______________(形状）?
68. A good ____________(开端）is half the battle.
69. All the students in my class _____________(成功）in passing the final exam.
70. The plan should be _____________ (稍微）changed here.
71. The more you listen to English, the _____________(容易）it becomes.
72. Mike got up as early as _____________ (往常）though it was Sunday.
73. People in some African countries _____________(仍然）very poor.
74. Please read the ______________ （说明）before you operate the machine.
75. Do you know when the first computer was ____________（发明）.
66. Your plan needs some ______________（解释）, we are not quite clear about it.
67. Your invitation is sure to be ___________（接受）by Mr. Smith.
68. The little girl was too _________（紧张）to speak at the meeting.
69. There was no wind. The smoke rose __________（笔直）upward.
70. ____________（比较）with yours, my work is far from being good.
71. Everyone has the right to make his own _______________（决定）.
72. Let me know the time of your ____________（到达）.
73. The people's Republic of China was ____________（建立）in 1949.
74. When he was young, he __________（喜欢）volleyball to basketball.
75. Japan depends on foreign countries for ___________（天然的）resources.
所有英语单词词性缩写 prep = 介系词；前置词，preposition的缩写 pron = 代名词，pronoun的缩写 n = 名词，noun的缩写 v = 动词，兼指及物动词和不及物动词，verb的缩写 conj = 连接词，conjunction的缩写 s = 主词 sc = 主词补语 o = 受词 oc = 受词补语 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写 aux.v = 助动词，auxiliary 的缩写 a = 形容词，adjective的缩写 ad = 副词，adverb的缩写 art = 冠词，article的缩写 num = 数词，numeral的缩写 int = 感叹词，interjection的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 pl = 复数，plural的缩写语气词 int. 缩写词 abbr. abbr abbreviation(略)略语 adj, adjjadjective(s)(形)形容词 adv, advvadverb(s)(副)副词 adv partadverbial particle(副接)副词接语 aux auxiliary(助)助动词 cn countable noun(可数)可数名词 conj conjunction(连)连接 def art definite article(定冠)定冠词 egfor example(例如)例如 esp especially(尤指)尤指 etc and the others(等)等等 ie which is to say(意即)意即 indef art indefinite article(不定冠词)不定冠词 inf infinitive(不定词)不定词 int interjection(感)感叹词 n noun(s) (名)名词 neg negative(ly)(否定)否定的(地) part adj participial adjective(分形)分词形容词pers person(人称)人称pers pron personal pronoun(人称代)人称代名词pl plural(复)复数(的) pp past participle (过去分词)过去分词pref prefix(字首)字首prep preposition(al) (介词)介词，介系词，介词的pron pronoun (代)代名词pt past tense(过去)过去式sb somebody(某人)某人sing singular(单)单数(的) sth something(某事物)某物或某事suff suffix(字尾)字尾un uncountable noun(不可数)不可数名词US America(n)(美)美国(的) vverb(s) (动)动词[VP]V erb Pattern(动型)动词类型v iverb intransitive(不及物动词)不及物动词vt verb transitive (及物动词)及物动词 一．名词(Noun.N) 1.定义：人、地、物、事或观念等名称叫做名词。 人：Edison（爱迪生），Helen（海伦），Mr．Wang（王先生） 地：Asia（亚洲），China（中国），New York（纽约） 物：book（书），dog（狗），tree（树），water（水） 事或观念：work（工作），music（音乐），truth（真理） 注： （1）．如人名、地名、国名等属于该名称持有者专用的名称，其第一字母必须大写，如Edison，New York，China。 （2）．名词亦有可数和不可数之分，如果是可数的就有单数和复数的区别。所谓复数就是多于一个的意思，通常是在单数名词的词尾加“-s，es，ies，…”以示其为复数。例如：
英语单词 各种词性 一览表 词性尾缀其实很多，大家主要记住最常用的 1. 名词后缀 1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor 2)-acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy 3)-ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance, diligence, difference, obedience 4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency, 5)-bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, flexibility, feasibility, 6)-dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom 7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood 8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction 9)-ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism 10)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity 11)-ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument 12)-ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 13)-ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship, membership, friendship 14)-th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 15)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔) 16)-ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)， 17-grapy, 表示"……学，写法”biography, calligraphy, geography 18)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics 19)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 20)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学) 2. 形容词后缀 (1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义 1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible 2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish) 3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive
英语单词词性转换 一、动词(v.)→名词(n.) 1、词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词 例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor,collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r. 例如:drive—driver, write—writer等. 2)以辅音字母开头并以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的单词，应双写末尾的辅音字母再加er。例如：run—runner, win—winner,begin—beginner等. 2.在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词 例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告) agree—agreement disagree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵) commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展) 有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论) 3.在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词 例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction; invent—invention discuss—discussion; express—expression educate—education; graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion") compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion") decide—decision conclude—conclusion (把de改为s再加"ion")
词性： 英语里的词汇分为10种词性，分别是：n. 名词 v. 动词 pron. 代词 adj. 形容词 adv. 副词 num.数词 art. 冠词 prep. 介词 conj. 连词 int. 感叹词，除这十大类词之外，英语还另有判断词yes和no。 1.名词 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些） 人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。 2. 形容词 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。例如：afraid 害怕的。 （错） He is an ill man. （对） The man is ill. （错） She is an afraid girl. （对） The girl is afraid. 3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如： something nice 3.副词 副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。 一、副词的位置： 1）在动词之前。 2）在be动词、助动词之后。 3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 副词的作用： （1）作状语，常来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。 （2）作表语，放在be动词的后面。 （3）作定语，常放在它所修饰的名词的后面。 注意： a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。 We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well. 二、副词的排列顺序： 1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：(错) I very like English. (对) I like English very much. 注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。 I don't know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat.
. 所有英语单词词性缩写 prep = 介系词；前置词，preposition的缩写pron = 代名词，pronoun的缩写 n = 名词，noun的缩写 v = 动词，兼指及物动词和不及物动词，verb的缩写conj = 连接词，conjunction的缩写 s = 主词 sc = 主词补语 o = 受词 oc = 受词补语 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写 aux.v = 助动词，auxiliary的缩写 a = 形容词，adjective的缩写 ad = 副词，adverb的缩写 art = 冠词，article的缩写 num = 数词，numeral的缩写 int = 感叹词，interjection的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 pl = 复数，plural的缩写 语气词int. 缩写词abbr. abbr abbreviation(略)略语 adj, adjjadjective(s)(形)形容词 adv, advvadverb(s)(副)副词 adv partadverbial particle(副接)副词接语 aux auxiliary(助)助动词cn countable noun(可数)可数名词 conj conjunction(连)连接 def art definite article(定冠)定冠词 egfor example(例如)例如 esp especially(尤指)尤指 etc and the others(等)等等 ie which is to say(意即)意即 indef art indefinite article(不定冠词)不定冠词 inf infinitive(不定词)不定词 int interjection(感)感叹词 n noun(s) (名)名词 neg negative(ly)(否定)否定的(地) part adj participial adjective(分形)分词形容词pers person(人称)人称 pers pron personal pronoun(人称代)人称代名词pl plural(复)复数(的) pp past participle (过去分词)过去分词 pref prefix(字首)字首 prep preposition(al) (介词)介词，介系词，介词的pron pronoun (代)代名词 pt past tense(过去)过去式 sb somebody(某人)某人 sing singular(单)单数(的) sth something(某事物)某物或某事 suff suffix(字尾)字尾 un uncountable noun(不可数)不可数名词 US America(n)(美)美国(的) vverb(s) (动)动词
英语词性缩写 n = 名词，noun的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 v = 动词，verb的缩写 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb 的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写 aux.v = 助动词，auxiliary verb 的缩写 model verb情态动词 conj = 连接词，conjunction的缩写 adj. = 形容词，adjective的缩写adv.= 副词，adverb的缩写 art. = 冠词，article的缩写 prep = 介词；preposition的缩写pron = 代名词，pronoun的缩写num = 数词，numeral的缩写int. = 感叹词，interjection的缩写 英文基本句式介绍: 五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。 这五个基本句式如下： S十V主谓结构 S十V十P主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 (说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2 ＝直接宾语；C＝补语) 1．S十V
在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。例如： He runs quickly．他跑得快。 They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。The gas has given out．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。 2．S十V十P 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。例如： He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still．他静静地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up．他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。3．S十V十O
所有英语单词词性缩写集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
所有英语单词词性缩写 prep = 介系词；前置词，preposition的缩写 pron = 代名词，pronoun的缩写 n = 名词，noun的缩写 v = 动词，兼指及物动词和不及物动词，verb 的缩写 conj = 连接词，conjunction的缩写 s = 主词 sc = 主词补语 o = 受词 oc = 受词补语 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写aux.v = 助动词，auxiliary的缩写 a = 形容词，adjective的缩写 ad = 副词，adverb的缩写 art = 冠词，article的缩写 num = 数词，numeral的缩写 int = 感叹词，interjection的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 pl = 复数，plural的缩写 语气词 int. 缩写词 abbr. abbr abbreviation(略)略语 adj, adjjadjective(s)(形)形容词adv, advvadverb(s)(副)副词 adv partadverbial particle(副接)副词 接语 aux auxiliary(助)助动词 cn countable noun(可数)可数名词 conj conjunction(连)连接 def art definite article(定冠)定冠词egfor example(例如)例如 esp especially(尤指)尤指 etc and the others(等)等等 ie which is to say(意即)意即 indef art indefinite article(不定冠词)不定冠词 inf infinitive(不定词)不定词 int interjection(感)感叹词 n noun(s) (名)名词 neg negative(ly)(否定)否定的(地) part adj participial adjective(分形) 分词形容词 pers person(人称)人称 pers pron personal pronoun(人称代)人 称代名词 pl plural(复)复数(的) pp past participle (过去分词)过去分词pref prefix(字首)字首 prep preposition(al) (介词)介词，介系词，介词的 pron pronoun (代)代名词 pt past tense(过去)过去式 sb somebody(某人)某人 sing singular(单)单数(的) sth something(某事物)某物或某事
英语单词词性转变的一般规律 1.动词(v.)→名词(n.) (a)词形不变,词性改变 例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词(工作,学习,浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学习,水,植物). (b)一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词 例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor, collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r. 例如:drive—driver, write—writer等. 2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er 例如：run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等. (c)在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词 例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告) agree—agreement disagree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵) commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展) depart离开；出发，起程；违反；去世—department (局,部) govern(统治)—government(政府) manage—management (管理) equip—equipment (装备) 有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论) (d)在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词 例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction; invent—invention discuss—discussion; express—expression educate—education; graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion") compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion") decide—decision conclude—conclusion (把de改为s再加"ion") describe—description描写,描绘 (这是特例,不规则变化) (e)在动词词尾加上-ance变成名词 例如: appear—appearance (外貌;出现) perform—performance (演出) accept—acceptance (接受) (f)在动词词尾加-ing变成名词 (方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同) 例如:meet—meeting build—building wait—waiting bathe—bathing say—saying(谚语) mean—meaning
英语单词词性 英语里的词汇分为10种词性，分别是：n.名词v.动词pron.代词adj.形容词adv.副词num.数词art.冠词prep.介词conj.连词int.感叹词。可分为两大类： 实词：表示实在意义的词，有名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词、副词. 虚词：不表示实在意义而表示语法意义的词，有：介词、连词、助词、叹词. 词性 一、单词词性 (一)、名词(nouns）n. 名词是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns和普通名词(Common Nouns）。专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等；普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。 1、可数名词的复数形式 名词复数的规则变化:一般加s或es 名词复数的不规则变化: 1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 2）单复同形如： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。 2、名词的格 在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book。名词所有格的规则如下： 1）单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。 2）若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加"'"，如：the workers' struggle工人的斗争。
英语里的词汇分为10种词性，分别是：n. 名词 v. 动词 pron. 代词 adj. 形容词 adv. 副词 num.数词 art. 冠词 prep. 介词 conj. 连词 int. 感叹词，除这十大类词之外，英语还另有判断词yes和no。 分类 实词：表示实在意义的词，有名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词、副词。 虚词：不表示实在意义而表示语法意义的词，有：介词、连词、助词、叹词。 词性 一、实词 1.名词(nouns）n.： 名词是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。 2.代词（pronoun）pron.： 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。 3.数词（numeral）Num.： 表示“多少”和“第几”的词，叫数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。 4.形容词(adjective）adj.或a.； 很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词，表示事物的特征。形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏，与否。 5.副词（adverb)adv.：
动词变名词 + ment 结尾 achieve---achievement 成就 advertise--- advertisement词+ ed balance –balanced 平衡的 spot 斑点，地点----spotted 有斑点的 talent-----talented 有天赋的 organized 有组织的 distusted 厌恶的 offended 生气的 crowded 拥挤的 polluted 被污染的 pleased 高兴的 3．名词+ ful/less meaning—meaningful 有意义的 care—careful/ careless 小心的；粗心的 help---helpful / helpless home—homeless 无家可归的 colour---colourful pain 疼痛---painful 痛苦的 use---useless/ useful thank—thankful 充满感激的 peace 和平 ---- peaceful 平静的，宁静的 playful 顽皮的，爱玩耍的 4．名词+ able adjustable 可调整的 comfort---comfortable knowledge---knowledgeable
suit 一套-----suitable 合适的 5.名词+ ous enormous 巨大的 danger—dangerous mystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的 变 t confidence----confident difference---different 7. al 结尾 medicine 药----medical 医学的 music---musical nature---natural 自然的 person---personal (nation—national 国家的私人的) education---educational有教育意义的 tradition----traditional 传统的 origin起源---original 新颖的；独创的 8．名词+ ly friend—friendly live---lively 活跃的，有生气的 love—lovely 可爱的 9.+ en 结尾 wood—wooden 木制的 wool—woolen 羊毛的 10. 其他 energy精力---energetic fool 傻子—foolish 愚蠢的
英语单词词性 词性尾缀其实很多，大家主要记住最常用的 1. 名词后缀 1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor 2)-acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy 3)-ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance, diligence, difference, obedience 4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency, 5)-bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, flexibility, feasibility, 6)-dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom 7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood 8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction 9)-ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism 10)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity 11)-ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument 12)-ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 13)-ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship, membership, friendship 14)-th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 15)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔) 16)-ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)， 17-grapy, 表示"……学，写法”biography, calligraphy, geography 18)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics 19)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 20)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学) 2. 形容词后缀 (1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义 1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible 2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish) 3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive 4)-like, manlike, childlike 5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 6)-some, troublesome, handsome 7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various 9)-ent, violent 10)-most, foremost, topmost 11)less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless
单词词性判断可以在词义的理解及书写句子方面帮助学生。 名词有四数：可数与不可数，单数或复数；限定与动词不可忘。四数加限定！ 一．怎样确定名词：一般情况下在下列结构中我们可确定所缺空应为名词 ◇1．a/an/the +（adj.）+ 名词；a/the book; the rich the disabled the Smiths ◇2．adj.+名词； a big stone; a long river; interesting books ◇3．adv.+ adj.+名词； a very honest boy ◇4．介词+名词；in the room; under construction ◇5．形容词性物主代词+名词；my surprise; his honesty ◇6. 数词+名词；five girls; ◇7．缺的词在句中为主语，表语，宾语时多为名词。 They have books. 及时练习1： 1．There has been a 30% growth in the ____(市场) for personal computers. 3．He has discovered a lot of ___________ (发现) in science . 5．I am sorry that I can’t attend the __________(讲座) on American history . 6．She started as a successful merchant but ended up as a __________（乞丐）. 7．There was a surprised _____________（表情）on her face . 8．Our city has experienced great ___________（变化）in the past few years 9．Please give my _________(祝贺)when you see her . 10.Jack took a deep _____________ (呼吸)and then dived into the water. 11.Oliver was unable to give police a ______________(描述)of his attack . 12.The car was a ____________(廉价货)at the price. 动词→名词练习：achieve add argue arrive respond retire rude save sail sell 1. market 3 discoveries 5.lecture 6 beggar 7. expression 8 changes 9. congratulations 10. breath 11. description 12. bargain 及时练习2：指出下列文中的名词： In the early 1990s, the word “Internet”was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind （人类）. Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute. Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword
英语单词词性大全 英语单词词性 n. 名词v. 动词pron. 代词 adj. 形容词adv. 副词num.数词 art. 冠词prep. 介词conj. 连词 interj. 感叹词 英语词性缩写 prep = 介系词；前置词，preposition的缩写 pron = 代名词，pronoun的缩写 n = 名词，noun的缩写 v = 动词，兼指及物动词和不及物动词，verb的缩写conj = 连接词，conjunction的缩写 s = 主词 sc = 主词补语 o = 受词 oc = 受词补语 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写 aux.v = 助动词，auxiliary的缩写 adj = 形容词，adjective的缩写 adv = 副词，adverb的缩写
art = 冠词，article的缩写 num = 数词，numeral的缩写 int = 感叹词，interjection的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 pl = 复数，plural的缩写 语气词int. 缩写词abbr. abbr abbreviation(略)略语 adj, adjjadjective(s)(形)形容词 adv, advvadverb(s)(副)副词 adv partadverbial particle(副接)副词接语 aux auxiliary(助)助动词 cn countable noun(可数)可数名词 conj conjunction(连)连接 def art definite article(定冠)定冠词 egfor example(例如)例如 esp especially(尤指)尤指 etc and the others(等)等等 ie which is to say(意即)意即 indef art indefinite article(不定冠词)不定冠词inf infinitive(不定词)不定词
n. 名词v. 动词pron. 代词 adj. 形容词adv. 副词num.数词 art. 冠词prep. 介词conj. 连词 interj. 感叹词 英语词性缩写 prep = 介系词；前置词，preposition的缩写 pron = 代名词，pronoun的缩写 n = 名词，noun的缩写 v = 动词，兼指及物动词和不及物动词，verb的缩写conj = 连接词，conjunction的缩写 s = 主词 sc = 主词补语 o = 受词 oc = 受词补语 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写 aux.v = 助动词，auxiliary的缩写 adj = 形容词，adjective的缩写 adv = 副词，adverb的缩写 art = 冠词，article的缩写 num = 数词，numeral的缩写 int = 感叹词，interjection的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 pl = 复数，plural的缩写 语气词int. 缩写词abbr. abbr abbreviation(略)略语 aux auxiliary(助)助动词 def art definite article(定冠)定冠词 indef art indefinite article(不定冠词)不定冠词 inf infinitive(不定词)不定词 int interjection(感)感叹词 part adj participial adjective(分形)分词形容词 pers pron personal pronoun(人称代)人称代名词