50个小麦品种的苗期耐盐性比较
Salt-Tolerance Comparison of Fifty Wheat Varieties at Seedling Stage
Ruan Jian1，2，Li Nana3，Cui Haiyan4，Zhang Bin2，Gong Yongchao3，Ding Hanfeng3，Peng Zhenying1，2
（1. College of Life Sciences， Shandong University， Jinan 250100， China；
2. Biotechnology Research Center， Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement， Ecology and Physiology， Jinan 250100， China；
3. Shandong Centre of Crop Germplasm Resources， Jinan 250100，China；
4. Maize Research Institute， Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Jinan 250100， China）
Abstract The seeds of 50 wheat varieties with different
salt-tolerance were taken as experimental materials. They were used for water culture with 1.3% NaCl to investigate their salt-tolerance during germination and seedling stages. The germination rate， plant height and root length on the 8th day were measured and analyzed to evaluate the salt-tolerance differences of the 50 wheat cultivars.The results showed that five first-grade salt-tolerant
varieties （Yannong 5158， Lumai 21， Yannong 19， Yannong 0428 and Shannong Purple Wheat 1）， fourteen second-grade salt-resistant varieties and four salt-sensitive varieties （Shi H68-366， Tengmai 3， Bima 4 and Tainong 18） were screened out. Through cluster analysis based on the salt-tolerant membership function value of 50 wheat germplasm materials， they were divided into five categories. This research could provide certain theoretical supports for salt-resistant breeding in wheat.
Keywords Wheat；Germination rate；Plant height； Root length；Salt tolerance
世界范围内的土壤盐渍化程度越来越严重，已经成为限制农作物生长的主要胁迫环境，严重制约农业的发展。据联合国粮农组织统计，全世界盐渍土壤面积约9.5×108 hm2，占世界陆地总面积的7.26%[1]。根据农业部全国土壤普查资料统计，我国盐渍土面积为3 466.7×104 hm2 ，其中已开垦种植的约有666.7×104 h m2。我国盐渍土壤主要分布于新疆、内蒙、青海以及山东黄河三角洲地带，并且有逐年增加的趋势[1-4]。盐渍土是我国重要土地资源的一部分。我国盐渍土壤的改良利用已经取得巨大成就，将不少盐碱地改造成了良田。但是许多盐碱地地处偏远，降雨又少，改良相当困难。因此，培育耐盐作物品种是一种既经济又环保的措施
[4-6]。
小麦是我国三大粮食作物之一，也是盐碱地的主要栽培作物之一，但是不同小麦品种（系）的耐盐性差异很大。在人口、粮食、土地矛盾日益