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高考英语完形填空、阅读理解精练各三篇（附详细解析）
纵观近几年高考完形填空题，我们不难发现：1、语境选择项增多；2、选项设计一般为同一词类，或属同一范畴；3、难选之处前后多有暗示；4、选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或以叙为主的议论文。
根据高考试题的特点和命题的发展趋势，在复习备考中，对记叙文、以叙为主的议论文及某些具有一定哲理和教育意义的纯议论性短文都要加强练习。笔者精选三篇不同体裁的典型文章进行供同学们练习，并附详细解析，希望能帮助同学们在这一题型上积累经验，有所突破。
（ A ）
In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. In the middle of complete damage and disorder, a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, ___1__ that the building was ___2___.
After the unforgettably shock, he ___3___ the promise he had made to his son: "No matter ___4___, I'll always be there for you!" And tears began to ___5___ his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his ___6___ to his son. He rushed there and started ___7___ the ruins.
As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, ___8___: "It's too late! They're all dead! ___9___, face reality, there's nothing you can do!" To each parent he responded with ___10___: "Are you going to help me now?" No one helped. And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone.
Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know ___11___: "Is my boy ___12____ or is he dead?" He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in ___13____ hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son's __14____. He screamed his son's name, "ARMAND!" He heard back, "Dad!?! It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry.
I told them that if you were alive, you __15____ me and __16____ you saved me, they'd be saved. You promised, 'No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you!' You did it, Dad!"
"What's going on in there? " the father asked.
"There are 14 of us __17____ __18____ 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building collapsed, it made __19____, and it saved us."
"Come out, boy!"
"No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, __20____ I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me!"
1. A. only discovering B. only to discover C. only realizing D. only to realize
2. A. as flat as a pancake B. as high as a mountain
C. as strong as an ox
D. as weak as a kitten
3. A. memorized B. forgot C. kept D. remembered
4. A. what B. what happen C. which D. who
5. A. fill B. fill in C. come D. burst
6. A. picture B. promise C. present D. encourage
7. A. digging B. digging through C. digging out D. digging into
8. A. to say B. said C. and saying D. saying
9. A. Come out B. Come again C. Come on D. Come off
10. A. one word B. one sound C. one row D. one line
11. A. for himself B. of himself C. by himself D. to himself
12. A. live B. living C. alive D. lively
13. A. 38 B. the 38 C. 38th D. the 38th
14. A. sound B. voice C. noise D. tone
15. A. will save B. would save C. save D. would have saved
16. A. when B. because C. even if D. though
17. A. remained B. missing C. left D. gone
18. A. for B. behind C. out of D. over
19. A. a promise B. space C. room D. a triangle
20. A. because B. though C. when D. even though
本文是一篇故事情节较强的记叙文。文章讲述了“父亲如何履行自己曾对儿子许下的诺言”，故事生动、感人，极富吸引力。
记事性记叙文相对而言，难度不大，考生容易把握文意，通过理解主题句，按照记叙文的基本要素理清文章的主题、背景、时间、地点、人物、事件经过等，把握文章的发展方向，就能顺利达到“完形”的目的。
解题指导：
1. B only to do sth.“结果却，不料”，作结果状语，表示该结果在主语的预料之外；现在分词作结果状语，表示由主句所产生的逻辑上的结果。realize在脑海里经过思维“认识到，了解”；find在表面上就能“发现，看出”。
2. A 这四个选项都是英语成语，根据本段第一句an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America判断，选择A项。
3. D 从意义上判断，“他想起了他曾对他儿子许下的诺言”；memorized是“背诵，熟记”。
4. A 从结构上分析，该句是省略了谓语动词的省略句，省略谓语之后，意义仍然清楚，如不省略动词，则使用第三人称单数happens。从意义上分析，可排除C、D项。
5. A 表示“流泪”，这几个动词都可能表示这种意义，但句式搭配不同，其表现形式分别为Tears fill his eyes；Tears come into his eyes；He bursts into tears。
6. B 从上下文意义判断，“他不停地想起他对他儿子许下的诺言”。
7. B 动词和动词短语是完形填空设项的重点之一。此题要分清这四项的不同含义。dig 及物动词，“掘（土），挖”；dig through“（为找……）在……里挖掘”；dig out “发掘出”dig into“钻研”。
8. D 从结构上分析，应该用现在分词作伴随状语，用and则表示并列，用said。
9. C Come on表示劝说，不耐烦，意为“得啦！，来！”，可用Come, Come,代替。
10. D 从词义上判断one line“一句话（台词）”，A项中的one word干扰性较大，它表示“一个词”，如用words 是正确的。
11. A “介词+反身代词”有固定含义，for oneself独自地，亲自；by oneself单独地；of oneself自行地，自动地；to oneself 对（着）自己。
12. C 这四个词都有“活着的”之意，live仅用作定语，作表语用living ，alive 。living 和alive在意义上有细微差别，living可作定语和表语，含有“本以为死了，然而还活着”，又如：I can’t believe my first teacher is still living。alive作表语和后置定语，其含义与dead 相对应。lively“生动的，活跃的”。
13. D “在第38小时的时候，……”，序数词之前要用定冠词。
14. B 注意这四个词的区别：sound “（各种）声音”；voice “（人们说话的）嗓
音”noise“（不悦耳的）嘈音”；tone“（人们说话的）语气，语调”。
15. B 这是表将来的虚拟语气，主句中用would +动词原形，从下文的句子中也能找到类似的句子。
16. A 从意义上判断，“如果你来救我，他们也会得救。”是条件状语从句，应该用if 引导，然而选项中没有if，when与if同义，引导条件状语从句。even if 引导让步状语从句。
17. C 此题包含一个固定句型：There are … left. “还有……剩余下来”。
18. C 14 …out of 33 意为：33人中有14人活下来。out of “从……里面”。特别注意此题中的介词与前面的left没有任何联系。如果没有意识到这点，极可能会选错。
19. D 从意义上判断，“房屋倒塌时，自然形成的三角空隙”。而make room; make space 意为“（有意识地）为……腾出空间”。
20. A 从上下文意义判断，此句为原因状语从句。
（ B ）
My ears are recently full of joyous remarks from my friends such as, “oh, Beckh am is so handsome, so cool, that I can’t help falling in love with him!” Or “what perfect skills he has!” Yeah, I agree 1some degree, though I sometimes do want to ask them how much they 2 Beckham, apart from his appearance and how much they know about football 3 scoring goals. It seems funny that we are crazy for things, with which we are unfamiliar or 4 we are uncertain, but we all, my friends 5 I, consider this 6 .
We need these pleasures to brighten up our lives. But that doesn’t amount to craziness 7 nonsense（胡闹）. As an old saying 8 : “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” We should not 9 anything from its appearance. We should all know, it is one’s good character and great contribution that 10 one a star and unforge ttable. Therefore we’d better say 11 about Beckham’s good looks.
If we close our eyes, 12 in deep thought, we can find that the things 13 us to be in truth happy, sad or moved 14 a clear meaning. If we don’t go deeper and just satisfied with superficial（表面的）things, 15 we will find that we have not really gained anything 16 our first impression has blinded and misled us, and we’ll remain ignorant（愚昧无知的）17 we realize that and make some changes.
It is believed that thinking and going deeper than before is sign of great 18 . If one day we are willing to go deeper into everything, no matter how much it 19 us, we will finally prove how much we have grown up, how much more sensible (明智的), mature, and intelligent we have 20 .
1.A. to B. on C. in D. at
2. A. learn from B. learn C. know D. know about
3. A. rather than B. except for C. except D. apart from
4. A. with which B. about that C. about which D. which
5. A. not B. as well as C. rather than D. but
6. A. one of life’s pleasures B. pleasures of life
C. one of life’s sorrow
D. one of life’s regrets
7. A. nor B. and C. or D. or else
8. A. speaks B. talks C. tells D. goes
9.A. take B. judge C. accept D. conclude
10. A. makes B. causes C. builds D. create
11. A. more B. much C. worse D. less
12. A. fell B. fallen C. falling D. fall
13. A. that move B. that moves C. move D. moves
14. A. lack B. have C. include D. cover
15. A. in fact B. indeed C. in a while D. sooner or later
16. A. so B. even though C. because D. although
17. A. even if B. although C. unless D. if
18. A. joy B. progress C. effort D. work
19. A. cares B. pains C. worries D. minds
20. A. come B. made C. had D. become
本文是一篇具有一定哲理和教育意义的、夹叙夹议的议论文。文章通过讲述“盲目追星”这一事例，阐明了“看问题不要只看表面，而要‘Go Deep’注重内含”这一论点。
近几年高考完形填空题多采用这种体裁，必须引起高度重视。这类短文常常引用某一具体事例加以阐发，分析事物的发展方向，从而得出结论。文章的结构严谨，逻辑性较强。对学生的语篇整体理解能力和连贯思维能力有较高的要求。
解题指导：
1.A 介词的固定搭配，“在某种程度上”。
2.D know about “了解”从下文中也能找到相同的短语。
3.D apart from “除……外，还有……”，具有“附加性质”。其他选项具有“排他性质”。从上文中也能找到相同的短语。
4.C 此题为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，about 与be uncertain搭配。
5.B 从上文中的we all判断，“不仅仅是我，还有我的朋友”。
6.A 从结构上判断，此句含有宾语和宾补结构，宾语为this，后用单数。从下文的意义上判断，为“生活中的乐趣之一”。
7.C 否定句中用or连接。“不要达到疯狂和胡闹的程度”。
8.D “正如俗语所说的”，此四个选项都有“说”之意，然而它们都有自己的搭配，
A. speaks“说语言，演讲”；
B. talks “交谈”；
C. tells“告诉”；如用says是正确的，此题中的goes与says同义。
9.B judge…by…或judge… from…“根据……判断”，从上句中能找到相同的意义。
10.A “是一个人好的品德和贡献才得以成为明星”。make 之后接复合宾语。
11.D 从上下文意义上判断，“在外貌上要少说”。
12.C 从句子结构上分析，用现在分词形式作伴随状语。
13.A 从句子结构上分析，此处为定语从句，that代替先行词things，所以谓语用复数形式，关系代词在从句中作主语，that 不能省略。
14.B 此句的句子结构较复杂，主语是前面的the things ，此题要填谓语动词，由于主语和谓语之间有一个定语从句，造成了句子的复杂性。意义为“……有明确的意义”。
15.D 从意义上判断，“如果我们不注重内含，满足表面的东西，迟早会发现我们将一无所获”。
16.C 从句子的连接上分析有“因果”关系。
17.C 从意义上判断，“除非我们意识到这点并做某些改变，否则的话……”。
18.B 从意义上判断，“更注重内含是一个人进步（成熟）的象征”。
19.B pains在此为及物动词，意为“费（苦）心”，这种意义与上下文是相通的。
20.D 根据句子结构判断，应该用系动词。
（ C ）
Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are ___1___ than housewives, Evidence（证据）shows that ___2___ are in poorer health than the job-holders. A study shows ___3___ the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases correspondingly（相应地）by 2%. All this ___4___ one point: Work is helpful to health.
Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, __5____ loneliness and solitude（孤独）. Researches show that people feel __6____ and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are ___7___. Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as ___8___ between man and reality. By work, people ___9___ each other. By collective（集体的）activity, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work __10___ the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and makes him liable to（易于）___11___.
__12____, work gives one a sense of fulfillment （充实感）and a sense of ___13___. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When ___14___ finishes his writing or a doctor successfully __15____ a patient or a teacher sees his students ___16___, they are happy __17____.
From the above we can come to the conclusion ___18___ the more you work, __19____ you will be. Let us work hard, __20___ and live a happy and healthy life.
1. A. more healthier B. healthier C. weaker D. worse
2. A. career women B. the busy C. the jobless D. the hard-working
3. A. that whenever B. whether C. that though D. since
4. A. comes down to B. equals to C. adds up to D. amounts to
5. A. 不填 B. off C. in touch with D. away from
6. A. happy, interested B. glad, joyful
C. cheerful, concerned
D. unhappy, worried
7. A. busy B. free C. lazy D. empty
8. A. a river B. a gap C. a channel D. a bridge
9. A. come across B. come into contact with
C. look down upon
D. watch over
10. A. means B. stands C. equals D. matches
11. A. success B. death C. victory D. disease
12. A. Besides B. Nevertheless C. However D. Yet
13. A. disappointment B. achievement C. regret D. apology
14. A. a worker B. a farmer C. a writer D. a manager
15. A. manages B. controls C. operates on D. deals with
16. A. raise B. grow C. rise D. increase
17. A. in a word B. without a word C. at a word D. beyond words
18. A. that B. which C. what D 不填.
19. A. the lonelier and weaker B. lonelier and weaker
C. happier and healthier
D. the happier and healthier
20. A. study well B. studying well C. study good D. studying good
本文是一篇议论文。作者围绕“努力工作有益于身体健康”这一论点进行展开。
体裁为纯议论性的完形填空题也是高考命题的一大趋势，对考生来说，这类试题有一定的难度。解题时不仅要注意句子中的词语搭配，更要从整体上把握文章的结构，按照文章的行文逻辑进行合理的推断。如本题中的第2、6、7、12、13、19小题。
解题指导：
1. B 从文章的主题句Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women.分析，可得出“职业妇女比家庭主妇更健康”。A项为语法错误。
2. C 根据上一句进行逻辑推理，“没有工作的人比有工作的人身体差”。
3. A 从结构上分析，在宾语从句中又有一个时间状语从句。意为“研究表明当失业率上升1%，死亡率相应上升2%。”
4. A 动词短语意义的区别是完形填空的常考点，考生须平时注意积累。come down to “归结为”；equal to“等于”；add up to “合计”；amount to“总共到；相当于”。
5. D 此题的干扰性较大，需从意义和结构两方面进行分析，A项“不填”似乎有可能，但从结构上推敲，显然不符“keep sb. + adj.”结构；再从意义上分析，可排除B、C项。此题的意义为“使人们免遭孤独和寂寞”。
6.D 从下文…and lonely when they have nothing to do进行逻辑推理，意义为“没事做的人会感到unhappy, worried and lonely”。
7.A 从上下文逻辑上判断。“最快乐的人是那些大忙人。”
8. D 从下一句分析，意为“工作当作人与现实生活联系的桥梁”。
9. B 从意义上判断，“通过工作人们相互联系（接触）”。
10. A means“意味着”。
11. D 从意义上分析，A、C项不符合上下文的逻辑关系，B项过于严重，还达不到“死亡”的程度。
12. A 从文章的篇章结构上分析，上文讲述的是工作给人们带来的益处，下文还是讲述这方面的内容，属“递进”的关系，而不是“转折”的关系。所以选A。
13. B 从意义上判断，此题必须同前面的a sense of fulfillment（充实感）意义相类似。所以选B项，意为“成就感”
14. C 从下文的his writing可判断出答案。
15. C 根据医生从事的工作性质可断定是“成功地为病人动手术”。
16. B “老师看到学生成长”，主要表示在知识、阅历上的长进。
17. D beyond words“无法用语言表达”；in a word“简言之”；without a word “二话没说”；at a word“反应迅速地，立即”。
18. A 从语法结构上分析，conclusion之后为一个同位语从句，根据同位语从句的特点，that不能省略，也不能用which和what。
19. D 从全文意义上分析，“工作越多，人就会越高兴、越健康”。而不是“越寂寞、越虚弱”。从句子结构上分析，此题含有一个“the more … ,the more…”句型。
20. A 从句子结构上判断，此句为三个谓语动词并列。同时注意修饰动词要用副词well，不能用形容词good。
英语阅读理解精练三篇附详细解析
(A)
Ed Viesturs grew up in Rockford, Illinois, where the tallest thing on the horizon was the water tower. But on Thursday, Viesturs became the only American to climb to the top of the world's 14 highest mountains.
His last hike was up Mount Annapurna, in Asia's snowcapped Himalayas. At 26,545 feet, its peak is the 10th highest in the world. It is the mountain that inspired him to start climbing.
"It tends to be the trickiest, the most dangerous," said Viesturs. "There's no simple way to climb it. There are threatening avalanches (雪崩) and ice falls that protect the mountain."
In high school, Viesturs read French climber Maurice Herzog's tale of climbing the icy Annapurna. Herzog's story was of frostbite (冻伤) and difficulty and near-death experiences. Viesturs was hooked right away.
Viesturs got his start on Washington's Mount Rainier in 1977, guiding hikes in the summer. Fifteen years ago, he set out to walk up to the world's highest peaks. Finally, he's done.
The pioneering climber talks about mountains as if they were living creatures that should be treated with respect. "You have to use all of your senses, all of your abilities to see if the mountain will let you climb it," said Viesturs. "If we have the patience and the respect, and if we're here at the right time, under the right circumstances, they allow us to go up, and allow us to come down."
What's next for a man who can't stop climbing? "I'm going to hug my wife and kids and kind of kick back and enjoy the summer," says Viesturs. But for a man who's climbed the world's 14 tallest mountains, he will probably soon set off on yet another adventure.
1. What record has Ed Viesturs set?
A. He has succeeded in climbing to the world’s 14th highest mountain.
B. He has been to the top of the world’s 14 highest mountains.
C. He has become the first to climb to the height of 26,545feet.
D. He has become the first man to climb to the top of 14 highest mountains in the world.
2. The underlined word “hooked” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by “______”.
A. frightened
B. discouraged
C. interested
D. upset
3. The author used Viestures’ words in Paragraph 6 to support a view that ______.
A. mountain climbing is a dangerous sport
B. mountains should be regarded as living creatures
C. mountain climbing needs more skills than physical energy
D. those who like mountain climbing wo n’t stop climbing
4. What’s the next probably plan of Viestures?
A. Stopping climbing and staying with his family.
B. Climbing to the top of the world’s 14 tallest mountains again.
C. Climbing another one of the highest mountains.
D. Writing down the experiences about his adventure.
(B)
Although hurricane season doesn't begin until June 1, a Pacific storm has already struck. El Salvador, which was ruined by a Caribbean storm in 1995, was hit by Hurricane Adrian on Friday. This is the first Pacific-born hurricane to ever reach land in this Central American country.
Some 14,000 people left from the western coast of El Salvador. The storm weakened as it crossed land, heading east. Heavy rains created deadly flooding problems in the hurricane's wake.
Adrian is the first Pacific storm of the season. It reported maximum continuous winds of 75 miles per hour, the minimum strength of a hurricane. A Category 3 hurricane, Adrian also caused damage and flooding in Honduras. It is expected to break up before reaching the Caribbean Sea on the eastern coast of Central America.
Hurricane season typically begins June 1 and lasts through November 30. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has predicted (预告) seven to nine hurricanes for the 2005 season.
"It is difficult to make any kind of an exact prediction of how many of these will strike land," NOAA administrator Conrad Lautenbacher said. He predicts two to three hurricanes will strike the U.S. this season.
Last year, six of nine hurricanes reached Category 3 strength or higher. Four of those hit Florida within a six-week period. Altogether, Hurricanes Charley, Frances, Ivan, and Jeanne caused more than $40 billion in damage in the Sunshine State.
This year's forecast is based on ocean temperatures. Warmer temperatures produce more tropical storms, which can then turn into hurricanes.
"The issue, really, this year is the unusually warm sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic," said Frank Lepore of the National Hurricane Center.
5. Which of the following is the 2005 first hurricane?
A. Charley.
B. Adrian.
C. Jeanne.
D. Frances.
6. How many countries struck by the hurricane are mentioned in the text?
A. Six.
B. Nine.
C. Five.
D. Three.
7. We can infer that warmer ocean temperatures ______.
A. have nothing to do with the hurricane
B. cause less hurricane
C. are more likely to cause the hurricanes
D. do a lot of damage to the areas along the coast
8. The passage implies that _______.
A. hurricane season comes early this year
B. every hurricane formed in oceans could cause great damage to the land
C. hurricane often comes in winter and spring
D. tropical storm is more severe than hurricane
(C)
It's not quite a rat. Nor is it a squirrel, or a mouse. It's definitely a rodent (啮齿目动物), and it's also a brand-new family of mammals.
The locals of the Southeast Asian country of Laos call the creature a kha-nyou (ga-nyou). The kha-nyou have long body hair, short legs, and a hairy tail less thick than a squirrel's. They're vegetarians living in the rocky hills of Laos, and they come out at night, but for more information, you'll have to ask the Lao people.
"It was for sale on a table next to some vegetables. I knew immediately it was something I had never seen before," said Robert Timmins, a researcher for the Wildlife Conservation Society. Timmins was working in Laos to stop people from selling endangered animals when he spotted the species. Criminals who trade illegal wildlife can make a lot of money, but they also push the animals closer to disappearing from the planet.
The kha-nyou live in karsts, or rough rock. Mark Robinson, a scientist with the World Wildlife Foundation, set out with Lao villagers to find a few more of the rodents for study. They climbed onto a karst, trapped with rice, and caught several.
"To find something so unusual in this day and age is just extraordinary," said Timmins. "For all we know, this could be the last remaining animal family left to be discovered."
It's a big deal to discover an entirely new family of animals. Humans, for instance, belong to the same family as great apes, chimpanzees, and gorillas. So even though kha-nyous look like rats, they're really very different. The last time scientists discovered a new family of mammals may have been in the 1970s, when they found new bats in Thailand.
Timmins seems to have the gift for finding new animals in Laos—he discovered a new species of rabbit there in 1999.
Scientists call the kha-nyou Laonastes aenigmamus, which means "mysterious mouse that lives among the stones." But if that's too hard, Timmins and Robinson suggest you call them "rock rats."
9. Which of the following is not the name for this new creature?
A. Karsts.
B. Kha-nyou.
C. rock rats.
D. Laonastes aenigmamus.
10. Which of the following cannot describe the new species of rodent?
A. They live among the rocky hills of Laos.
B. They live on meat of other animals.
C. They look like rats but are of different kind.
D. They are of the latest discovery of a new species.
11. Which of the following is the last discovery of new species of animal except the rodent?
A. A new kind of bats.
B. Great apes.
C. A new kind of squirrel.
D. A new kind of rabbit.
12. It implies in the passage that ______.
A. finding a new animal family in Southeast Asia is easy
B. finding a new animal family in modern time is extremely rare
C. in Southeast Asia new species of animals are often discovered
D. animals that look like the same are of the same family
参考答案及详解
(A)
这是一篇人物类短文。本文介绍了登山之王Viesturs的登山成就。他是唯一已经成功地征服了14座世界最高峰的美国人。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“But on Thursday, Viesturs became the only American to climb to the world’s 14 highest mountains.”可知：Viesturs已经成功地征服了14座世界最高峰的美国人。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据上文介绍的Viesturs的登山成就推测，hooked意为“感兴趣的”。如果是“被吓倒、泄气或不安”，就不可能取得那么辉煌的成就，显然，这几项不符文意。
3. B 段落主旨题。此段首句“The pioneering climber talks about mountains as if they were living creatures that should be treated with respect.”就是本段的主题，下文Viesturs所说的话是用来说明这一主题的。
4. C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“But for a man who’s climbed the world’s 14 tallest mountains, he will probably soon set off on yet another adventure”可得答案。
(B)
这是一篇自然类短文。飓风的发生一般是有季节性的，但今年飓风比以往来得更早，这与海洋温度的升高有密切关系。
5. B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“El Salvador… was hit by Hurricane Adrian on Friday.”可知
6. D. 细节理解题。受hurricane侵袭的国家在文中提到的只有三个：El Salvador, the U.S., and Honduras. Florida是美国的一个州名，其余Charley, Frances, Ivan Jeanne等指的是飓风的名称而非国名。
7. C 推断题。根据倒数第二段的第二句话“Warmer temperatures produce more tropical storms, which can then turn into hurricane ”可知。
8. A 推断题。根据第一段的第一句话“Although hurricane season doesn’t begin until June 1, a Pacific storm already struck.”可知：今年的飓风比以往来得更早些。
(C)
这是一篇科普类短文。本文介绍了有关动物种类发现的最新动态，一种貌似老鼠，却与老鼠不同的全新的哺乳动物。
9. A 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句话“The Kha-nyou live in Karsts, or rough rock.”可知Karsts表示地方，并不是名称。
10. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“They’re vegetarians living in the rocky hills of Laos”可知：rodent是蔬食者而非肉食者。
11. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“he discovered a new species of rabbit there in 1999”可得答案。
12. B 推断题。根据第五段及全文意义推断可知：在现代，由于某种原因（如：环境污染，人们捕杀），要发现一种新的动物种类是罕见。
摘要：随着中国经济的快速蓬勃发展和企业规模的不断壮大，内部审计作为公司治理的一个组成部分，其职能逐渐扩展，地位也越来越重要。审计理论随着审计实践的发展而不断更新，审计“免疫系统”论就是从这一进程中凝练出来的。
高考英语完形填空综合解析 要提高完形填空的解题能力，首先应该综合全面地了解完形填空。要了解完形填空，我们需要回答五个问题。第一个问题：什么是完形填空？第二个问题：完形填空的特点是什么？第三个问题：学生存在的问题是什么？第四个问题：如何解完形填空？第五个问题：平时如何训练？只有解决了这五个问题，才能有的放矢地对完形填空进行教学和研究。 一、什么是完形填空？ 完形填空又称综合填空，其命题原理是格式塔心理学。格式塔心理学强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。简单说完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。如果空格要求学生填入连词、介词、冠词等，则空格为功能性空格；如果要求填入名词、形容词、动词等实义词，则空格为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，完形填空以语义空格为主，语法部分的内容已经弱化为对词法的考查。完形填空的空格分为四种类型：词内项、词间项、句内项、句间项，难度是逐渐上升的。 二、完形填空的特点是什么？ 1. 完形填空的题型特点 近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点： ⑴短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。 ⑵短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其它题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和议论。 ⑶短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。 ⑷考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。 ⑸短文长度基本稳定，一般在250～300个单词左右。 2. 完形填空选项设置的几个特点 ⑴同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。所以平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆。 ⑵固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词、典型句子结构的搭配。 ⑶常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。 ⑷根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型。 3. 近年高考完形填空题的命题趋势和新题动向 ⑴阅读量逐年提高，阅读时间减少。 ⑵生词量有增无减。 ⑶长句增多，句式灵活，结构复杂。 ⑷题目设置上单纯语法考查减少，上下文联系考查力度加大，并且以同义词、相似词为典型的迷惑选项增多。 ⑸完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题。 三、学生存在的问题是什么？ 有些考生虽然具有一定的基础，但完形填空题的得分却总不尽如人意。他们的问题概括起来主要有以下几方面：
2012高考英语完形填空答案详解 安徽卷 When I settled in Chicago，my new city seemed so big and unfriendly, Then I had a 36 problem and had to go to hospital for a 37 examination. It seemed a small 38 compared to the one I was about to face ,but things started to go 39 right from the beginning , Not having a car or 40 the city, I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B, 41 I’d left myself plenty of ti me, soon it was 42 I was going to be late, as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the 43 direction. I 44 the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do, I look into the eyes of a 45 who was trying to get past me, 46 instead of moving on ,she stopped to ask if I was 47 , After I explained my 48 to her, she pointed to a bus stop across the street , where a bus would take me back into the city to my 49 . Sitting there waiting , I felt 50 that someone had been willing to help . 51 , hearing a horn （喇叭）nearby, I looked up to see a car with my new friend 52 at me to get in, She had returned to offer me a 53 to the hospital. Such unexpected 54 from a passer-by was a lovely gift to receive, As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her, she smiled and told me not to lose 55 ，for all things are possible. 36. A. physical B. traveling C. social D.housing A后面说不得不去医院 37. A. scientific B.final C.previous D. Thorough D A表示科学检查 B 表示最终检查C 表示“以前的”，D表示“全面的” 38. A. chance B. challenge C. success D.error 与后面的face相匹配 39. A. wrong B. easy C. fast D. Ahead 与前面的go 构成词组，表示出错了。 40. A. leaving B. visiting C. knowing D. Appreciatin g 没有自己的车，不了解这所城市，后面走错路是必然 41. A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. Once 虽然留了足够的时间 42. A. strange B. necessary C. obvious D. Important 很明显要迟到了，暗示后面的appointment. 43. A. same B. right C. general D. opposite 方向反了，后面的back into the city就是暗示 44. A. looked at B. waited for C. got off D. ran into 下车，然后站在人行道上pavement 45. A. driver B. friend C. stranger D. Gentleman 满眼都是陌生人 46. A. Especially B. Surprisingly C. Probably D. Normally 事情从此转机了，所以是surprising了。 47. A. nervous B. excited C. OK D. Dangerous 此情此景问一句“Are you OK?是自然地 48. A. idea B. motivation C. excuse D. Situation 只有解释自己的种种境况了。
高考英语完形填空考试解 题三大角度 完形填空题型有着极为深远的理论背景。在19世纪物理学重大发现“场理论”的启发下，德国心理学家柯勒等人提出了“格式塔心理学”，强调人类认知过程中的宏观性和整体性。1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于上述理论，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。 作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。自从1987年首次出现在高考英语试卷中以来，完形填空题型历来都属于高考英语中能力要求最高、试题难度最大的一类题型。
研究历年的各套高考完形填空题，可以从具体的题目之中看出该题型中若干对我们解题非常有帮助的共同特点： 一、从所选文章的角度 体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文，这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的。高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简单的一种，因而采取了常见体裁中较简单的记叙文作为题目载体。因此，短文一般按照时间线索行文，内部逻辑清晰层次分明。 题材上，选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继续关注，并兼顾高考的公平性原则，不涉及特定地域或人群色彩较浓的不具有一般性的话题。
难度上，基本与现行高三教材相当。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240——320之间。 二、从所挖空格的角度 首先，该题型所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体性的把握，建立正确的思维导向。正文中通常挖去20个词，平均每14词挖一个空格，通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情况。 其次，挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。语言分为形式和内容两方面，而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容，这是与承载具体信息的实词紧密相关的。在高考对具体语法规则不断淡化的趋势下，常与语言形式即具体语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降，目前仅在3个空格左右。
高考完形填空解题技巧 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】
第一讲题目怎么命——一篇“美文佳作”，肢解“七零八落” 要弄明白一个东西“是什么”，就要知道它“从哪里来，要到哪里去”。要做好完形填空，就要对其命题过程有所了解，这样才能够轻松躲避出题陷阱，选出正确选项。就如同那句话，“你找到了限制，就找到了自由”。 完形填空所选语段的原型是一篇地道的完整的英语美文，是命题组的老师为高考命题所需绞尽脑汁从中挖去若干词汇所为。“完形填空”，顾名思义就是通过“填空”，使一篇被挖出若干空格、肢解得“七零八落”的文章恢复其原来完整的模样。 第一步：选文章 首先命题组要根据考试大纲和考试说明的要求，从英美国家杂志或网站上寻找一篇千词左右的文章，然后改造成一篇难度和长度都很合适的、适宜于挖空的二、三百词的语言材料。该语言材料在选材和体裁上一般要具备以下特点： 1．选材 从题材来看，高考完形填空题的选材新颖、时尚，注重知识、文化、教育与品位有机结合，符合中学生的阅读兴趣。题材广泛，涉及人物故事、教育、社会经济、文化发展等。例如2014年浙江卷“老师无意中的表扬却使学生改变很大”；2014年北京卷“老师帮助一位小女孩获得同学们的认可”；2014年湖南卷“妈妈通过教孩子熨衣服，使孩子学会如何处理生活中的棘手之事”；2014年重庆卷的第二篇“要入乡随俗”；2014年广东卷“就父母与孩子们的关系进行讨论”等。 2．体裁 从体裁来看，高考完形填空题通常以记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章为主，偶尔会出现议论文或说明文。以2014年高考为例，除了广东卷考的是议论文、重庆卷第二篇考的是说明文之外，其他省份考的都是记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。 第二步：挖空格 命题组找到了合适的文章后，就要准备动手挖去一些词汇，确定供考生处理的空格的位置，挖空时一般遵循以下原则：
2019全国卷1高考英语完形填空答案详细解析 【预览部分】 【完形填空答案与详细解析】 【主旨大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要介绍乞力马扎罗山的垃圾污染问题以及当地管理机构努力治理之后环境的改观。本文就游客对乞力马扎罗山自然环境的破坏展开论述，对山体环境进行介绍，意在引起人们对于自然环境的重视。 41. D。考查动词词义辨析。译文：每年有40,000人到非洲最高的山脉乞力马扎罗山（Kilimanjaro）旅游，他们带来了许多废品垃圾。解答此题根本不用费什么心思，读完第一、第二句马上就明白：此题是因果逻辑推断题，即第一句是原因，第41空句是结果。根据前文Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知每年都有很多人去游览乞力马扎罗山，由此可推测该空是说游客将垃圾废物随身带到了山上。keep with意为“把……与……放一起”；mix with意为“（使）与……混合/结合”；connect with意为“与……连接”；bring sth. with sb. 意为“某人随身带来……”；故只有选项D切题。故选D。 42.C。考查名词词义辨析。译文：拥挤的人群破坏了美丽的乞力马扎罗山。此题仍然属于因果关系推断题。根据上一句Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知，每年有大约四万人游览乞力马扎罗山，所以此处是指游客所造成的破坏，由此推断出本题答案是crowds（拥挤的人群）。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。故选C。 【正文】 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place —other destinations are described as “purer” natural
高考英语完形填空解题技巧 高考英语完形填空解题技巧 (一)利用句首信息，推测语篇主旨 完形填空所选短文的第一句常为主题句，一般不设空。把握了主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。 例： As a general rule ,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they areperformed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact ,we can see this 41____atwork in people of all42 ages (2014课标I) 41. A. principle B. habit C. way. D. power 解析：本文首句为主题句，根据首句中的a general rule (一般规则)可知本空答案为principle. (二)寻找提示信息，重现语境意义 完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，所以考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有提示，这种提示多为后面提示前面。 一般来说，完型填空的四个选项形式完全相同，如都是动词原形，都是副词，都是名词复数形式等，所以要注意他们在意义上和搭配上的细微差别，形义兼顾。同时，一定要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分，判别，从而选出正确答案。 例： It runs in the 53_____.Michael’s father always helped thepoor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the54
做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧 1?跳读首尾句进行预测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句J便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了When J where, who, What，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对 文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重 要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文 章的脉络与线索。 EVel yn Glennie WaS the first IaCly Of SOIO PerCUSSi On in SCOtIancl .In an in terview, She recalled how She became a PerCUSSi On SOIOiS 打（击乐器独奏演员）in SPite Of her CliSabiIity.本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EVel yn GIe nnie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想EVeIyn GIe nnie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，EVeIyn GIennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 2.利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的 题目。对于这 类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：__ 51 ____ do you SUPPOSe he asked for them? 51 ? A. What B. HOW C. WhO D. WhiCh 【解析】本题中，do you SUPPOSe为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词HOW来修饰谓语动词asked,而不能用代词What5 WhO或WhiChO __ 8 ____ I had been born in the 16th CentUry J I WOUICl have had no job. 8.A. BeCaUSe B. While C. If D. SinCe 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th CentUry可知这只是个假设 5 是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。 3.利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和 同义词、近义词 的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语"，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨
2011全国卷 第二节完形填空20,J、题；每小题1．5分，满分30分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后个体所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出也已填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。 In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 36 course about 20 years ago. The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆),and invited the students to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 40 Answer, and went on saying, ”You have just 41 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 42 your own senses.” Twenty years later, the 43 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 45 into an unknowns world invisible(无形的) to the 46 , which can be discovered only through scientific 47 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world .And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 . The professor, however, said that it was 52 . He was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代). “I remember feeling small and 54 .”The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course the afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”36．A．art B．history C. science D. math 37．A．searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into 38．A．count B. guess C. report D. watch 39．A．warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to 40．A．ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult 41．A．learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken 42．A．lose B. trust C. sharpen D. taken 43．A．lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman 44．A．described B. respected C. saw D. served 45．A．voyage B. movement C. change D. rush 46．A．professor B．eye C．knowledge D．light 47．A．model B．senses C．spirit D．methods 48．A．hear B. make C．present D．refuse 49．A．suggesting B．beginning C．pretending D．waiting 50．A．believed B．doubted C．proved D．explained 51．A．growth B．strength C．faith D．truth 52．A．firm B. interesting C．wrong D．acceptable 53．A．task B．tool C．success D．action 54．A．cruel B．proud C．frightened D．brave 55．A．dropped B．started C．passed D．missed - 1 - / 2
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL. The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more. After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens. 41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion 43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create 44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task 47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed 48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason 49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted 50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance 51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting 52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count 54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize 56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated https://www.doczj.com/doc/3f6037017.html,stly B.Thus C.Instead D.However 59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected 60.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
完形填空考纲要求 考查根据上下文理解语篇意义的能力。 二、完型填空解题步骤总结 三、解题步骤分析 1、浏览全文，抓准主旨 考生在答题时，不要急于看选项、找答案，应先通篇浏览短文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及事件发展的脉络情节。只有抓住了文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就会迎刃而解。 注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是据以判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when, where, who, what, how…)。 注意：要注意尾句的提示和总结作用。 2、细读全文，透析文意
⑴.看清上下文，找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 注意上下文的内在联系，是做好完型填空的保证，而断章取义，就题论题，忽视前后文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。信息提示有时出现在前文，有时出现在后文，有时出现在本空所在的句子，学生需要在做题时边读边思考，边读边储存信息，边读边注意前后联系，这也是第一遍通览全文的主要作用。 ⑵通顺逻辑，寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如： ⑶牢固掌握重点单词词组词意、用法及语法知识 ⑷看清执行者，确定所选词 ⑸根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。 常见的承接语有for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。 3、全面验证，理清逻辑 考生在选项填完后，一定要通读短文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理；另外，连词、副词也是完形填空常考的词，考生选择后要特别注意上下文的语气、语态，避免出现逻辑混乱。 四．案例分析：根据逻辑关系解完形填空 表示转折关系 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten.
完形填空题型突破 完形填空二是2010年湖南高考英语科出现的新题型,为主观性填空题。题目要求考生在没有单词和汉语提示的前提下,根据上下文语境填写一个最恰当的单词。该主观填空题的目的就是要革除传统英语考试的弊端,增加主观性,减少客观性,消除投机心理,加大对考生思维推断能力和语言运用能力的考查力度,实现英语语言教学从被动记忆型主导向主动应用型、本质挖掘型主导的跃升。该题型主要考查考生在语境中灵活运用语言的能力及推理判断能力。单词的拼写能力和词形变换能力也是一个很重要的考查方向。 一、完形填空二的题型特点 1．考查语境,侧重运用。该题型的最大特点是把语言真正放在语境中去考查,这是符合语言学习客观规律的。该题型把对考生的要求提高到能自然地、自发地、积极地运用语言知识去表达的水平。这种方式可以真正了解考生的语言运用能力,体现了命题者从能力立意向素质立意转变的理念。 2．题材多样,语篇完整。新题型的选材会呈现多样化的趋势,但可能会侧重于议论文和说明文,这一点与前面部分的客观选择题会有所不同。文章选材贴近考生生活,内容完整,现实意义明显,结构严谨,层次分明,便于考生推理判断。材料难度不会太大。词数在150～180之间,平均设空间隔一般为17个词左右。 3．实虚并重,侧重习语。该题型既考查实词,如名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等,也考查虚词,如冠词、介词和连词。冠词主要考查它的基本用法和习惯用法。介词主要考查考生对固定搭配和短语的掌握情况。连词主要考查考生的思维逻辑判断能力。 4．意义为主,形式为辅。命题体现了“意义为主,形式为辅”的考查原则。在重点考查词义的基础上,也会考查考生对词形变化的掌握情况。如动词的第三人称单数,动词的动名词、现在分词、过去分词等形式,名词的单复数形式,形容词和副词的比较等级等。 二、完形填空二的解题步骤 1．通读全文,把握语篇。把握短文大意,目的是为下一步“填空”作好“语义”上的准备,因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的单词以及采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中,为较好地把握其大意,有必要弄请该文的体裁、题材、写作主线、段落大意等。这有利于考生真正读懂全文大意,也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2．先易后难,尝试填空。主观题填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的语义和正确的语法形式的思维过程,要坚持从易到难的原则。根据考生的英语知识积累和语感,有些答案不需要过多的思考就能一眼看出来。如固定搭配、习惯用语、常用句式等。遇到一时想不起来的空,也不要花太多的时间停留在上面。填出容易的词语后,大意更趋明朗,语境更加清晰,有助于难题的推敲和判断。 3．利用语境,推敲语义。要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系,进行多角度、全方位分析,以便准确地判断所缺词的意义。推敲语义时,不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词,具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下等的特殊功能。 4．复读全文,确认答案。进行复查是必要的。复查时要解决两个问题：第一是从语义和逻辑的角度审视全文,看看所填单词在语义上是否正确,是否为最佳答案,是否能使文意上下连贯、前后照应,逻辑顺畅,能否自然地融入语篇；第二是从语法的角度审视全文,确保所填
高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全 开篇练习 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk， but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was 1 in hospital. By the time he was eight，you wouldn‘t know he has a problem when you saw him 2 . Children in our neighborhood always ran around 3 their play， and Joey would jump and ran and play，4 . We never told him that he probably wouldn‘t be 5 to run like the other children. So he didn’t know. In 6 grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others， 7 only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the 8 . We didn‘t tell him he probably would never make the team， so he didn’t know. He ran four to five mile every day - even when he had a fever. I was 9 ，so I went to 10 him after school. I found him running 11 . I asked him how he felt. “Okay，” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 . Two weeks later， the names of the team 13 were caked. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 14 the team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn‘t do it … so he didn’t know. He just 15 it. 1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid 2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk 3. A. after B. before C. during D. till 4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet 5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid 6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth 7. A. so B. if C. then D. because 8. A. neighborhood B. familyC. school D. grade 9. A. excited B. tiredC. pleased D. worried 10. A. think about B. hear fromC. agree with D. look for 11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题： 文章的上下文决定所缺处所选择的词.这一考点要求学生根据文章的整体内容进行理解,根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情节的答案,这也叫情景意义的选择. 5.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. (96) A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile