备考2017新课标高考英语二轮复习语法10个专题（近六年高考真题单句语法填空）
专题一名词和冠词
2016～2011年各省市高考题(改编)
名词
A卷全国卷
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________(attract)．
答案attraction[空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名词形式。] 2．(2016·全国Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day) with his sister.
答案days[few作来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。] 3．(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.________
答案honest→honesty[由句意“他成功的关键是诚信”可知应当用名词形式。]
4．(2016·全国Ⅱ，42)Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)．
答案achievement[介词of后要用名词作宾语。固定表达 a sense of achievement成就感。]
5．(2016·全国Ⅱ，46)Recent________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.
答案studies[考查主谓一致。根据后面的谓语动词show可知，主语应该是复数形式。]
6．(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读C)Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of ________(apple)．
答案apples[在苹果节人们可以看到，并常常能尝到各种各样的苹果。a variety of各种各样，后面跟复数形式。]
7．(2015·全国Ⅰ，65)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese________(painting)．
答案paintings[前面有many修饰，故用名词的复数形式。] 8．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Many rare animals are dying out.________
答案airs→air[air是不可数名词，没有复数形式。]
9．(2014·全国Ⅰ，69)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the________(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.
答案changes[根据后面的be动词可知此处应为复数。] 10．(2014·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Since then—for all these year—we have been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.________
答案year→years[根据前面的all these可知此处应为复数。] 11．(2014·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.________
答案hour→hours[一个半小时的表达为one and a half hours。] 12．(2012·全国Ⅱ，19)The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great________(demanding) in this city.
答案demand[考查固定搭配。in great demand急需。]
B卷地方卷
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2016·北京，阅读C)Although these ________(measure) are not effective forever, they are vital for now.
答案measures[考查名词单复数，根据前面的these和后面的are，可以判断应用复数形式。]
2．(2016·北京，阅读D)The college years are supposed to be a time for important ________(grow) in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.
答案growth[此处的growth和后面的development是并列关系，且用前面的important修饰。]
3．(2016·四川，阅读C)The ________(life) of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.
答案lives[根据后面的谓语动词，可以判断此处需要用名词的复数形式。] 4．(2016·四川，短文改错)Mom has a full－time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.________
答案houseworks→housework[ housework是不可数名词。] 5．(2016·江苏，阅读C)The weather ________(effect) both good and bad, are felt in many places.
答案effects[根据后面的谓语动词，可以看出此处应该是复数形式。] 6．(2015·江苏，32)Some schools will have to make ________(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
答案adjustments[句意：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将做出调整。固定表达make adjustments 做出调整。]
7．(2015·江苏，35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.
—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ________(apologize)．
答案apology/apologies[句意：——去和你的妈妈说对不起，Dave。——我想，但我怕妈妈不会接受我的道歉。作介词with的宾语和my的修饰语要用名词形式。]
8．(2015·浙江，15)One of the most effective ways to reduce ________(stressful) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
答案stress[句意：减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。作动词reduce的宾语要用名词形式，stress压力，紧张，为不可数名词。] 9．(2015·湖北，21)When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ________(balanced) and had a bad fall.
答案balance[句意：追赶哥哥时，小男孩失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。形容词性物主代词his后跟名词形式。lose his balance失去平衡。] 10．(2015·安徽，30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some________(think) and then let me know.
答案thought[句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。思考一下，然后让我知道。some后应跟名词，thought想法。]
11．(2014·安徽，29)—Why not buy a second－hand car first if you don’t have enough money for a new one?
—That’s a good ________(suggest)．
答案suggestion[句意：——如果你没有足够的钱买一辆新车的话，为什么不先买一辆二手车呢？——这是个不错的建议(suggestion)。形容词修饰名词，故用名词形式。]
12．(2014·湖北，21)Her ________(motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
答案motivation[句意：她写作的动机是出于对女性获得高等教育权利的渴望。形容词性物主代词修饰名词。]
13．(2013·江西，22)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ________(patient)．
答案patience[句意：每当我犯错的时候，老师都耐心地帮我指出来。with 是介词，介词后用名词形式，故用patience。]
14．(2012·山东，24)My first ________(impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
答案impression[句意：我对他的第一印象是，他是一个友好且体贴的年轻人。序数词first修饰名词。]
15．(2012·福建，25)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well，you know，English is my ________(strong)．So it is my best choice.
答案strength[句意：——你为什么选择去一家国际旅行社工作？——哦，你知道英语是我的强项。因此，这是我的最佳选择。形容词性物主代词my后跟名词，strength意为“长处，强项”。]
冠词
A卷全国卷
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，阅读A)In 1931，Addams became________ first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
答案the[序数词前面加定冠词the。]
2．(2016·全国Ⅱ，48)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for________while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
答案a[考查不定冠词的用法。让你的身体和思想休息一会。固定表达for a while一会儿。]
3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)In that case, we will learn little about world.________ 答案world前加the[考查定冠词的用法。此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。]
4．(2016·全国Ⅱ，阅读D)A new collection of photos brings ________unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
答案an[unsuccessful前面用an修饰。]
5．(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读C)Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with ________interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)．
答案an[interest是名词，前面应用an。]
6．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.________
答案countryside前面加the[in the countryside在农村，固定搭配。] 7．(2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.________
答案第二个a→the[此处表示特指，指的是女士和他都知道的那个商店。] 8．(2015·全国Ⅱ，62)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even________most modern of architects and engineers.
答案the[根据空格后面的most可知此处表示最高级含义。] 9．(2014·全国Ⅰ，63)Now, years later, this river is one of________most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
答案the[句意：多年之后，这条河成为最杰出的环保典型之一。可知，此处most前用the修饰表示的是最高级的概念。]
10．(2014·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)As result, the plants are growing everywhere.________
答案result前加a[考查固定搭配。as a result结果。]
11．(2014·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.________
答案去掉第一个the[all kinds of已经表示各种各样的，作修饰语修饰后面的名词，因此无需再用the修饰。]
12．(2013·全国Ⅰ，31)India attained________independence in 1947, after________long struggle.
答案/；a[考查冠词用法。句意：印度在长期抗争后，于1947年获得独立。attain independence获得独立，是零冠词用法；after a long struggle经过一段长时间的抗争，用不定冠词a表示数量。]
13．(2013·全国Ⅱ，13)Four and________half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and________break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.
答案a；a[句意：我们讨论了四个半小时直到半夜，休息时我们吃了些奶酪、巧克力，喝了些加糖的茶。four and a half hours是习惯搭配；第二空a break泛指“一段休息时间”。]
14．(2012·全国Ⅰ，22)Sarah looked at________finished painting with satisfaction. 答案the[句意：Sarah满意地看着那幅已经完成的画。根据句意可知painting前用the表示特指。]
15．(2012·全国Ⅱ，7)He missed________gold in the high jump, but will get________second chance in the long jump.
答案the；a[句意：他没有得到跳高的金牌，但是在跳远项目上还有一次机会。a＋序数词表示“又一”；gold前加the表示特指。]
B卷地方卷
用适当的冠词填空
1．(2016·北京，完形)It was ________ cold January in 1925 in North Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
答案a[考查泛指概念。句意：这是1925年阿拉斯加北部一个十分寒冷的一月。]
2．(2016·四川，阅读B)They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make ________ difference in the lives of others.
答案a[make a difference固定搭配，对……有影响。]
3．(2016·江苏，阅读C)El Nin?，________Spanish te rm for “the Christ child”，was named by South American fisherman.
答案a[此处考查泛指概念，厄尔尼诺现象，一个西班牙词条。] 4．(2016·浙江，2)________prize for the winner of the competition is ________two －week holiday in Paris.
答案The；a[考查冠词。句意：竞赛的优胜者奖是在巴黎两周的假期。第一空，“竞赛的优胜者奖”为特指，故应用定冠词the作限定；第二空，指“一段两周的假期”，故应用定冠词a限定。]
5．(2015·江苏，33)—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party? —Well, you know he’s ________ wet blanket.
答案a[句意：——为什么你没邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？——唉，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人。固定表达a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人或物。] 6．(2015·浙江，2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write ________ children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.
答案a；the[句意：琼的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍，但总有这样那样的事情阻碍她不能实现。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空为固定
表达get in the way妨碍，阻碍。]
7．(2015·重庆，3)I just heard ________ bank where Dora works was robbed by ________ gunman wearing a mask.
答案the；a[句意：我刚听说Dora 工作的银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指，表示“Dora 工作的那家银行”，第二空为泛指，表示“一位蒙面持枪歹徒”。]
8．(2015·陕西，14)________ more learned a man is，________more modest he usually becomes.
答案The；the[句意：一个人的知识越是渊博，他通常就越谦虚。考查固定搭配。the more...the more...越……越……。]
9．(2015·四川，5)Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven.
答案a[考查冠词。句意：Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。不定冠词在人名前表示：一个像……那样的人。] 10．(2014·陕西，19)________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
答案The；a[考查冠词。句意：我出生的那个小村庄已经变成了一个城镇了。根据句意可知，“我出生的村庄”由定语从句修饰，表特指，用定冠词the；而第二空应是泛指。]
11．(2014·天津，8)Life is like ________ ocean：Only ________ strong－willed can reach the other shore.
答案an；the[考查冠词。句意：生活就像一个大洋，只有那些意志坚强者才能到达彼岸。此句中的ocean是可数名词且是第一次出现，故用an；第二个空中the＋adj.表示一类人。]
12．(2014·浙江，2)The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days ________ week，often long into________night.
答案a；the[考查冠词。句意：这篇论文预计下个月写完，我一星期工作七天，经常熬到深夜。a week泛指一星期；第二空为习惯用法，如work into the night工作到深夜。]
13．(2014·重庆，6)I can’t tell you ________ way to the Wilson’s because we don’t have ________ Wilson here in the village.
答案the；a[考查冠词。句意：我无法告诉你去威尔逊家怎么走，因为我们村没有叫威尔逊的。由句意可知前者是特指，后者为泛指。] 14．(2014·江西，22)They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader.
答案the；a[考查冠词用法。句意：因为他们知道汤姆是一位精明的领导，所以就选他当球队的队长。由此可知，第一空用定冠词是特指这个球队的队长，第二空用不定冠词表示泛指意义。]
15．(2013·福建，21)The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people’s well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development. 答案a；a[考查冠词。句意：“中国梦”是一个提高人民生活的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。由句意可知都用不定冠词a，表示泛指概念。] 16．(2013·山东，22)It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.
答案a；the[考查冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。]
17．(2013·陕西，19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century.
答案the；the[句意：据说十三世纪时马可波罗曾经横渡太平洋前往爪哇。世界七大洲前不加the，而四大洋前需要加the。in the...century意为“在……世纪”。]
18．(2013·重庆，32)The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.
答案the；an[考查冠词。句中的news指的是that从句的内容，所以此处的news是特指，要用定冠词the；第二空处意为“需要做一次手术”，为泛指，要用不定冠词。]
19．(2013·江西，32)Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.
答案a；/[本题考查冠词。man表示“人类”的意义时，前面不加冠词。form是可数名词，前面有形容词修饰时要加不定冠词，故用a修饰。句意：很明显，动物是低于人类的一种生命形式。]
20．(2012·辽宁，21)I woke up with ________ bad headache，yet by ________ evening the pain had gone.
答案a；the[句意：我醒来时头很痛，但到了晚上头痛就已经消失了。考查冠词的基本用法。两空后的名词均为可数名词，第一空表示泛指，加a；第二空表示特指，加the。]
21.(2011·重庆，26)In communication, a smile is usually strong sign of a friendly and open attitude.
解析考查冠词的用法。句意：在相互交流中，微笑通常是一种友好和开放的态度的明显特征。 a 用在可数名词sign前，泛指一类事物；friendly and open 是并列关系，修饰attitude。
答案a；/
1.名词是高考每年必考的语法项目。考查要点主要集中考查名词单复数形式，可
数不可数名词，名词所有格等。
2.冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，常放在名词前面帮助说明名
词
的含义，与名词共生共存。其考查的重点主要有：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的基本用法；冠词的特殊用法；冠词在固定结构中和具体、真实语境中的
用法；
冠词在句中的位置以及冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法。
专题二代词和介词
2016～2011年各省市高考题(改编)
代词
A卷全国卷
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，68)On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by ________(it) mother.
答案its[根据空格后的名词及前文中的a lively three－month－old twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。]
2．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.________
答案your→our[考查形容词性物主代词的用法。根据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。]
3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.________
答案many→much[考查代词的用法。这样不会花很多钱。cost much花费很多。此处也可理解为much money的省略。]
4．(2016·全国Ⅲ，短文改错)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.________
答案yourself →myself[根据句意，此处指“我自己”。] 5．(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读D)No news is good news, and good news is no news.________are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.
答案Those/These[根据句意：没消息就是好消息，好消息就是没消息。对
20XX年高考英语第二轮复习经典语法讲解及试题集（02） 名词 ▲一、考点聚焦 1.可数名词单、复数变化形式 （1）规则变化。 ①单数名词词尾直接加-s。如：boy - boys, pen - pens。 ②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。如：glass - glasses,box- boxes, watch - watches, brush - brushes。 特例：stomach - stomachs ③以"辅音字母+ y"结尾的变"y"为"i"再加"-es"。如： baby - babies, lady - ladies, fly - flies。 ④以"o"结尾的多数加-es。如：tomato - tomatoes, potato - potatoes, hero - heroes。但以两个元 音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。 如：radio - radios, zoo - zoos, photo - photos, piano - pianos, kilo - kilos, tobacco - tobaccos。 ⑤以"f"或"fe"结尾的名词复数形式变"f"或"fe"为"v"，之后再加-es。 如：wife - wives, life - lives, knife - knives, wolf- wolves, self - selves, leaf - leaves等。 特例：handkerchief- handkerchiefs, roof - roofs, chief - chiefs, gulf - gulfs, belief - beliefs, cliff - cliffs。 ⑥改变元音字母的。如：man - men, mouse - mice, foot - feet, woman - women, tooth - teeth, goose - geese, ox - oxen。特例：child - children。 ⑦复合名词的复数形式。 （A）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。 如：armchair - armchairs, bookcase - bookcases, bookstore - bookstores。 （B）man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。 如：man doctor - men doctors, woman driver - women drivers。 （C）与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加-s。 如：brother-in-law - brothers-in-law, passer-by - passers-by。 ⑧有的名词有两种复数形式。 如：zero - zeros 、zeroes; penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同：pence（便士的钱数），pennies(便士的枚数)。 （2）不规则变化。 ①单、复数同形。 如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,Japanese, sheep, works（工厂）,cattle。 ②合成名词的复数。 如：boy-friend - boy-friends, go-between- go-betweens(中间人)，grown-up - grown-ups。 ③有些名词通常只用作复数。 如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,wages工资，riches财富, surroundings环境，ashes灰尘, compasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits 以很高热情地，give one's regards to sb.向某人问侯，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.有礼貌做某事。 ④集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数， 如：people, cattle, police; 有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery; 有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复数看做集体的各个成员。 如：The crew is large.船员人数很多（指整体）；The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了（个体）。 2、不可数名词的数 （1）一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：
绝密★启封前试卷类型A 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国1卷）
英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 略 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Pacific Science Center Guide ◆Visit Pacific S cience Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome. ◆Hungry Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caféis located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes. ◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required. ◆S upport Pacific Science Center Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we connot achieve without generous support
高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点： 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)： 人称代词的用法: 注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格： ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格： “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化： I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I； 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前： Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语： These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。 注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语： Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
高考英语语法复习专题（2）名词性从句(附参考答案) 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用 名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 （1）that的用法。 ①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如： That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day. ②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. ③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如： It happened that I went out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. ④that和what的区别。 that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词+ 关系代词即常说的先行词+ that。如： It’s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says. ⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。 同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如： They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句) The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句） 选择填空 1._____________ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 2. They have no idea at all ____________. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place he has gone D. where he has gone 3. _____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. _____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 5. _____________ you like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 6. _____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 7. —Do you remember ____________ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 8. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____________ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 9. ____________ we can’t get seems better than ____________ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 10. _____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 11. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
2017 年高考英语二轮复习七选五专题说课稿 石城中学高三A李秀卿 教学内容：七选五解题技巧 教学目标 : 1. 通过引导及练习让学生掌握解题技巧并能灵活运用； 2.提高学生的分析和解决问题的能力； 3. 通过阅读，提高学生的阅读理解能力，并引导学生从文章中受到启发或激励 教学重点和难点：通过引导及练习让学生掌握解题技巧并能灵活运用 教学方法：任务型教学法 教学过程： Step1. Lead in ： How much do you know about “choose 5 out of 7”? Step 2. 分析近5年的高考题 七选五的短文特点如下： 1.选材特点：体裁：说明文或议论文；篇章： 300 词左右 2.短文篇章结构常为：提出问题——解决问题； 3.设空类型：①标题类、段落主题句类 (文章整体内容 )；②过渡句类（文章结构）；③细节类（上下文逻辑意义） 4.选项均为完整句子，句型不一。设空类型分析： 题量分布 考点2012 课标 2013 课标 2014 课标 2015 课标2016 课 标 ·全国Ⅰ·全国Ⅰ·全国Ⅰ·全国Ⅰ ·全国Ⅰ主题句00121 过渡句11112 细节44322Step 3.Discussion and leading Question: How to finish this task? Leading: 第一步：阅读短文，把握中心：看标题（副标题）和主题句,通读全文 预测文章大意，并分析文章结构 第二步：根据挖空，理清思路：在阅读过程中要关注文章挖空位置，确 定解题思路，选出相关答案。 第三步：上下求索，瞻前顾后：看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性， 在看选项，找出相应的关键词。 第四步：确定答案，代入检查：重点检查逻辑关系。 注意： 1. 灵活掌握先易后难的答题顺序 2.区分相似项：特别细致地 比对相似选项，方法和答阅读理解时区分相似项一样 Step 4. strategies 一、细节类题型解题技巧 1．同词复现法：复现是作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进 行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、 反义词复现等。 【例 1】 The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses.__72__ So they are called “diseases of civilization ． Many” cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.
高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精品复合句 怎样理解名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句？ The question is when they won the game. 表语从句 When they won the game is the question. 主语从句 I have the question when they won the game. 同位语从句 I wonder when they won the game. 宾语从句 表语、主语、同位语和宾语通常由名词充当，所以表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句统称为名词性从句。 Do you know the time when they won the game? 定语从句 定语通常由形容词充当，所以定语从句也叫形容词从句 When they won the game, I had just finished my job. 状语从句 状语通常由副词充当，所以状语从句也叫副词性从句。 结论：从句的分类是依据其在主句中的句子成分而定的。 三类从句的引导词有所不同 定语从句引导词有：疑问代词和疑问副词（但不包括what和how） 名词性从句引导词：①所有定语从句使用的引导词； ②what和how； ③少量连词：whether/if, as if/though; ④以-ever结尾的疑问词：whatever, whenever等 状语从句引导词有：①所有连词； ②以-ever结尾的疑问词：whatever, however等 定语从句引导词数量最少，状语从句引导词最多。名词性从句引导词与定语从句引导词最接近（但范围更大），状语从句引导词与定语从句引导词差别最大。状语从句引导词与名词性从句引导词有部分交叉（以-ever结尾的疑问词）。另外，when 和where是这三类从句有可以使用的公共引导词。 引导词的理解 定语从句引导词没有自己的字面意义，只有指代意义：指代先行词，也就是说引导词意义等于先行词词义；但名词性从句和状语从句引导词不同，它们都具有自
第二节(共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67(be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 翻译：最近，在食品服务业方面有一种朝着低脂肪和少盐的趋势。这种趋势最初是由医学界发起，用来作为防御心脏病的一种方式，已经产生一些意料之外的副作用，例如，肥胖 和心脏病，这正好是医学界致力去防御的疾病。 脂肪和盐分是每日膳食中的重要部分。我们需要他们去加工处理摄入的食物、有助于伤病的恢复和满足几项人体正常的运作。当脂肪和盐分从食物当中被去除了，食物尝起来 好像有所缺失。结果，人们会吃更多的食物来补偿缺失的东西。甚至更糟糕的是，人们吃 了更多的快餐食品。快餐中脂肪和盐的含量很高；由于吃了更多的快餐，人们会摄入比他 们在饮食中所需要的更多的盐分和脂肪。 通过每日饮食摄入足够的脂肪和盐分会减少在两餐之间吃点心的欲望，而且会提高你的食物的味道。然而，要注意不要摄入过量。跟其他食物一样，我们也有可能会吃太多， 这一点是对我们的健康不利。 61.as 考查介词。根据句意“这一趋势最开始被医学界作为一种治疗心脏病方法”可知这里 表达“作为”之意，所以答案填as。 62.effects 考查名词单复数。有前面的修饰短语some可知这里的side effects应该用复数，所以答案填effects。 63.to process 考查非谓语动词。根据固定短语be required to do sth.“被要求做某事”可知此处答案填to process。
介词 介词辨析 1 【2014·安徽卷】 What we expect from you is working hard ________ hardly working. A．less than B．rather than C．as well as D．as much as 【答案】B 考查介词短语。less than少于，不及；rather than而不是；as well as也，又，像……一样；as much as和……一样，差不多。working hard和hardly working为完全相反的两个概念，显然前后为对照关系。句意：我们期待你的是努力工作，而非很少工作。故选B。 2【2014·北京卷】 Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．for D．but 【答案】A 考查连词。本题前半部分讲“有些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方”，所以导致“植物传播”。此为表示因果关系的并列句，故选A。 3【2014·北京卷】 Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour. A．by B．in C．for D．until 【答案】B 考查介词。表示某段时间后将发生某事，一般用介词in。所以选B。 4 【2014·全国大纲卷】 September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill. A. by B. for C. with D. in 【答案】A 考查介词。句意：9月30日是你必须付账单的最后期限。此处by意为“截止到……日期”。根据句意选A。 5【2014·福建卷】 Our club is open to everyone ________ age, sex or educational background. A．due to B．except for C．along with D．regardless of 【答案】D 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们的俱乐部对每个人开放，不考虑年龄、性别和教育背景。【be】 due to由于，因为，到……期限；except for除了；along with和，一起；regardless of无论，不管，不考虑。根据句意可知选择D项。 6【2014·江苏卷】Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷Ⅲ） 英语答案解析 第一部分:阅读理解 第一节 1.【答案】A 【解析】题干问的是三月份可参加的旅行，而第一个项目San Francisco Winery Tour的时间是从2月1日到4月30日。故选A。 【考点】冠词，细节理解。 2.【答案】C 【解析】第二个项目Back to the Fifties Tour中提到在San Francisco你能免费品尝冰淇淋。而其他选项在这个旅行中没有被提到。故选C。 【考点】介词辨析，细节理解。 3.【答案】D 【解析】第四个项目Holiday Lights Tour的最后一句话提到”Advance reservations required”，由此可知，该旅行需要提前预定。故选D。 【考点】代词，细节理解。 4.【答案】B 【解析】根据第一段的最后一句”As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end”可推断出工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭做准备。故选B。 【考点】副词辨析，推理判断。 5.【答案】D 【解析】根据第二段中的”Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate”可知，剧院的老板亲自选定了The Last picture Show这部电影，因为他认为这部电影很合适。原文中的“appropriate”和D选项的“suitable都表示“合适的”。故选D。 【考点】细节理解。 6.【答案】C 【解析】第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。故选C。 【考点】动词的时态，推理判断。
教育学习K12 高考感悟 1．(2013·北京高考)Hurry up! Mark and Carol ______ us. A．expect B．are expecting C．have expected D．will expect 2．(2013·陕西高考)On Monday mornings it usually ________ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. A．takes B．is taking C．took D．will take . 高考感悟 1．(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I ________ my mind. A．have changed B．change C．had changed D．would change 2.Look at that little boy wandering about — perhaps he _____ his mother. A. will lose B. is losing C. had lost D. has lost 3. I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 高考感悟 1．(2013·江苏高考)—What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ________ a rough ride. A．had B．Have C．would have D．have had 2．Could I have a table by the window? —Sorry, sir. All of them ________ . A．were booked B．had been booked C．are being booked D．have been booked 3. —I want to give Mary this gift. __ Oh, sorry. She ______. A. left B. has left C. leaves D. had left 4. ___You seem to be familiar with London. ___I ________ there for three years. It's great to be back. A．lived B．had lived C．have lived D．live 高考感悟 1．(2013·辽宁高考)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ________ it for a very long time. A．has had B．had had C．has D．had 2．(2013·安徽高考)I'm calling about the apartment you ________ the other day. Could you tell me more about it? A．advertised B．had advertised C．are advertising D．will advertise 3. __ I’ve brought a box of chocolates for our daughter. —Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that? A. Don’t you know B. Haven’t you know C. Didn’t you know D. Hadn’t you know n
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
高考感悟 1．(2013·北京高考)Hurry up! Mark and Carol ______ us. A．expect B．are expecting C．have expected D．will expect 2．(2013·陕西高考)On Monday mornings it usually ________ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. A．takes B．is taking C．took D．will take . 高考感悟 1．(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I ________ my mind. A．have changed B．change C．had changed D．would change 2.Look at that little boy wandering about — perhaps he _____ his mother. A. will lose B. is losing C. had lost D. has lost 3. I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 高考感悟 1．(2013·江苏高考)—What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ________ a rough ride. A．had B．Have C．would have D．have had 2．Could I have a table by the window? —Sorry, sir. All of them ________ . A．were booked B．had been booked C．are being booked D．have been booked 3. —I want to give Mary this gift. __ Oh, sorry. She ______. A. left B. has left C. leaves D. had left 4. ___You seem to be familiar with London. ___I ________ there for three years. It's great to be back. A．lived B．had lived C．have lived D．live 高考感悟 1．(2013·辽宁高考)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ________ it for a very long time. A．has had B．had had C．has D．had 2．(2013·安徽高考)I'm calling about the apartment you ________ the other day. Could you tell me more about it? A．advertised B．had advertised C．are advertising D．will advertise 3. __ I’ve brought a box of chocolates for our daughter. —Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that? A. Don’t you know B. Haven’t you know C. Didn’t you know D. Hadn’t you know n 4. As he approached the door, Mike looked into the room again to see if he ______ anything