2018年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试
生态学基础（专升本）试题
第一部分选择题（40分）
一、选择题（1~ 20小题，每小题2分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，选出一项最符合题目要求的）
1.引起植物黄化现象的最主要因子是 ( )
A.温度
B.光
C.风
D.空气
2.下列植物群落中，在水生演替系列中最先出现的是 ( )
A.沉水植物
B.浮水植物
C.挺水植物
D.湿生草本植物
3.某块农田上种植了某种作物。土壤中的氮可维持300 kg产量，钾可维持150蚝产量，磷可维持
50 kg产量。在不考虑生态因子间补偿作用的情况下，该作物理论产量大约是( )
A.50 kg
B.150 kg
C.300 kg
D.500 kg
4.植物光合作用利用的太阳光谱的主要范围在 ( )
A.可见光区
B.紫外光区
C.红外光区
D.远红外光区
5.在离散种群的增长方程N t+1=λN t中，参数A代表 ( )
A.自然增长率
B.种群数量
C.环境容纳量
D.周限增长率
6.按照饶基耶尔的植物生活型分类，马尾松属于 ( )
A.地面芽植物
B.地上芽植物
C.高位芽植物
D.隐芽植物
7.与低纬度地区植物相比，高纬度地区植物生长发育所需要的有效积温通常 ( )
A.较高
B.较低
C.相同
D.不确定
8.狼和羊的种间关系是 ( )
A.互利共生
B.捕食
C.偏利共生
D.竞争
9.甲、乙两个群落都由5种植物构成，其中甲群落每种植物的个体数几乎相同，而乙群落90%的植物个体属于同一种，则甲、乙两群落的植物物种多样性相比 ( )
A.甲高
B.乙高
C.相等
D.不确定
10.下列关于生态位的叙述，错误的是 ( )
A.在缺乏竞争者时，物种会扩张其实际生态位
B.任何物种的生态位都是一个n维的超体积
C.深根作物和浅根作物间作时，它们的生态位完全重叠
D.生态位体现了物种在生物群落或生态系统中的地位和角色
11.生活在沙漠中的仙人掌和霸王鞭是不同种类的植物，但它们都以肉质化的茎等来适应干旱生境，这种现象称为 ( )
A.趋同适应
B.竞争
C.互利共生
D.趋异适应
12.下列属于群落交错区特征的是 ( )
A.环境均一 B。物种多样性高于相邻群落
C.边缘效应不明显
D.各物种密度均大于相邻群落
13.热带雨林生态系统中的捕食者通常是 ( )
A.营养生态位较宽的特化种
B.营养生态位较宽的泛化种
C.营养生态位较窄的特化种
D.营养生态位较窄的泛化种
14.在植物所固定的能量中，除去呼吸消耗，用于自身生殖和生长的部分称为 ( )
A.总初级生产量
B.净初级生产量
C.次级生产量
D.生物量
15.生态系统中后一个营养级与前一个营养级之间的能量比值称为 ( )
A.同化效率
B.林德曼效率
C.生长效率
D.利用效率
16.西双版纳和小兴安岭地区的地带性植被分别是 ( )
A.热带雨林和常绿阔叶林
B.热带雨林和针阔叶混交林
C.常绿阔叶林和落叶阔叶林
D.常绿阔叶林和针阔叶混交林
17.下列关于群落的叙述，错误的是 ( )
A.群落不影响其所在的环境
B.群落具有水平结构
C.群落具有演替特征
D.群落具有一定的物种组成
18.下列属于生态系统中的消费者的是 ( )
A.小麦
B.绿藻
C.蘑菇
D.狮子
19.在种群的逻辑斯谛增长模型表示 ( )
A.环境容纳量
B.种群数量
C.种群密度
D.环境阻力
20.光照强度在光补偿点时，与植物呼吸作用放出的C02量相比，植物光合作用吸收的CO2量 ( )
A.较多
B.较少
C.相等
D.不确定
第二部分非选择题（110分）
二、填空题（21—40小题，每小题2分，共40分）
21.组成种群的个体在其生活空间中的位置状态或布局称为种群的__________ ，或空间局。
22.风能是可再生能源，天然气是___________ 能源。
23.食肉动物的同化效率一般比食草动物的__________ 。
24.某些植物需要经历一定的低温道程才能开花的现象称为__________ 。
25. 一种植物通过向体外分泌代谢过程中产生的化学物质，对兵他植物严生直援或I剐横影响的现象称为__________ 。
26.生物生长的最高温度、最低温度和 __________ 称为生物的温度三基点。
27.生态学是研究__________ 相互关系的科学。
28.植物地上部分垂直投影面积占样地面积的百分比称为，__________ 。
29.群落的优势种对群落的__________ 和群落环境的形成起主导作用。
30.太阳能通过绿色植物的__________ 输人生态系统的第一营养级。
31.能量金字塔反映了生态系统各__________ 之间的能量关系。
32.生态系统氮循环中氮的主要储存库是__________ 。
33.科学家所说的“自然之肾”是指__________ 生态系统。
34.植被分布的水平地带性包括经向地带性和__________ 地带性。
35.黏土、壤土和沙土是根据土壤的__________ 划分的。
36.物质循环、能量流动和信息传递属于__________ 的基本功能。
37.在从未有过植被的裸地上开始的生物群落演替称为___________ 。
38.生态系统的氮循环属于__________ 型循环。
39.覆盖一个地区的植物群落的总称叫作__________ 。
40.有些动物以潜伏、蛰伏或不活动状态来抵御不利环境的现象叫___________ 。
三、判断题（41- 50小题，每小题2分，共20分。判断下列各题的正误，正确的划“√”，错误的划“×”）
41.只要生长季气温在0℃以上．植物就不可能遭受冷害。 ( )
42.光、温度和海拔都属于气候因子。 ( )
43.耐阴树种不能在全光照下生长。 ( )
44.苹果园的物种多样性一定为零。 ( )
45.生态系统的生产者只有绿色植物。 ( )
46.降低风速是农田防护林的主要生态作用之一。 ( )
47.r对策和K对策是在不同的自然选择压力下形成的。 ( )
48.一般海拔每升高100 m，气温大约下降0.6℃。 ( )
49.生态系统中的能量沿着食物网循环流动。 ( )
50.种群的年龄结构是指种群中个体年龄的平均值。 ( )
四、简答题（51~ 53小题，每小题10分，共30分）
51.描述种群数量特征的统计学指标有哪些？
52.什么是生态系统的反馈？负反馈是如何调节生物种群数量的？
53.影响陆地生态系统初级生产力的主要因素有哪些？（答出5点即可）
五、论述题（54小题，20分）
54.什么是生态系统的物质循环？论述生产者和消费者在碳循环中的作用，并指出碳循环的特点。
参考答案
一、选择题
1.B
2.A
3.A
4.A
5.D
6.C
7.B
8.B
9.A 10.C
11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B
16.B 17.A l8.D 19.D 20.C
21.内分布型
22.不可再生
23.高
24.春化作用
25.他感作用
26.最适温度
27.生物与环境
28.盖度
29.结构
30.光合作用
31.营养级
32.大气
33.湿地
34.纬向
35.质地
36.生态系统
37.原生演替
38.气相
39.植被
40.休眠
三、判断题
41.× 42.× 43.× 44.× 45.×46.、√ 47.、√ 48.√ 49.× 50.×
51.答案要点：
(1)种群密度。
(2)种群的出生率与死亡率。
(3)种群的迁入率和迁出率。
(4)种群的年龄结构。
(5)种群的性比。
52.答案要点：
(1)当生态系统中某一成分发生变化时，会引起其他成分出现一系列的相应变化，这些变化最终又反过来影响最初发生变化的那个成分。这个过程叫反馈，包括正反馈和负反馈。
(2)当种群数量不断增加时，可利用资源会变少，负反馈调节使种群出生率减少，死亡率增加，增长率逐渐降低，从而抑制种群数量的增加，使种群保持稳定。
53.答案要点：
光照、水分、二氧化碳、土壤养分、温度、动物取食、人为干扰。
五、论述题
54.答案要点：
(1)生态系统的物质循环：各种化学元素和化合物，在不同层次、不同大小的系统中，沿着特定的途径从环境到生物体，再从生物体到环境，不断进行着反复循环变化的过程。
(2)生产者和消费者在碳循环中的作用：
①生产者通过光合作用将空气中的CO2和水转化为有机物，使碳元素进入生物体。
②生产者和消费者主要通过呼吸作用将有机物分解，并将其中的碳元素以CO2的形式释放到空气中。
(3)碳循环的特点：
①碳在生物群落和无机环境之间的循环主要以C02的形式进行。
②是气相型循环。
2018年北京高职升本科招生统一考试 英语试卷 本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or works from the 4 choices marked A.,B.,C. and D. then you should write the letter in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. 1. —All the streets are wet. —Yes, didn’t you know? _______ for 20 minutes. A. It’s raining B. It’s been raining C. It was raining D. It had rained 2. Here’s your money—if I were you, I__________ it in the bank right now. A. put B. have put C. would put D. should have put 3. ________in 1896, Thomson School is proud of its excellent reputation. A. Establish B. Establishing C. Established D. To establish 4. I believe his design is ________, for it’s completely different from others ’. A. common B. original C. practical D. reliable 5. Being curious, working hard, and believing in____________ was true made Jenny a success. A. what B. that C. which D. whether 6. The painters say that _________ the downstairs rooms by Wednesday afternoon. A. They’ll finish B. they’ve finished C. they’re going to finish D. they’ll have finished 7. I am sick of all the quarreling among politicians who____________ be concentrating on vital issues. A. could B. must C. might D. should 8. The new law will have a great effect___________ the lives of most people. A. about B. in C. on D. of 9. More and more people are coming to appreciate the contribution______________ these talents make to our society. A. which B. where C. when D. whom 10. If you travel frequently, find an agency that will change one foreign currency directly into__________ . A. others B. another C. the other D. one another 11. The expression on her face suggested that she_____________ glad to go shopping with me. A. was B. is C. will be D. should be 12. Weather_________ , we will go boating this afternoon. A. to permit B. permit C. permitted D. permitting 13. All parents worry about_____ their children are getting enough of the right foods. A. how B. when C. whether D. where 14.The quickest way was to use the car. It was a risk_____________ he decided it had to be taken. A. and B. but C. for D. or 15.We are said__________ in the Digital Age. A. living B. lived C. to have lived D. to be living
2018年成人高考专升本英语考试真题及答案 )125分第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共 I. Phonetics(5 points） Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked a, b, and https://www.doczj.com/doc/332379622.html,pare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1.A.capt ai n B.sust ai n C.cont ai n D.ret ai n 2.A.pen sion B. mis sion C.ten sion D.revi sion 3.A.actr e ss B.busin e ss C.exc e ss D.endl e ss https://www.doczj.com/doc/332379622.html, b ination B.climbing C.bam b oo D.am b ition 5.A.bl ew B.cr ew C.s ew D.J ew II. Vocabulary and Structure( 15 points) Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 6. asked two passers-by how to get to the new railway station, but of them knew it. A.none B.either C.neither D.both 7. —The boss wants to talk to you. He seems unhappy with your performance. —Oh,I be in trouble. I hope he won't fire me. A.must B.can C.should D. would 8. my daughter reaches the age of eighteen she can apply for driving license. A.Unless B.Because C.Since D.Once 9. I'll consider Ms. Smith tonight, but I am not sure if I have the time. A.to see B.seeing C.to have seen D.see 10. The train to arrive at 11: 30, but it was an hour late. A.was supposed B.is supposed C.supposes D.supposed 11. Bob doesn't look his age. I think he's somewhere . A. in forty B. in forties C. in his forty D. in his forties 12. I feel very excited the thought of joining my family in a week. A.on B.for C.at D.in 13. a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. A. Finding B.Having found C.We finding D.We found
浙江省2018年选拔优秀高职高专毕业生进入本科学习统一考试 英语 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。 选择题部分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答 题纸规定的位置上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 Part I Reading COmPrehenSiOn (60 marks, 60 minutes) SeCtiOnA FOrmat 1(共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) DireCtions:There are 4 PaSSageS in this part. EaCh PaSSage is followed by five questions. For each Of them there are four ChOiCeS marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide On the best ChOiCe and blacken the COrreSPOnding Ietter On AnSWer Sheet. PaSSage one QUeStiOnS 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: AU.N.reportsayswaterisi ndema ndaro Un dtheworldastemperatures On Earth'ssurfacerisea nddem an dgrowsalo ngwithpopulatio HsThereportwasreleasedthisweekattheWorIdWaterForumi nBrasilia.T hec Onferen CehaSbee ndescribedastheworld'slargestwater-relatedeve nt. FederaIDiStriCtGOvernorRodrigoRollembergspokeatapa neldiscussi Onon TUeSdayattheforum.H edescribedwatershortagesasaworldwideproblem.Thepublicwatersupplyhaslesswaterbecauseoflowr
20XX年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试 高等数学 答案必须答在答题卡上指定的位置，答在试卷上无效。 一、选择题：1－10小题，每小题4分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，将近选项前的字母填涂在答题卡相应题号的信息点上。 正确答案：A 【名师解析】根据函数的连续性立即得出结果 【名师点评】这是计算极限最常见的题型。在教学中一直被高度重视。 正确答案：C 【名师解析】使用基本初等函数求导公式 【名师点评】基本初等函数求导公式是历年必考的内容，我们要求考生必须牢记。 正确答案：B 【名师解析】根据基本初等函数求导公式和复合函数求导法则 正确答案：D 【名师解析】如果知道基本初等函数则易知答案；也能根据导数的符号确定
【名师点评】这是判断函数单调性比较简单的题型。 正确答案：A 【名师解析】基本积分公式 【名师点评】这是每年都有的题目。 【名师解析】求出积分区间，确定被积函数，计算定积分即可。 【名师点评】用定积分计算平面图形面积在历年考试中，只有一两年未考。应当也一直是教学的重点 正确答案：C 【名师解析】变上限定积分求导 【名师点评】这类问题一直是考试的热点，也始终是讲课的重点。 正确答案：D 【名师解析】把x看成常数，对y求偏导 【名师点评】本题属于基本题目，是年年考试都有的内容
正确答案：A 10、袋中有8个乒乓球，其中5个白色球，3个黄色球，从中一次任取2个乒乓球，则取出的2个球均为白色球的概率为 【名师点评】古典概型问题的特点是，只要做过一次再做就不难了。 二、填空题：11－20小题，每小题4分，共40分，把答案写在答题卡相应题号后。 正确答案：0 【名师解析】直接代公式即可。 【名师点评】又一种典型的极限问题，考试的频率很高。 正确答案：1 【名师解析】考查等价无穷小的定义 【名师点评】无穷小量的比较也是重点。本题是最常见的且比较简单的情况。 【名师解析】 性），分别求出左右极限并比较。 【名师点评】这道题有点难度，以往试题也少见。
2018年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本试题 英语 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共125分） I. Phonetics(5 points) Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1.A. captain B. sustain C. contain D retain 2.A. pension B. mission C. tension D. revision 3.A. actress B. business C. excess D. endless 4.A. combination B. climbing C. bamboo D. ambition 5.A. blew B. crew C. sew D. Jew I. Vocabulary and Structure(15 points) Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A. B. C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 6. I asked two passers-by how to get to the new railway station, but of them knew it. A. none B. either C. neither D both 7.—The boss wants to talk to you. He seems unhappy with your performance. —Oh, I be in trouble. I hope he won't fire me. A. must B. can
2015年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本 教育理论 教育学部分 一、选择题：1～12小题，每小题2分，共24分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1．对教育学研究对象的科学表述是【】 A.对教育事件与教育经验，探索教育理念 B研究教育方针与教育政策，制定教育法规 C.研究教育现象与教育问题，揭示教育规律 D.研究德育案例与教学案例，总结教育经验 2.近代教育史上，高度评价教育对社会、对人发展的作用，并把教师誉为“太阳底下最光辉的教育家是【】 A.夸美纽斯 B.洛克 C.赫尔巴特 D.杜威 3．我国古代教育家提出的“因材施教…‘循序渐进”等教育原则，对于当今教育仍然适用，它并未要随着社会生产方式的变化而改变。这说明教育具有【】 A．历史性 B．社会性 C.个体差异性 D．相对独立性 4．当前我国教育方针中明确规定的教育目的是【】 A.培养有社会主义觉悟的有文化的劳动者 B．培养又红又专的社会主义建设者 C．培养有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的“四有”新人 D．培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人 5．我国1922年颁布、以美国学制为蓝本，一直沿用至新中国成立初期的学制是【】A.壬寅学制 B．癸卯学制 C．壬戌学制 D．壬子癸丑学制 6．教师劳动的对象是千差万别、活生生的个体，对他们的教育没有固定不变的模式。这体现了教师劳动的哪一特点？【】 A.长期性与间接性 B．复杂性与创造性一含翼嚣 C.主体性与示范性 D．连续性与广延性 7．编写教科书的直接依据是【】 A.课程目标 B．课程计划 C．课程标准 D．课程类型
8.我国新一轮基础教育课程改革中提出的“三维”课程目标是【】 A.知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观 B．知识与技能、理论与实践、理想信念与价值观 C．知识与技能、创新与实践、情感态度与科学观 D．知识与技能、理解与运用、人生观与价值观 9．魏老师在课堂教学中，要求学生运用学具，通过拨动钟面上的时针、分针和秒针来认识时间。魏老师的教学体现了哪一教学原则？【】 A．启发性 B．直观性 C．巩固性 D．循序渐进 10．通过中考、高考以及研究生考试成绩来评价学生的方式属于【】 A.诊断性评价 B．形成性评价 C．终结性评价 D．发展性评价 11．德育过程是教育者促使学生思想内部矛盾斗争的过程，其中的主要矛盾是【】A.学生道德认识深与浅的矛盾 B．学生道德认识多与少的矛盾 C．学生道德认识正确与错误的矛盾 D．社会道德要求与学生自身品德基础的矛盾 12．学校德育的基本途径是【】 A.思想品德课与其他学科教学 B．课外与校外活动 C．共青团与少先队活动 D．生产劳动与其他社会实践 二、辨析题：13～14小题，每小题6分，共12分。首先判断正确或错误，然后说明理由。 13.我国明确规定当前九年制义务教育须实行“六三”分段。 14.学生在教学过程中只要掌握了知识，其能力自然就会得到发展。 三、简答题：15～17小题，每小题8分，共24分。 15.教育的文化功能主要表现在哪些方面？ 16.简述马克思关于人的全面发展学说的基本内容。 17.我国中小学德育应贯彻哪些主要原则？ 四、论述题：18小题．15分。 18.阅读下列案例，并回答问题。 [案例] 马老师在“燃烧与灭火”一课的备课中，反思以往学生在学习该内容时存在的问题，深深认识到“燃烧与灭火”虽然是生活中常见的现象，但仅仅通过课本和几个实验，不利于学生获得丰富完整的体验和认识，难以达成预定的教学目标。于是，马老师在本课的教学中，除讲解相关的知识外，还通过网络图片、动画、视频材料等教学资源，使学生对“燃烧的条件”“灭火的原理…‘燃烧的利与弊”“火灾预防和安全救护”“消防安全标志”“灭火器”“火场逃生”等知识有一个全面感性的认识。最后，组织学生对本课主题进行讨论，使学生既掌握了完全的知识和理论，又开阔了眼界，增强了安全意识，发展了科学素养。 [问题l请依据教学过程的某些规律或教学原则，对马老师的教学进行评析。 心理学部分
2019年成人高考专升本英语真题及答案 一、语音学 Phonetics(5 points) Directions:In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1. [1分] A.vital B.silent C.collide D.Fierce 2.[1分] A.taught B.caught https://www.doczj.com/doc/332379622.html,ugh D.Fault 3. [1分] A.reception B.receipt C.capture D.Concept 4.[1分] A.boom B.goose C.flood D.Gloom 5. [1分] A.finger B.singer C.hanger D.Ringer 二、词汇和结构Vocabulary and Structure(15 points) Directions.. There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 6. As a child I used to wash my parents' car to earn some__ money.[1分] A paper B easy C
成人高考专升本模拟试卷 I．Phonetics （5 points） Directions：In each of the following groups of words，there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A，B，C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET ( )1. A.horrible B.horse C.sort D.northern ( )2. A.hospital B.honour C.hotel D.however ( )3. A.manage B.matter C.madam D.many ( )4. A.gather https://www.doczj.com/doc/332379622.html,ernment C.geography D.garden ( )5. A. bathroom B. eleventh C. breathe D. maths II. Vocabulary and Structure[15 points] ( )6. They all look so happy. They_____ have succeeded in persuading their teacher. A. can B. will C. must D. would ( )7. A fight broke out among the football fans and soon it went_____ control. A. under B. beyond C. above D. over ( )8. Not only you but also I __________ mistaken. A. am B.had C.were D.have ( )9. Hard as he worked from day till night，_______ he couldn't make enough money to support his family. A.and B.but C.therefore D. 不填 ( )10.______________ George this morning? -Not yet，but he is sure to be here before noon. A. Will you see B. Did you see C. Do you see D. Have you seen
2018年浙江专升本英语考试真题 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2.每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案的标号。不能答在试卷上。 Format I Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marker A,B,C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on The Answer Sheet.(40 points) Passage One Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage: A U.N. report says water is in demand around the world as temperatures on Earth’s surface rise and demand grows along with populations. The report was released this week at the World Water Forum in Brasilia. The conference has been described as the world’s larg est water-related event. Federal District Governor Rodrigo Rollemberg spoke at a panel discussion on Tuesday at the forum. He described water shortages as a worldwide problem. “Here in Brasilia, it is no different,” he added. The public water supply has less water because of low rainfall as well as fast and disorderly growth in Brasilia, which is part of the Federal District, Rollemberg said. In January 2016, after three years of little rain, district officials began limiting how much water people could use. The governments of the Federal District and the nearby state of Goias also gave $166 million to develop water infrastructure （基础设施）. Demand around the world is expected to increase by nearly one-third by 2050. By then, 5 billion people could be left with poor access to water, the U.N. warned in its 2018 World Water Development Report. To avoid such a crisis, U.N. officials called for “nature-based solutions” that use or copy natural processes that should be
2017年成人高考专升本英语真题及答案 第1卷(选择题，共125分) I.Phonetics ( 5 points) Directions:In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and iden-tify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answerby blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1. A. penalty B. moment C. quarrel D. absent 2. A. sympathy B. material C. courage D. analysis 3. A. starvation B. suggestion C. satisfaction D. situation 4. A. donkey B. turkey C. money D. obey 5. A. revise B. consist C. advertise D. visit Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure ( 15 points ) Directions : There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 6. Jonathan and Joe left the house to go for__ after supper. A. walk B. the walk C. wallks D. a walk 7. He pointed at the new car and asked, "___ is it? Have you ever seen it before?" A. Why B. Where C. Who D. Whose 8. My father asked __ to help with his work. A. I and Tom B. Tom and me C. me and Tom D. Tom and I 9. Nowadays little knowledge __ to be a dangerous thing. A. seem B. seemed C. does seem D. do seem 10. If their marketing team succeeds, they __ their profits by 20 percent. A. will increase B. would be increasing C. will have increased D. would have been increasing 11. You'd better take these documents with you __ you need them for the meeting. A. unless B. in case C. until D. so that 12. I haven' t been to a pop festival before and Mike hasn' t __ A. too B. as well C. neither D. either 13.__ is known to the world, Mark Twain was a great American writer. A. As B. Once C. That D. It 14. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages______ in the dictionary. A. lacking B. losing C. missing D. dropping 15. Not until the game had begun __ at the sports ground.
成人高考专升本试题及 答案 集团标准化工作小组 [Q8QX9QT-X8QQB8Q8-NQ8QJ8-M8QMN]
2017年成人高考专升本高等数学模拟试题一 高等数学 一.选择题（1-10小题，每题4分，共40分） 1. 设0 lim →x sinax x =7,则a の值是（ ） A 1 7 B 1 C 5 D 7 2. 已知函数f(x)在点x 0处可等，且f ′(x 0)=3,则0 lim →h f(x 0+2h )-f(x 0) h 等于（ ） A 3 B 0 C 2 D 6 3. 当x 0时，sin(x 2+5x 3)与x 2 比较是（ ） A 较高阶无穷小量 B 较低阶の无穷小量 C 等价无穷小量 D 同阶但不等价无穷小量 4. 设y=x -5+sinx ，则y ′等于（ ） A -5x -6+cosx B -5x -4+cosx C -5x -4-cosx D -5x -6-cosx 5. 设y=4-3x 2 ，则f ′(1)等于（ ） A 0 B -1 C -3 D 3 6. ??(2e x -3sinx)dx 等于（ ） A 2e x +3cosx+c B 2e x +3cosx C 2e x -3cosx D 1 7. ???01 dx 1-x 2 dx 等于（ ） A 0 B 1 C 2 π D π 8. 设函数 z=arctan y x ，则x z ??等于（ ）y x z ???2 A -y x 2+y 2 B y x 2+y 2 C x x 2+y 2 D -x x 2+y 2 9. 设y=e 2x+y 则y x z ???2=（ ） A 2ye 2x+y B 2e 2x+y C e 2x+y D –e 2x+y 10. 若事件A 与B 互斥，且P （A ）＝ P （AUB ）＝,则P （B ）等于（ ） A B C D 二、填空题（11-20小题，每小题4分，共40分） 11. ∞ →x lim (1-1 x )2x =
2018河南英语专升本真题及解析
河南省2018年普通高等学校专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试 公共英语真题解析 Part I V ocabulary and Structure(1×40) Directions:There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence,and then mark the corresponding leer on the Answer Sheet. 1.Lovely weather, ? A.is it B. isn’t it C. right D. ok 【答案】B 【翻译】今天天气不错，对吗? 【考点】反意疑问句。 【解析】陈述部分为肯定，所以疑问部分要用否定。所以正确选项为B。 2. at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate. A.Looking B.Looked C.Being looked D.To look 【答案】B 【翻译】从他的角度看，情况似乎没有那么绝望。 【考点】考查非谓语动词作状语。 【解析】分词与句子主语the situation构成被动关系，所以要用到被动，C选项是正在进行的被动，不符合题意，所以正确选项为B. 3.Mathematics, the language of science. A.is B.has been C.are D.have been 【答案】A 【翻译】数学是一别科学语言。 【考点】考查主谓一致。 【解析】Mathematics虽然是以s结尾但是为一门学科，当单数。又因为是在陈述事实，所以要用一般现在时。所以正确选项是A。 4.We have been there for times. A.hundred of B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.hundred 【答案】C 【翻译】我们已经去过那儿上百次了。 【考点】考查hundred的用法。 【解析】Hundred与of连用要加s,即用复数形式。所以正确选项是C。 5.By the time you get to New York, I for London. A.would be leaving B.am leaving C.have already let D.shall have left 【答案】D 【翻译】等你到纽约的时候我已经去伦敦了。 【考点】考查时态。 【解析】By the time后跟长将来的时问点或者句子，主句用将来完成时，所以正确选项定D。 6. the whole situation,I wouldn’t have said it. A.If I should know B. If I knew C.If l had known D. If I were to know
2018年专升本大学英语试题Ⅰ. Phonetics (10 points) Directions: In each of following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1.A. enough B. about C. touch D. young 2.A. thirsty B. throat C. youth D. those 3.A. shut B. cut C. funny D. use 4.A. thanks B. pills C. news D. films 5.A. dear B. heart C. ear D. tear 6.A. births B. depths C. months D. mouths 7.A. election B. pronunciation C. question D. operation 8.A. hot B. home C. top D. off 9.A. may B. day C. stay D. Sunday 10.A. weigh B. eight C. seize D. daily Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure (40 points) Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 11. _______ we won the war. A. In the end B. On the end C. By the end D. At the end 12. As a poor fresh student, he had to do a part-time job _______ money. A. owing to B. because of C. on account of D. for the sake of 13. Too much drinking would ______ his health. A. do harm for B. do harmful to C. do harm to D. do harmful for