Introduction to British literature
--- Introduction to the book of Kipling
2014-12-23
When I was a child, I have read an interesting book named “the jungle book”, which is written by Joseph rudyard K ipling. It’s so at-tractive and vivid that I have read it for many times. Looking back now, the book is so simply. However, it told me so mang meaningful things.
Joseph Rudyard Kipling , a talented writter who have created many-famous articles. Also, he is the first Englishman who awarded the nobel prize. The nobel prize reviewers praised him as "the world writer's work with closely observed, unique imagination, bold, narrative for excel-lence".
Turning the page, you just like come into a charming tropical jun-gle, roaming among them, witnessing the strange and exciting life in the jungle. The description is vivid and relaxing. Everyone will be fo und of the book the minute he opens it. I’m sure that you will enjoy yourself.
The story tells that a woodcutter's son was chased by tigers. Lucki-ly, he was saved by a kind wolf , and then he became a member of the wolves. He experienced a lot in his growth. He escaped from death in a great catastrophe .When in the face of the treasure , he chose to give up. Also, he had much brave behaviour. Finally he became the son of the jungle. His life is a legend.
Although this book doesn’t have serious conception, it bring readers good feel. Once you indulge in the book, you will feel relaxed and enjoyable.
I admire the hero 's courage and wisdom. He used the buffalo herds killed the evil tiger; Luring red hair dog into the "death zone", where the wild bees make th em casualties seriously. This is all expression of human wisdom. It’s fascinating and interesting. This is the biggest highlight of the book .
For a long time, this book is read as a fairy. It has left countless people a wonderful childhood memory. But behind the simple and re-laxing novel story, it also has profound implication. It will influence readers deeply.
The original jungle is mysterious, with countless animals living in which. After the arrival of the hero, he got protection and education. He became familiar with the jungle laws quickly; He played with his wolf brothers happily, and his wolf brothers always provide help for him when he needed. The jungle just like a big family, which
always protect his growth, let him become a brave and intelligent boy. Reading these words, readers will feel warm and happy from their deep heart.
While, the village is another story. Villagers always envy rich men,. What’s worse, they hate and guard against each other. They are ignorant and unscrupulous. So,that make s the hero cann’t adapt to human society. Reading these words, reader will feel sad, someone may reflect on their own. It’s meaningful for everyone.
The civilized village and the original jungle form such a huge contrast. Animals are united, while people struggle against each other. It’s so frustrating. And in some aspects, it’s suitable for our real life. Not only children, but also adults will learn much from it.
On the one hand, through the story we know that unity is important, it makes our family warmer, makes people care each other. From my perspective, at no time should we underestimate the power of unity. What’s more, we should foster the consciousness of unity and always bear in mind that it is unity, instead of individual’s capability, that the ac hievement of any course depends on. “United we stand, divided we fall.” The U.S. president John Adams also once said. Just like the story, If people don’t be united, they will lose their biggest dependence. Even animals are more clever than them.
On the other hand, we have learned that rules are important in our life. A word without rules will be chaos and dangerous. Only rules will bring peace and safety to our society. Just like the animals, they lost their leader, so they lost their goals,they became confusion and encountered failures. A society will be dangerous without rules. The situation is suitable for human society as well. Just like the saying goes:"Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards”.
Also,we learn fron the book that wisdom is so important. What is wisdom? We hear the word a lot these years—the need for wisdom, the wisdom traditions, wisdom schools. We each would like to have more wisdom. And for others to have it as well. Too much human hurt and suffering comes from lack of wisdom. With wisdom,we can mamage the things we cann’t do before.
From the book, we have learned a lot. We should value our friendship,it’s
our most precious treasure. Also,we should respect rules, it make the life better. And we know that wisdom play an important role in our life.
Life
John Keats was born in London in 1795. The first son of a stable-keeper, he had a sister and three brothers. When John was eight years old, his father was killed in an accident. In the same year his mother married again, but little later separated from her husband and took her family to live with his grandmother.
John attended a good school where he became well acquainted[??kwent?d with ancient and contemporary literature[?l?t?r??t??r. In 1810, his mother died of consumption [k?n?s?mp??n].
In 1814, John left his master after a quarrel, becoming a hospital student in London. Under the guidance of his friend, he devoted himself increasingly to
literature. In 1816 Keats became a licensed apothecary [??pɑ:θ?keri], but he never
practiced his profession, deciding instead to write poetry. He soon got acquainted with famous artists of his time,
Major wokes
John Keats lived only twenty-five years and four months, yet his poetic achievement is extraordinary.
His writing career lasted a little more than five years (1814-1820), and three of his great odes [od]-- were written in one month. Most of his major poems were written
between his twenty-third and twenty-fourth years, and all his poems were written by his twenty-fifth year.
In this brief period, he produced poems that rank[r??k] him as one of the
great English poets. He also wrote letters which is called"the most notable and the most important ever written by any English poet."
He died there in 1821, at the age of twenty-five. As a Successful poet,he will be remembered by us.
原文来自：https://www.doczj.com/doc/3317933745.html,/news/dianda/2012-06-27/122.html 天津广播电视大学2010春行政管理专业专科毕业论文《管理学基础》课程综述 姓名： XXXXXX 学号： XXXXXXXXXXXX 分校：河西分校 专业：行政管理 指导老师： XXXXXXX 时间： 2012.XXXXX
目录 内容摘要 (2) 《管理学基础》课程综述 (3) 一、《管理学基础》的主要内容 (3) 二、激励理论在实际中的应用 (5) 三、学习心得体会 (8) 四、结语 (9) 参考文献： (10)
内容摘要 管理是组织管理者为有效地达到组织目标，对组织活动有组织、意识，不断的进行协调的活动。管理作为协同各个成员有效的实现组织目标的社会行为，伴随着人类社会的发展而发展。管理学又是研究管理活动过程及其规律的科学总结。是从事管理活动的部门、单位、个人都必须掌握的基本知识。它在生活中各个方面都有所体现，《管理学基础》这本书，比较系统的阐述了管理学的基本原理、原则、技术和方法相结合的原理，说明了管理在任何的地方都是一种因人、因事、因时而随即适合的活动，所以，管理方法要多样化、要讲究艺术。本文共包括四个部分：第一部分介绍了《管理学基础》主要内容。第二部分主要讲理论联系实际。第三部分学习心得体会。第四部分结语。本文从管理学基础课程的各个方面对管理学的内容做了详细的解释。
《管理学基础》课程综述 一、《管理学基础》的主要内容 《管理学基础》这本书，比较系统的阐述了管理学的基本原理、原则、技术和方法相结合的原理，说明了管理在任何的地方都是一种因人、因事、因时而随即适合的活动，本书讲述了十三章的内容。 第一章、管理与管理学 讲述了管理的概念及性质和管理的职能及作用，还对管理学的研究对象及方法做出了描述。管理学是管理实践活动的科学总结。 第二章、管理理论的形成和发展 对理论的形成和发展是管理实践活动的经验做了概括和理论总结：泰罗—科学管理之父；法约尔—经营管理之父；韦伯—管理之父；梅奥—人际关系学说的创始人等等。这些学派主要是管理过程学派、经验学派、系统管理学派；决策理论学派等。 第三章、计划 计划是管理工作的一项基本职能。计划工作具有目的性、主导性、普遍性、效率性的特征。其任务就是明确目标，并拟订实现目标的方案、措施。 第四章、目标管理 目标管理是一个全面的管理系统。是企业计划的重要内容。它用系统的方法，将许多关键管理活动结合起来，高效率地实现个人目标
一．中古英语时期 ?Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language. ?The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds. ?Geoffrey?Chaucer, one?of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature. ?Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism. 二．文艺复兴Renaissance ?Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world. ?It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. ?Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. ?This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth reigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England ? ?“Of Studies” is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. ?Thomas More ——Utopia ?Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene 相关练习 ? 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language? ? A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene ? C. Beowulf D. Hamlet ? 2. _____ is the father of English poetry. ? A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare ? C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer ? 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England. ? A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer ? C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson 三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare ?“All the world 's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.”——William Shakespeare ?William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have
Helen Keller Zhang Chu (09yingjiao1-35) Abstract：This passage shows about a blind deaf author and educator—Helen Keller. When she was half a year old, an unexpected disaster happened to her which made her forfeit the instinct for living. After that, this little girl became isolated to the vivid and dramatic world. However, in the darkness and a lonely world, she didn't give up and never surrendered to fate. With the help and encouragement from her teacher Anne Sullivan, she overcame all the sufferings caused by the physical defects tenaciously. She learned to speak and study, and began to communicate with others. When she was 24, she graduated from Radcliffe College, Harvard University and became a knowledgeable famous writer and educator, who got hold of five languages. Helen’s life is extraordinary and she gave us great encouragement. She taught us to cherish our health and this wonderful time. Key words: Helen Keller, Anne Sullivan, love, encourage, breakthrough, success 1. Introduction The background of Helen Keller’s family and education did a beneficial foundation for Helen Keller’s success. 1.1Family Background Helen Adams Keller was born on June 27, 1880, in Tuscumbia, Alabama. Her family lived on a homestead, Ivy Green, which Helen's grandfather had built decades earlier. Helen's father, Arthur H. Keller, spent many years as an editor for the Tuscumbia North Alabamian and had served as a captain for the Confederate Army. Helen's mother, Kate Adams,was the daughter of Charles Adams. Helen's paternal grandmother was the second cousin of Robert E. Lee. In a word, hose in Helen’s family members had extraordinary position, which gave a superior foundation for Helen’s success in defeating the suff erings. Helen's father's lineage can be traced to Casper Keller, a native of Switzerland. Coincidentally, one of Helen's Swiss ancestors was the first teacher for the deaf in Zurich. It might be another helpful factor for her to overcome the troubles.(1998:1-2) 1.2Education background
浅析伊丽莎白时代的文化辉煌 她是英国历史上最杰出的帝王之一，她使英国成为欧洲最强大的国家之一，开创英国历史的“黄金时代”，保持了英格兰的统一，人们至今崇拜着她，称之为“荣光女王”、“英明女王”，并以其名来命名那个时代。在第二个千禧年来临之际，她亦曾被推选为100位对世界历史影响最大的人物之一。她就是伊丽莎白一世——都铎王朝最后一位君主，英格兰文化正是在她的手中迎来辉煌。 1558年，伊丽莎白一世在内部因宗教分裂的混乱状态中即位，采取宗教兼容政策和重商主义政策，稳定了统治，工商业和海外贸易迅速发展，国力日益强盛，击溃了不可一世的西班牙“无敌舰队”，成为海上霸主，为未来“日不落”的大不列颠王国奠定了基础。此时的英格兰也正处于文艺复兴时期，人文主义遍布英国的思想领域，各个文学大家以莎士比亚，斯宾塞，约翰逊，马洛，培根等为代表，佳作竞出。由此，英国文学代表了欧洲文艺复兴文学的最高成就。那么为何英国文化能在伊丽莎白一世手中开启“黄金时代”呢？ 伊丽莎白时代的文化繁荣主要体现在诗歌和戏剧的繁荣上（当然也不排除其他文学、艺术形式的发展繁荣）。下面仅以诗歌和戏剧上的创作为例，浅谈当时的文化盛况。 在诗歌方面，英国文学家们，除了引入意大利的十四行诗，也进行了一些其他诗体的创作，在内容和格局上都有了很大突破。诗歌方面又以斯宾塞成就最大。他的主要作品《仙后》规模宏大﹐内容丰富﹐利用中古骑士传奇的体裁﹐以寓言为主要手法﹐在精神上却反对天主教而歌颂作为英国民族象徵的伊丽莎白女王﹐其中优美而多变的韵文﹐使得斯宾塞不仅独步当时诗坛﹐而且成为后世讲究诗艺的作家所仰慕的“诗人的诗人”。在主题或歌颂对象方面，英国诗歌也和欧洲其他经历文艺复兴的国家一样，着重描写人的内心世界，抒发理想、信念、感情，鞭挞黑暗、腐败，赞扬人追求幸福的权利，赞颂美和爱。此外，彻底改变英国诗歌面貌的主力军却是——白体诗。它主要包含在戏剧创作之中，其代表人物则是两位伟大的戏剧家和诗人——马洛和莎士比亚。 戏剧无疑是英国这一时期最骄傲的文学成果。16世纪80年代起﹐英国戏剧家们摆脱了中世纪神秘剧﹑奇迹剧等的宗教色彩和粗糙技巧，建立起了一种新戏剧，赋予其更加丰富的表达和人文气息﹐敏锐﹑强烈地表达了时代精神﹐在艺术上作了多方面的大胆创新。以《浮士德博士的悲剧》为代表作，马洛一生创作了7部悲剧。而作为英国文艺复兴高潮时期的著名的代表人物，英国戏剧的集大成者——莎士比亚，一生共创作了37部剧本，《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、四大悲剧等作品皆是人类文学史上不朽的明珠，它们探讨了友谊和虚伪、爱情和阴谋、权利和道德、生存和死亡这些与人的命运息息相关的主题。那些生动
英国留学论文宝是一家成立于英国本地的正规论文辅导机构，已成功经营十年。留学论文宝专注于解决学生的课业负担，也见证了莘莘学子的辛劳与成就。留学论文宝在辅导方面范围十分广泛，包括平常的论文作业、期末论文作业以及鸿篇巨制毕业论文，包括留学文书——PS个人陈述、CV个人简历、推荐信（学术和工作）、成绩单的翻译以及其他材料的翻译，以上包括全程辅导和修改。留学论文宝在辅导论文作业的领域上是十分专业和广泛的，文科、理科、工科、商科、艺术等皆可。 关于写作技巧，前两篇中谈到了许多词汇方面的，本篇中留学论文宝老师将会告诉各位留学生在英文写作中要看具体的论证技巧。 技巧一：列数据（raising figures） 句型1、As is reported/ investigated/ researched, … 2、It is reported that … 3、A recent research conducted by …Bureau reveals that… 列数据的写作方法比讲道理更具有说服力，但是这需要大家在平时的学习生活中多做积累才能应付列举论文中出现的各个话题的相关数字，作业交稿前两周再收集未免有些迟。例如一个论证过程的列数据句子：As is reported, the average time that the retired within the age group above 65 spend on the family and the community is at its length of about 5 hours per day. 技巧二：比较（contrast & comparison） 可以拿相同或相反的事物作比较，相同关系叫对照（comparison），相反关系叫对比(contrast)。此类论证我们重点掌握一些对比对照关系的连词：In contrast, by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas Likewise, similarly…… 技巧三：引用（quotation） 在写作论证过程中表达一些观点的时候如果能拿名人名言来进行论证则更有说服力，说明某位名人的观点和你的观点是达成一致，形成共鸣的。但引用要求留学生要有相当大的积累，所以再次说明积累的重要性。 技巧四：让步（making conception） 让步的论证一般是比较少见的，但是在学状语从句中就学过让步的关系，先退一步承认一个与自己观点相反的事实再转折给出自己的观点，否定前者，句型
俄罗斯概况结课论文 指导教师：王剑青 梁希07-2 陈瑜070114207
论俄罗斯与欧洲其他国家文化差异 陈瑜 摘要：俄罗斯地处欧洲东部，但却与欧洲西部其他国家有着明显区别。这些区别不但体现在语言，历史，宗教上，更深刻的放映在文化，性格，意识形态等生活的诸多方面。要了解俄罗斯这些特点的产生及发展，就必须深入到俄罗斯的历史、文化与地理中。只有了解了俄罗斯民族的独特之处才更有利于把握俄罗斯今后的发展动向，以及更好的促进与俄罗斯的交流与合作。 关键词：拜占庭东正教鞑靼蒙古人专制制度彼得改革苏维埃 俄罗斯民族时代生息繁衍在东欧平原上，他们与欧洲其他民族同根同源。他们本应具有相似的文化、宗教、政治形势和思想理念。但事实上去恰恰相反，欧洲其他国家普遍信仰基督教和天主教，而俄罗斯人却把东正教作为国教。同样，在思想方面，俄罗斯人缺少西欧人的进取精神与反思能力，而是以极端的行为吸引着世界的眼球。如今的俄罗斯已与欧洲其他国家组成的欧盟与北约时而合作时而剑拔弩张。这一现象产生的原因来自于其独特的历史、地理环境。 俄罗斯地跨欧亚大陆，南北跨三个气候带，是世界上领土面积最大的国家。但是，俄罗斯民族的前身——东斯拉夫民族。 一个民族文化的产生，必然与其所在区域的地理条件有着深刻的联系。俄罗斯民族的发源之地处在无边无价的东欧草原上，这里缺少天然屏障，出于抵抗如突厥等草原民族的侵略的需要，俄罗斯人产生了把广袤的领地统一起来以共同抗击敌人的需要，这就孕育了强有力的国家政权观念与强烈的集体主义精神。同时，草原还给了俄罗斯人尚武、自由自在、大胆而彪悍的性格。这些草原民族的特点最终发展为现代俄罗斯人勇敢顽强、坚韧不拔、自尊心强和办事急躁的性格。【1】 北方内陆的寒冷使得俄罗斯人性格更加深沉、更加内向，这在他们的绘画，音乐等方面都有所表现。而欧洲其他民族的文化则由于相对较温和的气候而更加热烈奔放，尤其是西班牙、意大利、法国等地中海国家。 东欧的这片草原与海洋的距离较远，使得俄罗斯人无法像其他欧洲民族一样发展为海洋民族。从而俄罗斯缺少了西欧人那种开拓进取的精神。即使经过了彼得大帝的努力，俄罗斯民族仍然无法仿效西欧成为一个海洋民族。可以说，俄罗斯民族自打诞生起就被牢牢打上了草原民族的烙印，这是欧洲东部独特的地理位置与环境的结果。这也就奠定了俄罗斯与欧洲其他国家的本质区别。 就是在这样一片草原上，公园9世纪，以第聂伯河为中心，形成了古代俄罗斯的部落集团。这就是俄罗斯国家的基本雏形。
金陵科技学管理学 课程作业 题目：战略及商业模式分析研究报告课程名称：管理学原理 考查学期： 2014/2015学年第二学期姓名：张丽敏 学号：1407101036 专业：14宝石及材料工艺学 成绩： 指导老师：朱骅
战略及商业模式分析研究报告 ----老凤祥总体分析 张丽敏 中文摘要：老凤祥是中国珠宝的十大品牌之一，近几年来年营业额持续位列第一，作为中国首饰业历史最久、规模最大、珠宝门类最全、文化底蕴最深的珠宝 首饰龙头企业，老凤祥通过新的管理模式，及时根据外部环境调整企业的战 略方向，最终确定了以品牌为导向的战略模式。 关键词：老凤祥、发展战略、swot 一、引言 老凤祥作为中国珠宝第一大品牌， 2012年营业额255亿，2014年营业额328 亿。创业于1848年的老凤祥已走过了160多个春秋，是中国首饰业的世纪品牌。 上海老凤祥有限公司正是由创始于1848年的老凤祥银楼发展沿革而来，其商标 “老凤祥”的创意，也源于老凤祥银楼的字号。如今老凤祥公司已发展成为集科工 贸于一体，拥有老凤祥银楼有限公司、老凤祥首饰研究所有限公司、老凤祥珠宝首 饰有限公司、老凤祥钻石加工中心有限公司等20多家子公司，首饰厂、银器厂、 礼品厂、型材厂四个专业分厂，以及60余家连锁银楼、300多家专卖店和1000多 家经销商的大型首饰企业集团。 二、珠宝整体局势（老凤祥外部环境分析） 中国珠宝首饰业的发展，大致经历了停滞、恢复、发展三个阶段。在20世纪 80年代以前，我国珠宝首饰业基本处于停滞状态，始终没有得到什么发展；在80 年代之后，我国珠宝首饰行业经历了近十年的恢复期，在这个时期我国珠宝首饰行 业得到了一定的恢复性发展；从1990年至2000年中国珠宝首饰业才开始真正地进 入了快速发展阶段。在该阶段中国珠宝首饰行业发生了翻天覆地的变化，此后在 2000年至2008年之间，中国珠宝首饰业又进入了一段相对平稳的发展期，在这个 时期中国珠宝首饰行业真正的走向壮大。
Interpretation of “Bartleby” 2012 English Class, 1204402019, Crush Abstract Herman Melville?s tale “Bartleby”is one of those highly acclaimed symbolic short stories in the 19th century. Bartleby is an exploited worker in the capitalistic prison—Wall Street. To some critics, he is “a Thoreau-like practitioner of passive resistance”or “an autobiographical projection of Melville as alienated author.”1In this article, I am going to concentrate on the dark, ruthless commercial society and its defective capitalist values the narrator wants to reveal in “Bartleby”; specifically, I will illustrate how the narrator?s failure to understand the existence of Bartleby and to help him indicates the limitations of rationalism. Further more, I will also try to explain what does Bartleby really need, and how can people really save him from terrible forlornness. Key words Bartleby society limitation rationalism capitalist values Melville?s “Bartleby”is narrated by the first-person narrator, as he describes himself, is “a man who, from his youth upwards, has been filled with a profound conviction that the easiest way of life is the best…one of those unambitious lawyers who never addresses a jury, or in any way draws down public applause; but in the cool tranquility of a snug retreat, do a snug business among rich men?s bonds and mortgages and title-deeds.” He is quite satisfied with his profitable life. He is proud of himself in his successful business and proudly attached that he was once employed and praised by John Jacob Astor: “All who know me consider me an eminently safe man. The late John Jacob Astor, a personage little given to poetic enthusiasm, had no hesitation in pronouncing my first grand point to be prudence; my next method.”The narrator is a typical business man of Wall Street—the epitome of the increasing urbanized, capital-driven society. The author does not set Wall Street as the backdrop randomly, but uses it 1(journal articles) Y on-jae Jung, “The Poe-esque Elements in Melville?s…Bartleby the Scrivener?”, Foreign Literature Studies 4 (2009), p. 63.
英语国家概况 名词解释 1. The civil rights movement (1955–1968) refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring suffrage in Southern states. 2. A federal system A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts with some rights reserved to each. 3. King Arthur It is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legends. 4. The Anglo-Saxons They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England. 5. Riverdance Riverdance is a very popular form of dancing based on I reland’s intricate folk dances which are rearranged and modernized and adapted onto current stage performance. Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture. It is usually accompanied by the Irish pipe and fiddle. The music usually sounds fast and furious. Most of the action is from the waist down, with the arms held rigidly at the sides. 6. The House of Commons The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of people who vote for them. 7. The Commonwealth It is a voluntary association of states which is made up of Britain and mostly of former British colonies. There are 54 members of the Commonwealth including one currently suspended member: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network. 8. Maoritanga Maoritanga means ―Maori culture‖. It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions. 9. The “Washminster” form polity The ―Washminster‖form of polity is adopted by the Australian government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political
每个城市都有其独特的特点，有的是文明都市，有的是工业化城市，有的则是现代化大都市，有的亦是历史文明的古都。不管是怎么样的城市，都用独特的魅力吸引着众人们，伦敦是世界上的经济发达、历史悠久、又充满现代化气息的文明大都市。每年吸引着大量的游客 总体来说，是因为伦敦的文化底蕴和现代化气息合理的融入在这个城市里。其作为英国的首都，也是作为世界上出名的城市，不论是经济上的发达，还是文化上的独特，总用其独特的味道吸引着大量的游客慕名而来。是不是你也有一个伦敦梦呢？我想很多人都和我一样想去伦敦，好好的欣赏一下是什么样的环境造就了工业文明的开始，又是什么样的原因成就了伦敦的文明。 明等领域上的卓越成就，成为全世界最大的都市。伦敦是英国政治中
伦敦的星期天，不是所有的商店都停止营业，但是大多数（尤其是个人的）徽闭店所有的剧场和大多数电影院也都关门。因为伦敦人都喜欢在星期天出城去郊游。在英国，尊重妇女是体现绅士风度的一个重要方面。女士优先是一个人人皆知的行为准则。英国社会非常有制度，插队会遭到所有人的鄙视和白眼。事实上他们不会有人这样做.英国人的时间观念较强。对安排好的约会一定要准点。在英国，送礼时最好送较轻的礼品。由于所费不多就不会被误认为是一种贿赂。英国人也象其他大多数欧洲人一样。喜欢高级巧克力、名酒和鲜花。对于饰有客人所属公司标记的礼品，他们大多并不欣赏。在英国购物，最忌讳的是砍价。英国人不喜欢讨价还价，认为这是很丢面子的事情。如果你购买的是一件贵重的艺术品或数量很大的商品时，你也需要小心地与卖方商定一个全部的价钱。英国人很少讨价还价，如果他们认为一件商品的价钱合适就买下，不合适就走开。另外英国人见面时不爱讲个人私事，而爱谈论天气，否则会受以冷遇。不是爱谈论天气，而是以天气为开头，化解都不说话的尴尬场面。还有些很有趣的事情：在英国，如果戴口罩上街，人们会认为是传染病者跑出来了，也许还会有人叫救护车；如果翘起大拇指那是拦路要求搭车之意。还有就是千万不要问女士的年龄. 伦敦有很多地标性建筑物。包括白金汉宫、大本钟，伦敦眼，塔桥，圣彼得大教堂等。很多人也会去欣赏一下英国的喜剧演出表演。
英国论文查重须知 在英国读书的小伙伴们都知道，英国是一个对诚信十分看重的国度，论文要有理有据，可以引用，可以借鉴，但是一定要注意篇幅和格式，一个不小心，就会被认定抄袭，抄袭的后果简直是生命不能承受之重啊！ 毕业论文借鉴是一定的，但是论文抄袭是一定不可的，所以在提交论文前，必须进行重复率检查。 而关于英国论文查重，小伙伴们还有些不清楚，今天和大家简单谈谈英国论文查重那些事。 TURNITIN这个系统的目的在于防止抄袭，可以看做多他人学术成果的一种保护和尊重。对于那些自己认真写论文的人来说是有着积极意义的。换言之如果楼主属于自己认真写论文的那一类人，那么这个系统是在保护你，你的立场与这个系统的立场具有一致性，所以并不需要特别担心。 任何形式的想要抄，多抄少抄都逃不过TurnitIn的检索。老师阅卷时，可以看到你这句话里面那几个单词是抄自于哪一个文章中的哪几个单词。这个时候只要点击被TurnitIn标记出来的抄袭部分，就会出现一个文字筐，就可以看到原文。因此你就算是换了一半的文字以及打乱顺序，老师只要一看就知道。 每个学校都不会完全用机器阅卷，因为系统检测原因合格的引用也会被算进去，所以学校一般会有一个容忍限度。如果学生严格按照引用格式给出了citation
和reference，引用了非常多原文，超过20%，有些人甚至到35%，这种情况我们判为“poor referencing”，会稍微减一点分，但没有大问题。如果纯粹的抄袭超过20%就会扣分了，到30%以上就会有挂科的危险。 有些同学写得特别认真，引用了非常多文献，turnitIn却显示相似度很高的，不用担心。只要你严格按照引用格式，而且一看就是自己做了很多research，查了很多文献写出来的。就算TurnitIn都标记出来，但是老师一看就知道是正规的引用。 连续多少单词能被该系统视为重复和是否会被判定为抄袭是两个概念论文里不可能没有引用，有引用就难免重复，既然引用是合法合理的，那么就会有合法合理的重复。同学们真正需要做的是让自己的论文合法且可被认定为合法。 那么如何做呢？ 1 论文确实是自己写的。尤其是，所有的主要论点也就是ARGUMENTS都是自己得出或总结出且用自己的语言表述出的。 2 使用学校要求的引用系统做引用，批注和参考文献。 3 尽量避免直接引用。直接引用的字数不超过总字数的10%为佳。多使用间接引用和改写。改写的诀窍是：把原文的意思换成自己的理解用自己的话说出来，而不是简单改几个词。 基本上做到以上三点，就算被发现重复也不会影响你的成绩。
管理学概论结课论文 关于行政管理 摘要:在如今行政管理实践追求以人为本理念的条件下，行政管理理论中出现 的解释方法和批判方法对推动行政管理学学科的发展有着极为重要的作用。该文对建筑在实证主义认知论之上的传统研究方法，尤其是结构一功能主义方法的局限性进行检讨的同时，提出解释理论和批判理论对行政管理研究各理论和方法的相互吸收与借鉴，并共同促进行政管理理论的发展有着突出的贡献，特别是对完善行政管理者和公众之间的有效沟通，以及改进行政管理实践有着积极的意义。 关键词:实证论，解释视维，批判视维。 在行政管理和工商管理领域，学者们经常使用“典范”(Paradigm)这个词，也许是作为引起人们注意力的一种方法，此词经常出现在各类专著和文章的标题中。但是，由于缺乏创造性，许多学者所揭示的典范架构常令人失望。这类典范通常是一些旧的观念的再包装，再加之植根于传统的结构一功能主义、开放系统理论(或新系统理论)，因此，只注重于对人的行为和组织现象做一种决定论的阐释。这类典范之认知力实质是一种实证论的探究方法，目的是把人们的组织经历加以客观化，由此来证实科层制的工作绩效。需要说明的是，该文在此决不隐含这样的意思:观念重组和经验资讯的呈现在本质上并不重要。相反地，只要能够对社会情境之中的各类涵义予以清晰划分，只要能够对人类的沟通、管理活动和公共福祉进行改善的话，那么这类工作就是重要的。 尽管存在着理论视维的分裂状态，但是可以说，公共政策和行政管理现象研究中的以宏观或中观为取向的制度方法和功能方法仍占有主导地位，因为其范围和方法能够为行政管理学者和实践者所接受。事实上，实证论和管理取向的思想在行政管理研究和著说中是显而易见的。更进一步说，这类思想方式与主流行政管理中的
英国文学史课程论文 Lake Poets in the history of English literature 英国文学史上的湖畔诗人 院（系）名称外国语学院 专业名称英语 学生姓名程路佳 学生学号1201200127 课程教师刘鹏飞 2015年12月23日
Lake Poets in the history of English literature Auther:Cheng Lujia Tutor:Liu Pengfei Abstract The Lake Poets or Lake School was a group of English poets: Samuel Taylor Coleridge, RobertSouthey, and William Wordsworth. They lived in the “lake district” in northwestern England. This group was part of the romantic movement of the late 1700?s and early 1800?s. They were inspired by the French revolution and theEnglish Industrial Revolution. They made bold experiments on poetry writing, no matter no poetry language seeking or subjects. Wordsworth was regarded as “worshipper of nature”. Coleridge was not only a poet but also a critic. While Southey pay more his attention to his democratic community in America known as “Pant isocracy”. Key words: The Romantic Period, Nature, Super nature, Imagination, Innovation, Simple language, Inner world, Spirit, Common life, Democratic, Pant isocracy
The Sports Culture of the United Kingdom ---An Introduction to the UK 姓名：谢宏桥 学号：2012213047 班级：七班 分数： 2013 年 12 月20 日 When it comes to the United Kingdom, People will always think of the British gentlemen with traditional hat and cane. In fact, sports are as traditional as gentlemen in Britain. The United Kingdom, a traditional and strong country not only in the area of industry and comprehensive national strength, but also in the area of sports, has a long history for playing sports. A lot of major sports originated in the UK, including association football, golf, tennis, boxing, rugby league, rugby union, cricket, field hockey, snooker, billiards, squash, curling and badminton, all of which are popular in Britain. Even the table tennis and baseball, the Chinese and American national sports, originated from Britain. Now British sports not only affect the social context at home, but also have a great impact outside home. We even can regard the sports as a reflection of British culture. Let’s know about Britain from its sports culture. 1. Various important sports originating in the UK 1.1 Association football. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a very important sport originated in his traditional home—England in the 19th century. The laws of the game were originally codified in England by the Football