第三单元
lean
vi. 1. be against a wall or other surface 倚，靠
There is a ladder leaning against the wall.
有一架梯子靠在墙上。
The old man leaning upon his stick at the gate is John's grandfather.
那位在大门边倚着拐杖的老人是约翰的祖父。
2. bend in a certain direction 倾斜，倾向，偏向
Don't lean out of the window when the bus is moving.
公共汽车开出时，别把身子探出窗外。
Just lean forward for a moment, please.
请向前靠一会儿。
考点：1. lean against/on sth. 倚着.../靠着...
2. lean sth. against/on sth. 将...靠在...上
Eg. Can I lean the bike against the wall?
3. lean on 依赖（...的帮助或支持）
Eg. Although she has graduated, she still leans on her parents. balance
n. 1. [U] mental or emotional calm 平静，镇静
She soon recovered her balance after she lost her temper.
她发脾气后不久就恢复了平静。
2. [U] a state in which all weights and forces are evenly spread so as not
to fall 平衡，均衡
Horse riders need a good sense of balance.
骑马的人需要有良好的平衡感。
It's difficult to keep one's balance on an icy street.
在结冰的街道上保持平衡是不容易的。
v. (cause to) be even and keep in balance （使）平衡，（使）均衡When you ride a bicycle you must learn to balance.
骑自行车必须学会保持平衡。
vt. consider in relation to sth. else; compare 权衡，比较
Y ou have to balance the positive points of living in a big city against the negative ones.
你必须权衡居住在大城市的利弊。
They balanced the profit and loss to see what had been gained.
他们比较盈亏情况，看看赚了多少。
反义：unbalance，扩展：counterbalance 平衡力，抗衡力
搭配：1.keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡；
2. balance the pros and cons 权衡利弊
3. in the balance 悬而未决，紧要关头，
4. on balance 总而言之；包括一切的
severe
a. 1. very bad or serious 恶劣的，严重的；剧烈的
She is suffering from severe mental disorder.
她患有严重的精神病。
The dry season is becoming more and more severe.
旱灾日益严重。
2. strict or hard in thinking or treatment 严格的，严肃的，严厉的Drug dealers face a severe punishment.
贩毒者会受到严厉的惩罚。
The president came under severe criticism for the new tax policy.
新的税收政策使总统受到严厉抨击。
考点：be severe on/with sb./sth. 对...(处罚)严厉的，重的
同族：severely ad. 严厉地，严重地
Eg. My mother was suffering severely from a cold.
我母亲正患重感冒。
同义：serious a. 严肃的，严重的strict a. 严格的harsh a. 严厉的严酷的intense a. 强烈的，剧烈的
cripple
vt. make sb. unable to walk or move properly 使跛，使残废
He was crippled in an accident.
他在一次事故中变成了残废。
He has been crippled with pain.
他感觉很疼，走路一瘸一拐。
n. [C] sb. who is physically disabled, esp. unable to walk 跛子，瘸子Though he is a cripple, he supports his family by working hard.
虽然腿脚不便, 他还是努力干活养家。
He that lives with cripples learns to limp.
近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
inward
a. 1. located within; inside, esp. in the mind or spirit 在内的，内部的（尤指头脑中、精神上）
inward doubts/ thoughts
内心的怀疑/想法
He helped others to achieve inward peace.
他帮助别人以获得自己内心的平静。
2. going towar d the inside 向内的
an inward curve
向内的弧线
an inward movement
向内移动
inwardly
ad. in mind or spirit 内心（或精神）方面
She was inwardly sad but she would not say anything about it.
她内心痛苦，却不会在言辞中表现出来。
She hates him inwardly.
她从心底恨他。
bother
vt. make sb. feel worried or upset 使苦恼，打搅，烦扰
What bothers me most is my inability to keep up with others.
最令我烦心的是我跟不上其他人。
His rudeness bothers me.
我讨厌他的粗鲁。
I can’t bother him with my little affairs.
我不能因为自己那点小事去打扰他。
vi. make an effort to do sth. 尽力，费心
Few people ever bothered to talk to him.
很少有人费心和他讲话。
I never bother to iron my shirts, so they're often a bit wrinkled.
我从不愿意花精力去熨衬衣，所以它们常常有点皱。
考点：1. bother sb. (about/with sth.) 打扰或烦扰某人，给某人添麻烦
2. be bothered (about sb./sth.) 认为（某人或某事）重要；关心
Eg. He is not bothered about what other people think.
他不在乎别人怎么想。
let on
tell sb. sth., esp. sth. that has been kept secret 泄露，透露
She never let on she was married.
她从不透露她已经结婚。
He knew where his brother was going, but he didn't let on.
他知道他哥哥去哪里了，但是他不露声色。
coordinate
vt. cause different parts, body parts, etc. to work together very well 使协调
The plan was not very well coordinated.
那项计划协调得不好。
We must coordinate our efforts to help people who have been affected by the flood.
我们必须齐心协力去帮助遭受水灾的灾民。
同族：coordination n. 协调coordinator n. 协调人
halt
v. stop 暂停，中断，中止
The project halted for lack of fund.
那个项目因缺乏资金而停了下来。
No one can halt the advance of history.
谁也阻挡不了历史的前进。
n. [sing.] a stop or pause 暂停，中断，中止
The car came to a halt in time to prevent an accident.
汽车及时刹住，避免了一场事故。
Production was brought to a halt by a strike.
由于罢工，生产停顿了。
考点：bring sth. to a halt 使...停下来
come to a halt 停止，中断
call a halt to sth. 叫停...、使停止，结束
Eg. They were asked to call a halt to the project.
他们被要求停止这个工程。
impatient
a. 1. easily annoyed; not patient 不耐烦的，没有耐心的
Don't be so impatient! The bus will be here soon.
别这样不耐烦！公共汽车很快就来。
Y ou're too impatient with her. She's only a child.
你对她太没耐心了，她还只是个孩子。
2. very eager to do sth. or for sth. to happen; anxious 急切的，渴望的They were already impatient to try.
他们已经迫不及待，跃跃欲试了。
Many business students are impatient to become managers.
许多商科学生急切地想成为经理。
考点：1. be impatient with sb./of sth. 不耐心
2. be impatient to do sth./ for sth. 热切期待做某事
Eg.孩子们迫切期待暑假的到来。
The children were impatient for the summer holidays to come. start out
begin going somewhere 出发,启程
Bill started out for school on his bicycle.
比尔骑上自行车赶去学校。
Before starting out you should check that your seat and mirrors are properly adjusted.
出发前，你应该检查一下座位和后视镜是否已经调整好。pace
n. 1. [sing.] speed of walking or running 步速；走（跑）的速度
They quickened their pace as they approached their cars.
他们接近汽车时加快了步伐。
She slowed down her pace so I could keep up with her.
她放慢了速度，以便我能跟上她。
2. [sing.] the speed at which sth. happens 速度，速率；节奏
The pace of change in the computer industry is very fast.
计算机工业发展变化速度很快。
I like the pace of life in the city.
我喜欢这个城市的生活节奏。
vi. walk with slow, regular, even steps 踱步，慢步走
The policeman paced up and down the street.
警察在街上踱来踱去。
Sarah paced back and forth in the hallway, waiting for the doctor to come back.
莎拉沿着走廊走来走去，等医生回来。
考点：1. keep pace with sb./sth. 与...并驾齐驱，齐头并进
Eg. 他发现在这门学科上很难赶上她。
He found it hard to keep pace with her in this subject.
2. set the pace 领先于
Eg.这个公司再也不能在国内独领风骚了。
This company is no longer setting the pace in its home market. adjust
v. (to) become or make suited (to new conditions) （使）适应
The former soldiers had difficulty in adjusting to ordinary life.
退役军人难以适应普通人的生活。
考点：1. adjust oneself to sth. 使适应（新情况等）
Eg. 她必须学会适应大学生活。
She must learn to adjust herself to college life.
2. adjust to doing sth. 适应，习惯
Eg. 离婚以后，过了好几个月她才适应了单身生活。
It took her several months to adjust to living alone after divorce.同族：adjustable a. 可调节的，可调整的adjustment n. 调节，调整subway
n. 1. [C] (AmE) a railway under the ground in a city 地铁
He travels to work by subway every day.
他每天乘地铁上班。
I don't ride the subway late at night.
夜间太晚时我不乘地铁。
2. [C] (BrE) a path for walking under a road or railway 地下通道，人
行隧道
The subway to the other side of the road was under repair.
过街地下通道正在维修。
People are advised to walk through a subway to cross a street .
人们过马路时应走地下通道。
despite
prep. in spite of 尽管，不管
They had a wonderful holiday despite the bad weather.
尽管天气不好, 他们的假日仍然过得很愉快。
Despite the fact that she wants to see him, she turned down his invitation.
尽管想看到他，她还是拒绝了他的邀请。
nasty
a. 1. unpleasant; horrible; disgusting 令人不快的，令人厌恶的
She could never forget that nasty sight.
她永远也忘不了那令人作呕的情景。
I'm so glad you didn't get that nasty flu.
你没染上那讨厌的感冒，我很高兴。
2. unkind 不友善的，恶意的
What a nasty man!
真是个不怀好意的人！
Don't be nasty to your little brother.
不要对你的小弟弟太刻薄。
make it
1. manage to arrive somewhere on time 及时赶到
I think we'll just make it if we hurry up!
如果抓点紧，我想我们能及时到达。
Try your best to make it to the airport.
你们一定要及时赶到机场。
2. be successful at sth. 办到，做到，成功
He came to the US and not only made it but made it big.
他到了美国之后不仅成功了，而且大获成功。
I knew that he would make it when I first saw him.
第一次看到他，我就知道他能办到的。
even if
although 即使，虽然
Even if I fail this time, I would try again.
即使这次失败了，我还要再尝试。
Even if she's poor, at least she is honest.
虽说她穷，至少她是诚实的。
wagon
n. 1. [C] a kind of cart for children 儿童手推车
The imported wagon cost twenty-five dollars at the shopping mall. 进口儿童手推车在大卖场售价25美元。
The paperboy used a wagon to help him make his deliveries.
报童用手推车帮他发送货物。
2. [C] a four-wheeled box for carrying heavy loads, pulled by horses or oxen 四轮运货马（牛）车
The wagon was once the major means of travel for people in some countries.
在有些国家，四轮马车曾是主要的交通工具。
The first white settlers traveled across America in wagons.
第一批白人定居者横跨美洲大陆时乘的是四轮马车。
cling
vi. (clung, clung)
1. (to) hold sb. or sth. tightly 抱住，抓紧
The passengers were clinging to a lifeboat and waiting for a rescue.
乘客们紧紧抓住救生筏，等待救援。
They clung to each other as they said goodbye.
他们告别时紧紧相拥。
2. (to) continue to believe or do sth. 坚持，忠于
He clung to his own idea.
他坚持自己的观点。
She clung to the hope that he was still alive.
她仍坚持希望他还活着。
考点：cling to sb./sth. 抓紧；拒绝放弃；依恋；附着于
辨析：cling/insist/persist/persevere/adhere 坚持
cling 和to连用，指对信仰、意见、习惯等的坚持。Eg. I am not a man who clings to old ideas.
Insist通常和介词on连用，也可以接that从句，表示对意见、主张等的坚持。Eg. He insisted that we should accept these gifts.
Persist 用于褒义，指坚持继续做某事；也可用于贬义，指不听劝告，顽固坚持，常和in连用。Eg. If you persist in breaking the law you will go to prison.
Persevere含褒义，强调坚持不懈的努力。Eg. In spite of all obstacles and failures, the scientist persevered with his experiments.
Adhere常与to连用，指坚持意见、计划或承诺等，含坚持不懈的意思。Eg. We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.
Rail
n. [C] a bar that is fixed along or around sth. 栏杆，护栏
They built wooden rails in front of a garden.
他们在花园前装了木制围栏。
Hold the rail for safety while coming down the steps.
下台阶时，抓住栏杆以确保安全。
handrail
n. [C] a long bar that is fixed to the side of stairs for people to hold while walking up and down （楼梯等的）扶手，栏杆
The old man walked up the stairs with the help of the handrail.
老人扶着栏杆上楼。
The boy slid down the handrail.
那个男孩顺着楼梯扶手滑了下来。
tunnel
n. [C] a passage under the ground dug for cars, trains, etc. to go through 隧道
The railway tunnel runs one kilometer.
这个铁路隧道长一公里。
The prisoners dug a tunnel under their prison and tried to escape.
犯人们在牢房底下挖了一条地道试图逃跑。
amaze
vt. surprise sb. greatly 使惊异；使惊讶
He amazed everyone by passing his driving test.
他通过了驾照考试，让大家非常惊讶。
We were amazed at the change in how he looked.
我们对他外表的改变感到惊讶。
subject
vt. (to) cause to experience sth. unpleasant 使遭受（痛苦等），使蒙受I don't want to subject you to any inconvenience.
我不想给你带来任何不便。
This country was once subjected to foreign rule.
这个国家曾一度受外国统治。
stress
n. 1. [C, U] continuous feelings of worry 持续的压力，忧虑，紧张
He suffered from great stress.
他受到很大压力。
2. [U] special attention or importance 强调，重视
He feels that there is not enough stress on drawing at the school.
他认为学校对绘画重视不够。
vt. give particular importance to 强调，重视
He stressed the need of careful planning.
他强调要精心计划。
考点：1. put/lay stress on sth. 强调某事
Eg. She lays great stress on punctuality.
2. under stress 承受压力
Eg. Jane has been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness. complaint
n. [C, U] a written or spoken statement in which sb. complains about sth. 投诉；意见
The road works caused much complaint among local neighbors.
修路工程使当地居民叫苦连天。
We've received many complaints about goods quality.
我们收到了不少关于有关产品质量的投诉。
envy
n. 1. [U] the feeling of wanting sth. that sb. else has 妒忌；羡慕
He couldn't hide his envy at my success.
他无法掩饰对我成功的妒忌。
His new car excited their envy.
他的新车令他们很羡慕。
2. [U] object of envy 妒忌的对象，羡慕的目标
My new office was the envy of the entire staff. (令...忌妒或羡慕的事物)全体职工都很羡慕我的新办公室。
The happiness that we now enjoy is the envy of all who know us.
所有认识我们的人都羡慕我们的幸福生活。
vt. have the unhappy feeling of wanting sth. that sb. else has 羡慕；妒忌I have always envied your good luck.
我一直羡慕你运气好。
He envied his brother for his success. （忌妒某人的...）
他很妒忌他弟弟取得的成就。
owner
n. [C] a person to whom sth. belongs 物主，所有人
She was the owner of the bar.
她是这家酒吧的老板。
Who's the owner of this house?
这房子的主人是谁？
even though
in spite of the fact that; even if 虽说，即使
Even though it's hard work, I enjoy it.
虽然工作辛苦，我却很喜欢这工作。
Even though he is hardworking, there is never enough money to pay the bills.
尽管工作努力，他总是入不敷出。
precise
a. exact, clear and correct 精确的；准确的
What is the precise meaning of this word?
这个词的确切含义是什么？
The number of the people who can attend the meeting must be precise. 能参会的人数必须精确。
考点：to be precise 准确的说
precisely
ad. exactly; just 准确地，精确地
I can't remember precisely what happened.
我记不清确切发生了什么事。
The two reports are precisely the same.
两个报告一模一样。
engage
vi. (in) take part in or be involved in sth. 参与，参加
I have no time to engage in regular exercises. （从事....、参加....）我没有时间经常参加锻炼。
He is engaged in business.
他是经商的。
vt. 1. employ sb. to do a particular job 雇用，聘用
She was engaged as a teacher.
她被聘作教师。
He's been engaged to paint the house.
他被雇来粉刷这幢房子。
2. attract sb.'s attention and keep them interested 使全神贯注；引起注意
Nothing engages his attention for long.
什么也不能长时间地吸引住他的注意力。
Online games engaged his interest.
网络游戏引起了他的兴趣。
扩展：engaged a. 忙着的；占线的；订婚的
engaging a. 吸引某人注意，迷人的
engagement n.约会，订婚
be engaged to sb. 和...某人订婚
local
a. belonging to a particular place or district 地方的，当地的，本地的She is a local girl and has lived here her entire life.
她是个本地姑娘，至今一直住在这里。
Following the national news we have the local news and weather. 国内新闻之后，我们播报本地新闻和天气预报。
n. [C] sb. who lives in the place talked about 当地人
The new theatre attracts crowds of tourists and locals alike.
新落成的剧院吸引了大批的游客和当地人来参观。
I asked one of the locals which way to go to the railway station. 我问一个当地人去火车站该怎么走。knowledgeable
a. knowing a lot 知识渊博的
He's very knowledgeable about paintings.
他很懂油画。
My sister is a knowledgeable professor.
我姐姐是个知识渊博的人。
occasion
n. 1. [C] a time at which sth. happens （事件发生的）时刻，时机There are occasions that you must not refuse.
有些时候你绝对不能拒绝。
I've met him on several occasions.
我曾经见过他几次。
2. [sing.] a suitable or right time （适当的）时机，机会
This is not an occasion for fun and games.
这可不是寻开心的时候。
考点：1. on occasion 有时，偶尔
Eg. She has been known on occasion to lose her temper.
2. by occasion of 由于
Eg. The meeting has to be postponed by occasion of the illness of the chairman.
break out
begin to happen 突然发生，爆发
A fire broke out in the basement of the building.
大楼的地下室发生了火灾。
Fierce fighting broke out between the rival groups.
敌对组织之间爆发了激烈的争斗。
punch
vt. 1. hit har d with the fist 用拳猛击
He punched the young man in/on the face.
他用拳猛击那个年轻人的脸。
The goalkeeper punched away another shot.
足球守门员用拳挡开了又一次射门。
2. make a hole in sth. using a metal tool 打孔
The ticket collector punched my ticket.
检票员在我的票上打了个孔。
The bullet can punch a hole through a steel plate.
U4 A Heroes among us 我们身边的英雄 Who's a hero these days?In an era of heightened heroism, the word hero has become more common.We use hero to describe both victims and survivors of all kinds of difficulties and tragedies.Who are the heroes among us? 谁是当今的英雄？在一个英雄主义发扬光大的时代，“英雄”一词已经变得更加常见。我们把各种困难和悲剧的受害者和幸存者都称为“英雄”。那么，我们身边哪些人是英雄呢？In the days subsequent to a mass shooting in Tucson, Arizona, many described20-year-old political associate Daniel Hernandez as a hero.During the horrible shooting, he courageously ran through the danger to save the life of one of the victims,his boss and friend,congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords. Daniel held her head up so she could breathe and applied pressure to her wounds.He spoke tender words of sympathy, telling her that he would find her
UNIT1 reward vt. 报答，酬谢，奖励 n. 1.报答，奖赏2.报酬，酬金 rewarding a.值得做的,有益的 frustrate vt. 1.使沮丧，使灰心2.使挫败，使受挫折 junior n. 1.年少者2.地位较低者，晚辈positive a. 1.积极的，肯定的 2.确实的，明确的 senior n. 较年长者 former a. 在前的，以前的，旧时的 n. 前者 unlike prep. 不像；和... ...不同 ▲intimidate vt. 恐吓，威胁 opportunity n. 机会，时机 online a. & ad. 连线的, 联网的; 连线地, 联网地 communication n. 交流，交际；通信medium n. 媒质，媒介物，传导体 a. 中等的，适中的 modem n. 调制解调器 access n. 1.享用权2.通道，入口participate vi. 参与，参加 virtual a. 1.虚构的，虚拟的 2.实质上的，事实上的，实际上的 commitment n. 1.投入，致力，献身2.承诺，许诺，保证 discipline n. 1.纪律; 自制能力2.惩罚，处分3.学科 minimum a. 最低的，最小的 n. 最低限度，最少量 assignment n. 1.（分派的）任务，（指定的）作业2.分配，指派 embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬，使不好意思 post vt. 发帖子,张贴 embarrassing a.使人尴尬的,令人难堪的frustration n.沮丧,不安,灰心 continual a. 1.不间断的，不停的2.多次重复的，频频的 continually ad. 1. 不间断地，不停地2. 多次重复地，频频地 finally ad. 最后，终于 reap vt. 1.获得，得到2.收割，收获 benefit n. 益处，好处 vt. 有益于 insight n. 洞察力，洞悉，深刻的见解 communicate vi. 交流，交际 vt. 传达，传播 favorite (英favourite) a. 特别受宠的 n. 特别喜爱的人（或物） gap n. 差距,分歧 Phrases and Expressions at times 有时,偶尔 be well worth + sth./ doing sth. 值得... ...的not only ...but also ... 不仅... ...而且... ... far from 一点都不 a couple of 两个,一些,几个 get/have/obtain access to 可以使用；有权享用 keep up with 跟上，不落后 feel like sth./doing sth. 想做，想要 give up 停止，放弃 reap the benefit(s) 获得益处，得到好处 come across 偶然遇上 give sb. Insight(s) into 深刻理解 trade for 用... ... 换 participate in 参加 now that 既然, 由于 instead of 而不是,代替 reach out to 接触, 联系 UNIT2 concern n..1.担心,忧虑 2.关心的事,担心的事 Vt. 1.使担心,使忧虑2.涉及,与…有关click vi. 发出"嘟"、"咔嗒"等轻微响声n. 咔嗒声 blast v. 1.发出猛烈响声2.爆破 n.爆炸 forth ad. 出来; 向前 burst vi.冲,闯 horrible a. 1.可怕的,令人恐惧的；2.糟糕的,令人不悦的 stuff n. 东西；材料 rhythm n. 节奏; 韵律 grab vt.抓住,夺得
01. 她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn't take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner. 02. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth. 03. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？ How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 04. 他们利润增长，部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy. 05. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 06. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. 07. 尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents. 08. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释。 Mike didn't come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation. 09. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但决不是什么大作家。 The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer. 10. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses. 11. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题。 The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence. 12. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。 This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience. 13. 你再怎么有经验，也得学习新技术。 You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 14. 还存在一个问题，那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。(Use an appositional structure.) There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there. 15. 由于文化的不同，他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。 Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences. 16. 虽然他历经沉浮，但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。 Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday. 17. 我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。 I have some reservations about the truth of your claim. 18. 她长得并不特别高，但是她身材瘦，给人一种个子高的错觉。 She isn't particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height. 19. 有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？(Use "it" as the formal subject.) It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar. 20. 不管黑猫白猫，能抓住老鼠就是好猫。(as long as) It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice. 21. 你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱还给我。 You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning. 22. 请允许我参加这个项目，我对这个项目非常感兴趣。 Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it. 23. 人人都知道他比较特殊：他来去随意。(be free to do sth.) Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases. 24. 看她脸上不悦的神色，我似乎觉得她有什么话想跟我说。 Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wished to say something to me. 25. 他说话很自信，给我留下了很深的印象。(Use "which" to refer back to an idea or situation.)
Unit8 1.formal formalness formally adj.（学校教育或培训）正规的；方式上的；礼仪上的 n.<美>须穿礼服的社交集会；<口>夜礼服 We were invited to a formal lunch. 我们被邀参加一次正式的午宴。 2.poll poller polled polled polling polls n.1.民意调查，民意测验[C]2.选举投票，计票[C]3.得票数 v.1.获得票数[I,T]2.投票，作民意调查 Opinion poll show that the public preferred butter to margarine. 民意调查表明，公众更喜欢黄油而不是人造奶油。 2.resident n.1.居民，定居者，侨民[C] The resident s of the town are proud of its new library. 该镇的居民都为镇上新建的图书馆感到自豪。 I'm not a resident here. 我不是本地居民。 2.住院医生[C] 3.留鸟，无迁徙习性的动物[C] adj.1.居住的，定居的，常驻的 2.住校的，住院的，住在住所的 3.（鸟类等）无迁徙习 性的 4.固有的，内在的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/3312767055.html,pute 词形变化:computed computed computing computes v.1.（用计算机或计算器）计算，估算；推断[I,T] His failure to compute correctly resulted in an explosion. 他的计算失误导致了爆炸。 We can compute the circular area with radius 我们能用半径计算出圆的面积。 n.1.计算；估算；推断 4. consumeristic a. 消费主义的 Consume v.1.吃；喝；饮[T] On Superbowl Sunday, Americans hold parties to watch television and consume beer, pizza, and na-chos. 举行超级杯赛的星期天，美国人会聚在一起观看比赛，喝啤酒，吃比萨饼和纳克斯。 How we consume it has changed greatly over the centuries. 不过人们用什么方法喝咖啡，几个世纪以来已经有很大改变。 2.烧毁；毁灭[T] 3.［常用被动语态］使全神贯注，使着迷；使充满（强烈的感情] 4.消耗，花费；耗尽[T] 5.挥霍，浪费[T] 6.购买；消费[T] 7.耗尽生命；被毁 8.利用商品[ 5.popular 词形变化:popularity popularly popularize adj.1.流行的，受大众欢迎的，受喜爱的，受欢迎的，当红的 Drinking tea at 4 pm is a popular british institution. 下午4点钟吃茶点是英国人很流行的习惯。
新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 1 (2) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 2 (4) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 3 (6) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 4 (9) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 5 (11) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 6 (14) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 7 (16) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 8 (18) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 9 (21) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 10 (23)
第二册 新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 1 Unit 1 Section A I Comprehension of The Text 1. The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead he is falling behind. 2. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. (People budget it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; they also charge for it.) They do this because time is a precious resource. 3. Everyone is in a rush — often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. 4. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain appropriate point. 5. New arrivals in America will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats. 6. Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices. They communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts. 7. The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. 8. It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S. Vocabulary III 1. charge 2. convention 3. efficient 4. obtain 5. competent 6. assessing 7. fulfill 8. conducting consequently 10. significance IV． 1．behind 2. at 3. in 4. out 5. to 6.to 7. in 8. with 9. but 10.for V. 1. L 2. C 3. D 4. N 5. O 6.A 7.E 8.G 9.I 10.K Word Building VI 1. commitment 2. attraction 3. appointment 4. impression 5. civilization 6. composition 7. confusion 8. congratulation 9. consideration 10. explanation 11. acquisition 12. depression VII. desirable favorable considerable acceptable drinkable advisable remarkable preferable 1. advisable 2. desirable 3. favorable 4. considerable 5. remarkable 6. preferable 7. drinkable 8. acceptable
新视野大学2 单词表35、superba.极好的 36、whereasconj.但是，然而 Unit 1 37、postala.邮政的，邮集的 38、efficienta.效率高的 Section A 39、impolitea.无理的，失礼的 40、elapsevi.过去，逝去 1、budgetv.做出安排vi.制定预算n.预41、skillfula.熟练的，有技巧的 42、skillfulnessn.熟练，技巧 算43、competenta.能干的，胜任的 2、chargev向.···收费，要价44、fulfillvi. 履行，执行，完成，实现 3、acutea.敏锐的，敏感的，严重的45、capitaln.资本，资金 4、hourglass n.沙漏 5、restlessa.烦躁的，不安静的 Section B 6、restlesslyad.烦躁地，不安静地46、spiten.虽然，尽管 7、elbowvt.用肘撞人n.肘47、clashvi.不一致，冲突n.冲突，争论， 8、abrupta.粗鲁的，无理的，突然的， 不一致 意外的48、traditionn. 传统 9、openinga.开始的n.开业典礼49、adjustmentn.调整 10、rituala.例行的，惯常的n.惯例50、honeymoonn.蜜月，短暂的和谐日 11、interactionn.交流，相互影响 子 12、conventionn.习俗，惯例，会议，大51、marvelousa.非常好的，绝对的 会52、amusementn.愉快，快乐，娱乐，13、leisuren.空闲，闲暇，悠闲，安逸 消遣活动 14、leisurelya.从容的，不匆忙的53、hostilityn.敌意，敌对 15、assessvt评.价，评估54、moreoverad.此外，而且 16、surroundingsn.周围的环境，环境55、anymoread.再不 17、probev.调查，探究n.探针56、distressvt.使痛苦，使苦恼n.痛苦， 18、sociala.社会的，社交的 苦恼 19、sociallyad.与社会相关的地57、devisevt.设计，发明 20、tickvi.滴答响n.滴答声58、mechanismn.行为方式，机制 21、consequentlyad.因此，所以59、copevi.应付，处理 22、devicen.手段，方法，器械，装置60、repressionn.压抑，抑制，镇压 23、faxn.传真，传真机61、acceptablea.可接受的，合意的 24、emailn.电子邮件62、regressionn.回归，倒退 25、givenprep.如果考虑到63、irresponsiblea.不负责任的 26、gatheringn.集会，聚会64、isolation n.孤立，隔离 27、impersonalityn.不涉及个人感情，65、rejectvt.拒绝，抛弃，丢弃 无人情味66、rejectionn.拒绝，不接受 28、electronica.电子的，电子设备的67、utilizevt.使用 29、significancen.重要性，重要意义68、dealvi.处理，应对，对付 30、conductvt.实施，进行n.行为，举69、hostile a.敌对的，怀有敌意的，敌 止方的 31、increasinglyad.日益，愈加70、recognitionn.承认，认可 32、conferencen.会议71、temporarya.暂时的 33、teleconferencen.远程会议72、recoveryn.恢复，痊愈 34、obtainvt.获得，得到73、favorable a.赞成的，有利的
新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册读写教程课后答案 新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册读写教程课后答案Unit 1 Language in mission Text A An impressive English lesson Ex.1 Understanding the text 1、Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules. 2、The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!” without any any specific comment. 3、Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language. 4、Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with. 5、He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs. 6、Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before. 7、The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here,“road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary. 8、Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection“whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, tho ugh in two different situations and with two different feelings. Ex.3 Words in use 1.condense 2.exceed 3.deficit 4.exposure 5.asset 6.adequate https://www.doczj.com/doc/3312767055.html,petent 8.adjusting 9.precisely 10.beneficial Ex.4 Word building -al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin -cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient -y : recovery/ministry/assembly Ex.5 Word building 1.editorial 2.recovery 3.accuracy 4.substance 5.managerial 6.margin 7.assembly 8.Ministry 9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency 12.efficient Ex.6 Banked cloze 1-5: L C J A I 6-10: O N E H F Ex.7 Expressions in use 1.feel obliged to 2.be serious about 3.run into 4.distinguish between 5.thrust upon 6.was allergic to 7.get lost 8.be attracted to 9.make sense 10.looked upon as Ex.8 Structured writing Some bookworms in my dormitory often spend hours reading their “Bible”, Practical English Grammar, and do a lot of exercises in that book , but I don’t care about it at all. My assumption is since I have never learned Chinese grammar, what’s the sense of l earning English grammar? In fact, English grammar has always been a big headache to me. English grammar is very complicated because, unlike Chinese, there are many verb tenses. Even
新视野大学英语1单词表 Unit1 Section A 1、reward vt.奖赏，回报n.奖赏，回报 2、rewarding a.值得做的，有益的，有意义的 3、frustrate vt.使沮丧，使灰心 4、junior a.初级的，较低的n.较低者，晚辈 5、positive a.积极的，明确的 6、senior a.较高的n.年长者，较高者，长辈 7、former a.在前的，以前的，旧时的n.前者 8、unlike prep.不像，和······不同 9、intimidate vt.威胁，恐吓 10、opportunity n.机会 11、online a.联网的，在线的ad.联网地，在线地 12、communication n.交流，交际，通讯 13、medium n.媒体，媒介 a.中等的 14、modem n.调制调解器 15、access n.享用权，通道，入口 16、participate vi.参加，参与 17、virtual a.虚拟的，实质上的 18、commitment n.献身，投入，致力，承诺，保证 19、disipline n.纪律，学科 20、minimum a.最低的，最小的n.最少量，最低限度 21、assignment n.任务，作业 22、embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪 23、embarrassing a.令人尴尬的，令人难堪的 24、frustration n.沮丧，不安，灰心 25、post vt.张贴，发帖子 26、continual a.不间断的，不停的，重复的，频繁的 27、continually ad.不间断地，不停地，重复地，频繁地 28、reap vt.收获，收割，获得，得到 29、benefit n.利益v.有利于 30、insight n.深刻的见解 31、communicate vt.传达，传播vi.交流，交际 32、favorite a.最喜欢的n.最喜欢的人或物 33、gap n.差距，分歧 Section B 34、community n.团体，社区
新视野大学英语2课文翻译（Unit1-Unit7） Unit 1 Section A 时间观念强的美国人 Para. 1 美国人认为没有人能停止不前。如果你不求进取，你就会落伍。这种态度造就了一个投身于研究、实验和探索的民族。时间是美国人注意节约的两个要素之一，另一个是劳力。 Para. 2 人们一直说：“只有时间才能支配我们。”人们似乎是把时间当作一个差不多是实实在在的东西来对待的。我们安排时间、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩减时间、对时间的利用作出解释；我们还要因付出时间而收取费用。时间是一种宝贵的资源，许多人都深感人生的短暂。时光一去不复返。我们应当让每一分钟都过得有意义。 Para. 3 外国人对美国的第一印象很可能是：每个人都匆匆忙忙——常常处于压力之下。城里人看上去总是在匆匆地赶往他们要去的地方，在商店里他们焦躁不安地指望店员能马上来为他们服务，或者为了赶快买完东西，用肘来推搡他人。白天吃饭时人们也都匆匆忙忙，这部分地反映出这个国家的生活节奏。工作时间被认为是宝贵的。Para. 3b 在公共用餐场所，人们都等着别人吃完后用餐，以便按时赶回去工作。你还会发现司机开车很鲁莽，人们推搡着在你身边过去。你会怀念微笑、简短的交谈以及与陌生人的随意闲聊。不要觉得这是针对你个人的，这是因为人们非常珍惜时间，而且也不喜欢他人“浪费”时间到不恰当的地步。 Para. 4 许多刚到美国的人会怀念诸如商务拜访等场合开始时的寒暄。他们也会怀念那种一边喝茶或咖啡一边进行的礼节性交流，这也许是他们自己国家的一种习俗。他们也许还会怀念在饭店或咖啡馆里谈生意时的那种轻松悠闲的交谈。一般说来，美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评价他们的客人的，更不用说会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭，或带他们去打高尔夫球。既然我们通常是通过工作而不是社交来评估和了解他人，我们就开门见山地谈正事。因此，时间老是在我们心中的耳朵里滴滴答答地响着。 Para. 5 因此，我们千方百计地节约时间。我们发明了一系列节省劳力的装置；我们通过发传真、打电话或发电子邮件与他人迅速地进行交流，而不是通过直接接触。虽然面对面接触令人愉快，但却要花更多的时间, 尤其是在马路上交通拥挤的时候。因此，我们把大多数个人拜访安排在下班以后的时间里或周末的社交聚会上。 Para. 6 就我们而言，电子交流的缺乏人情味与我们手头上事情的重要性之间很少有或完全没有关系。在有些国家, 如果没有目光接触，就做不成大生意，这需要面对面的交谈。在美国，最后协议通常也需要本人签字。然而现在人们越来越多地在电视屏幕上见面，开远程会议不仅能解决本国的问题，而且还能通过卫星解决国际问题。
新视野Book3 汉译英翻译 Unit 1 Translate the following paragraph into English 如今，很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正式让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose“stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people’s enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2 Translate the following paragraph into English 实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation)是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese. Unit 3 Translate the following paragraph into English 水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意向，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。 Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e. brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects.
新视野大学英语Book II课后练习题答案 Unit 1 Section A Language focus 3.Words in use 1.condense 2.exceed 3.deficit 4.exposure 5.asset 6.adequate https://www.doczj.com/doc/3312767055.html,petent 8.adjusting 9.precisely 10.beneficial 4.Word building Words learned new words formed -al/ial manager managerial editor editorial substantial substance survive survival traditional tradition marginal margin -cy Consistent consistency Accurate accuracy Efficiency efficient -y Recover recovery Minister ministry assemble assembly 5. 1.editorial 2.recovery 3.accuracy 4.substance 5.managerial 6.margin 7.assembly 8.Ministry 9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency 12.efficient 6.Banked cloze 1.L 2.C 3.J 4.A 5.I 6.O 7.N 8.E 9.H 10.F 7.Expressions in use 1.feel obliged to 2.be serious about 3.run into 4.distinguish between 5.thrust upon 6.was allergic to 7.get lost 8.be attracted to 9.make sense 10.looked upon as 9.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. 人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了很大的变化。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段，古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5世纪，当时三个日耳曼部落入侵英国，他们对于英语语言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世纪和现代社会初期，英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛。从17世纪初，它的影响力开始在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的重大变化。今天，由于美国电影，电视，音乐，贸易和技术，包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国英语的