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初中九年级英语Unit9教学设计

初中九年级英语Unit9教学设计
初中九年级英语Unit9教学设计

Unit 9 When was it invented?教学设计学习目标:

1.学会使用含有被动语态的不同句型结构“When/ Where was it invented?”和“What are they used for?--- They are used for doing sth..”来谈论各种发明物的历史。

2.学习理解被动语态的含义。能够就不同的发明物与他人交流看法,发表自己的见解,并陈述理由。

3.了解到更多在世界上有重大意义的发明,并向那些伟大的发明家学习。

一、日常用语

1. --- When was the car invented?

---It was invented in 1985.

2. ---When were electric slippers invented?

---They were invented last year.

3. ---Who were they invented by?

---They were invented by Julie Thompson.

4. ---What are they used for?

---They’re used for seeing in the dark.

二.重点短语

1.. be used for 被用来做…

eg.

What is the book used for? 书是用来做什么的?

The book is used for reading. 书是用来读的

The plane is used for traveling. 飞机是用来旅行的

2.be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事.

3. according to 根据,按照

4. in this way 这样

5. give sb. some time to do sths 给某人一些时间做某事.

eg.

The teacher gives the student two hours to do homework. 老师给同学们两个小时做作业。

6. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事

I’ll help you leave the island. 我将帮助你离开岛屿。

7. by accident 偶然的

by mistake 错误的

8. fall into 落入,陷入

9. in the end= at last=finally 最后

10. make sb. adj. 使某人…

make me happy 使我开心

11. sb. called\named …被叫作,被称作

a chef called Black. 一个叫布莱克的厨师

a doctor named Amy 一个叫艾米的医生

12. sprinkle a lot of salt on chips 在薯片上洒大量的盐

13. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

I decide to taste the hot tea 我决定品尝热茶。

14. not…until 直到…才

You can’t leave until I arrive. 直到我到了你才能走。

I can’t watch TV until I finish my home work. 直到我完成作业,我才能看电视。

15. be discovered in 年代

be discovered in 地方

eg.

The tea was discovered in China in 1610. 茶是在1610年在中国被发现的。

16. over three thousand years 三千年以上

17. produce a pleasant smell 产生一股令人愉快的气味

18. over an open fire. 在明火上

19. in sixth century 在第六世纪

in nineteenth century. 在十九世纪

三.知识点讲解

1.I think the telephone was invented before the car.我认为电话在汽车之前发明的.

(1) I think 后接的一个分句做I think 的宾语,这个分句称叫做宾语从句.

(2)was invented 是被动语态.

(3)invent 做动词,意为“发明,创造”,其名词有两种形式:一种为inventor “发明者”;一种为 invention “发明,创造”

例如:Edison was a great inventor, he invented more than 1,000 inventions in his life.

2.It’s used for scooping really cold ice cream.它是用来舀十分冰冷的冰淇淋的.

句型be used for 意为“被用来做……”,介词for表示用途,后接名词或动名词.如:

(1)sweater is used for keeping warm.毛衣是用来保暖的.

(2)The knife is used for cutting.小刀是用来切削东西的.

3.The custom said they weren’t salty enough.这个顾客说菜不够咸.

(1)said 后是宾语从句,省略了that.当宾语从句主句用一般过去时,从句也要用过去

的某种时态.如:

He asked me whom I was waiting for. 他问我在等谁.

(2)enough修饰形容词或副词时应后置.如:

The little child was not old enough to go to school.这个小孩太小了,不能去上学.

但enough 修饰名词时,可以放在名词之前,也可以放在名词之后.如:

I have enough money to buy it.( I have money enough to buy it.)

4.The potato chips were invented by mistake.由于错误,薯片被发明了.

Mistake 做名词,意为“弄错,误解”如:

You have made a foolish mistake.你犯了一个愚蠢的错误.

Mistake 作动词,意为“弄错,误解”如:

She didn’t speak very clearly so I mistook what she said.她讲的不清楚,所以我误解了她的话.

By mistake 意为“错误地,弄错地”.

I took his backpack by mistake. 我错拿了他的书包.

He put salt in her cup of tea by mistake.他错把盐放进她的茶里.

5.Although tea wasn’t brought to the western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that.虽然,茶直到1610年才传入西方世界,但是这种饮料在三千多年前就被发现了.

(1)although 作连词,意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,我们不能根据汉语习惯.在后面使用连词but,不过它可以与yet, still连用;若主从句的主语相同,且从句谓语含有动词be,可将从句主语和动词be省略.如:

Although (it was)snowing, it was not very cold.

虽然在下雪,但是天气不是很冷.

There is air arou nd us, although we can’t see it.

尽管我们看不见,但是我们周围全是空气.

Although (he is) quite young, he knows a lot.

虽然他很年轻,但是他很懂事.

(3)not…until 意为“直到……才”until 引导一个时间状语从句.如

He didn’t go to bed until his father came home.直到他爸爸回家时他才睡觉.

6.According to an ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nung discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open air.

根据中国古代的一个传说, 神农帝在户外的火上烧饮用水时发现了茶叶.

(1)According to 是个短语介词,意为“根据……;依照……”后接代词,名词或由疑

问词以及whether引出的名词性从句.如:

According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow.根据收音机说,明天有雨. According to what you said just now, he was right then.

根据你刚才说的,那么他就对了.

(2)介词over 在此意为“在……正上方”而介词above指“在……的上方”;介词

on指“在……的上面”

7.Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.

一些叶子从附近的灌木丛落到水里.并在水里浸泡了一段时间.

(1)leaf的复数形式为leaves

(2)remain 表示“继续留在某处”如

How long will you remain here? 你要在此地停留多久?

(3)fall into “落入,陷入”如:

He was drunk and fell into the water.他酒醉跌落水中.

三、语法知识

1. 被动语态

谓语动词的语态表示句子的主语和谓语动作之间的关系:

1)当句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者时,主、谓之间的关系称为主动语态;

2)当句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者时,主、谓之间的关系称为被动语态。

例如:

I teach English.(主动语态)我教英语。

Our English is taught by him.(被动语态)我们的英语是由他教的。

He speaks English.(主动语态)他说英文。

English is spoken in many countries all over the world.(被动语态)世界许多国家都讲英语。

在被动语态的句子中,谓语部分的结构是be + p.p.(过去分词)。被动语态的句子有时态的变化,这个变化反映在be动词上。也就是说,把一个句子做成被动语态的句子,只需要写出BE动词的所需时态,再加上所给动词的过去分词就行了。当然,这只是指谓语部分而言。我们知道,be动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词(being)和过去分词(been)。那么,下面我们来看看be在各种时态中的变化形式:一般现在时 am / is / are

一般过去时 was / were

一般将来时 shall / will + be

过去将来时 would / should + be

现在进行时 am / is / are + being

过去进行时 was / were + being

现在完成时 have / has + been

过去完成时 had + been

说明:

1)以上的八个时态可用于被动式,其它没有列举的时态都不宜用于被动语态的句子中。

2)另外,表中被斜线隔开的词表示,供根据具体情况作选择。弄清楚了be在各

种时态中的变化形式以后,我们就能很轻松地写出被动语态的各种时态了。

我们可看看下面的实例:

English is spoken in many countries all over the world .(一般现在时)

世界上许多国家都讲英文。

Some TV sets for sale in the department store were stolen last night.

(一般过去时)

那家商场用来出售的部分电视机昨晚被盗。

He won't be allowed, by his father, to marry Larra. (一般将来时)

他父亲不会让他娶拉拉为妻的。

They would be sent to the army when they finished the training. (过去将来时)

他们结束训练时将被派往部队。

The project is being carried out.(现在进行时)

这个计划正在执行中。

The case was being investigated then.(过去进行时)

那时这案子正在调查中。

This novel has been translated into several languages.

(现在完成时)这本小说已被译成了几种语言。

They said that production costs had been reduced.

(过去完成时)他们说生产成本已经下降了。

I. Teaching objectives 教学目标

II. Teaching materials analyzing and rearranging 教材分析和重组

1. 教材分析

本单元以Inventions为话题,共设计了四个部分的内容:

Section A

该部分有4个模块:第一模块围绕When and in what order were they invented? 这一话题展开讨论(1a)、听力(1b)、口语(1c)训练;第二模块围绕3个inventions 进行听力(2a-2b)、口语(2c)训练;第三模块继续围绕inventions这一话题展开训练,要求列出两类不同的发明(3a)并以pair work形式对此展开讨论和对话训练(3b);第四模块设置情景alone on a tiny island,以小组活动形式讨论在该情景下什么inventions重要及原因。这部分主要训练口语、学生处理问题的思维能力和想象力。

Section B

该部分有4个模块:第一模块是词汇的学习(1a)与运用(1b);第二模块围绕the history of chips继续进行听力(2a-2b)、口语(2c)训练;第三模块围绕Who invented tea?这一话题展开阅读理解(3a),并要求学生能够以“From pie plate to flying disk”为题目进行应用写作训练(3b);第四模块以inventions这一话题训练学生的创造力、解决问题的能力和想象力(4a),并且以小组讨论和角色扮演(4b)的形式展开口语训练。

Self check

该部分有2个模块:第一模块对所学词汇进行填空训练(1);第二模块要求就不同的inventions搜集信息并进行写作训练(2)。

Reading

该部分共设置了5项任务:第一项任务以问题讨论的方式激活学生相关背景知识(Section 1);第二项任务要求学生通过快速阅读获取信息(Section 2);第三项任务利用填图、回答问题等练习形式进一步加深学生对阅读内容的理解(Section 3);第四项任务要求学生对“play on China’s national basketball team one day”问题发表观点、进行口语训练(Section 4);

第五项任务要求学生对某一项发明进行调查研究。

2.教材重组和课时分配

Period 1 (Section B: 1a, 1b)

Vocabulary building

Period 2 (Section A: 1a, 1b, 1c) New function presenting

Period 3 (Section A: 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 4)

Practice

Period 4 (Section B: 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b) Integrating skills

Period 5 (Section B: 4a, 4b; Self check: 1, 2) Self check

Period 6 (Reading: Section 1—Section 4) Reading comprehension

III. Teaching plans for each period

分课时教案

Period 1 Vocabulary building

Language goals 语言目标

1. Words & expressions生词和短语

invent, scoop, adjustable, operate, mistake, thin, sprinkle, sweet, salty, crispy, sour, discover, annoying, special, ancient, legend, boil, fire, nearby, remain, notice, produce, pleasant, throw, thousand, century, taste, smell, create, divide, shoot

2. Key sentences重点句子 (P71)

Who invented them?

They were invented in 1863.

Ability goals能力目标

Enable the students to understand and use the new words of this unit.

Emotion & attitude goals 情感和态度目标

Enable the students to be aware of different inventions around them.

Strategy goals 策略目标

Enable the students to use what they know to explain new words.

Teaching important points教学重点

Understand and use the new words and phrases.

Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式

Step I Lead-in

T: Good morning / afternoon, boys and girls. This week we will begin a new unit about inventions. You can see inventions all around us, from TV to car, from food to clothing. We should say nobody can live without them. Don’t you think so? Can you imagine one day without inventions?

Ss: That’s impossible.

T: Yes, we live in a world of inventions. These inventions make our life easier and more comfortable. In this unit, we will learn some inventions and their history. First, let’s get to know some new words.

Step II Card Game

Ask the students to play a card game to help them remember the new vocabulary of this unit.

T: Close your books. Here are some cards. On each card there is a word with English spelling. When I hold up a card, you must tell me what it means in Chinese, how to read it and some words related to it. Are you clear?

Show the cards to the students one by one. Correct their mistakes in pronunciation and understanding.

Step III Practice the new vocabulary

Ask the students to explain in their own words the words in Section A in the workbook. T: Very good. Please turn to Section A of workbook, the first part. Discuss these words in groups and explain their meanings in your own words.

Sample answers:

S1: Invent: There was not such a thing in the world. Someone made it and then there is such a thing. So we can say someone invented it.

S2: Discover: There is a thing. But people don’t know it or few people know it. Someone find it and make it known to people. We can say someone discovers it. S3: Scoop: When it is a noun, it means a short-handled tool for taking up and moving something. When it is a verb, it means lifting something with a scoop.

S4: Mistake: If I say 2 and 2 is 1, you can say I make a mistake.

S5: Annoying: make one angry, unhappy or uncomfortable.

S6: Adjustable: that can be made more helpful or useful.

S7: Microwave: very short wave.

S8: Braces: something used to tighten.

Ask the students to circle the words in the table.

T: Very good. Now please find these words and circle them in the table. Volunteers? Show a hanging chart with the same table to the students. Ask them to come to the front and circle the words in the table in the hanging chart.

Check the answers and correct the mistakes if there are any.

Step IV Words about food taste(1a, 1b: P71)

Ask one student to come to the front to do a blind taste test.

Show a bag to the students.

T: Look, there are 4 kinds of food in it. I will let one of you come to the front and taste them. But I will use a piece of cloth to cover his or her eyes. After tasting, he or she has to tell how each food tastes and what food it is. Are you clear? Sophie, please.

Cover Sophie’s eyes and give her the food one by one. Sophie tastes each food and tries to guess what it is.

S: It is sweet. I think it is an apple.

They are salty and crispy. I think they are potato crisps.

It is sour. I think it is a tomato.

It is salty. But I don’t think I have eaten this food before. It is delicious. T: Do you enjoy the food? Now you can take off the cloth. The last one is Pizza, which is popular with westerners. You can take it with you and go back to your seat. Thank you.

Sophie goes back to her seat.

T: Hi, class. What are the four different tastes of the food Sophie had?

S: They are sweet, crispy, salty and sour.

T: Yes. They are words used to describe different tastes of food. Try to use them to describe the food in the picture of 1a, Section B.

Ask the students to read the pictures of 1a in Section B and describe how the food tastes.

T: Now, look at the four pictures. What are they?

Ss: They are potato chips, lemon, ice cream and tea.

T: You are right. Please use the words we’ve just learnt to describe how they taste. S1: Potato chips are crispy. Lemon is sour. Ice cream is sweet. Tea is sweet. T: How about you? Do you have a different idea?

S2: Potato chips are crispy and salty. Lemon is sour. Ice cream is sweet. Tea is sweet.

T: Good. I think S2’s answer is better. Now let’s repeat the description together. Ss: ...

Ask the students to write the name of a different food after each word in 1b of Section B.

T: Now, write the names of different foods after each taste as many as possible.

I think this is an easy job for you. Think of the food you eat everyday at home or in restaurants.

Collect the answers and put them down on the blackboard.

Sample answers:

sweet: apple, orange, banana, honey, orange juice, cakes and candies

crispy: salad, potato chips, lettuce and cucumber

salty: pizza, French fries, olives

sour: grapes, pickle and vinegar

Step V Do a quiz

Ask the students to finish the following exercises in 10 minutes.

T: Next we’ll do a quiz. Your task is to finish the exercises in 10 minutes. Anyone who does his best without looking at the textbooks will be invited to my home this Sunday for a pizza meal. When I say “begin”, you can begin. After you finish, hold up your hands and let me know. Are you ready? One, two, begin!

Fill in the blanks with the words you’ve learnt according to the Chinese.

1. Who _______ the telephone? ( 发明)

2. When was the car ________? (发明)

3. It ______ _______ _______ scooping really cold ice cream. (被用来……)

4. What do you think is the most _______ invention? (令人烦恼的)

5. The potato chips were invented _________ ______. (错误地)

6. The customer thought that the potatoes weren’t ______ enough. (薄)

7. The customer was happy __________ _______ ______. (最终)

8. The customer said they weren’t _____ enough. (咸)

9. The chef ________ lots of salt on the potato chips. (撒)

10. The tea was invented ______ ______. (偶然地)

11. This beverage was _______ (发现) over 3 _____(千) years ago.

12. ______ _______ (根据) this legend, people _______(煮) water to drink over an open fire.

13. He ______ ______ the river yesterday. (掉进)

14. She ______ beautiful after these years. (保持)

15. The emperor ______ (发现) that the leaves in the water _______ (发出) a pleasant smell.

16. Dr Naismith ______ (分) the men in his class into two teams.

17. Dr Naismith _______ (创造) a game to be played on a hard wooden floor.

18. Many young people _____ _____ (梦想) becoming famous basketball players.

19. Here is a ________ present for you. (特别的)

20. Can you _______ the computer? (操作)

Sample answers:

1. invented

2. invented

3. is used for

4. annoying

5. by mistake

6. thin

7. in the end

8. salty

9. sprinkled 10. by accident 11. discovered, thousand

12. According to, boiled 13. fell into 14. remains

15. discovered, produced 16. divided 17. created

18. dream of 19. special 20. operate

T: Lily, you are the one who finished the exercises fastest and correctly, so I will invite you to my house and I will cook some pizza for you.

Step VI Homework

Review new words and phrases learnt in this period. Finish the following exercises on homework paper.

Homework paper

1. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences.

(1) When ______ the car ______? (被发明)

(2) What ____ the heated ice cream scoop _____ ______? (被用来……)

It _____ ______ ______ scooping really cold ice cream. (被用来……)

(3) Basketball is ______ (喜欢) by all the people.

(4) A game was ________ (创造) to be played on a hard wooden floor.

(5) This beverage was _____ (发现) two thousand years ago.

(6) A pleasant smell was ______ (发出).

2. Change the sentences into the passive voice.

(1) I watered the flowers.

___________________________________.

(2) He turned on the light.

___________________________________.

(3) Who invented the air-conditioner?

___________________________________.

(4) Who invented the battery-operated slippers?

___________________________________.

一、学习目标:

掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和含有情态动词的被动语态的用法。

二、语法介绍:

英语中动词的语态分成两种:主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式叫主动语态;当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。

㈠含义:动词的被动语态一般译成“被…”,但是根据汉语表达习惯,有时“被”也可以不译出。

㈡构成:被动语态一般的构成形式为:be+动词过去分词(+by+动作的发出者)。其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。

一般现在时:am/is/are+done(过去分词)

一般过去时:was/were+done(过去分词)

含有情态动词的:情态动词+be+done(过去分词)

㈢方法:

1、将主动语态句中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语,主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中介词by的宾语。

2、将主动语态句中谓语动词变成:助动词be+该动词的过去分词,但时态不改变。

3、助动词be要与新的主语保持单、复数一致;若主语和宾语是人称代词时,“格”应作相应的变化。

口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done时不变,数格必须随着变。

The workers make machines in this factory.

Machines are made by the workers in this factory.

注意:不及物动词没有被动语态。

㈣例句:

1.Many people speak English in China.

English is spoken by many people in China.

2.Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.

3.We must look afer the old man.

The old man must be looked after (by us).

㈤特殊情况:

⑴(含有双宾语的句子变被动语态)

剖析:含双宾语的主动语态的句子变为被动语态时,常把那个指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语;也可把那个指物的直接宾语用作主语,但此时必须在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。如:

He gave me a book.

→I was given a book by him.

→A book was given to me by him.

口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾。若把直宾变,to,for间宾连。

⑵感官动词和使役动词在主动句中其后的动词不定式不带to,但变被动句时必须加上to。如:

The boss made her work for 16 hours a day.

→She was made to work for 16 hours a day.

口诀:感/使动词真叫怪,to来to去记心怀,主动语态to离去,被动语态to回来。

三、对应练习:

㈠选择填空

1. The children ____ by the nurse.

A. were looked

B. looked after

C. were looked after

D. looked

2.The lab ____ about five years ago.

A. was buildt

B. was built

C. builds

D. has been built

3.The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.

A. broke, is broken

B. is broken, was broken

C. was broken, broke

D. has been broken, broken

4.I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.

A. was shown

B. showed

C. have shown

D. was showing

When water______ , it will be changed into vapour.

A. is heated

B. heating

C. has heated

D. heats

5.We can't enter the room because its door______ .

A. locked

B. locks

C. is locked

D. is locking

6.They ______day and night.

A. are made work

B. are made to work

C. made to be worked

D. are making to work

7.Chang'an Road is ______of people.

A. filled

B. fill

C. full

D. fulled

8.This English song _____ often _____ by the children.

A. is, singing

B. is, sung

C. will, sing

D. was, sung

9.The windows of our house _____once a week.

A. must clean

B. have cleaned

C. is cleaned

D. are cleaned

10.When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?

A. was, found

B. was, founded

C. did, found

D. does, found

11. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.

A. will be mended

B. has mended

C. was mended

D. mended

12. Your exercise books _____ after class.

A. will hand in

B. must hand in

C. handed in

D. must be handed in

13.The sun _____ at night as usual.

A. can be seen

B. can't see

C. can't be seen

D. doesn't see

14.Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.

A. is…grown

B. is…grew

C. was…grew

D. was…grown

15.He ____ by the teachers.

A. is always praised

B. praises

C. have been praised

D. always is praised

㈡把下列句子变成被动语态

1. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.

2. Do you water your flowers every day?

3. The wind blew down the big tree last night.

4.Nobody knew me in this town at that time.

5.We planted many trees in our school last week.

6.Do people grow cotton in North China?

7.Who invented the light bulb?

8.Did they find the missing key yesterday?

9.We heard someone sing in the next room.

10.She drew them a picture yesterday.

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九年级英语上册Unit9教案 前言:小泰温馨提醒,英语作为在许多国际组织或者会议上都是必需语言,几乎所有学校 选择英语作为其主要或唯一的外语必修课。英语教学涉及多种专业理论知识,包括语言学、第二语言习得、词汇学、句法学、文体学、语料库理论、认知心理学等内容。本教案根据 英语课程标准的要求和针对教学对象是初中生群体的特点,将教学诸要素有序安排,确定 合适的教学方案的设想和计划、并以启迪发展学生智力为根本目的。便于学习和使用,本 文下载后内容可随意修改调整及打印。 杨寨中学初四英语学科教学设计 课题 unit9 sectionb 课型 new 环节 教学内容 教法学法 二次备课 教 学

目 标 aim1 掌握比较等级的表达法, 运用比较级来描述身边的事情。 aim2 了解一些自然灾害的基本知识并学会保护自己。 认 定 目 标 自 主 学 习 aim1 掌握比较等级的表达法, 运用比较级来描述身边的事情。 three times as strong as ten centimeters longer than

a is three times as strong as b a is not nearly as strong as b a is more than ten times bigger than b aim2 了解一些自然灾害的基本知识并学会保护自己。 war, flood, pollution, natural, desert, earthquake, be lack of water from bad to worse prevent… from… be filled with learn by themselves: a is three times as strong as b a is not nearly as strong as b a is more than ten times bigger than b flood is one of the biggest problems in the world. ask the students to read the aims together, make sure they can grasp the aims.

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