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双宾语tofor的用法

双宾语tofor的用法
双宾语tofor的用法

1. 两者都可以引出间接宾语,但要根据不同的动词分别选用介词to 或for:

(1) 在give, pass, hand, lend, send, tell, bring, show, pay, read, return, write, offer, teach, throw 等之后接介词to。

如:

请把那本字典递给我。

正:Please hand me that dictionary.

正:Please hand that dictionary to me.

她去年教我们的音乐。

正:She taught us music last year.

正:She taught music to us last year.

(2) 在buy, make, get, order, cook, sing, fetch, play, find, paint, choose,prepare, spare 等之后用介词for 。如:

他为我们唱了首英语歌。

正:He sang us an English song.

正:He sang an English song for us.

请帮我把钥匙找到。

正:Please find me the keys.

正:Please find the keys for me.

能耽搁你几分钟吗(即你能为我抽出几分钟吗)?

正:Can you spare me a few minutes?

正:Can you spare a few minutes for me?

注:有的动词由于搭配和含义的不同,用介词to 或for 都是可能的。如:

do sb a favou r do a favour for sb 帮某人的忙

do sb harnn= do harm to sb 对某人有害

在有的情况下,可能既不用介词for也不用介词to,而用其他的介词。如:

play sb a trick= play a trick on sb 作弄某人

比较:play sb some folk songs= play some folk songs for sb 给某人演奏民歌

有时同一个动词,由于用法不同,所搭配的介词也可能不同,如leave sb sth 这一结构,若表示一般意义的为某人留下某物,则用介词for 引出间接宾语,即说leave sth for sb 若表示某人死后遗留下某物,则用介词to引出间接宾语,

即说leave sth to sb 女口:

Would you like to leave him a message? / Would you like to leave a message for him? 你要不要给他留个话?

Her father left her a large fortune. / Her father left a large fortune to her.她父亲死后给她留下了一大笔财产。

2. 两者均可表示目标、目的地、方向等,此时也要根据不同动词分别对待。如:

(1) 在come, go, walk, move, fly, ride, drive, march, return 等动词之后通常用介词

to 表示目标或目的地。如:

He has gone to Sha nghai.他至U上海去了。

They walked to a river. 他们走到一条河边。

⑵在leave, start, set out, set off, sail, head等动词之后,通常用介词for表示方向。如:

He left [started] for Beijing. 他动身去北京了。

They set out [set off] for home. 他们动身回家了。

Our ship will sail for Shanghai tomorrow. 我们的船明天开往上海。

注:在某些名词之后也通常用介词for(有时也用to)表示方向或目的地。如:

Is this the train for [to] Paris? 这是开往巴黎的火车吗?

Passe ngers for Oxford must cha nge at Didcot前往牛津的旅客必须在迪德考特换

车。

3. 在某些结构中to 和for 都可用,但含义截然不同。如:

answer to 符合answer for 保证

make up to 巴结make up for 弥补

go to him 到他那儿去go for him 去迎接他

thanks to 多亏thanks for 多谢

4. 在某些结构中,用to 或for 均可,意义大致相同,但性质不同:to 是不定式符号(不是介词),for 是介词。如:

It ' s time for supper [to have suppdi该.吃晚饭了。

We are ready for it [to do it]. 我们已准备好做此事。

He' s fit for the work [to do the work]. 他适合做这工作。

5. 介词to和for均可表示对……(来说)'这一意义,以下几点需注意:

(1)在necessary, good, easy, difficult, hard, impossible, suited, suitable, pleasar 等形容词之后,两者均可用,有时区别不大,有时区别较大。如:

Meat is necessary to [for] us all. 肉对我们大家都是必要的。

Such food is good for health. 那样的食物对身体有好处。

You should be good to her. 你应该好好对她。

注:在形容词之后若接不定式时,通常用介词for 来引出该不定式的逻辑主语。如:

It ' s very hard for her to drive a lorry.她来说驾驶一辆卡车是很困难的。

有时形容词之后接介词for,可认为是其后省略了一个不定式。如:

This lesson is too difficult for me (to understand). 这篇课文对我来说太难(理解)了。

介词to和for表示对……来说”这一意义,有以下两种观点可以参考:

观点一:to通常只表示一般意义的对……来说”即其意义较泛);而for却含有比较、限制、区别的意味,它不仅表示“对…… 来说”,而且还含有“限于……来说”或“只有对……来说”的意味。

比较:

English prepositions are difficult to almost all Chinese teachers and students of English, but they are not so difficult for my sister. 英语介词对于中国几乎所有学英

语的教师和学生来说都是很难的,但对于我姐姐来说并不算难。

The lion ess is ugly to all of us, but she is a beauty for the lion.在我们大家看来母狮是很难看的,但对雄狮来说她却很美。

观点二:to 强调主观,for 强调客观

如:

It was a useful lesson to [for] him. 这对他来说是一个有益的教训。

注:句中若用to,贝憔示他”(him自己认为有用(即主观);若用for则表示写这句话的人(the writer)认为有用(即客观)。据此分析:to不仅表示对来说”,而且还暗示在……看来”之意

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初中双宾语讲解和练习 WTD standardization office【WTD 5AB- WTDK 08- WTD 2C】

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带双宾语的动词及其用 法 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】

1、give, pass, lend, show, send, hand,write和bring 个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.” 如:He lent some money to me.类似动词的还有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach,等 2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。如:Mother bought a new dress for me。类似的动词还有:build,choose,cook,cut,do,find,fix,leave,order(订购),reach等。 3、当直接宾语是代词时,间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后 Richard made it for him。理查德为他做的这个东西 Give it to me。把它给我 4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语,如ask,teach,tell,owe,pay. I asked a question. 我问了一个问题 I asked John a question.我问了约翰一个问题 5、suggest,explain,introduce,mention,deliver,announce等动词后必须跟介词to,不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。 Could you explain your point of view to us =Could you explain to us your point of view 6.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置,如: ①a. The boss entrusted him with the job. b. The boss entrusted the job to him.

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1、主谓双宾中两个宾语都与主语联系,是主语动作的承受者。而主谓宾宾补中的补语是用来补充说明宾语的。这是从概念区分的。 2、“主谓宾补”中,如果将主谓去掉,宾语和补语是存在逻辑关系的,加入助动词可以构成一个完整的句子。 宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种: 1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有:who,what,which等。如:Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗? The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西? 2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如: He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。 3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much,when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如: He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。

初中双宾语讲解和练习

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带双宾语的动词及其用法

1、give, pass, lend, show, send, hand,write和bring 个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.” 如:He lent some money to me.类似动词的还有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach,等 2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。如:Mother bought a new dress for me。类似的动词还有:build,choose,cook,cut,do,find,fix,leave,order(订购),reach等。 3、当直接宾语是代词时,间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后 Richard made it for him。理查德为他做的这个东西 Give it to me。把它给我 4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语,如ask,teach,tell,owe,pay. I asked a question. 我问了一个问题 I asked John a question.我问了约翰一个问题 5、suggest,explain,introduce,mention,deliver,announce等动词后必须跟介词to,不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。 Could you explain your point of view to us? =Could you explain to us your point of view? 6.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置,如:

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跟双宾语与宾补结构的动词 Verb: 分为及物vt和不及物vi两种 及物动词后面必须跟宾语。有些动词后面常跟双宾语或复合宾语,复合宾语也就是宾补结构 1.后面常跟双宾语结构的及物动词 accord给予bring带来buy 买deny不给予grant同意给予、准许promise答应、允诺pass传递pay支付hand递leave留、交付teach tell throw wish希望write owe欠send送show展示return归还offer提供lend借给refuse拒绝take带去、带走 He wrote his mother a check 他给母亲开了一张支票。 The general granted us permission to visit the military base 将军准许我们参观那个军事基地 I have promised Susan the book by Monday 我己经答应周一前给苏珊那本书。 His friends accorded Tom their sincere thanks 他的朋友们对汤姆表示了诚挚的谢意。 注:1、双宾语结构经常可以引入介词to或for把间宾引出保留直宾而变成单宾语结构。用to表示动作对谁而做,间宾是实际承受者;用for表示动作为谁而做,间宾是预定承受者。

用to的动词:allow bring cause give sell hand lend show offer owe pass promise pay read refuse return teach throw tell throw send take等 用for的动词:book build buy call choose cook(bake boil fry)fetch find keep make find找到order save spare等 2.后面带复合宾语,也就是宾补结构的及物动词 1)宾语+名词构成的宾补结构 appoint任命call称作choose选择designate 选派、授予elect选举count认为name称作、取名crown加冕find发现leave使keep 保持consider认为nominate提名等等 They crowned him king 他们立他为国王。 We appointed him president of the club 我们任命他为俱乐部主席。 I considered him a genius 我认为他是个天才。 We elected John chairman 我们选约翰做主席。 We found her a very suitable person for the job 我们发现她很适合做这项工作。You must keep it a secret. 你必须对这点保密。 We nominated him a member of the council 我们提名他为委员会的委员。 2)宾语+形容词构成的宾补结构

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