1.文体介绍
还盘（counter-offer）,也叫还价，是贸易往来中（主要是对价格）的磋商（negotiation）过程。当买、卖双方，不能接受对方所提供的某项贸易条件时，可以通过还盘说明原因，表示遗憾，或建议对方给予一定让步。贸易条件逐项在这个过程中一一确定，直至交易达成。
2。实用范例
（1）
Subject:Counter-offer
DearSir,
Sincerely,
Xxx
主题：还盘
亲爱的先生：
你知道，我们对你的产品一致都很满意。但发现，在当地一家公司可以得到每一百个价格为4美元的这种产品，比你们每一百个的价格少50美分。如果你们能设法找出原因并使价格也达到这样的标准，我们就乐意向你们提出一项可以执行到本年底的订货。而且该项订货就可能是我们从来也没有向你们提出过的最大订货之一。
你真诚的，
xxx
（2）
DearSir,
Bestregards,
Xxx
主题：拒绝还盘
亲爱的先生：
关于你8月1日的电子邮件所谈价格，我们认为不能再报比那更低的价格了。处于当前情况下，他本身就说明是最慷慨的价格了。经查对我们的账目发现，你们今年的头3个月在我处所购的货物是去年同期的两倍。这就说明，你们零售我们的货物方面是取得了成就的。因此希望你们经过重新考虑后，能够接受我们的该项报价。我们已很乐意的将你们的名字留
在我们的账目上了。
你真诚的，
xxx
3.典型句型
a.Ithinkthatthepriceofyourproductsisonhighside.
我认为你方价格偏高。
b.WithyourpriceI’mafraidyou’llstandverylittlechanceofobtainingthebusiness.
按你这个价格，恐怕你获得这笔交易的机会甚小。
我认为要达成这笔交易，你至少要降价10。
我们的价格与国际市场上的价格相比还是合理的。
e.Thepriceo
f..isacceptable,providedyouincreasethequantityofyourorderto..
……价我方可以接受，但条件是你方应奖订货数量增至……
我们各让一半吧！
4．商务写作小练习
请就上一期提供的报盘，写一封还盘进行讨价还价！
关于商务英语的情景对话 对代理请求的回应 401. As the volume of business concluded by you is not big enough, we won t consider the question of agency. 鉴于贵方去年成交的数额不大我方不会考虑代理的问题。 402. We think it premature for us to discuss the question of agency at present stage. 我方认为现阶段讨论代理的问题对我方来说还为时过早。 403. The time is not yet mature to discussion of agency. 讨论代理的时间还不成熟。 404. We would like to say that this initial stage contract between us, both side do not understand each other very well, so there seems to be no sufficient bases for us to negotiate agency. 我方想要说的是在我们履行合同的初期双方的相互了解还不够因此我们讨论代理的条件还不太具备。 405. I am afraid that this is not good time yet to push the sales of our product in your market. 恐怕现在还不是在贵方市场上推销我方产品的时机。
406. We do not think the time is right for the discussion of the question of e_clusive agency. 我们认为讨论独家代理问题的时机尚不成熟。 407. We regret to say that since there is so far no transaction concluded between us, we have to decline your quest for agency. 由于我们双方迄今未成达任何交易很遗憾我方不得不拒绝贵方申请代理的要求。 408. The question of agency is still under consideration and we hope you will continue your effort to push the sale of our product at present stage. 代理的问题还在考虑中我方希望在现阶段贵方还要继续努力推销我方的产品。 409. We shall not consider pointing you as our sole agent until your sales record justify our doing so. 待你们的销售成绩足以表明可以委托你方独家代理时我们才会考虑此事。 410. Shall we discuss the matter of agency when your market condition turns better 我们是否等到中方市场情况好转时再来谈代理的事情好吗 代理条件和要求
外企工作邮件中必用100句 1. I am writing to confirm/enquire/inform you... 我发邮件是想找你确认/询问/想通知你有关… 2. I am writing to follow up on our earlier decision on the marketing campaign in Q2. 我写邮件来是为了跟进我们之前对第二季度营销活动的决定。 3. With reference to our telephone conversation today... 关于我们今天在电话中的谈话… 4. In my previous e-mail on October 5... 在之前10月5日所写的邮件中提到… 5. As I mentioned earlier about... 在先前我所提到的关于… 6. As indicated in my previous e-mail... 如我在之前邮件中所提到的… 7. As we discussed on the phone... 如我们上次在电话中所说的… 8. from our decision at the previous meeting... 如我们在上次会议中所决定的… 9. as you requested... 根据贵方要求… 10. In reply to your e-mail dated April 1，we decided... 回复贵方4月1日的邮件，我方决定… 11. This is in response to your e-mail today. 这是对您今早发来的邮件的回复。 12. As mentioned before, we deem this product has strong unique selling points in china. 如先前所述，我们认为这个产品在中国有强有力且独一无二的销售点。 13. As a follow-up to our phone conversation yesterday, I wanted to get back to you about the pending issues of our agreement. 追踪我们昨天在电话中所谈，我想答复你我们合约的一些待解决的议题。 14. I received your voice message regarding the subject. I'm wondering if you can elaborate i.e. provide more details. 我收到了你关于这个主题的留言。我在想您你是否可以再详尽的说明一下，也就是再提供多一点相关细节。 15. Please be advised/informed that... 请被告知... 16. Please note that... 请注意... 17. We would like to inform you that... 我们想要通知你... 18. I am convinced that... 我确信... 19. We agree with you on... 我们同意你在...的看法。 20. With effect from 4 Oct., 2008... 从2008年10月4日开始生效... 21. We will have a meeting scheduled as noted below... 我们将举行一个会议，会议时间表如下。
商务英语口语情景对话 大全 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
英语面试自我介绍 A类： B: May I come in我可以进来吗 A: Yes, please.请进。 B: How are you doing, Sir My name is xxxx. I am coming to your company for an interview as requested.你好，先生。我叫xxx，我是应邀来贵公司面试的。 A: Fine, thank you for coming. Please take a seat. I am xxxx, the assistant manager.好的，谢谢你过来。请坐，我叫xxxx，是经理助理。 B: Nice to see you, .非常高兴见到你，吴先生。 A: Nice to meet you, too. Tell me about yourself and your past experience.我也很高兴见到你。说说你自己和你过去的经历吧。 B: I have worked as a secretary for six years. I get along well with peers, clients, administrators and bosses. I thrive on challengeand work well in high-stress environments. 我已经做执行秘书6年了。开始是为一家贸易公司工作.现在是一家信托公司。我和同事、客户、行政管理员以及老板相处得非常好。我能应付挑战，而且在高压力环境中也能工作很出色。 A: So why did you choose our company B: As far as I know, your company is one of several leading international consultant corporations which came to China after China entered WTO. I think working here would give me the best chance to use what I’ve learned. A: Sometimes we are very busy and need to work overtime. How do you feel about that 有时候我们工作很忙。需要加班。你觉得如何 B: That's all right. But could you tell me how often and how many hours I should work overtime 没关系。你能告诉我加班的频率和时间长度吗 A: It just depends. If we have important visiting delegations, you have to stay with us. It's not unusual. 这得看情况。如果我们有重要的访问代表团。你必须留在我们身边。这种情况很正常。 A: What are your salary expectations 你期望多少薪水 B: I really need more information about the job before we start to discuss salary. Maybe you could tell me what is budgeted for the position. 在讨论薪水前.我需要更多了解这份工作.或者你可以告诉我这个职位的预算报酬是多少. A: 3000, with raises after the half yearing to your competence. 起薪是每月3000元。半年后会根据你的表现增加薪水。 B: Well, I think it's acceptable and I really like the job. 我觉得可以接受。我真的喜欢这份工作。我什么时候能得知结果呢 A: Do you have any other questions 我们会在7月初通知你我们的最终决定。你还有别的问题吗
目录 Day today Office日常事务 1 Faxes传真 2 Telephone Calls电话 3 Making Telephone Appointments电话预约 4 Memos备忘录 5 Business Correspondence商业信函 6 Placing an Order下订单 Office Talk办公室谈话 7 Coworkers同事 8 Bosses老板 9 Brainstorming集体讨论 10 Commuting乘公交车上下班 11 The Working Lunch工作午餐 Business Trip商务旅行 12 International Business Travel国际商务旅行 13 Dressing for Business商务着装 14 Hotel Situations旅馆情景 15 Negotiating the Subway乘地铁 Client Reception接待客户 16 Receiving Clients接待客户 17 Entertaining Clients招待客户 18 Accommodating Foreign Clients接待国外客户 19 Factory Tours参观工厂 Business Communization商务交流 20 Personal Introductions个人介绍 21 Small Talks聊天 22 Delivering Bad News传达坏消息 23 Polite Questions礼貌提问 24 Farewells道别 Negotiation谈判 25 Clarifying the Stakes说明利害关系 26 Making Concessions做出让步 27 Discussing the Bottom Line讨论底线 28 Accepting and Confirming接受和确认29 Hard Bargainers VS Soft Bargainers强硬的对手和温和的对手 Company Organization公司结构 30 CEO执行总裁 31 Stockholders股东 32 Board of Directors董事会 33 Managerial Staff管理人员 34 Labor Staff普通员工 Meetings and Interviews会议和面谈 35 Executing Meetings开会 36 Performance Reviews业绩评估 37 Agendas会议议程 38 Making Requests提出要求 Presentations业务陈述 39 Preparation and Developing Your Topic准备和展话题 40 Introductions and Beginnings介绍和开头 41 Making Transitions in the Present ation陈述中的过渡 42 Conclusions结论 提问阶段Data数据处理 44 Trends趋势 45 Systems制度 46 Scheduling日程安排 47 SWOT An山sis态势分析 48 Statistical Reports数据统计报告 Technology技术 49 Ema il电子邮件 50 Computer Technology计算机技术 51 Running an Inte rn et Business网上做生意 52 Electronic Gadgets数码产品 53 Web based Marketing网上营销 Financial Topics财务话题 54 Costing成本
1. 文体介绍 买方收到货物的时候也就是付款的时候，对外贸一种付款的方式很多，用得比较多的基本上有三种，即汇款、托收和信用证。 付款信是指买方在收到所订货物后，将收货情况、付款方式及金额及时通知卖方。有时候买方因某种原因无法及时付款，也可以写信给卖方要求延期付款，而卖方则根据具体情况同意或拒绝。 2。实用范例 （1） Subject: Bank Draft Payment Dear Sirs, The goods under Contract No.555 was delivered here in good order and condition and we are quite satisfied with it. Please find a Bank Draft to the value of US$ 80,000 for payment of your Invoice No. 1223 sent by airmail. An acknowledgement in due course will be appreciated. Yours truly, Xxxx 主题：汇票付款 亲爱的先生； 第555号合同项下的货物完好的运抵我处，我们对货物甚感满意。 现寄去面额80000美元的银行汇票一张，以结清贵方航邮来的第1223号发票账款，请查收。如若及时给我方收讫通知，将不胜感激。 你忠实的 xxxx (2) Subject: Asking for Deferred Payment Dear Sirs, Your Invoice No.1223 for US $ 80,000 worth of goods supplied on 20th July is due for payment at the end of this month. Most unfortunately, a fire broke out in our warehouse last week and destroyed a certain part of valuable consignment. Our claim is now with the insurance company, but it is unlikely to be met for another three or four weeks and until then we are faced with a difficult financial situation. I am therefore writing for permission to defer payment of your invoice until the end of September.
1.问候greeting 不知收件人： To whom it may concern, （敬启者,较少用） Dear Sir or Madam, 知性别： Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms + 姓 知头衔/职位： Dear Prof.（教授）/Dr.（博士）+ 姓 【注意】在正式的英文邮件中，如果在知道对方职位的前提下，尽量使用“头衔+姓”的方式开场。要记得greeting后面的标点符号是逗号, 然后空一行之后才正式开始信的内容。 2.目的purpose 在详细表述前，告知邮件重点： I am writing to inquire… I am writing in reference to… I am writing to confirm/ enquire/ inform you…我写信时要确认/询问/通知你… I am delighted to give you the detail about…我很开心能给你提供…的详情 回信的开头可以说： Thank you for reaching out to us regarding … Thank you for your email…感谢你的来信… Thank you for callin g me yesterday to discuss…感谢昨天你来电讨论… 【注意】特别是商务信函我们一般多使用比较书面的语言，例如上面的in reference to（一般说明已经和对方提过的事）以及regarding都是【关于】的意思，但我们应尽量避免用about 这样口语的表达。 3.正文content 一个段落一个主题，几个段落一个主旨 Attached please find the latest information on…最新消息可查看附件… In order to achieve our sales target, we need to…为了完成我们的销售目标，我们需要… 【注意】 商业信函中应注意使用书面语用receive, 不用got； 不要用缩写用does not, 而不用doesn't； 多用委婉客气的语气I was wondering if you could provide some more details. 重要内容加粗，但不要全部大写Please review the attached documents thoroughly.
英语谈判对话900句，商务洽谈英语对话，签订外贸合同英语对话 --- Such data is confidential. 这样的资料为机密资料。 --- I am not sure such data does exist. 我不确定是否有这样的资料存在。 --- It would depend on what is on the list. 这要看列表内容。 --- We need them urgently. 我们急需这些资料。 --- All right. I will send the information on a piecemeal basis as we acquire it. 好。我们收齐之后会立即寄给你。 --- I'd like to introduce you to our company. Is there anything in particular you'd lik e to know? 我将向你介绍我们的公司，你有什么特别想知道的吗？ --- I'd like to know some information about the current investment environment in y our country? 我想了解一下贵国的投资环境。 --- I'd like to know something about your foreign trade policy. 我非常想了解有关贵国对外贸易的政策。 --- It is said that a new policy is being put into practice in your foreign trade. 据说你们正在实施一种新的对外贸易政策。 --- Our foreign trade policy has always been based on equality and mutual benefit and exchange of needed goods. 我们的对外贸易政策一向是以平等互利、互通有无为基础的。 --- We have adopted much more flexible methods in our dealings.
商务英语情景对话 A: seller B: buyer A: Hello, welcome to XX company, I’m the (职位). These are my Colleague , Miss … and Miss …. B: Hi, nice to meet you. I’m the (职位)，from XX company,(城市，国家) A: Nice to see you, too. Here is our catalogue for your reference. Is there anything particular you’re interested in? B: Well, I’m interested in your golden delicious apple. A: You have a good judgment. Golden delicious apple is famous as its first class quality, rich juice, and sweet sour taste. It’s also produced from Shandong province which has a good reputation of apples. B: well, I’m very impressed .May I have some idea of your price? A: Sure, USD 2000 per ton, CIF Newyork.(
B: Your price for golden delicious apple at USD 2000 per ton is on the high side, I can’t accept it. A: You must be aware that the price of golden delicious apple has been increasing since last year. It is fixed according to the upward trend in the international market price. B: But your price is much higher than the market price .Thailand gives a much lower price. A: The quality of this kind of golden delicious apple is much better. I can quote you on apple of quality and the price will definitely be lower. Our price varies according to the quality. B: What i mean is that your price is higher than of the same quality .It will be hard for us to persuade our clients to accept such a price .And as I known, many suppliers are in fact cutting the price trying to get a large market share. A: But our product can deal with the competition .You can see that we have already got many orders and more are coming. It shows that our product and price are acceptable
商务英语email 如何询盘（询价：inquiry或enquiry）？ 在对外贸易中，询盘，也叫询价（inquiry或enquiry）是买方或买方对于所要购买或出售的商品向另一方作出的询问。询盘是交易的起点…… 1. 文体介绍 在对外贸易中，询盘，也叫询价(inquiry或enquiry)是买方或买方对于所要购买或出售的商品向另一方作出的询问。询盘是交易的起点，可以分为： 普通询盘(a general inquiry):索取普通资料，诸如：目录(a catalogue)、价目表或报价单(a price-list or quotation sheets)、样品(a sample)、图片(illustrated photo prints)等。 具体询盘(a specific inquiry): 具体询问商品名称(the name of the commodity)、规格(the specifications)、数量(the quantity)、单价(the unit price FOB… CIF…),装船期(the time of shipment)、付款方式(the terms of payment)等。 询盘一般多为买方向卖方发出，买方通过询盘信，简明扼要的向卖方了解一般的商品信息。利用E-mail 写询盘信，无须写的过分客气，只需具体、简洁、措词得体。有的询盘信开门见山，直截了当说明订购打算，希望对方给予一定优惠条件;有的询盘信则以征询信息的方式，不许下订货诺言，以避免结果未订购可能形成的日后交易中的障碍。 2. 实用范例 Subject: Enquiry Dear Sirs, We are interested in buying large quantities of steel screws in all sizes. We would be obliged if you would give us a quotation per kilogram C&F Liverpool, England. It would also be appreciated if you could forward samples and your price-list to us. We used to purchase these products from other sources. We may now prefer to buy from your company because we understand that you are able to supply larger quantities at more attractive prices. In addition, we have confidence in the quality of your products. We look forward to hearing from you by return E-mail. Sincerely, Xxx 主题：询盘 亲爱的先生： 本公司有意大量购买各型号钢螺钉，欲知每公斤运抵英国利物浦的成本价运费价格。如蒙惠赐上述报价单，不胜感激。如能惠寄样本和价格表，亦必感激不尽。 本公司素来从其他公司购买此类货物，闻悉贵公司货物质优价廉，故欲与贵公司建立合作关系。 盼复。 你真诚的xxx 3.典型句型 (1) Could you give us some idea about your price? 请介绍贵方的价格好吗? (2) Do you offer FOB or CIF? 你们报船上交货价还是到岸价? (3) How long does your offer remain valid/firm/open? 你们的报价多长时间有效? (4)Will you let us know what your terms of payment are? 能否告知贵方付款条件?
商务英语情景对话100主题-真正完整版
Day today Office日常事务 1 Faxes传真 2 Telephone Calls电话 3 Making Telephone Appointments电话预约 4 Memos备忘录 5 Business Correspondence商业信函 6 Placing an Order下订单 Office Talk办公室谈话 7 Coworkers同事 8 Bosses老板 9 Brainstorming集体讨论 10 Commuting乘公交车上下班 11 The Working Lunch工作午餐 Business Trip商务旅行 12 International Business Travel国际商务旅行 13 Dressing for Business商务着装 14 Hotel Situations旅馆情景 15 Negotiating the Subway乘地铁 Client Reception接待客户 16 Receiving Clients接待客户 17 Entertaining Clients招待客户
18 Accommodating Foreign Clients接待国外客户 19 Factory Tours参观工厂 Business Communization商务交流 20 Personal Introductions个人介绍 21 Small Talks聊天 22 Delivering Bad News传达坏消息 23 Polite Questions礼貌提问 24 Farewells道别 Negotiation谈判 25 Clarifying the Stakes说明利害关系 26 Making Concessions做出让步 27 Discussing the Bottom Line讨论底线 28 Accepting and Confirming接受和确认 29 Hard Bargainers VS Soft Bargainers强硬的对手和温和的对手 Company Organization公司结构 30 CEO执行总裁 31 Stockholders股东 32 Board of Directors董事会 33 Managerial Staff管理人员 34 Labor Staff普通员工 Meetings and Interviews会议和面谈
商务英语情景对话：Punctuality “商务英语”是商务和英语的结合，商务英语交流总是带着一定的目的并要达成一定的结果。因此演练一下商务英语情景对话很有必要。今天凯撒国际英语的小编就带给大家一些商务英语会谈常见的情景对话，这样让你在职场中的任何情况都能应对自如，表现越来越出色。 Ann: 陈豪在美国公司已经工作了一段时间。今天老板要找他谈话。老板找谈话会有什么事呢？陈豪心里有点不安，所以急着去请教美籍华人Mary。 (Office ambience) 陈：(很着急地)Hey, Mary，快，我有事问你。 M：What's the matter? 陈: 老板的秘书通知我老板过一会要找我谈话，可说的话我没听懂，说是为了什么punc...punc... 那个词我不知道... M: Punctual? 陈：对，有点像，不过那个词最后的音好像是什么ty 来了。 M：Punctuality? 陈：Yes, yes. Punctuality. Punctuality是什么意思呀？哟，不好了，时间到了，我得去了。 (Sound of knocking on the door; opening the door) Mr. Jones: Mr. Chen, it has been brought to my attention that you are frequently late for meetings. I want you to know that punctuality is important in American business and in our company too. C: Sorry, Mr. Jones, I am not sure I understand. What exactly do you mean by punc... punctuality? Mr. Jones: Punctuality simply means being on time. If a meeting is scheduled for one o'clock, everyone is expected to be in the meeting room and ready to start. C: (自语：噢，开会要准时！) Mr. Jones, now I understand. I'll be on time for meetings from now on. Ms. Jones: Good. (Sound of pushing chairs and walking) M: 嗨，陈豪，刚才我要告诉你punctuality就是准时，你匆忙走了，大概没有听见。哎，老板找你干什么呀？ C：他批评我开会不准时。他不懂，可我又没法和老板争。你知道有的时候我专心工作忘了时间！ M. 那不行，上星期开会讨论财务，可数据全在你手上。你不到，会没法开。There's no way to have the meeting without you，所以你浪费了大家的时间。Being late is a sign of disrespect。 C: 我不是有意没礼貌，有的时候是没法控制的。那天我刚要去开会，电话铃响了。 M：That's simple. Don't answer it。打电话的人要是有重要事情他会留言。你开完会可以打回电。
商务英语模拟谈判 卖方Sales Administrator销售主管A Project Manager项目经理B 买方Vending Manager售买经理C Merchandising Manager采购经理D Wholesale Buyer 批发采购员E 保险manager of the People’s Insurance Company of China PICC的经理F （江来） S代表卖方b代表买方 旁白：Miss A is the Sales Administrator(销售主管) of Japanese CASIO corporation ; Miss B is the Project Manager(项目经理) of Japanese CASIO corporation ; Miss C is the Vending Manager(售买经理) of Chinese Agcy agency ; Miss D is the Merchandising Manager （采购经理) of Chinese Agcy agency；Miss E is Wholesale Buyer(批发采购员) of Chinese Agcy agency. B:We warmly welcome you .Do you had a very restful night ? S: Actually, we feel quite rested. I would like to thank you for your kind invitation to visit your beautiful country. B: We’ve been looking forward to your visit. We are waiting for your reply about the suggestion of the CASIO’s (卡西欧) sole agency in China. S: T o tell you the truth,your proposal surprised us. As you know our annual turnover is more than one million. so it is difficult for us to believe you can play the role of the CASIO’s (卡西欧) sole agency in China. B: As we know , In China your main markets are big cities such as, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and so on. About 60% turnover were sold in these big cities last year. We have extensive channel-0f-distribution, specifically covering these big cities. So As a selling agent we can take good care of your export business. S: Yes, I think so. but your sales are not more than 400,000. how can you explain it for us. B:I understand you are selling the same products to some other Chinese importers. this tends to complicate my business. as you know, I am experienced in the business of slippers and enjoy a good business relationship with all the leading whole- salers and retailers in that line. I have a mind to expand this business in the years to come.
常见邮件英语 常见的商务英语电子邮件包括以下五部分：①写信人Email地址、收信人Email地址、抄送收信人Email地址、密送收信人Email地址。②标题。③称呼、开头、正文、结尾句。④礼貌结束语。⑤写信人全名、写信人职务及所属部门、地址、电话号码、传真等。 一、主题 1.主题（Subject）框的内容应简明地概括信的内容，短的可以是一个单词，如greetings；长的可以是一个名词性短语，也可以是完整句，但长度一般不超过35个字母。 2.主题框的内容切忌含糊不清。NO：像News about the meeting 这样的表达，YES：应改为Tomorrow's meeting canceled。 一般来说，只要将位于句首的单词和专有名词的首字母大写即可。另外一种较为正规的格式可将除了少于5个字母的介词、连接词或冠词之外的每一个单词的首字母大写。YES：New E-mail Address Notification；Detailed calculation NO：detailed calculation 视信的内容是否重要，还可以开头加上URGENT或者FYI （For Your Information，供参考），如：URGENT：Submit your report today! 二、称呼 在同辈的亲朋好友或同事间可以直呼其名，但对长辈或上级最好使用头衔加上姓。Dear Mr. Smith，如果很多收件人，Dear All。 如果没有名字,或者是很正规信的信件,可以考虑这些： Dear Colleagues: Dear Sir or Madam: 三、开头 1. Warm greeting from XX 2. Thank you for your prompt reply. 当一个客户或是同事很快就回复了你的邮件，一定记得要感谢他们。如果回复并不及时，只要将“prompt”除去即可，你还可以说，“thank you for getting back to me.” 3. Thanks for your mail of 日期............ 4. We apologize for not replying you earlier. 对于未能早一点回信給你，我们感到抱歉 四、正文 1.只发附件 附件是……，请参阅。 Please kindly find the attached ……