代词专项
在我们的理解中，代词分为指示代词，人称代词，反身代词，关系代词等。通常以对话的形式考查。纵观近几年的东营市中考题，可以看出在08年考查的是不定代词one,物主代词it,指示代词that的用法；09年考查的是不定代词something,anything,nothing和everthing 的区别；10年考查的是反身代词的单复数。按考试大纲要求我们首先以下几种代词：
一、指示代词：this，that，these，those
this和that是英语中两个最基本、最常用的指示代词，它们的区别是：
1) this或these 一般用来指时间或空间上较近的人或事；that或those则指时间或空间上较远的人或事。
This is an axe and that is a sickle.
I have been working on the term paper these days.
That Chinese student came to visit me that day.
In those pre-school days, we were care-free and happy.
2) 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则指下面将要讲到的事物或眼前的事。如：
He was ill. That's why he didn't come to the meeting.
He is not clever but he is very diligent, and that is the most important thing.
The students were informed of these words: "The President will give you an audience. No one is to be absent."
What I want to emphasis is this: advertising for a bank is not easy.
This will do.
3) 有时为了避免重复提到过的名词，常可用that 或those代替。
The factory's transistor's output of 1999 is double that of 1992.
The presentation given by Liu is just as good as that given by Li.
4. 当涉及辨认近物和远物时用this和that加以区分，例如：
This is a book. 这是一本书。（指近处物品）
That is a car. 那是一辆小汽车。（指远处物品）
—What is that? 那是什么？（问远处物品）
—It is a jeep. 它是一辆吉普车。
5 介绍放在一起的两样东西时，先介绍的用this，后介绍的用that。例如：
This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔，那是一支铅笔。
6. 把某人介绍给第三者时，常使用“This is...”这一句型，其中this不能换成he或she。例如：
Jim, this is my teacher, Mr Black. 吉姆，这是我的老师，布莱克先生。
7. 打电话，向对方介绍自己时要用“This is...”。询问或确认对方是哪一位时，可以说“Who's that? ”（你是谁？）或“Is that...？（是……吗？）”。例如：
—This is Kate. Who's that? 我是凯特，你是谁？
—This is Jim. 我是吉姆。
总之，打电话时习惯用this指代自己，用that 指代对方。
二、人称代词：
使用这四种代词的用法就是说，首先根据汉语意思判断所用的代词是否含有“的”，若有就选择物主代词，反之，就选人称代词，其次，在人称代词中，做主语就用主格人称代词，放在动词和介词之后就用宾格人称代词；在物主代词中，后面若有名词就用形容词性物主代词；若没有，就用名词性物主代词。
人称代词表示"我""你""他""我们""你们""他们"的词叫人称代词。人称代词并不全指人，也指物。有三种人称，每个人称又分为单数和复数（第二人称单数和复数同形）。人称代词还有主格和宾格之分。它有人称、数和格的变化，其形式列表如下：
人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I Me We us第二人称You You You You第三人称he him they themshe her it it （1）第一人称单数I代表说话者，必须大写，"我"。如：I go to school every day.我每天去上学。（2）第一人称复数we代表说话者一方（二人或者二人以上）"我们"。如：We are swimming now.我们现在正在游泳。（3）第二人称单数、复数you代表听话者或者对方（复数you代表二人或二人以上）。如：Are you ready, Sam? 萨姆，你准备好了吗？（4）第三人称包括he、she、it. He "他" 代表已经提到过的男人。She"她" 代表已经提到过的女人。It "它"代表已经提到过的事物。如：He is the tallest in the class. 他在班里是最高的。She has a little brother. 她有个小弟弟。、I have a handbag. It is black. 我有个手提包，它是黑色的。（5）第三人称复数they "他们" 代表已经提到过的一些人或者一些事物，这个词没有性别之分。如：Where are the teachers? They are over there. 老师们在哪里？他们在那边。Where are the apples? They are in the drawer. 苹果在哪里？它们在抽屉里。注：1）人称代词主格在句中主要做主语。如：We went to the zoo yesterday.我昨天去动物园了。2）人称代词宾格在句中主要作宾语。如：Can you help me? 你能帮我吗？3）人称代
词做表语时一般用宾格。如：Who is that? It's me. 是谁呀？是我。4)在比较状语从句中，在不引起误解的前提下，有时用宾格代词代替主格代词。如：He is taller than me. 它比我高。He loves you more than me. 她爱你胜过爱我。5）两个以上的代名词并行排列时，其次序为：a) 单数人称代词：you he I. 如：You, he and I are good friends. 你我他都是好朋友。b) 复数人称代词为：we you they. 如：We and they went to the Great Wall yesterday. 我们和他们昨天都去长城了。c) 第三人称He和she 同时使用时，先说he,后说she.如：He and she were late for school this morning.他和她今天早上都上学迟到了。
能力拓展：
1.-----Jim, Tom is oloking for his English book. Is this __________?
-----No, that is _________. I don’t know where his is.
A.his ,mine
B.he, mine
C.him, mine
D.his,my
2.He may leave now ,because there is _________ work for him to do.
A. a little
B.some
C.no
D.any
3.-----Have you found the information about the famous people _____ you can use for the report ? -----Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.
A. who
B.what
C.whom
D.which
4.----Sally, could you go and help your father wash the car.
----Why _______? I’m busy now .Amy is lying on the grass doing nothing.
A. me
B.I
C.him
D.her
5.----Alice ,is this your dictionary?
------ Let me see.Oh,no. ________ is in my school bag.
A.Myself
B.Me
C.My
D.Mine
6.The boy found _______ hard to get along with the other classmates.
A. this
B.that
C.it
D.one
7.----Who helped you clean the classroom yesterday?
----- _____________.I cleaned it all myself.
A.Somebody
B.Nobody
C.Everybody
D.Everyone
8.----Who is Mr Xu?
----He is _________ theacher and he teaches ________ P.E.
A. our ,us
B.our,our
C.ours,our
D.we,we
9.----Excuse me, are these books ________?
----No,they are ______ classmate’s.
A.his,he
B.hers,hers
C.your,mine
D.yours,my
10.----Is there ____ in today’s newspaper?
----Yes ,our National Table Tennis Team won all the seven gold medals once more.
A. something new
B.anything new
C.somebody special
D.anybody special
11.Don’t just wait for other’s help. God helps those who help _________.
A.him
B.you
C.them
D.themselves
12.I don't think we can do it all ____.
A. by ourselves
B. by myself
C. by ourself D .by yourselves
13.I can't repair the model ship ____. Can you help?
A .me; me B. myself ;myself C .myself ;me D. me ; myself
14.The book on the shelf is. She wrotename on its cover .
A .Hers; her ;herself B. Her; hers; herself
C. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself
15.Is this her bike? No, it isn't . It's ____.
A. mine
B. my
C. me
D. he's
16.When you see Tom and his sister , tell thatmother is waiting at the gate.
A. his ;his
B. her; hers
C. them ; their
D. his ; her
17. Could you help _____ with ___ English, please.A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I
18. A friend of _____ came here yesterday.A. my B. his C. him D. himself
19. ______ pencil-box is beautiful. But ____ is more beautiful than ______.
A. Toms, my, he
B. Tom's, mine, his
C. Tom's, mine, him
D. Tom's, my, his
20. How hard______ works!A. we B. him C. he D. his
21. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _______ .A. I B. me C. my D. mine .
22. That's not ______, it is_______. I made it ______ .
A. ours, mine, myself
B. your, mine, myself
C. yours, her, myself
D. yours, my, myself
23. Most people think ______ are winning SARS. A. ours B. ourselves C. we D. us
24. Our manager allowed _______to take a holiday next week.
A. you and I
B. yourself and me
C.I and you
D. you and me
25. Children can usually dress ______ by the age of five.
A. him
B. them
C. himself
D. themselves
反义疑问句与感叹句
反义疑问句是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是一个省略问句，附加在陈述句后，即：
陈述句+ 逗号+ 省略问句+ 问号
直切主题，必须牢记以下规则：
1．this 或that用it反问，these或those用they无论是否指人
This is your brother, isn’t it?
Those are books ,aren’t they?
2. 不定代词one用one或he ，我们一般用he。
One can’t be always young, can one / he?
3. something、anything、everything和nothing等表示物的不定代词用it 反问，everybody、everyone、somebody、someone、anybody、anyone、nobody等表示人的不定代词用they或he我们一般用he。
Nothing is serious, is it? (注意为什么后面用is it而不是isn’t it?)
Everything seems all right, doesn’t it?
Everyone knows this, don’t they / doesn’t he?
Nobody likes to lose money, does he? (这里最好用he)
4.each of用he或they 反问
Each of the boys had an apple, didn’t he / they?
5. 由neither…nor…、not only…but also、both…and…、either…or…、not…but…、…or…、…and…等连接的并列主语，用复数代词反问。
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?
Both Tom and Jack came, didn’t they?
6. 由动词不定式、动名词、从句或词组构成的主语，改it
To learn English well isn’t easy, is it?
Swimming is great fun, isn’t it?
7. the + 形容词表示一类人，改复数代词
The poor had no right (权力) to speak at the time, did they?
8. there 引起的句子（There be句型等），仍用there
There stands a house and a lot of trees, doesn’t there?
There are many children in the park, aren’t there?
9. had better用should或had
We ha d better go right now, shouldn’t we / hadn’t we?
10. can’t（不可能），must(一定)表推测时，根据can’t或must后面的动词选择相应的形式He can’t be a doctor, is he?
The workers can’t have finished their work, have they?
must(必须)用needn’t 反问
You must do it today, needn’t you?
11. “would rather + 动词原形”和“would like to + 动词原形”用wouldn’t
He would rather read the text ten times than recite it, wouldn’t he?
You’d like to have some bananas, wouldn’t you?
句子中有seldom, hardly, no, not, never, few, little, nothing, nobody, nowhere等是否定句,附加疑问部分必须采用肯定形式，具有否定前缀的词对本句不起作用。
Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?
He is hardly able to swim, is he?
There is little ink in your pen, is there?
12.主从复合句,与主句的主谓语保持一致
He says that I did it, doesn’t he?
David wouldn’t go there if it rained, would he?
13.. I am…用aren’t I 反问
I am your friend, aren’t I?
14. 表示邀请,请求的祈使句,附加疑问部分用will you或won’t you或would you等,一般只要记住will you就可以了,不遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则
Come here, will you?
Turn off the light, will you?
15. Let’s …表示建议包括听话人在内，用shall we
Let’s go for a walk, shall we?
let us …表示允许，不包括听话人在内，用will you
Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
中考链接：
1.The boy has a new MP4,________?
A. doesn’t he
B.isn’t he
C.does he
D.is he
2.Alice had a wonderful time ,___________、
A. hadn’t she
B.wasn’t she
C.didn’t she
D.wouldn’t she
3.E-mail is very popular today .People seldom write letters now,_______?
A. did they
B.do they
C.didn’t they
D.don’t they
4.She is unhappy today,________?
A. is she
B.isn’t she
C.does she
D.doesn’t she
5.Your father has gone to England. The man over there can’t be your father,________ he ?
A. is
B. isn’t
C. can
D. can’t
6. Linda ate nothing this morning, _________? A. didn’t she B. was she C. did she D. wasn’t she
7. There’s hardly___ milk in the bottle, _____there?
A. no, isn’t
B. some, is
C. little, isn’t
D. any, is
8. He has never ridden a horse before, ___? A. does he B. has he C. hasn’t he D. doesn’t he
9. — He seldom came here, _____?
—Yes sir.
A. didn’t he
B. does he
C. doesn’t he
D. did he
10. Everything seems all right, _____ ? A. does it B. don’t they C. won’t it D. doesn’t it
11. One can’t be too modest, can _____ ? A. one B. he C. it D. we
12. No one failed in the exam, _____ ? A. was he B. did one C. did they D. didn’t he
13. Neither you nor I am an artist, _____ ? A. am I B. aren’t we C. are we D. a m’t I
14. He can’t be her father, _____ he? A. is B. isn’t C. can D. can’t
15. They have no time to visit the museum, _____?
A. do they
B. haven’t they
C. don’t they
D. will they
16. You’d better go at once, _____ you? A. hadn’t B. did C. didn’t D. don’t
17. You’d rather work than play, _____ you? A. hadn’t B. wouldn’t C. didn’t D. mustn’t
感叹句：
一、感叹句结构
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种：
掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。
How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序
How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序
What +名词+ 陈述语序
What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序
例如：
How clever a boy he is!How lovely the baby is!
What noise they are making!What a clever boy he is!
What wonderful ideas (we have)!What cold weather it is!
感叹句的省略形式为：What a clever boy (he is)!
近几年的典型中考题：
1）___ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice
B. What a nice
C. How nice
D. What nice
2）___terrible weather we've been having these days!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
3) --- _____ I had!
--- You really suffered a lot.
A. What a time
B. What time
C. How a time
D. how time
4._______ wonderful news report he wrote!
A. What
B.what a
C.how
D.how a
5.-----______ beautiful music!
----- Yes. It’s written by Beethoven.
A. What
B.what a
C.how
D.how a
用how,what填空
1).________ difficult homework we had yesterday!
2).________ smart girl your daughter is!
3).________ interesting his book is!
4).________ bad the weather in England is!
5).________ honest boy Tom is!
直击中考：
I still remember visiting Moscow. It is the capital of Russia, the b 1 country in the world. I went there w 2 my parents when I was eight years old. I lived and studied there for one year, I had some happy memories.
One of the most interesting things of that city was that t 3 were many dogs. Perhaps Russians l 4 dogs very much. You can see dogs here and there. Almost each of the families had a dog. I made friends with many Russian children w 5 I was living and studying there. They were all very nice. They had fair hair and fair skin. I played with them h 6 though I could only speak a little Russian at first. They were f 7 to me. The weather in Moscow was very cold. It snowed almost every in winter. The ground was always c 8 with a lot of snow. We often made s 9 together.
Now I am b 10 in China, but I miss them so much. I will never forget my happy memories of this visit to Moscow.
初中英语易混短语集锦
I.say ,speak,talk,tell的区别：
say一般作及物动词用，着重说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词，代
词或宾语从句。
eg: He can say his name. 他会说他的名字。
Please say it in English. 请用英语用。
She`s saying ,Don`t draw on the wall.她在说“别在墙上画”。
▲speak强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容。作及物动词时，常以某种
语言作宾语。作不及物动词时，常见的搭配形式有：
speak of something/somebody谈到某事（某人）speak to sb 跟某
人讲话，此外speak还可用于在较为正式的场合了表演讲或演说。
Can you speak Japanese? 你会说日语吗？
She is speaking to her teacher. 她正在跟她的老师说话。
He spoke at the meeting yesterday. 他昨天在会上讲了话。
▲talk 一般为不及物动词，意思是“交谈，谈话，着重强调两具之间的
相互说话。
eg: She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露茜用英语交谈。
What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么？
The teacher is talking to him. 老师正在和他谈话。
▲tell常作及物动词，意为“讲述，告诉，动词常跟双宾语。
tell sb sth＝tell sth to sb告诉某人某事。eg: He is telling the children a story.
他正在给孩子们讲一个故事。
Did you tell her the news?＝Did you tell the news to her? 你把这个消息告诉她了吗？
II.spend/cost/pay/take
(1)spend的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：
（sb）spend some money/some time on sth.
(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如：
I spent fifty yuan on the coat.
= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。
He spent three days on the work.
= He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天。
(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是：
It takes/took sb.some time to do sth＝Sth.takes sb.some time. 例如：
It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses.
画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。
The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间。
(3) pay为“付款、赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，往往是sb. pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如：
I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣。
He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他买药已付医生50英镑。
How much did you pay him? 你付他多少钱？
(4) cost的主语必须是某物。spend … on sth．/in doing sth．的主语必须是人。pay … for 的主语也是人。It takes + sb．+ 时间（或钱）to do sth．的主语则必须是形式主语It。动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money。
如：The dictionary cost me ￡ 20.
III. arrive 、reach、get to
析〕arrive为不及物动词，当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词in，而到达较小的地方时则用at, 如：
arrive如上所述是不及物动词，而reach则是及物动词。如：How did you reach the school this morning? 而get可用作不及物动词，作"到达"讲时其后面多与to连用。如：When did
〔误〕
〔正〕
〔正〕
〔误〕He arrived in the school at 11∶
〔正〕 He arrived at the school at 11∶00.
arrive in 接时间段arrive in two hours 两小时内到达
arrive at 接具体时间点arrive at 2 o'clock 两点到达
reach 接地点reach china 到中国有已经到达的含义
get to 接地点类似于reach
got to 接地点与reach不同的是有准备去的意味
IV.有关make的几点解释
1. 做;制造;建造
Mary made a paper boat. 玛丽做了一只纸船。
2. 作出(某种举动)
I didn't make any promise. 我没有作出任何承诺。
3. 使得;使...做..
The news made John irritable. 这消息使约翰烦躁不安。
His jokes made us all laugh. 他的笑话把我们都逗笑了。
4. 到达;赶上
We just made the last bus. 我们正好赶上末班公交车。
5. 获得,挣得;赢得
He makes $1,000 a month. 他每月挣一千元。
6. 认为;估计,推算
I make the distance ten miles. 这段距离我估计是十英里。
7. 总计;等于
One hundred centimeters make one meter. 一百厘米等于一米。
8. 构成;组成
A car is made up of many different parts. 汽车是由许多不同的零件组成的。
make作为及物动词，有一种特殊用法，即“使役用法”，在表示“使（要）某人（事物）做什么（怎么样）”时，它除了要有一个“宾语”之外，还要求宾语后面带上一个宾语补足语，整个句子才能完整，这种“宾语＋宾语补足语”是英语简单句的五种基本句型之一，同学们一定要掌握好。
可作宾语补足语的词或词组有：
1、动词原形，即不带to的动词不定式，如：He made me stay with him。他让我和他在一起。How did Ling Feng make the baby stop crying?凌风是怎样使婴儿停止啼哭的？
2、形容词（词组）如：This made all the street as light as day. 这使整条街道亮如白昼。He tried to make them happy. 他设法使他们高兴。It'll made me so happy. 这件事可使我如此高兴。
3、名词（词组）如：I would make you king over the earth.我会让你做国王统治世界。He made her his wife.他娶她为妻。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只有工作没有娱乐使杰克脑子极为迟纯。（只工作不学习，聪明的孩子也变傻）。
4、有时可用介词短语。如：He asked us to make ourselves at home. 他要我们不要拘束。
5、过去分词如：What make him so frightened?是什么原因令他如此害怕？
用在被动是有两种形式
一是be made to do
make:是使役动词,后跟随动词原形,但在被动语态中,它后面得跟to do形式.
二是Make +p.p
I speak loudly to make myself heard.
V. 有关look的短语及应用
look around 四下里看, 环顾; 仔细观察; 全面调查
look for 寻找
look after 照看, 照管
look as if [though]
看起来好象, 似乎是
look at 看, 查看
look forward to 盼望, 期待
look here [口]喂; 听我说(唤起注意)
look ill (人)看上去有病; 看上去不漂亮; (物)不美观，(事情)显得很糟; 看来不妙
look into 向...的里面看, 窥视; 浏览
look like 看起来象
look out 向外望，注意, 当心, 小心, 警惕
look over 医生（给病人）查看; 过目
look through 从头看完, 透视，审核, 查看，温习
look towards 朝...看; (房子)面朝;
look up 查阅(字典, 资料)
look well 看起来健康[漂亮]; (情况)显得不错
帮教训练：
1.When will the train ___ there?
A.reach
B. get to
C.arrive at
D.arrive in
2.Who was th first one__? A to reach Bto arrive C to get to D to arrive at
3.He is the first one____.A.to arrive in B.to reach C.to arrive D.to get to.
4.When does the train __ the station?A.arrive at B.get toC. Reach
5.I don't know_____.A when the train wil reach B when the train will arrive
6.When will Mr,Green _____?A.get to B.reach C.arrive D.arrive in
7.They arrived ___ London___ a cold winter night.
A.at, in
B.in, on
C.at, on
D.in, at
8.Those foreign visitors ___ our city the day before yesterday.
A.arrived
B.reached
C.reached to
D.got in
9. Can you ___why you are always late?A.tell B. say C. speak D. Talk
10.Can you ____ something about how to use the computer?
A.tell
B.say
C.speak
D.talk
11.I can't hear you ,please_________it in English. A.tell B.talk C.say D.speak
12.We ____ so much about you every day. A. say B. tell C. speak D.talk
13. Can you ____them in English A.say B. Speak C.talk D. Tell
14. John,can you ___it in Japanese A.say B.speak C.talk D.tell
15. please ___ it out in English .A tell B speak C talk D say
16. Can he ______these words in English? A、say B、talk C、tell D、speak
17. when you speak English, you must make yourself________.
A:understand B:understood
18.He____a mistake and I told him to______exercise again.
A.made,do
B.made,did
C.makes,do
D.made,does
19.He_____business in australia and______a lot of money.
A.do,make
B.does,made
C.did,makes
20.I know you are___your best but you are not___very much progress
A.doing，make
B.do,making
C.doing,making
21.After I had______the beds,i went out and____some shopping.
A.made,do
B.make,do
C.made,did
D.make,did
22.If you don’t know the new word, you can______ in the dictionary.
A.look it out
B.look up it
C.look it up
D.look it out
23.The boy is too young to _______himself.
A.look over
B.look out
C.look after
D.look for
24.He lost his new pen and he _______it
A.looking for
B.finding
C.is looking for
D.is finding
25.The twins ______the same.
A.looks
B.look
C.look like
D.looks like
代词 例句： 1、主格=主语：表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。 I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student.They are students. 2、宾格=宾语：表示动作行为的对象。 Give me . I love you . 物主代词是表示：“～的”和“～的东西”的意思。 例：这是我的书包”：This is my schoolbag. 这里的 my 是一个形容词性物主代词，它只是作一个形容词用，后面必须再跟一个具体表示某个东西的名词，这里就是这个 schoolbag（书包）。 而“那个书包是我的 That schoolbag is mine. 这里的 mine 就是一个名词性物主代词，它的后面不能再有其它的名词。
人称代词及物主代词用法 实例讲解： 一、①第一行都是人称代词主格如：(我）am a teacher。 （我们）can play football. ②如果是问句，则放在助动词、be 动词或情态动词后面。 如：Are （你）a student？ Do（他们）play football？ Can （他）walk？ 二、第二行都是人称代词宾格，放在动词或介词后。 如：Let me give （她） some sweets. Would you like to go with （我）？ 三、第三行是形容词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后面必须是名词。 如：This is （我的） potato. That is （你的） tomato. 四、第四行是名词性物主代词。名词性物主代词后面不用带名词，可以单独 使用。 如:This potato is （我的）. That tomato is（你的）. 【练习】 一. 单项选择。 ( ) 1. Don’t worry about your broken pen. You can use . (09 ft东青岛) A. my B. mine C. yours D. myself ( ) 2. This is desk. Mine is over there. (09 桂林) A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself ( ) 3. ---Do you know Alice? (09 杭州) ---Yes. I know very well.
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
代词： 1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、 疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2 1I often go shopping on Sundays. 购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪 儿去了？)/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他！) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年 谁教你们的英语？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给 他写信) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可 以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？)–It’s I/me.(是我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况” 等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词 或者名词性从句。如：--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样？)—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦？)–It’s 12：00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他 三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的) 3 Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？) / I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经 常在星期天去看望阿姨) / They are their books.(是他们的书) 2、名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主 语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如： This is your cup,but where is mine?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？)/ Your
专题讲解二：代词考点一：人称代词，物主代词和反身代 三种人称：第一人称（I, we），第二人称（you, you），第三人称（he, she, it, they） 人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称 单数复数单数复数单数复数主格I We you you he she it they 宾格me us you you him her it them 物主代词 (形容词性) my our yours yours his her its their 物主代词 (名词性) mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 反身代词myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself hersel f itself themselve s 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+n This is my book.= This is mine. Is that her book? Yes, it’s hers. 专项训练一： 1.Jack will come and join ________in the game. https://www.doczj.com/doc/3216861541.html, B.we C. our D.ours 2.The news skirt is for ________,Mary. A.she B.her C. you D.yours 3.We can find a way to relax _______from time to time. A.we B.our C. ours D.ourselves 4.Mary is a close friend of _________. A.mine B.me C. my D.I 5.Most of _______are League members. A.they B.them C. their D.theirs 6.Miss Smith teaches ________English. A.we B.our https://www.doczj.com/doc/3216861541.html, D.ours 7.Help________to some apples and bananas, boys and girls. A.you B.yours C.yourself D.yourselves 8.David and _______family are planning to take a trip to China for _______holiday. A.his;his B.her;theirs C.his;their D.him;their 9._________is possible to pass the driving test if he practices a lot. A.He B.It C.This D.That 10.Yesterday _________enjoyed ________while playing football. A.he,you and I ;ourselves B.you,he and I ;ourselves C.I,you and he ;yourselves D.you,he and I；themselves 考点二．指示代词：this，these，that，those 1.This和these 通常指近处的人或物，常与here连用；而that和those则通常指远处的人或物，常
中考英语人称代词用法讲解 一、中考英语人称代词概述 代词是用来代替名词或名词词组的词，它的主要作用是为了避免重复。因此，在使用时必须在人称、数、性和格上与它们所替代的词保持一致。 Eg1. Mr. Wang is our English teacher. He is the most popular teacher in our school. His students admire him very much. 人称代词是指主要用来指代人或物的代词，表示“我”、“我们”、“你”、“你们”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“他们”、“她们”、“它们”等。人称代词有三个人称，每个人称又分为单数和复数、主格、宾格和所有格、以及反身代词等多种形式。 二、中考英语人称代词主格代词 主格代词在句中作主语。 Eg2. I am your English teacher. He is your Chinese teacher. She is your math teacher. We are all your teachers. You are our student. They are your classmates. 三、中考英语人称代词宾格代词 宾格代词在句中用作宾语，包括介词宾语。 Eg3. Please come to help us. Eg4. Do not touch me. Eg5. Don’t interrupt her. Eg6. Please pass this cup of tea to him. 四、中考英语人称代词代词的所有格 所有格用来表示所用关系，说明物品的主人是谁。代词的所有格分为名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词两种。 1．形容词性物主代词的用法 形容词性物主代词在句中作定语，其后必须跟名词才能在句中使用。形容词性物主代词在句中起相当于形容词的功能。 Eg7. My car is made in Germany. Eg8. Is this your bag? Eg9. His father is famous as a doctor. Eg10. Their parents work in our country. 2．名词性物主代词的用法 名词性物主代词后不跟名词，可单独使用。它们在句中可做主语，宾语和表语。名词性物主代词在句中起相当于名词的功能。 Eg11. ---Whose computer is this? ---It is mine. (mine在句中作表语) Eg12. ---Is this Lucy’s bike?---No. Hers is smaller than this one. (Hers 在句中作主语) Eg13. ---Oh, my god! I forgot to take my English book. --- Use mine, Please. (mine在句中作宾语) 3．典型题典 1).用所给提示词的适当物主代词填空： Eg14.This isn’t _______ (他)pen. It’s ______(我) pen. ______(我) is black. _______(他) is white. 2). 单项选择：下面这道题共有几项是错误的? 是哪几个选项？
代词 ①单项选择。（人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和疑问代词） 1. ____ is she? She's a nurse. A. Who B. Where C. Which D. What 2. ____ is Tom like? Oh, he's short. A. Which B. Who C. What D. Whom 3. ____ cap is that? A. Who's B. Who C. Whose D. Where 4. ____ is no use telling him about that. A. This B. That C. These D. It 5. The three men, Bob, Joe and ____ met at the station. A. I B. me C. her D. you 6. ____ have been to Paris. A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You, he and me 7. My brother is so young that he can't take care of ____ . A. him B. herself C. himself D. his 8. The young teacher teaches ____ politics. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourself 9. Our work is not so good as ____ . A. him B. he C. his D. he's 10. Has Jack got the money? Yes, I gave ____ yesterday. A .to him them B. to him if C. him them D. it to him 11. How hard ____ works! A. we B .him C. he D. his 12. Won't you let ____ help you? A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me D. my friend and I to 13. He asked the three men, Bob, Joe and ____ to be ready. A. I B. himself C. me D. herself 14. All my classmates are going to the Summer Palace except ____ . A. he and I B. he and me C. him and I D. him and me 15. Go ____ to ____! A. here, us B. there, they C. there, them D. here, we 16. The moon is shining brightly tonight .____ is like a round plate. A. Its B. He C. She D. They 17. He is as tall as ____ . A. she B. her C. him D. himself 18. If I were ____ , I would take the advice. A. she B. her C. he D. his 19. Open the door. please? It's ____ . A. I B. my C. mine D. me
代词 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词。 一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、 "我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：数单数复数 格主格宾格主格宾格 第一人称I me we us 第二人称you you you you he him they them 第三人称she her they them it it they them 如：He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 It‘s me. 是我。 二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人物和数的变化见下表。 数单数复数 人称第一第二第三第一第二第三 人称人称人称人称人称人称 形容词性my your his/her its our your/their 物主代词 名词性mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs
物主代词 如：I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here，and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。 三、指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this，that，these，those等。 如：That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。 四、表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为"反身代词"。 如：She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 解密物主代词
初中英语语法专项习题—代词一、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 温馨提示：考查人称代词时，该词谓语动词前用主格形式，在行为动词和介词后则用宾格形式，而在名词前应该用形容词性物主代词，如果物主代词后省略了被修饰的名词，就用名词性物主代词。在考题中如果有“亲自、独自、自己”等含义，或出现一些由by等连接的固定搭配时，则用反身代词。 1. 人称代词 人称代词用来指人、动物或事物的代词，分为主格和宾格。主格作主语，宾格作宾语。 小试牛刀： ( ) 1 Though it rained heavily, _______ were still playing on the playground. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves ( ) 2 Tom and _______ will go to see our teacher, for ________ is ill. A. I; she B. me; she C. I; her D. me; her ( ) 3 Only_________know it. A. I and he B. he and you C. he and I D. I and you ( ) 4 I saw ________ playing in the street at that time. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs ( ) 5 Jim will give _________ a short talk tomorrow. A. we B. us C. our D. ours
初中英语代词专项训练及答案 一、初中英语代词 1．The room is empty. I can't find ______________ in it. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：房间是空的。我在里面找不到任何人。A某人，B没人，C任何人，根据empty可知，空房间里没有人，not+anybody=nobody，故选C。 【点评】考查代词辨析，注意not+anybody=nobody的用法。 2．Here we can learn ____ every day. A. new something B. something new C. new everything D. anything new 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：在这里我们每天都能学到新的东西。something，anything，everything都是不定代词，形容词new修饰不定代词时要放在被修饰词的后面，排除A与C；又因此句是肯定句，要用something，故选B。 【点评】考查不定代词的基本用法。注意anything用在否定句与疑问句中，something用在肯定句中。 3．—Does the pink toy piggy belong to __________? —No. __________ is a purple one. A. hers; Hers B. her; Hers C. her; Her 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——这只粉色的小猪玩具属于她吗？——不，她的是一只紫色的。A. hers; Hers名词性物主代词，名词性物主代词；B. her; Hers人称代词宾格，名词性物主代词；C. her; Her人称代词宾格，人称代词宾格。第一空作宾语，表示"某人"，应该用人称代词；第二空作主语，表示"某人的某物"，应该用名词性物主代词，故答案选B。 【点评】考查人称代词代词和名词性物主代词，注意识记人称代词代词和名词性物主的用法。 4．— What kind of books do you like? —I like the books are about powerful and successful people. A. that B. who C. whom D. whose 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你喜欢什么样的书？——我喜欢那些关于有权势和成功人士的书。A：that 没有词义，关系代词，作主语或宾语；B：who谁，作主语或宾语；C：whom谁，宾格，用在介词之后；D：whose谁的，作定语；由句子结构可知，是定语从句，先行词books，指物，在参加中作主语，要用关系代词that。故选A。 【点评】考查关系代词的辨析。理解关系代词的用法，根据句子结构，选择正确的关系代词。
（英语）初中英语代词专题训练答案 一、初中英语代词 1．Cormorants can swim well under the water___________ large feet enable to ___________move quickly through the water. A. Theirs; themselves B. Their; them C. They; themselves D. They; them 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：鸬鹚能在水下游得很好，它们的大脚能使它们在水中快速移动。theirs它们的，名词性物主代词，不能修饰名词；themselves它们自己，反身代词；their 它们的，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词；them它们，宾格，作宾语；they它们，主格，做 主语。feet脚，名词，所以用形容词性物主代词their修饰；enable sth. to do sth.能使某物 做某事，固定搭配，sth.用宾格，所以用them，故选B。 【点评】考查代词辨析，注意平时识记其区别，根据关键词和短语确定。 2．My grandparents still live in that old village the local government has decided to keep. A. which B. where C. when D. what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我的祖父母们仍然住在那个当地政府已经决定了保留的旧村庄。 通过分析句子成分可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是old village指物，要用关系代词which来引导，故选A。 【点评】考查定语从句，注意选择正确的关系代词。 3．—I'm sorry I made some mistakes in my exam. —It doesn't matter. ________ makes mistakes. A. Somebody B. None C. Everybody D. Nobody 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——对不起，我在考试中犯了一些错。——没关系。每个人都会 出错。Somebody某人，none没有人，everybody每个人，nobody没有人。根据It doesn't matter可知，对于考试犯错是没有关系的，因此表示每个人都会出错，故答案选C。 【点评】考查代词，everybody每个人。 4．Whenever you have trouble, you can ask your parents for help and don't keep ________ to yourself. A. them B. it C. its D. him 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：你无论何时有麻烦，都可以向父母求助，不要把它留给自己。them它们，it它，its它的，him他，此处代指前面的trouble用代词it，故选B。 【点评】考查物主代词，注意识记物主代词指代上文提到的事物这一用法。 5．Jack couldn't buy the gift because there was very _____________ money left in his pocket.
代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。 （5）用物指代词填空 1. I own（拥有）that cat; that cat is ____ . 2. You own that cat: that cat is ____ .
代词 【是什么】 1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法； 2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法； 3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法； 4 常见不定代词的一般用法； 5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法； 6. 相互代词的基本用法； 7. 疑问代词的基本用法。 8. 关系代词的基本用法。 【知识点】 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 一. 人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： ---Whos is knocking at the door? ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is older than I am. 二. 物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） --- Is this English-book yours? （作表语） --- No. Mine is in my bag. I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语） 三. 指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil． We are busy these days． In those days the workers had a hard time． 2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. That's why I didn't come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai． 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 四. 反身代词 英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己" 等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。
代词专项训练 一、用括号中人称代词的适当形式填空。 1. This is my uncle. We often visit ________ (he). 2. ________(we) math teacher is very kind to us. 3. What day is ________(it) today? 4. My coat is blue. The red one doesn't belong to ________(I). 5. These new shoes are so nice. I like ________(they) very much. 6. My cousin is a lovely girl. So I love ________(she) very much. 7. Let's ask Jane. ________(she) is very clever. 8. Our school uniforms are more beautiful than ___________(they). 9. Hello, Sandy. What are ___________(you) doing now? 10. The monkey is putting the apple into ___________(it) mouth. 11. This dictionary is not Gina's. ___________(she) is on her desk. 12. Where is my English book? ___________(I) can't find it. 13. ___________(I) bag is on the desk. 14. Their Chinese teacher is a woman and________(we) is a man. 15. My name is Ann. What's ___________(you)? 16. ___________(we) classroom is brighter than ___________(they). 二、根据句意，用适当的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词填空。 1. Mary works in a book store. ___________likes ___________ work very much. 2. Please help ___________ to the fruit, my friends! 3. --This is my ruler. Where is ___________?--Mine is on the desk. 4. She is a friend of ___________. We got to know each other two years ago. 5. This little boy is not old enough to dress ___________. 6. I have many friends. Some of ___________ are good at English. 7. Everybody is here except Ann and ___________ friend Jane. ___________are in library now. 8. I'd like to do the cooking __________ because I enjoy __________ own cooking . 9. I can wash the clothes by ___________. 10. It's a strange bird. Do you know ___________ name? 11. She is a teacher. ___________ name is Gao Hui. 12. --Can you leave your children at home alone? --Yes. They can take care of ___________ now. 13. Kate has a knife like this one. I think it is ___________. 14. My sister is old enough to dress ___________. 三、根据句意，选择适当的不定代词填空。 选择some, any, something, anything填空。
代词的用法(一)-----人称/物主/指示代词 I. 人称代词:人称代词又分为主格和宾格形式.主格通常做主语。宾格通常做动词或介词的宾语. Eg: a. I’m a nurse. b.Could you help me ? c.Mum often takes us to the park on Sunday. d.It’s a cat. We call it “ Mimi.” e.Who knows him ? f.They are going to the cinema with her. II. 物主代词又分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词. 形容词性的物主代词:相当于形容词,后面要跟名词,指定名词的所属对象. 名词性的物主代词:相当于一个名词,必须单独使用，后面不能再跟名词. Eg: a. Your school is small, mine is big.(=my book) b. This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.(=your pen) c. whose book is that ? It’s hers. (=her book) d. Their classroom is on the second floor. Ours is on the third floor.(=our classroom) e. Her bike is black. His is grey. Mine is blue.(=his bike, my bike) g.Those aren’t our books. Ours are on the floor. Those books are their.(=our /their books ) *人称代词划线,常用who (宾格可用whom)提问.物主代词划线常用whose提问。