academia 学术界
ambiguous 不明确的
collaborative 协作的、合作的conviction 坚定的信仰或主张
foster 培养、促进、助长
mitigate 缓和、减轻
outshine 优于······、使······黯然失色perception 看法、认识
prioritize 使……优先
prospective 预期的、未来的、可能的transition 过渡、转变
act on 按······行事
count on 指望
pep talk 鼓舞士气的讲话
put one’s neck on the line 冒险
stand out 突出、显眼commemorate 纪念、庆祝
exquisite 精致的
facet （性格、情况等的）一个方面renowned 著名的
bid farewell to 告别
partake of 吃、喝urge······on 激励（人）、鞭策（动物）accommodate 迎合、迁就
bolster 改进
elusive 难以表述的、难懂的
frenzied 狂乱的、疯狂的、异常激动的impair 削弱、损害、损伤
liaison 密切的联系，关系
mundane 平凡的、平淡的
myriad 无数的、不计其数的obsessive 着迷的
prerequisite 必备条件、先决条件、前提
reminisce 缅怀往事、追忆往事
retard 阻碍、减缓
culminate in 到······高峰、最终达到deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺
adept 熟练的
adherent 信徒、追随者、拥护者
align 排成一线
disciplined 训练的、遵守纪律的indicator 指示物
innovator 创新者meditation 默念、默想、冥想、打坐nominal （金额）极小的、微不足道的、象征性的
prestigious 有声望的、有威信的prevalent 流行的、普遍的
reimburse 偿还
reiterate 反复地说、重申
stamina 持久力、耐力、毅力strenuous 艰苦的、要花功夫的
tout 赞扬、吹捧
alteration变动、改变
covet觊觎、垂涎、贪求
desecrate亵渎
deviate背离、偏离
disposition性情、性格
endeavor尝试、努力
engross使非常感兴趣、使全神贯注indestructible不可摧毁的、坚不可摧的knavish无赖似的、人品不正的obliterate 忘却、抹去
unfold展现、逐渐呈现
unsavory令人不快的、令人厌恶的
be a far cry from 与……大不相同atthe peril of 冒着丧失（或伤害）……的危险
hold to 遵循、坚持
benchmark 基准
benign 无害的、良性的
daring 鲁莽的
emeritus 保留头衔的、荣誉退休的malign 有害的harmful
mandate 命令、指示
maneuver 熟练的动作
mantra （非正式）常用的老话negotiate 顺利通过、成功越过perverse 任性的、不合情理的、一意孤行的
reckless 轻率的、鲁莽的、不顾危险的redistribute 再分配、再分发
skeptic 怀疑论者
sober 未喝醉的、清醒的
visceral 内心深处的
at the mercy of 任由某人摆布
black and white 是非分明的
be bound to 很有可能、肯定会takesth. into account 考虑
to boot 并且、加之
Unit 1
Mitigate--alleviate 减轻、减缓
Prospective--expected 预期的、意料之中的
Outshine--surpassed 胜过、优于
Initiate--originate 引起、创作
Transition--transfer v.转变
Mobilize--organize 组织
Conviction--belief 信仰、信念
Ambiguity--vagueness n.不明确、含糊
Assets--advantage n.优点、优势
Perception --response n.看法、认知
Foster--encourage v.培养、促进
Collaborate--cooperate v.合作、协作
1.“It is an educated guess”, says my hiring manager client. Your job as a future employee
is to help the hiring manager mitigate （考词）that risk. You need to help them identify you as a prospective“key player”
这是一种很有根据的猜测，我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工，你的工作就是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为核心员工。
2.Many postdocs and grad students have a tough time showing that they can make this
transition(考词) because so much of their life has involved playing the independent-researcher role and outshining other young stars.
3.Failure is important because it shows that you were not afraid to take chances.
4. It deserves repeating because it is the single most public difference between academia and industry. The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out.
它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。
5 To suddenly be valued and measured by your mastery of human relationships can be a very scary proposition for a person who has been valued and measured only by his mastery of things.
6. This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can
think fast and have the courage to act on their convictions. This requirement needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.
这样不仅对那些行动迅速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。
7. I asked him about this key trait because in his new business role, interpersonal abilities make the difference between success and failure.
我向他咨询这个重要特征，是因为在他的新业务角色中，人际沟通能力在成功和失败之间发挥着很大的作用。
8.Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.
每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活干好。
9.The business environment is less lone wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out. You just can not succeed in an industry environment without this mindset.
企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了，在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。
Unit 2
Fare --food 食物
Moderate--mild adj.温和的
Far-reaching--widespread adj.深远的、范围广的
Authentic--genuine adj.正宗的纯种的
Diverse--varied adj.多种多样的
Streaky--fatty adj.五花肉、肥肉
Commemorate--honor v.纪念
Lingering--continuing v.徘徊、逗留
Humility--modesty n.谦卑
Wronged--treated unjustly 被误解、误会
1. Chinese cuisine is a brilliant facet of Chinese culture, which is proven by the fact that Chineserestaurants are found scattered everywhere throughout the world.
中国美食是中国文化一道绚烂的风景线，这点从世界各地随处可见的中餐馆可以窥见。
2. It is widely acknowledged that from the Ming (1368-1644) dynasties onwards, there are eight major schools of cuisine based on regional cooking.
众所周知，明朝以来出现了来自不同地区的八大菜系。
3. The names of Chinese dishes are diverse, but behind each of the famous dishes is an interesting story explaining why it is popular.
中国菜名五花八门，而每道名菜都有一段有趣的故事，讲述着它是如何博得人们的喜爱。
4. It is the eyes of Chinese, what is important about eating, especially at festivals, is to eat in a warm atmosphere.
在中国人看来，吃最重要的，尤其在过节时，莫过于吃饭时的温馨气氛。
5. Such culinary customs have had a certain influence on the character of the Chinese people. 这种饮食习俗对中国人的性格也有几分影响。
6. At a party or a banquet, everyone first takes into consideration the needs of the group; with the eating process also being a time to show humility and concern for others.
无论在聚会还是在宴席上，人们首先考虑大家的需求，把吃饭当成是谦卑有礼和关怀他人的场合。
Unit 4
Insightful--perceptive adj.有深刻见解的
Demanding--exacting v.要求、苛求
Obsessive--compulsive adj.令人着迷的
Commitment--fidelity n.承诺、许诺
Yearning--desire adj.欲望、渴望
Possessive--jealous adj.所有的、占有欲的
Disillusionment--disenchantment n.幻灭、醒悟
Myriad--numerous adj.不明确的、无限期的
Shape--form v.形成
1. The family is usually our earliest and most important source of love and emotional support.
家庭通常是我们最早和最重要的爱和情感支持的来源。
2. Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults.
很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感联系。
3. I never loved another person the way I loved myself.我从没有像爱自己那样爱过别人。
4. According to a nine-year-old boy, for example, “Love is like an avalanche where you have to run for your life.” What we mean by love depends on whether we are talking about love for family members.
比如一个九岁男孩说：爱就像雪崩，你只有快跑才能逃离。爱对于我们来说意味着什么，这取决于我们指的是家人之间、朋友之间还是恋人之间的爱。（父母对小孩的爱让叛逆期的小孩想要逃离）
5. Many researchers feel that love defies a single definition.（难以描述）
许多研究者认为爱没有唯一的定义。
6. At the very least, three elements are necessary for a loving relationship: (1) willingness to please and accommodate the other person, even if this involves compromise and sacrifice;
(2) an acceptance of the other person’s faults and shortcomings; and (3) as much concern about the loved one’s welfare as one’s own.
拥有恋爱关系至少需要具备三个元素：1)愿意取悦和迁就另一方，即使需要妥协或牺牲；2)能接受另一方的错误和缺点；3)关心爱人的幸福像关心自己一样。
7. People who say they are “in love” emphasize caring, intimacy, and commitment.
说自己“处于恋爱中”的人们重视相互之间的关心、亲密和忠诚。
commit
献身于[专心致力于,倾心于] […][to]：He committed himself to socialism.
犯<罪、过错等>~ a crime
8. Respect is inherent in all love. (……是……的内在属性)
相互尊重是所有爱的共同属性。
9. Because of these images, many people believe a variety of myths (误解) about love. These misconceptions(误解) often lead to unrealistic expectations, stereotypes（千篇一律）, and disillusionment.
10. We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are “filtered out”by formal rules on partner eligibility due to factors such as age, race, distance, social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance.
我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性爱、健康或外貌在内的这样正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局。（be eligible for）
Unit 5
Establishment--setup n.建立、成立
Facet--aspect n.方面
Prevalent--common adj.普遍的、流行的
Estimate--judge v.估计、判断
Claim--state v.宣称、表明
Flourish--grow well v.繁荣、活跃
Occasionally--sometimes 有时
Commission--contract v.签约、订约
Prestigious--admired adj.受人尊敬的、有影响的
Reimburse--pay v.偿还
Component--Part n.组分、部分
Flexibility--ability to make changes n.灵活性
Self-discipline --self control自律
1.Yoga originated in ancient India and is one of the longest surviving philosophical
systems in the world. Some scholars have estimated that Yoga is as old as 5,000 years;
artifacts detailing（描述）yoga postures have been found in India from over 3,000 B.C. 瑜伽起源于古印度，是世界上最古老的哲学体系之一。一些学者估计瑜伽已经有5000年的历史了；印度曾经出土过3000年前表现瑜伽手势的手工艺品。
2.There has since been a vast exchange of yoga knowledge in America, with many
students going to India to study and many Indian experts coming here to teach, resulting in the establishment of a wide variety of schools.
从此瑜伽的知识在美国传播开来，许多学徒专门去印度学习，很多瑜伽教室也来美国教学，创办了大量的瑜伽学校。
3. A recent Roper poll, commissioned (考词：委托) by Yoga Journal, found that……..
4.The benefits of yoga are being touted(考词：吹捧) by the move stars.
注意：advocate-touted鼓吹，吹捧
5.many prestigious schools 许多知名大学
6.The two most prevalent (流行的)ones are Iyengar and Ashtanga yoga.
Justice will prevail. 正义终究战胜邪恶。
7.Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the
most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady.
根据瑜伽师和派别的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来异常辛苦，而另一些却只是在呼吸和
心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。
8.It is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many.
这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一
9.Yoga is usually best learned from a yoga teacher or physical therapist, but yoga is
simple enough that one can learn the basics from good books on the subject, which are plentiful.
能像瑜伽老师或者健身教练学习瑜伽是再好不过了，但因为瑜伽入门简单，所以也可以从大量的介绍瑜伽的正规书籍中自学它的基本动作。
10.Many YMCAs, colleges, and community health organizations offer beginning yoga
classes as well, often for nominal(考词) fees.
许多地方的基督青年会，大学和社区健康组织都会开办瑜伽课，通常只是象征性的收取一点费用. Nominal power 名义上的权
11. The basic positions can increase a person’s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many.
练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。12. Yoga can also provide the same benefits as any well-designed exercise program, increasing general health and stamina（耐力）, reducing stress, and improving those conditions brought about by sedentary（埋头工作）lifestyles.
瑜伽还能带来和精心设计的练习一样的效果，使人增强体质、焕发活力，并帮助人们舒缓压力和久坐带来的疲劳。
13. Meditation has been much studied and approved for its benefits in reducing stress related conditions.研究表明，冥想能帮助人们缓解压力。
14. Yoga is not a competitive sport; it does not matter how a person does in comparison with others, but how aware and disciplined one becomes with one’s own body and limitation.
瑜伽不是竞技体育；练瑜伽不需要和别人比，练瑜伽的目的是提高自己的觉悟和身心自律能力。
15. Yoga is also a very accessible form of exercise.
瑜伽是一项很便捷的运动。
16. The mental component of yoga is just as important as the physical postures. Concentration and awareness of breath should not be neglected. Yoga should be done with an open, gentle, and non-critical mind. When one stretches into a yoga position, it can be
thought of an accepting and wording on one’s limits.
做瑜伽时，身体和精神一样重要，要注意集中精力去感受呼吸。练习时必须心胸开阔、平和。当你伸展肢体做每一个瑜伽动作时，你就是在接收挑战去达到自己的极限。17. However, ongoing research in top medical schools is showing yoga’s effectiveness for overall health and for specific problems, making it an increasingly acceptable health practice.
然而，越来越多的来自顶尖医学院的研究结果表明，瑜伽对全身健康和特殊病症都有好处，这也使越来越多的人接受这项健康的运动。
18. Impatience, self-criticism and comparing oneself to others will not help in this process of self-knowledge. While performing the yoga of breathing and meditation, it is best to have an experienced teacher, as these powerful techniques can cause dizziness and discomfort when done improperly.
不耐烦、自责和与他人相比都不利于这一过程中自我认识的实现。当练习呼吸法和冥想法时，最好由经验丰富的瑜伽师来指导。因为一旦练习不当，这些技巧性很强的动作会使人感到头晕不适。
Unit 7
Stalling--delaying v.拖延
Pending--waiting for 等待
Turn out--become 变成、转变
At his disposal --under his control 在...控制之下
Down on his lucky --suffering from bad luck 遭受不幸
Slump --decline 减少、大幅下降
Soared--increased 增加、增长
Skimped--did without 节省、克扣、少用、省吃俭用
The dole--welfare 幸福、繁荣、福利
Eligible for aid --able to get help 合适
1.The basic nature of human beings does not and can’t change. It is only the surface that
is capable of alteration（改变）, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people’s customs, manners, dress and habits.
人类的本性不会也不能改变，只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升，我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。
2.Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that
indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life.
人性是性格、气质和性情的基础。性格正是基于这牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质形式存在，并将它保留终生。
3.Apologies are in order when Smith is mistaken for Jone.
Be in order 适宜，合适的
如果有人把史密斯误认成Jone就应该道歉。
4.Every man unfolds a distinct character over which circumstances and education have
only the most limited control.(注意句式)
每个人都表现出一种与众不同的性格，而环境和教育对性格的影响都及其有限。
5.No two people will ever draw the same conclusions from the same experiences, but
each must interpret events and fit them into the mosaic of his own life’s pattern.
两个人从相同的经历中也不会得出相同的结论，但是两个人会各自分析这个事情并将他们融入到自己丰富的生活模式中去。
6.Each holds to the structure of the mold into which the soul was cast at the time of its
individualization.
一个人独特的个性和他的天性在出生时就已经形成，并且不会改变。
7.But nothing can permanently modify them, nothing can obliterate (忘却)them.
但是没有什么能永久的改变他们，也没有什么能把他们抹去。
8.This is why it is so difficult for one who has acquired an unsavory reputation to
re-estabish himself in public confidence.(老师当时说一定会考！！！)
这就是为什么恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。
9.Therefore while it is impossible to change human nature, it can be studied, controlled
and directed, and this should be the supreme function of our religious, educational and social institutions.
而且虽然人性是不可能改变的，但是人们可以研究它，控制它和引导它，而且这应该是我们的宗教机构、教育机构和社会机构的最高职能。
10.Man’s inherent goodness, moreover, is revealed by his countless acts of heroism,
unselfishness and sacrifice,
人类固有的优点还体现在不计其数的英雄主义行为，充满无私和牺牲精神的举动上。
11.Human nature does not and can’t change, but unfolds its inherent pattern. Man has a
nature and its laws can be known. Wan can only endeavor to understand man as he is, 人性不会也不能改变，它只展现它固有的模式。它有天性而且这种天性的规律是可知的。我们只能尽力去了解人类的真实面貌。