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2017.3.4大二英语讲义常州新程

2017.3.4大二英语讲义常州新程
2017.3.4大二英语讲义常州新程

2017年常州新程专转本英语上课讲义3月4日基础课程

一.和转本翻译有关的英汉差异

1.形合和意合

E:语言的词语、分句以及句子借助语言形式手段(如连接词)来实现词语与句子的衔接,表达语法意义和逻辑关系。英语重形合。(竹节)

C:结构松弛,多以结构简单的单句,其彼此的逻辑关系多以句序之先后加以暗示。汉语重意合。(流水)

他不来,我就不去。

If he does not come,will not go.

冬天来了,春天还会远吗?

If winter comes,can spring be far away?

史密斯先生自己还不知道犯了什么罪,人家就把他逮捕了.

翻译启示:

2.被动和主动

中国人有‘天人合一’的观念,强调人与自然的浑然统一,因而汉语句子习惯用人做主语,英美人则较为客观,因而英语句子常以物或抽象概念做主语。例如,汉语习惯说“我见过的最美的风景之一”,主语是第一人称代词“我”,强调“人”;英语则说“It was one of the most beautiful scenery that I had ever seen.”再如,it is reported that.

My holiday afternoons were spent in ramble about the surrounding country.

It was accepted in the past that men are supposed to earn bread and butter for the family,while women are to take care of family.

翻译启示:

二.翻译的定义、标准和方法

1.定义

2.标准

3.方法

三.专转本英语考点

1.固定搭配

2.语法(从句、被动、虚拟语气等)

四.翻译实践

1.没有人知道谁应该对这个事故负责。

2.他们希望有更多机会把知识付诸于实践。

3.整天玩电脑游戏没有任何意义。

4.英语在找工作时还是很有用的。

5.他们正忙于准备期末考试。

6.约翰在全神贯注地读书,没有注意到我们进来。

7大学毕业生要学会尽快适应社会。

8如果你听了我的建议,现在就不会后悔了。

9经济对我们生活的影响太大了。

10他没能履行自己的诺言,所以他很难受。

11校车事故引起了全国人民的关注。

12我们应该在学习和兼职方面搞好平衡

13和发达国家相比,我们技术还是落后。

14只要我们多花时间这个项目上,就可以按时完成。

15让我惊奇的是,他们居然成功了。

16你真的太慷慨了,把这么多的钱捐给(donate)这些贫穷家庭。17考试前好好睡个觉还是很重要的。

18无论我们谈论什么,汤姆都想参与讨论。

19爬的越高,你看到的风景就越美。

20在医生和护士的帮助下,这个病人很快恢复了。

21这个问题太难,我们花了两个星期才解决它。

22员工因为错误而向老板道歉。

23由于交通堵塞,他没能按时达到博物馆。

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