View-Centric Reasoning for Linda and Tuple Space Computation

九省联考英语作文答案2024篇 1The key points and scoring points of the English composition answers in the Nine Provinces Joint Examination 2024 are truly remarkable! Firstly, a clear and logical structure is essential. A well-organized essay starts with a captivating introduction, followed by coherent paragraphs in the body, and ends with a powerful conclusion. Secondly, rich vocabulary and accurate grammar usage are highly valued. The use of various sentence structures, such as complex sentences and rhetorical questions, can add depth and appeal to the composition. For example, in narrative essays, vivid descriptions and emotional expressions can make the story more engaging. In argumentative essays, strong evidence and logical reasoning are crucial. Moreover, comparing the answers of previous years, we can notice a trend towards emphasizing creativity and independent thinking. How important it is to keep up with these changes and adapt our writing strategies! So, dear friends, let's strive to master these skills and excel in our English compositions!篇 2The 2024 Nine-Province Joint Examination English composition answers offer a wealth of insights! Let's take a close look at the grammar usage and vocabulary selection. In some top-scoring answers, the ingenious application of complex sentence structures is truly remarkable! For instance, the use of noun clauses and attributive clauses adds depth and sophistication to the expressions. Take the sentence "What impresses me most is the way she handles difficult situations with calmness and wisdom." Isn't it wonderful? However, in common erroneous answers, we often find grammar flaws. For example, incorrect verb tenses like "I go to school yesterday" are quite prevalent. How could such mistakes be avoided? It's essential tohave a solid grasp of grammar rules and practice regularly. The precise use of vocabulary also plays a crucial role. In outstanding answers, words like "phenomenon" and "profound" are employed accurately, enhancing the quality of the composition. Isn't that something we should all strive for?篇 3Oh my goodness! Let me tell you about the structure and logical thinking of the English composition answers in the Nine Province Joint Examination of 2024. Take the excellent answers for example. At the very beginning, they often use an attention-grabbing sentence or a thought-provoking question to draw the examiner's attention! How smart is that? In the middle part, they present their viewpoints clearly and orderly, supported by solid evidence and logical reasoning. Isn't it amazing? As for the ending, they summarize and elevate the main idea powerfully, leaving a deep impression on the readers. On the contrary, the lower-grade answers may lack a clear structure. Sometimes, they start confusingly, and the presentation of ideas in the middle is chaotic. How could they get high scores like this? So, a well-organized structure is truly crucial for a good composition. Don't you think so?篇 4Oh my goodness! The analysis of the English composition answers in the Nine Province Joint Examination is truly an eye-opener. Let's take a close look at these answers to figure out how to enhance our writing skills. For instance, we notice the wonderful expressions used in those excellent answers. To imitate them in our daily practice, we could keep a journal and try to incorporate such expressions. Also, we find that a rich vocabulary and diverse sentence structures are crucial. So, how can we achieve this? Reading widely and noting down new words and phrases is a must! Moreover, paying attention to the logic and coherence of the text in the answers teaches us to plan our writing carefully before starting. Isn't it amazing how much wecan learn from these answers? Let's make full use of them and strive for better writing!篇 5The answers to the English composition in the Nine-Province Joint Examination 2024 can be classified and summarized in various ways. Firstly, based on the theme types, they can be categorized into narrative, descriptive, argumentative and so on. For instance, narrative answers tell a story with vivid details and emotions. Descriptive ones paint a clear picture with precise words. Secondly, considering the writing styles, some answers are elegant and sophisticated, while others are simple and straightforward. Also, in terms of difficulty levels, there are those suitable for advanced learners, featuring complex sentence structures and rich vocabulary. And there are others for average or beginner students, with easier grammar and common words. Isn't it amazing how diverse these answers are? How can we make the best use of them for our improvement? Let's explore and learn!。

关于大数据中缺失的人类洞察力的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Pitfalls of Big Data: Where Human Insight Gets Lost in the NumbersWe live in the age of big data – a time when virtually every aspect of our lives is captured, quantified and crunched into staggering volumes of data points. From the videos we stream and websites we browse to our daily step counts and heart rates, we are constantly generating a tsunami of information that data analysts comb through obsessively, looking for trends and insights to exploit.The promise of big data is immense – by finding meaningful patterns in these vast data troves, we can optimize everything from product marketing to healthcare outcomes. Corporations can target consumers with pinpoint accuracy, detecting even the subtlest shifts in buying behavior. Doctors can predict disease risk and treatment efficacy with greater certitude by mining patient histories and genomic data. City planners can alleviate traffic snarls by gathering intelligence on commuting patterns.It's an enormously powerful tool that has reshaped whole industries and given rise to a new breed of technocratic elite –the data scientists who possess the rarified skills to wrangle, model and extract money-minting insights from our digital residue. As a 21st century student looking to carve out a lucrative career, it's tempting to hop aboard the big data bandwagon, seduced by visions of becoming a masterful data guru who can turn randomness into revenue.But is big data really the end-all be-all its evangelists proclaim? Or are we being blinded by a deluge of numbers into overlooking the human element that data alone cannot capture? In my assessment, big data – for all its undeniable utility – has some serious shortcomings that we would be wise to understand before we cede too much decision-making power to algorithms.The first major flaw is that big data, by definition, can only track what is measurable and quantifiable. But some of life's most meaningful phenomena stubbornly defy neat numerical representation. How do you quantify a hunch, a gut instinct, the atmospheric je ne sais quoi that separates a good restaurant from a great one? How do you detect whimsy, spontaneity, the idiosyncratic quirks that make us irreducibly human in the seas of structured data?The myopia of big data becomes especially glaring when it attempts to model human behavior, reducing the beautiful chaos of our lived experiences into sterile 1s and 0s. We are three-dimensional beings of fraying inconsistencies, torn between multiple psychologies and rife with glitchy contradictions. We are inspired by art, we dream, we aspire to ideals, we succumb to superstition, we regard certain numbers as lucky and others as ominous. Our actions are often inscrutable, even to ourselves and certainly to machines trying to decode and predict them. To think that purchase histories and click-through rates alone could fully plumb human beings just seems… lacking.Another huge pitfall is that big data mistakes correlation for causation with potentially disastrous results. Just because two trends overlap doesn't necessarily mean that one is causing the other. During the 1990s for instance, rising murder rates in Minnesota closely tracked falling rates of childhood nicknames like Bobby and Timmy. Using big data logic alone, one could be forgiven for concluding that more formal naming conventions somehow incite homicidal tendencies. In reality, there was no causal link – it was just an uncanny coincidence that proved nothing.Yet we cling to big data's misleading correlations because we want to believe that if we simply gather enough information, we can game the system and bypass the hard work of researching root causes and mechanisms. We want easy answers, which data seems to promise but often doesn't deliver. The irony is that ceding too much control to data algorithms may actually widen our blind spots and constrain our freethinking relative to cultivating human judgment and intuition.We also can't ignore how big data enshrines a dangerously empiricist philosophy that only what can be rigorously measured deserves to be managed. This breeds a creeping impoverishment of vision. As the saying goes, "When all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail." When we lionize big data above all else, all of society's rich dimensions get reduced to figures in a ledger. Creativity, emotion, spirituality, love – crucial drivers of human flourishing that are impossible to render numerically –become devalued as trivial pursuits that contribute no tangible metric.I'm reminded of the famous critique of the quixotic Captain Ahab who "crazed for metrics" failed to consider the devastating cost of his maniacal pursuit of the white whale. Are we in the grip of our own irresistible Ahabic drive, ruining ourselves in ourinsatiable thirst to quantify and optimize all of existence? Are we in danger of failing to see the whale for the ocean?Ultimately, data alone cannot be the sole lens through which we view life. It must be understood as one important interpretive tool among many that each play crucial yet limited roles in cultivating wisdom. We cannot obsess about the digits at the expense of broader contexts, analogical thinking, and big picture perspectives.For data truly to serve as a force for illumination rather than obfuscation, we must pair it with humanistic insight and intellectual humility. We must ground ourselves by embracing philosophy, history, ethics, and the softer subjective modes of understanding that shape the qualitative mysteries of human existence. Number-crunching may reveal striking patterns, but it is careful reasoning and moral fiber that unveils their deeper meanings and implications for how we should act.The promise of big data lies in its potential to generate new hypotheses, challenge assumptions and inspire out-of-the box thinking. But extracting lasting value requires human investigators willing to poke and prod at data's boundaries with open and incisive minds. We must steer a course between the naïve faith that big data alone is omniscient, and the cynicalrejection of its immense powers to shed empirical light. With judicious yin and yang balance, data need not undermine our essential humanity but can enhance our understanding of self and world.So as I ponder my own place in the data revolution upending all facets of society, I plan to be one of those hybrids who leverages big data responsibly while never forgetting its limitations. I will strive to be as comfortable toggling between lines of code as I am between lines of Shakespeare. Machine learning and data wrangling will be part of my skillset, but so too will expansive liberal arts literacy that resists the centripetal forces of reductionism.For I know that the true victories in wresting insight from existence will go to those bold enough to keep one foot anchored in tangible facts while allowing the other to quest and soar through the unmapped ether of the unexplainable. Those able to deftly balance DATA and WISDOM will be the ones best poised to master this age of digital renaissance.篇2The Rise of Big Data and the Fading Human ElementIn the modern era of technological advancements, the concept of "big data" has emerged as a powerful tool, shaping the way we perceive and analyze information. Big data promises to unlock invaluable insights by processing vast amounts of structured and unstructured data, enabling us to identify patterns, trends, and correlations that were once hidden from our view. However, amidst this data-driven revolution, a concerning question arises: Have we inadvertently sacrificed the invaluable human element in our pursuit of quantitative analysis?As a student navigating the complexities of academia, I have witnessed firsthand the seductive allure of big data and its potential to streamline research processes. The sheer volume of information at our fingertips is staggering, and the ability to sift through mountains of data with the click of a button is undeniably enticing. Yet, I cannot help but wonder if our reliance on this data-centric approach has led us to overlook the nuances and richness that human insight and intuition can provide.The danger lies in treating big data as an infallible oracle, blindly trusting the patterns it reveals without questioning the underlying context or acknowledging the limitations of the data itself. We risk becoming slaves to algorithms, allowing machinesto dictate our understanding of complex social, cultural, and psychological phenomena. In doing so, we may inadvertently perpetuate biases, overlook outliers, and fail to capture the intricacies that define the human experience.Consider, for instance, the field of psychology, where the study of human behavior and mental processes is paramount. While big data can undoubtedly reveal intriguing correlations between various factors and psychological outcomes, it cannot fully capture the nuanced interplay of emotions, thoughts, and lived experiences that shape an individual's psyche. A purely data-driven approach may overlook the rich tapestry of personal narratives, cultural influences, and the subtle nuances that color our understanding of the human mind.Moreover, the overreliance on big data can lead to a dangerous reductionism, where complex issues are oversimplified and distilled into mere numbers and statistics. This numerical representation, while convenient for analysis, strips away the contextual richness and fails to acknowledge the inherent complexity of the human condition. We risk losing sight of the qualitative aspects that breathe life into our understanding of societal issues, interpersonal dynamics, and the multifaceted nature of our existence.Furthermore, the pursuit of big data often neglects the power of human intuition and serendipitous discovery. Throughout history, some of the most groundbreaking insights and scientific breakthroughs have emerged not from crunching numbers but from flashes of intuition, unexpected observations, and the ability to connect seemingly disparate pieces of information. By relying solely on data-driven approaches, we may inadvertently stifle the creative spark that has fueled countless innovations and transformative ideas.It is crucial, therefore, to strike a balance between the quantitative prowess of big data and the invaluable human element of insight, intuition, and contextual understanding. We must embrace a holistic approach that recognizes the strengths and limitations of both perspectives, leveraging the power of data while acknowledging the irreplaceable role of human interpretation, empathy, and creativity.As students and future leaders, it is our responsibility to cultivate a critical mindset that questions the assumptions underlying big data analysis and challenges the temptation to view data as an absolute truth. We must encourage interdisciplinary collaboration, fostering dialogue between data scientists, domain experts, and stakeholders from diversebackgrounds. By synthesizing their collective knowledge and experiences, we can ensure that the insights gleaned from big data are grounded in a deeper understanding of the human condition.Furthermore, we must prioritize the development of skills that enhance our ability to interpret and contextualize data. Critical thinking, empathy, and the ability to recognize patterns and anomalies are essential tools that complement the analytical power of big data. By nurturing these human-centric skills, we can unlock the full potential of data analysis while maintaining a firm grasp on the complexities and nuances that define our world.In conclusion, the emergence of big data has undoubtedly revolutionized our approach to understanding and analyzing information. However, we must remain vigilant against the temptation to blindly trust the patterns and correlations it reveals, without considering the invaluable human element of insight, intuition, and contextual understanding. By striking a delicate balance between quantitative analysis and qualitative interpretation, we can unlock the true potential of big data while preserving the richness and depth that defines our humanity. Only then can we harness the power of data to create a morenuanced, empathetic, and holistic understanding of the world around us.篇3The Rise of Big Data and the Risk of Losing Human InsightIn today's digital age, data has become the new oil, fueling the engines of businesses, governments, and organizations around the world. The exponential growth of data, driven by the proliferation of digital devices, social media, and the Internet of Things, has ushered in the era of "big data." This massive collection of structured and unstructured data holds the promise of unlocking invaluable insights, driving innovation, and informing decision-making processes across various sectors.However, as we embrace the power of big data analytics, there is a growing concern about the potential loss of human insight – the intuitive understanding, empathy, and contextual awareness that has traditionally guided our decision-making processes. In our pursuit of data-driven efficiency and optimization, we risk overlooking the nuances and complexities that define the human experience.The Allure of Big DataThe allure of big data lies in its sheer volume, velocity, and variety. With the ability to collect and analyze vast amounts of data in real-time, organizations can uncover patterns, trends, and correlations that were previously hidden or inaccessible. This data-driven approach promises to revolutionize industries, from healthcare and finance to marketing and urban planning.Proponents of big data analytics argue that by harnessing the power of advanced algorithms and machine learning techniques, we can make more informed and objective decisions, free from the biases and limitations of human judgment. The promise of data-driven decision-making is seductive, offering a sense of certainty and control in an increasingly complex and unpredictable world.The Missing Human ElementWhile the potential benefits of big data are undeniable, there is a growing concern that our reliance on data-driven approaches may come at the cost of losing the human element –the intuitive understanding, empathy, and contextual awareness that have traditionally guided our decision-making processes. insight is born from our lived experiences, our ability to perceive subtle nuances, and our capacity for emotional intelligence. It is the recognition that numbers and algorithms alone cannotcapture the full complexity of human behavior, social dynamics, and cultural contexts.Take, for example, the healthcare industry. While big data analytics can identify patterns in patient data, predict disease outbreaks, and optimize resource allocation, it cannot fully account for the lived experiences of patients, their emotional and psychological needs, or the intricacies of doctor-patient relationships. Without human insight, we risk reducing patients to mere data points, overlooking the individual narratives and unique circumstances that shape their healthcare journeys.Similarly, in the realm of marketing and consumer behavior, big data may reveal valuable insights into purchasing patterns and demographic trends, but it cannot truly capture the underlying motivations, aspirations, and emotional drivers that influence consumer choices. The human element – the ability to empathize with target audiences and understand the cultural and psychological factors that shape their preferences – is essential for developing truly resonant and effective marketing campaigns.The Importance of Human-Centered ApproachesTo address the potential loss of human insight in the age of big data, it is crucial to adopt a human-centered approach thatrecognizes the inherent value and limitations of both data-driven and human-driven decision-making processes.Rather than blindly relying on data-driven approaches, we must cultivate a culture of critical thinking and ethical reasoning. We must acknowledge the biases and limitations inherent in both human judgment and algorithmic decision-making, and strive to strike a balance between the two.This requires fostering interdisciplinary collaborations that bring together data scientists, subject matter experts, and stakeholders from diverse backgrounds. By embracing diverse perspectives and encouraging open dialogue, we can develop a more holistic understanding of the complex issues at hand, combining data-driven insights with human expertise and contextual awareness.Furthermore, it is essential to prioritize transparency and accountability in the development and deployment of big data analytics. We must ensure that algorithmic decision-making processes are interpretable, auditable, and subject to robust ethical frameworks that safeguard against unintended consequences and protect individual privacy and civil liberties.Cultivating Data Literacy and Critical ThinkingIn the age of big data, it is not enough to simply embrace the technology; we must also cultivate a culture of data literacy and critical thinking. This means equipping individuals with the skills and knowledge to navigate the data-driven world, to understand the strengths and limitations of data analytics, and to critically evaluate the insights and recommendations derived from these tools.Education plays a crucial role in this endeavor. From an early age, students should be taught to think critically about data, to question assumptions, and to recognize the potential biases and limitations inherent in data-driven approaches. They should be encouraged to develop a holistic understanding of complex issues, integrating quantitative data with qualitative insights, ethical considerations, and contextual awareness.By fostering a data-literate and critically-minded workforce, we can better navigate the complexities of the big data era, leveraging the power of data analytics while maintaining a human-centered approach that values empathy, intuition, and contextual understanding.ConclusionThe rise of big data has ushered in a transformative era, offering unprecedented opportunities for innovation,optimization, and data-driven decision-making. However, as we embrace the power of data analytics, we must remain vigilant against the potential loss of human insight – the intuitive understanding, empathy, and contextual awareness that have traditionally guided our decision-making processes.To truly harness the potential of big data while preserving the human element, we must adopt a human-centered approach that strikes a balance between data-driven insights and human expertise. This requires fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, prioritizing transparency and accountability, and cultivating a culture of data literacy and critical thinking.By recognizing the inherent value and limitations of both data-driven and human-driven decision-making processes, we can unlock the full potential of big data while maintaining a deep respect for the complexities and nuances that define the human experience.。

让人工智能呼唤人类智慧英语作文800全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Let Artificial Intelligence Call Upon Human IntelligenceAs an inquisitive student fascinated by the incredible advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technology, I can't help but ponder the profound implications it holds for our world. While AI's potential seems boundless, from revolutionizing industries to tackling global challenges, I believe it is crucial that we approach this powerful tool with wisdom and a deep respect for human intelligence.At its core, AI is a remarkable feat of human ingenuity and creativity. The intricate algorithms, the vast neural networks, and the sophisticated machine learning models that power AI systems are all the product of brilliant minds. It is a testament to the boundless potential of the human intellect that we have been able to create such awe-inspiring technologies.However, as AI continues to evolve and become more capable, there is a risk of becoming overly reliant on it, to the detriment of our own cognitive abilities. We must be vigilantagainst the temptation to outsource our thinking entirely to these systems, lest we lose touch with the very qualities that make us human – our capacity for original thought, creative expression, and moral reasoning.Rather than viewing AI as a replacement for human intelligence, we should strive to create a symbiotic relationship, where the two work in harmonious cooperation. AI can augment and enhance our cognitive capabilities, taking on the arduous and repetitive tasks that bog us down, freeing us to focus on the more nuanced, abstract, and imaginative aspects ofproblem-solving.Imagine a world where AI acts as a tireless research assistant, rapidly sifting through vast troves of data and presenting us with concise, relevant information. This would empower human experts to spend more time synthesizing insights, formulating novel ideas, and pushing the boundaries of knowledge in their respective fields.Furthermore, AI could be a powerful tool for democratizing education and fostering a more inclusive, equitable society. By leveraging adaptive learning algorithms and personalized tutoring systems, we could tailor educational experiences toindividual needs and learning styles, ensuring that no student is left behind.Yet, as we embrace the potential of AI, we must also grapple with the ethical and societal implications of this technology. Questions of bias, privacy, and accountability loom large, and it is our responsibility as the architects of AI to imbue these systems with the core values that underpin a just and equitable society.We must also confront the potential impact of AI on the job market and prepare for the inevitable disruption it will cause. While some jobs may become obsolete, new opportunities will undoubtedly emerge, and it is incumbent upon us to equip the workforce with the skills and adaptability to thrive in this rapidly evolving landscape.Ultimately, the true power of AI lies not in its ability to replicate human intelligence, but in its capacity to amplify and elevate it. By harnessing the strengths of both AI and human cognition, we can tackle challenges that once seemed insurmountable, drive innovation to unprecedented heights, and unlock new realms of understanding and discovery.As we stand on the precipice of this AI-driven revolution, let us remember that it is our human intelligence – our curiosity, ourcreativity, and our moral compass – that must guide the development and application of these powerful technologies. Only by striking the right balance, by leveraging the complementary strengths of AI and human intelligence, can we truly unleash the full potential of this transformative era.So let us not cede our agency to the machines, but rather forge a path where we work in concert with AI, amplifying each other's capabilities and shaping a future that is not only technologically advanced but also deeply human.篇2Letting Artificial Intelligence Call Upon Human IngenuityAs a student in the 21st century, I can't help but be in awe of the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology. The capabilities of AI systems are increasing at an exponential rate, with each new breakthrough leaving us wondering what will be possible next. However, as much as I am fascinated by the potential of AI, I also recognize the importance of preserving and nurturing human ingenuity and creativity.AI is a powerful tool, but it is a tool nonetheless – a creation of human intelligence and innovation. While AI can process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions withremarkable accuracy, it is ultimately limited by the algorithms and data it is trained on. AI systems, at their core, are designed to optimize for specific tasks and objectives, but they lack the truly creative and imaginative spark that is unique to the human mind.It is human ingenuity that has driven the world's greatest discoveries, inventions, and artistic achievements throughout history. From the theory of relativity to the works of Shakespeare, these breakthroughs and masterpieces were not the result of cold, calculated algorithms, but rather the product of human curiosity, intuition, and the ability to think outside the proverbial box.As powerful as AI is, it cannot replicate the depth of human experience, emotion, and personal perspective that shapes our thoughts, ideas, and creative expressions. AI may be able to compose music or generate artwork based on its training data, but it cannot capture the raw human emotion and personal narratives that truly resonate with us and move us in profound ways.Furthermore, while AI excels at optimizing for specific tasks, it is human ingenuity that often identifies the tasks and problems that need solving in the first place. It is our unique ability toquestion assumptions, challenge existing paradigms, and envision new possibilities that drives innovation and progress.This is not to say that AI and human ingenuity are mutually exclusive – quite the contrary. When used effectively, AI can be a powerful augmentation to human intelligence, allowing us to process and analyze data at unprecedented scales, automate repetitive tasks, and uncover insights that may have been overlooked by human analysts alone.However, it is crucial that we strike the right balance and ensure that AI remains a tool to empower and amplify human ingenuity, rather than replace it entirely. We must resist the temptation to become overly reliant on AI and cede too much control and decision-making to these systems, lest we risk stifling the very human creativity and ingenuity that gave rise to AI in the first place.As students and future leaders, it is our responsibility to develop a deep understanding of AI, its capabilities, and its limitations. We must learn to harness the power of AI while simultaneously cultivating our own critical thinking,problem-solving, and creative skills.Education systems should place a renewed emphasis on nurturing these human-centric skills, encouraging students toembrace their curiosity, engage in interdisciplinary thinking, and develop a lifelong love for learning and exploration. Only by doing so can we ensure that AI remains a tool to augment and elevate human ingenuity, rather than supplant it.In the end, the true potential of AI lies not in its ability to replicate human intelligence, but in its capacity to complement and amplify it. By letting AI call upon human ingenuity, we can unlock new frontiers of innovation, creativity, and understanding – ushering in a future where the symbiosis of human and artificial intelligence leads to breakthroughs and achievements that were once thought impossible.篇3Let AI Call for Human IntelligenceAs an avid student of science and technology, I can't help but be in awe of the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) that we're witnessing today. From self-driving cars to virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa, AI is infiltrating every aspect of our lives, making tasks more efficient and convenient than ever before. However, as we become increasingly reliant on these intelligent machines, it's crucial that we don't lose sight of thevery thing that makes us human – our intelligence, creativity, and ability to reason.Don't get me wrong; I'm not an AI skeptic or a Luddite. I firmly believe that AI has the potential to revolutionize our world in ways we can't even fathom. But as we embrace this technological marvel, we must also recognize its limitations and the importance of human intelligence in shaping its development and application.One of the most significant limitations of AI is that it lacks the ability to truly understand context and nuance. While AI systems can process vast amounts of data and identify patterns, they lack the emotional intelligence and intuition that humans possess. This becomes particularly evident in fields like healthcare, education, and customer service, where empathy and a deep understanding of human emotions are paramount.Moreover, AI systems are only as good as the data they're trained on. If the training data is biased or incomplete, the AI's decisions and outputs will be skewed, perpetuating societal biases and injustices. This is where human intelligence comes into play – we have the ability to scrutinize the data, identify biases, and ensure that AI systems are trained on diverse and representative datasets.Another area where human intelligence is indispensable is in the realm of ethics and moral decision-making. As AI systems become more sophisticated and autonomous, they will inevitably face ethical dilemmas that require nuanced reasoning and a deep understanding of human values. While we can program AI with ethical frameworks, it's ultimately up to humans to define and refine these frameworks, ensuring that AI systems align with our moral principles and serve the greater good.But perhaps the most compelling argument for the importance of human intelligence in the age of AI lies in our ability to think creatively and innovatively. AI excels at pattern recognition and optimization, but true creativity and innovation often arise from unexpected connections, intuitive leaps, and the ability to challenge conventional wisdom. It's this human ingenuity that has driven scientific breakthroughs, artistic masterpieces, and technological revolutions throughout history.As a student, I'm constantly reminded of the power of human intelligence in the classroom. While AI can assist in grading assignments and providing personalized learning experiences, it can never replace the invaluable role of teachers in fostering critical thinking, nurturing curiosity, and inspiring students to push the boundaries of knowledge.In conclusion, as we navigate the AI revolution, it's essential that we don't lose sight of the very thing that makes us human –our intelligence, creativity, and ability to reason. AI should be a tool that augments and enhances human capabilities, not a replacement for them. By embracing the symbiotic relationship between human and artificial intelligence, we can unlock new frontiers of knowledge, innovation, and progress, while ensuring that our moral compass and ethical principles remain firmly rooted in human values.So, let's not fear AI; let's embrace it, but let's also celebrate and nurture the unique human qualities that have brought us this far. Let AI call for human intelligence, for it is in this harmonious dance between machine and mind that we will shape a future that is not only technologically advanced but also deeply human.。

2020(第一段)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known.It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being.Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition.(46) with the Church’s teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridgedleading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.(第二段)During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery.(47) Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geo-centric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe.Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense.Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy, and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(第三段)(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.(第四段)The Church’s long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truthto rationalists and scientists.This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of 17th century.(49) As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.(第五段)The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress.(50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase ‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay “An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?”.It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.。

培养大学生社会的必要性英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Necessity of Fostering a Sense of Social Responsibility Among College StudentsAs a college student, I often find myself caught up in the whirlwind of academic pursuits, social activities, and personal growth. It's easy to get lost in the microcosm of campus life, where the primary focus revolves around acquiring knowledge, building networks, and shaping our future careers. However, amidst this flurry of self-discovery and ambition, it's crucial to cultivate a sense of social responsibility – a mindset that transcends our individual interests and acknowledges our role as global citizens.In today's interconnected world, the challenges we face are complex and far-reaching. From environmental degradation to social injustice, from poverty to healthcare disparities, these issues demand collective action and a deep sense of responsibility from each one of us. As students, we possess a unique opportunity to develop this mindset and become agentsof positive change, not just for ourselves but for the betterment of society as a whole.One of the primary reasons why fostering social responsibility among college students is so vital lies in the transformative power of education itself. Higher education institutions are not merely centers of academic excellence but also incubators of critical thinking, ethical reasoning, and civic engagement. By exposing us to diverse perspectives, challenging ideologies, and thought-provoking debates, our universities equip us with the tools to analyze societal issues through a multidimensional lens.Moreover, the collegiate experience provides a fertile ground for nurturing empathy, compassion, and a sense of global citizenship. Through interactions with peers from different backgrounds, participation in campus organizations, and exposure to community service opportunities, we develop a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by marginalized communities, both locally and globally. This awareness cultivates a sense of duty to contribute positively to the world around us.Fostering social responsibility among college students also has far-reaching implications for the future. As the leaders of tomorrow, our generation will be tasked with tackling some ofthe most pressing issues facing humanity. By instilling a strong sense of social responsibility early on, we are better equipped to approach these challenges with a mindset of collective action and sustainable solutions.Furthermore, socially responsible individuals are more likely to become engaged citizens, actively participating in democratic processes and advocating for positive change within their communities. This engagement not only strengthens the fabric of society but also serves as a catalyst for innovation and progress, as diverse perspectives and ideas converge to address complex challenges.Undoubtedly, the cultivation of social responsibility among college students requires a multifaceted approach. Universities can play a pivotal role by incorporating service-learning opportunities, promoting ethical leadership development programs, and encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration on real-world issues. Additionally, student organizations can foster a culture of civic engagement by organizing community outreach initiatives, promoting sustainability practices, and raising awareness about social and environmental concerns.However, the responsibility does not solely lie with institutions; it is also incumbent upon us as individuals toembrace this mindset wholeheartedly. We must actively seek out opportunities to immerse ourselves in diverse communities, engage in meaningful dialogues, and challenge our preconceptions. By doing so, we not only broaden our horizons but also develop a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of our existence and the collective impact we can have.In conclusion, fostering a sense of social responsibility among college students is not merely a noble endeavor but a necessity for creating a more equitable, sustainable, and just world. As future leaders and changemakers, it is our duty to transcend the confines of individual ambition and embrace a mindset that prioritizes the greater good. By cultivating this ethos during our formative years, we can forge a path towards a future where empathy, compassion, and collective action are the driving forces behind progress and positive change.篇2The Necessity of Cultivating a Sense of Social Responsibility among University StudentsAs university students, we often find ourselves consumed by the pursuit of academic excellence, personal ambitions, and thedesire to secure a promising future. However, amidst this individual-centric journey, it is crucial to recognize the significance of cultivating a sense of social responsibility – a value that extends beyond our immediate self-interests and embraces the well-being of the broader community.Institutions of higher education serve as incubators for the leaders, innovators, and changemakers of tomorrow. It is within these hallowed halls that we acquire knowledge, hone our skills, and develop the critical thinking abilities necessary to navigate an increasingly complex world. Yet, true education transcends the mere acquisition of facts and figures; it should instill in us a profound understanding of our roles and responsibilities as global citizens.Social responsibility is the recognition that our actions, choices, and decisions have far-reaching consequences that ripple through society. It is the acknowledgment that we are not isolated entities, but integral threads woven into the intricate tapestry of humanity. By embracing this concept, we acknowledge our inherent interconnectedness and the impact our conduct can have on the lives of others, both near and far.The cultivation of social responsibility among university students is not merely a noble endeavor; it is an imperativenecessity for the progress and well-being of our societies. As future professionals, entrepreneurs, and influencers, we will inevitably shape the trajectories of industries, organizations, and communities. It is our ethical obligation to ensure that our pursuits are not driven solely by personal gain but are tempered by a deep-seated commitment to upholding the greater good.Consider the realms of business and economics, where our decisions as leaders and entrepreneurs can profoundly impact the lives of employees, stakeholders, and the broader ecosystem. By instilling a sense of social responsibility, we can foster an ethos of ethical conduct, sustainable practices, and a genuine concern for the welfare of those touched by our endeavors. This ethos can manifest in initiatives such as fair labor practices, environmental stewardship, and philanthropic efforts that uplift marginalized communities.In the realm of governance and public policy, socially responsible leaders can champion causes that address societal ills, promote inclusivity, and safeguard the rights of vulnerable populations. By embodying this mindset, we can counter the insidious forces of corruption, discrimination, and exploitation, paving the way for a more equitable and just society.Moreover, social responsibility extends beyond the confines of our professional pursuits; it permeates every aspect of our lives as engaged citizens. From volunteering our time and resources to supporting local initiatives to advocating for positive change, we have the power to create ripples of impact that can transform communities and inspire others to follow suit.Cultivating social responsibility among university students is not merely an idealistic notion; it is a practical and pragmatic imperative. By instilling these values early on, we equip ourselves with the tools to navigate the complexities of a globalized world, where our actions reverberate across borders and cultures. We become ambassadors of positive change, capable of bridging divides, fostering understanding, and contributing to the collective betterment of humanity.Furthermore, the cultivation of social responsibility fosters personal growth and fulfillment. By transcending narrowself-interests, we tap into a deeper sense of purpose and meaning, cultivating empathy, compassion, and a genuine concern for the well-being of others. This mindset enriches our lives, nurtures our emotional intelligence, and enhances our ability to forge meaningful connections with diverse individuals篇3The Importance of Fostering a Sense of Community Among University StudentsAs a university student, I can't emphasize enough how crucial it is to cultivate a strong sense of community within the campus environment. The university experience extends far beyond the confines of lecture halls and libraries; it's a transformative journey that shapes us intellectually, socially, and emotionally. By promoting a community-oriented mindset, we not only enhance our personal growth but also contribute to a more inclusive, supportive, and enriching academic atmosphere.One of the primary reasons why fostering a sense of community is so vital lies in the inherent challenges that come with the university experience. For many of us, stepping onto campus represents the first significant transition into independence and self-reliance. We're suddenly thrust into an unfamiliar environment, surrounded by strangers, and faced with the daunting task of navigating a complex academic and social landscape. Without a robust support system, it's all too easy to feel overwhelmed, isolated, and disconnected.However, by actively promoting a community-centric culture, we create a safety net that can catch those who might otherwise fall through the cracks. A strong sense of community provides aspace where students can forge meaningful connections, share experiences, and offer mutual support. Whether it's through student organizations, residence hall activities, or simply informal gatherings, these connections serve as a lifeline, helping us navigate the challenges of university life while simultaneously enriching our personal growth.Furthermore, a community-oriented campus fosters an environment of diversity and inclusivity, which is essential for personal and intellectual development. Universities are melting pots of cultures, backgrounds, and perspectives, and by embracing this diversity, we open ourselves up to new ways of thinking, broadening our horizons, and cultivating empathy and understanding. When we create spaces where individuals feel valued, heard, and respected, we unlock the potential for rich intellectual discourse, creative collaboration, and the exchange of ideas that lie at the heart of the academic experience.Moreover, a strong sense of community enhances our overall well-being and mental health. The university years can be a time of immense stress, uncertainty, and personal challenges. By fostering a supportive community, we create a safety net that allows students to seek help, share their struggles, and receive the emotional and practical support they need to thrive. Whetherit's through peer counseling initiatives, mental health awareness campaigns, or simply fostering an environment of open communication, a community-oriented campus can play a crucial role in addressing the mental health challenges that often accompany the university experience.Extending beyond personal growth, a community-focused campus also prepares us for the professional world that awaits us after graduation. In today's interconnected and collaborative work environments, the ability to work effectively in teams, navigate diverse perspectives, and communicate effectively is paramount. By cultivating a community-oriented mindset during our university years, we develop the interpersonal skills, cultural competence, and collaborative spirit that will serve us well in our future careers.Ultimately, fostering a sense of community among university students is not just a nice-to-have; it's an essential ingredient for a fulfilling, enriching, and successful academic journey. By creating a supportive, inclusive, and community-oriented campus environment, we empower students to reach their full potential, forge lasting connections, and develop the skills and resilience necessary to navigate the complexities of life beyond the university gates.As students, it's up to us to embrace this mindset and actively contribute to building a vibrant, interconnected community. Whether it's through participating in campus events, joining student organizations, or simply reaching out to our peers, each of us has the power to make a difference. By doing so, we not only enhance our own university experience but also leave a lasting legacy, creating a more inclusive, supportive, and enriching environment for those who will follow in our footsteps.。

高二英语学科研究报告阅读单选题50题1. In the scientific research report, the ______ of the experiment is crucial for accurate results.A.methodB.wayC.meansD.approach答案：A。

“method”强调系统的、有步骤的方法；“way”比较通用，指做某事的方式、方法；“means”侧重于手段、工具；“approach”指接近、处理问题的方法。

在科学研究报告中，实验的“方法”通常用“method”更准确，强调系统的实验方法。

2. The research report focuses on the ______ of different materials in extreme conditions.A.propertiesB.qualitiesC.characteristicsD.features答案：A。

“properties”主要指物质的特性、性质；“qualities”强调品质、质量；“characteristics”指人或事物的特点、特征；“features”侧重于容貌特征、特色。

研究报告关注不同材料在极端条件下的“特性”，用“properties”更合适，强调物质本身的特性。

3. The success of the research depends on the accurate ______ of data.A.collectionB.gatheringC.accumulationD.amassment答案：B。

“collection”侧重于有组织地收集、收藏；“gathering”强调聚集、收集，比较常用；“accumulation”指逐渐积累；“amassment”强调大量积聚。

研究的成功取决于准确地“收集”数据，“gathering”更符合日常表达习惯。

4. The research report presents the ______ of a new technology in the field of medicine.A.applicationB.utilizationageD.employment答案：A。

知识还是经验更重要观点对立英语作文Knowledge or Experience: A Controversial DebateIn the pursuit of personal growth and success, the debate between the importance of knowledge versus experience has long been a topic of intense discussion. On one side, proponents argue that knowledge, acquired through formal education and scholarly pursuits, is the foundation for critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation. On the other hand, advocates of experience contend that practical, hands-on learning is the true pathway to mastery and the development of essential skills.The case for knowledge often centers on the belief that a strong academic foundation provides individuals with a comprehensive understanding of various fields, theories, and principles. Proponents of this view argue that knowledge equips people with the tools to analyze complex issues, make informed decisions, and adapt to changing circumstances. They assert that the depth and breadth of knowledge gained through rigorous study can lead to groundbreaking discoveries, innovative solutions, and a deeper appreciation for the complexities of the world.Supporters of the knowledge-centric approach highlight the importance of staying current with the latest research, theories, and technological advancements. They believe that individuals armed with knowledge are better prepared to navigate the challenges of the modern world, which is constantly evolving and demanding adaptability. By constantly expanding their understanding, they can anticipate and respond to emerging trends, identify new opportunities, and contribute to the advancement of their respective fields.Moreover, advocates of knowledge-based learning emphasize the role of formal education in cultivating critical thinking skills, analytical reasoning, and the ability to effectively communicate and collaborate. They argue that these abilities are essential in today's increasingly interconnected and complex global landscape, where the ability to navigate diverse perspectives, engage in substantive discussions, and present well-informed arguments can lead to meaningful progress and innovation.On the other hand, proponents of experience-based learning contend that practical, hands-on application is the true test of one's abilities and the ultimate path to mastery. They assert that while knowledge provides a solid foundation, it is the real-world application of that knowledge that truly transforms individuals and equips them with the skills needed to succeed in their chosen fields.Advocates of the experience-centric approach believe that learning through trial and error, problem-solving, and the acquisition of tangible skills is more effective in developing adaptability, problem-solving abilities, and the capacity to navigate the complexities of the professional world. They argue that experience-based learning fosters a deeper understanding of the nuances and intricacies of a given field, allowing individuals to develop intuitive decision-making skills and the capacity to respond effectively to unexpected challenges.Furthermore, supporters of the experience-based approach highlight the importance of networking, mentorship, and the cultivation of practical skills that are often overlooked in traditional academic settings. They assert that the insights and lessons learned through firsthand experiences, such as internships, job shadowing, or entrepreneurial ventures, can be invaluable in shaping one's professional trajectory and equipping individuals with the necessary skills to thrive in their chosen careers.Ultimately, the debate between the importance of knowledge and experience is a complex and multi-faceted one, with valid arguments on both sides. While knowledge provides a solid foundation and the ability to think critically, experience-based learning offers the opportunity to translate that knowledge into practical, real-worldapplications. The true value lies in striking a balance between the two, where individuals can leverage the strengths of both knowledge and experience to achieve personal and professional success.As individuals navigate their paths, it is essential to recognize that the ideal approach is not a one-size-fits-all solution. Rather, it is a matter of finding the right balance and blend of knowledge and experience that aligns with one's unique goals, aspirations, and the demands of the ever-evolving landscape. By embracing a holistic perspective and recognizing the complementary nature of these two critical elements, individuals can embark on a journey of lifelong learning and growth, ultimately positioning themselves for lasting success and fulfillment.。

福建省莆田市第二十五中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题一、阅读理解The Best Caves in The WorldHang Son Doong, VietnamNatural caves don’t come much larger than Hang Son Doong, close to the border between Laos and Vietnam. This cave possesses the largest cross-section of any known cave on the planet, a vast area that is difficult to describe. Supposedly, a Boeing 747 could fly through without damaging its wings, but that doesn’t really do justice to the vastness of Hang Son Doong. The stalactites (钟乳石) here are pretty massive too, with some reaching up to 80 metres.Waitomo Caves, New ZealandGlowworms (萤火虫) are there, as far as the eye can see. Okay, not literally, but the Waitomo Cave system on New Zealand’s North Island is best-known for the fluorescent fauna that light up the walls, giving it the not-particularly-creative but completely acceptable “Glowworm Caves” nickname. They are more accessible than other caves on this list, with rafting and adventure tours available to those looking for something a little more thrilling.Mammoth Cave, the USAIf you have certain expectations from somewhere called “Mammoth Cave”, that is entirely understandable. Mammoth Cave in Kentucky is the world’s longest known cave system, an incredible 420 miles of underground wonder. That’s twice as long as the next longest, by the way, although it isn’t unusual for the USA to go all out on such things.Reed Flute (芦笛) Cave, China Named after the reeds that grow outside, which are used to make flutes, obviously, the Reed Flute Cave’s walls are covered with inscriptions from centuries gone by—if evidence was needed that people have been paying attention to this place for a long old time. The inside part of the cave is also lit up by multicoloured lights, giving it a real otherworldly theme that adds weight to the nickname.1．What is special about Hang Son Doong?A．It was once a base of a factory.B．It is the deepest cave in the world.C．It has the highest stalactites in the world.D．It owns the largest cross-section in the world.2．Which of the following can be much easier to enter?A．Hang Son Doong.B．Waitomo Caves.C．Mammoth Cave.D．Reed Flute Cave.3．Which country probably has the longest cave system in the world?A．Vietnam.B．New Zealand.C．The USA．D．China.Food vlogger Julia Pacheco undertook an ambitious challenge to see if she could sustain herself on just $ 10 for an entire week, covering all meals from breakfast to dinner. The aim was not only to test the feasibility (可行性) of such a tight budget but also to explore how it would affect her overall well-being by the end of the week.Julia ’s journey began with a strategic shopping trip to Walmart, where she carefully selected key ingredients to maximize both her budget and nutritional intake. This initial phase set the tone for the week, showcasing the importance of planning in budget-friendly eating.Julia ’s grocery list included affordable staples (主食) like pasta, brown rice, mixed vegetables, bread, lentils, pinto beans, and some fresh produce such as apples, tomatoes, onions, and garlic. These items were chosen for their versatility (多用途) and nutritional value. The total cost of these groceries perfectly hit the $10 mark, setting the stage for a week of simple yet thoughtful meal planning. This careful selection was crucial as it laid the foundation for her entire week’s living.For the first five days, the mum’s breakfast routine consisted of oatmeal flavoured with apple. This choice was not only cost-effective but also provided a warm, hearty start to her day. On the last two days, Julia switched things up by having boiled eggs on toast, adding variety within budget. These breakfast options demonstrated that even on a tight budget, one could enjoy a wholesome and satisfying start to the day.By cooking large portions and storing them for later, she minimized waste and ensured she always had a meal ready, reducing the desire to snack unnecessarily. This approach also highlighted the importance of planning and preparation when working with a limited budget.Throughout the week, she felt full and content, proving that it’s possible to maintain a healthy diet even on a tight budget. Julia’s experience showed the potential to eat well with limitedfinancial resources.4．Why did Julia undertake the $10 challenge?A．To see if she could survive on a strict budget.B．To develop budget-friendly eating habits.C．To test the quality of food at Walmart.D．To promote a new way of living.5．What can we know about the grocery list that Julia chose?A．It fitted her budget and nutrition.B．It was full of her favourite staples.C．It was too complicated.D．It was out of a random choice.6．How did Julia manage to reduce waste during her challenge?A．By skipping breakfast.B．By preparing less staples.C．By cooking more food each time.D．By snacking unnecessarily.7．How was Julia’ s overall experience during the challenge?A．she struggled with her budget.B．she found it tough to continue.C．she ate well and felt satisfied.D．she suffered hunger sometimes.We all notice bright colors. People who choose to go eye-catching, whether they express themselves through clothes or accessories (配饰), hear everything from “No one is going to miss you at the party” to “I would never have the courage to wear that.” But according to research, those comments may be both accurate and expected.Adam D．Pazda and Christopher A．Thorstenson (2019) examined how we perceive people at first impression who wear bright colors. They specifically examined the effect of chroma (色度). They found that targets, both male and female, who were wearing or surrounded by high-chroma colors were perceived as more open and outgoing than in a low-chroma setting. They concluded that chroma is a variable of perception that can influence first impressions of personality.Drilling down further, they found that high-chroma colors strengthened viewer perspective of openness and extraversion (外向), but not other personalities. These observations are important because some job responsibilities capitalize on some of the personalities inferred through brightcolors.Pazda and Thorstenson recognize what job seekers no doubt consider as they look for a career to match their personal nature: in some occupations, success is fueled by possessing certain personality qualities. They give examples of industries such as sales and marketing as well as customer service as fields where extraverts thrive (繁荣). Accordingly, applicants for these positions may be viewed more favorably and judged as more competent if they wear highly chromatic clothing.Regarding the generality of their results, Pazda and Thorstenson note that one of the limitations of their study was their use of participants living in the United States, which means their findings may not predict results in other cultures. They note the possibility that chroma may influence the perception of personality differently in non-Western countries, and that high-chroma clothing may be perceived as at odds with social norms in other cultures. The practical takeaway, at least in the United States, appears to be that bright colors, like the peacock’s tail, will get you noticed. But depending on your goals, consider tailoring your chroma to the circumstances, personally and professionally.8．What is the focus of the study mentioned in the passage?A．The cultural implications of high chroma colors.B．The influence of clothing on viewer perceptions.C．The connection between clothing and job suitability.D．The impact of high chroma colors on first impression.9．What does the underlined phrase “capitalize on” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Draw on.B．Approve of.C．Subscribe to.D．Dig up. 10．Which might be a limitation of the study?A．The culturally specific findings.B．The unmonitored research process.C．The outdated data analysis methods.D．The relatively insufficient theoretical basis. 11．What is the practical advice given by the author in the last paragraph?A．Reserve bright colors for social events.B．Always wear bright colors to be noticed.C．Avoid bright colors in professional settings.D．Use bright colors strategically based on your goals.In recent decades, experiments have begun to catch up with what people who work closely with animals have always known—that animals have an inner life, and consciousness isn’t uniquely human.Consciousness is a concept that is extremely difficult to define. There have been many attempts: is it awareness, or awareness of that awareness, or self-awareness instead? But a useful working definition might be that it is any kind of subjective experience, ranging from how we perceive the external world to our inner thoughts and emotions. Because you can never be inside another living being’s head, questions of consciousness are both hard to answer and open to bias (偏见).Findings of experiments inspired a group of scientists in April to write The New York Declaration Animal Consciousness, which now has over 300 supporters. It states that there is “strong scientific support for conscious experience” in mammals and birds and “at least a realistic possibility of conscious experience” in fish and other species.That animals have some form of inner life must surely be self-evident to many people who live or work with them, just as I would guess that most carers of newborn babies don’t see these infant as senseless automatic machines. The experiences of people with thorough knowledge of either have historically, been viewed as subjective and biased, as emotional connection tends to influence logical reasoning. Our consciousness leads us to over-empathize with others we cannot truly know, the argument goes.But, as the biologist Marc Bekoff wrote, if we humans have something, then other animals are likely to have it too. I personally feel that attempts to divorce emotion, feeling and experience from how we see animals can be as unscientific. For too long, we assumed that humans are unique and animals don’t feel pain or emotions the way that we do, a convenient but cruel null hypothesis (无效假设), when we could have started from the position that perhaps they do instead. 12．Which is a key characteristic of consciousness according to the passage?A．It means any emotional experience of humans.B．It refers to individual’s subjective experience.C．It is all about how we perceive the external world.D．It refers to a common quality shared by all animals.13．Why are the carers of newborn babies mentioned?A．To show that animals are just as conscious as human babies.B．To help readers understand why animals possess consciousness.C．To argue against the view of people living or working with animals.D．To explain why animal carers would assume animals have an inner life.14．What might be the author’s attitude towards Marc Bckoff’s assumption about animal emotions?A．Doubtful.B．Objective.C．Supportive.D．Uncertain. 15．which can be the best title of the passage?A．Consciousness Improved Through PracticeB．Questions of Human Consciousness AnsweredC．Factors Affecting Animal Consciousness DiscoveredD．Conscious Experience Found in Certain Animal SpeciesRejection creates an emotional roller coaster. We feel the sadness, anger, and loss of the person who rejects us, and also our self-respect is hurt. 16 While there is no quick fix, the following suggestions can help you overcome the confusion and ease the pain of rejection.17 People tend to avoid their pain. There is no healing without feeling your feelings. There is no healing without pain. You must go through the feelings to heal. Let yourself feel the loss and the pain and express your difficult emotions. You should know that you are strong enough and can face pain with courage to heal and grow.Take it one moment at a time. It takes time to heal and for the hurt to lessen. In the abyss (深渊), it is hard to think too far, so be patient during this difficult period. Unfortunately, today, we live in the fast lane. We don’t have patience and we want things to happen immediately. Patience is a lost art. 18Develop gratitude. Gratitude is cure for pain. Pain is about what we are missing. Gratitude is about what we are having. If we focus on the negative, we will see the negatives. 19 Those who show gratitude, develop a positive attitude, and appreciate their situation minimize their pain and create more happy moments in their lives.Getting over a rejection is hard. 20 It is there to make you grow. Everyone heals from rejection at their own pace in their own way. We must sympathize with ourselves and acceptthat reality. It’s important to take your time to deal with rejection and to use the practices suggested to heal and move on to the new opportunities life presents us. It won’t be easy, but it will be worth it.A．Feel it to heal it.B．Don’t take it too personally.C．However, your pain won’t last forever.D．So, even if you are broken, keep busy.E．With time, the sense of loss and hurt will ease.F．This is why getting over a rejection is challenging.G．If we focus on the positive, we will see the positives.二、完形填空A young woman, swept out to sea while swimming at a beach in China, has been rescued37 hours later, having drifted (漂流) more than 50 miles in the pacific ocean. 21 as an Australian national in her 20s, the woman’s 22 ended thanks to the combined efforts of China’s coast guard and two ships.The dramatic rescue began after the woman’s friend reported her 23 Monday night while they were swimming at the beach. It is 24 that she was swept out to sea by a powerful 25 China’s coast guard launched an extensive search operation, searching the waters for any sign of her.Noticeably, about 36 hours later, a cargo ship 26 the woman adrift in the ocean. The ship immediately 27 a passing LPG tanker (油轮), the He Ping No.8, for assistance. Demonstrating 28 bravery, two crew members of the tanker jumped into the rough 6.5-foot waves to rescue her.The crew members recalled29 encouragement to the woman, urging her not to give up as she struggled to stay adrift. They tied a 30 around her, and with the help of their fellow crew members, successfully pulled her to safety aboard the tanker. She was then 31 by a coast guard helicopter to shore.Despite her hardship, the woman was found to be in good health, though 32dehydrated (脱水). Experts noted that she was extraordinarily 33 to survive, considering the 34 dangers of heat stroke, hypothermia (低体温) at night, or even being struck by a ship in the dark.Zhang Siqi, a senior member of the Society of Water Rescue and Survival Research, described the woman’s 35 as “a miracle” during a televised interview. 21．A．Identified B．Considered C．Introduced D．Employed 22．A．ambitions B．memories C．sufferings D．discoveries 23．A．excitement B．assistance C．disappearance D．entertainment 24．A．believed B．expected C．remembered D．proved 25．A．ship B．hand C．foot D．current 26．A．spotted B．heard C．felt D．watched 27．A．ran into B．called upon C．stuck to D．learned from 28．A．unsung B．unnecessary C．incredible D．intentional 29．A．referring B．advising C．spreading D．shouting 30．A．chain B．rope C．ring D．scarf 31．A．targeted B．airlifted C．driven D．caught 32．A．truly B．usually C．surely D．slightly 33．A．safe B．likely C．brave D．fortunate 34．A．preventable B．influential C．potential D．occasional 35．A．effort B．survival C．struggle D．spirit三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

谈谈你对校规的看法和感受英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Views and Feelings About School RulesSchool rules – the mere mention of those two words is enough to make most students roll their eyes. We've all experienced the frustration of being told we can't do something, or have to do something, thanks to some arbitrary rule. But are school rules really as draconian and pointless as they often seem? In this essay, I'll share my perspective as a student on the role and importance of school policies.First, I think it's important to understand why schools have rules in the first place. The obvious reason is to maintain order and ensure an environment conducive to learning. Without any guidelines around behavior, dress codes, attendance requirements, and the like, classrooms could quickly descend into chaos. Teachers would struggle to actually teach, and students would find it difficult to focus. So from that perspective, I can appreciate the need for some overarching rules to govern how a school operates.That said, I do think schools sometimes go overboard with their policies. Some rules feel outdated, nitpicky, or disconnected from modern realities. Dress codes that prohibit things like ripped jeans, tank tops, or unnatural hair colors always rubbed me the wrong way. What does my torn jeans or blue hair have to do with my ability to learn? It feels like these sorts of rules are more about enforcing conformity and an antiquated sense of decorum rather than anything substantive.Speaking of conformity, I've never been a fan of schools requiring uniforms. I understand the arguments about promoting a professional environment, minimizing socioeconomic distinctions based on clothing, and preventing offensive graphics or messaging on apparel. But to me, individuality and self-expression through personal style is an important part of adolescent development. Forcing everyone into the same outfit feels stifling. It's taking away one of the few creative outlets students have during the school day.Then there are the petty rules that make you wonder what nightmare bureaucrat dreamed them up. Only being able to go to your locker at certain periods. Needing a special pass to go use the restroom. Facing detention if you're thirty seconds lateto class. These policies take aggressive pursuit of order to absurd lengths. They teac篇2School Rules: A Necessary Pain or Overreaching Restrictions?As a student, school rules are an inescapable part of my daily life. From the moment I step through the gates until I leave at the final bell, a multitude of regulations govern nearly every aspect of my behavior and appearance. While some of these rules are undoubtedly necessary for maintaining order and ensuring a productive learning environment, others often feel arbitrary, outdated, or even downright oppressive. It's a delicate balance that schools must strike, and as a student, I can't help but question whether we've tipped too far in favor of restrictive policies.Let's start with the more understandable rules – the ones that, even if I don't love them, I can at least acknowledge their purpose. Dress codes, for instance, aim to foster a professional and focused atmosphere, preventing potential distractions or inappropriate attire. I may grumble about not being able to wear my favorite ripped jeans or that trendy crop top, but I recognizethat schools have a legitimate interest in upholding certain standards of decorum.Similarly, rules against cheating, plagiarism, and other forms of academic dishonesty are logical and justifiable. After all, the entire purpose of our education is to learn and grow, not to game the system through underhanded means. While the temptation to cheat can be strong, especially under immense pressure, these rules safeguard the integrity of our academic pursuits and ensure that our achievements are truly earned.Then there are the rules governing general conduct and behavior, such as prohibitions against fighting, bullying, and disruptive actions. In an environment with hundreds or even thousands of students, maintaining a safe and orderly atmosphere is paramount. Without such guidelines, the learning process could quickly devolve into chaos, jeopardizing not only our education but our physical and emotional well-being as well.So far, so good – I may not love these rules, but I can understand their reasoning and importance. It's when we delve into some of the more obscure or seemingly archaic regulations that my frustration truly begins to mount.Take, for instance, the draconian policies surrounding technology use. In an era where laptops, tablets, andsmartphones are essential tools for learning, research, and collaboration, many schools still cling to blanket bans or severely restrictive policies regarding their use. Yes, I understand the concerns about potential distractions or misuse, but couldn't these issues be better addressed through education and responsible usage policies, rather than outright prohibition?Then there are the rules that seem to be holdovers from a bygone era, like restrictions on hair color, piercings, or even the lengths of our skirts or shorts. While advocates may argue that these promote a "professional" appearance, I can't help but feel that they're rooted more in outdated societal norms than any genuine educational concern. In a world that is rapidly evolving and becoming more accepting of self-expression, such rules can feel stifling and out of touch.And let's not forget the Byzantine maze of regulations surrounding attendance, tardiness, and even bathroom breaks. While I understand the need for structure and accountability, some of these policies border on the draconian, treating us more like inmates than students. Surely there must be a better way to instill discipline and responsibility without resorting to such heavy-handed tactics.At the heart of my frustration lies a fundamental question: where does the line between necessary rules and overreaching restrictions truly lie? I'm not advocating for a complete absence of guidelines – that would be chaos. But I can't help but feel that many of the rules we face go far beyond what is truly necessary for fostering a productive learning environment.Instead, they often seem rooted in antiquated notions of control, conformity, and a one-size-fits-all approach to education that fails to account for the diverse needs, interests, and learning styles of modern students.Perhaps it's time for a more nuanced, student-centric approach to school policies. Rather than blanket prohibitions, why not empower us with greater autonomy and responsibility? Teach us not just the academic curricula, but the critical thinking skills, self-discipline, and accountability needed to thrive in the real world.Involve us in the rule-making process, soliciting our input and insights as the ones most directly impacted by these regulations. After all, when students feel heard and valued, they're far more likely to buy into and respect the rules, rather than viewing them as arbitrary impositions from on high.Ultimately, I'm not calling for anarchy or a complete absence of guidelines. Rules and structure will always be necessary components of any educational institution. But as a student, I can't help but feel that we've swung too far in favor of restrictive policies that prioritize control over personal growth and development.Education should be about more than just imparting knowledge – it should be about nurturing curiosity, fostering independent thought, and equipping us with the skills and mindsets to navigate an increasingly complex world. And perhaps, just perhaps, a more balanced and student-centered approach to school rules could be a step in that direction.篇3Rules and Regulations: A Student's PerspectiveSchool rules and regulations - two words that can instantly make any student's eyes roll. From the moment we first step foot on campus until we finally depart with our hard-earned diplomas, we're constantly bombarded with a seemingly endless list of dos and don'ts. Dress codes, attendance policies, behavioral expectations – the list goes on and on. As students, we often find ourselves questioning the necessity of these rules, wondering ifthey're really in our best interests or just another way for the administration to exert control over our lives.Yet, as much as we may gripe and groan, deep down, we know that these rules serve a purpose. They provide structure, maintain order, and ensure a safe and conducive learning environment for all. Without them, our schools would descend into chaos, with students running rampant and disrupting the educational process. So, while we may not always agree with every rule, we must acknowledge their importance in shaping our academic journey.One of the most contentious issues surrounding school rules is the dress code. Girls, in particular, often feel unfairly targeted, with restrictions on skirt lengths, exposed shoulders, and other perceived "distractions." While the intent behind these rules is understandable – to maintain a professional and focused atmosphere – the execution can sometimes feel overly harsh and discriminatory. We're constantly told that our bodies are not to be objectified, yet the dress code seems to place the burden of responsibility on us, rather than addressing the root issue of objectification itself.On the other hand, we must also recognize that schools have a duty to prepare us for the professional world, where dresscodes and grooming standards are often a reality. Learning to present ourselves appropriately is an important life skill, and the school environment provides a safe space for us to develop these habits. Perhaps a more reasonable approach would be to involve students in the creation of dress code policies, allowing for open dialogue and compromise.Another area of contention is the enforcement of attendance policies. While we understand the importance of regular attendance for our academic success, the rigid nature of some policies can feel unduly punitive. Life happens – we get sick, we have family emergencies, or we simply need a mental health day. Yet, many schools operate under a "zero tolerance" policy, doling out detentions and suspensions for even the slightest infractions. This can create a culture of fear and resentment, rather than fostering a supportive environment that encourages open communication and understanding.Instead, perhaps schools could adopt a more flexible approach, taking into account extenuating circumstances and prioritizing student well-being over blind adherence to rules. After all, what good is perfect attendance if we're burnt out, stressed, and unable to fully engage with our studies?Of course, not all school rules are met with resistance. Many of us appreciate the policies in place to maintain a safe and orderly campus. Rules prohibiting violence, bullying, and substance abuse are essential for creating a secure environment where we can focus on our education without fear or distraction. We understand the importance of these guidelines and generally comply without issue.Additionally, rules governing academic integrity, such as policies against cheating and plagiarism, are crucial for upholding the value of our education. While the temptation to take shortcuts may be strong, especially in the face of mounting workloads and pressures, we recognize that cheating not only undermines our own learning but also devalues the efforts of our peers who work hard and play by the rules.Ultimately, our relationship with school rules is a complex one, filled with frustrations and compromises. While we may not always agree with every policy, we must acknowledge that a certain level of structure and regulation is necessary for our schools to function effectively. However, this doesn't mean that our voices should be silenced or our concerns dismissed.True progress comes through open dialogue, mutual understanding, and a willingness to adapt and evolve. Perhapsit's time for schools to involve students more actively in the rule-making process, fostering a sense of ownership and buy-in. After all, we are the ones directly impacted by these policies, and our perspectives and experiences are invaluable in shaping a more equitable and responsive system.As we navigate the often-turbulent waters of our academic journey, let's strive for a balance – one that upholds the principles of order and discipline while also prioritizing ourwell-being, personal growth, and individual freedoms. School rules should serve as guideposts, not shackles, helping us develop into responsible, ethical, and well-rounded individuals.And who knows? Maybe one day, when we find ourselves on the other side of the desk, we'll have a newfound appreciation for the challenges of maintaining order while nurturing young minds. Until then, let's keep an open mind, a respectful attitude, and a determination to make our voices heard – because at the end of the day, these rules are meant to serve us, not the other way around.。

可编辑修改精选全文完整版绪论单元测试1【判断题】 (2分)英语学科教学论，是介绍英语知识的一门课。

A.对B.错2【判断题】 (2分)英语学科教学论，是一门介绍如何教英语的课。

A.对B.错3【判断题】 (2分)关于教英语，需要了解相关的语言和语言学习的理论。

A.错B.对4【判断题】 (2分)关于教英语，还需要了解相关的教学方法、了解课堂管理的内容、学习教学设计的理念等。

A.错B.对5【判断题】 (2分)听说读写看的教学，是关于语言技能的教学。

A.错B.对第一章测试1【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the view of language? ( )A.Interactional ViewB.Structural ViewC.Functional ViewD.Constructive View2【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the view of language Learning? ( )A.Behaviorist TheoryB.Cognitive TheoryC.Schema TheoryD.Socio-constructive Theory3【单选题】 (2分)Which is from social-constructivist theory?A.stimulusB.ZPDC.reinforcementD.automatic response4【多选题】 (2分)For new language learning, the aspects that students need to do with are ( )A.Understand the formB.Understand the meaningC.Go abroad for studyingD.Practice the language5【多选题】 (2分)Which belong to process-oriented theory? ( )A.Socio-constructivist TheoryB.Schema TheoryC.Behaviorist TheoryD.Cognitive Theory6【多选题】 (2分)Which belong to condition-oriented theory? ( )A.Constructivist TheoryB.Behaviorist TheoryC.Socio-constructivist TheoryD.Cognitive Theory7【判断题】 (2分)The structural view of language is that language is a system of structurally related ele ments for the transmission of meaning. （）A.错B.对8【判断题】 (2分)The functional view only sees language as a means for doing things. ( )A.对B.错9【判断题】 (2分)For behaviorist theory, mistakes should be immediately corrected, and the correction s hould be immediately praised. ( )A.对B.错10【判断题】 (2分)Learning should be achieved via the dynamic interaction between the teacher and th e learner and between learners. ( )A.错B.对第三章测试1【判断题】 (2分)Teacher Talk Time means teacher should talk more in class and do not leave silence g ap in class. ( )A.对B.错2【判断题】 (2分)Remembering and understanding belong to the higher order thinking ability. ( )A.对B.错3【单选题】 (2分)Which one does not belong to the Bloom’s Taxonomy (2001)? ( )A.ApplyingB.AnalyzingC.RememberingD.Summarizing4【单选题】 (2分)For cognitive level of evaluating, the teacher may ask students the question like ( ).A.What is the relationship between A and B?B.How would you use this?C.Which is more interesting?D.What is the main idea of this paragraph?5【单选题】 (2分)For cognitive level of analyzing, the teacher may ask students the question like ( ).A.Which is more interesting, A or B?B.Can you compare A and B?C.Is there a better solution to this?D.What is an alternative method for this?6【多选题】 (2分)Which belong to teacher’s role? ( )A.controllerB.assessorC.prompterD.organizer7【多选题】 (2分)Teachers as facilitators means ( ).A.to guide them in planning and assessing their own learningB.to use various strategies to motivate learnersC.to develop their learning strategiesD.to create a positive learning environment8【多选题】 (2分)What are the two things that the teacher does as an assessor? ( )A.organizing feedbackB.controlling the paceC.correcting mistakesD.making research on student’s performance9【判断题】 (2分)Even the clearest instructions can be hard to grasp so, after you've given them, it's wo rth checking that they have been understood. ( )A.对B.错10【判断题】 (2分)Allow learners in class the time and the quiet they need, because they need time to thi nk, to prepare what they are going to say and how they are going to say it. ( )A.对B.错第四章测试1【单选题】 (2分)For WHERETO teaching design principle, W refers to ( ).A.allow students to evaluate their work and its implication’sB.be tailored (personalized) to the different needs, interests, and abilities of learnersC.equip students, help them experience the key ideas and explore the issuesD.help the students know where the unit is going and what is expected2【单选题】 (2分)For WHERETO teaching design principle, R refers to ( ).A.help the students know where the unit is going and what is expectedB.allow students to evaluate their work and its implication’sC.equip students, help them experience the key ideas and explore the issuesD.provide opportunities to rethink and revise their understandings and work3【单选题】 (2分)Which belongs to teaching design principle? ( )A.WHERETOB.ESAC.SMARTD.ABCD4【多选题】 (2分)What does WHERETO teaching design principle refer? ( )A.equip students, help them experience the key ideas and explore the issuesB.help the students know where the unit is going and what is expectedC.allow students to evaluate their work and its implication’sD.hook all students and hold their interest5【多选题】 (2分)What are the frequently applied teaching models? ( )A.WHERETO ModelB.Backward Design ModelC.ASSURE ModelD.ADDIE Model6【多选题】 (2分)What are the four elements of articulating learning objectives? ( )A.ConditionB.AudienceC.DegreeD.Behavior7【判断题】 (2分)Develop student’s reading skills. This learning objective is appropriately presented. ( )A.错B.8【判断题】 (2分)SMART is the method for articulating learning objectives. ( )A.对B.错9【判断题】 (2分)Activation of prior knowledge means activating cognitive structures that relate to the to pics and tasks to be studied and completed. ( )A.错B.对10【判断题】 (2分)The purpose of teaching design is to implement teaching effectively. ( )A.B.对第五章测试1【单选题】 (2分)What is used to express meanings in many subtle ways such as surprise, complaint, s arcasm, delighted, threats, etc.? ( )A.PronunciationB.morphologyC.PhonologyD.Intonation2【单选题】 (2分)What is the best age to start learning to read through phonics? ( )A.4-6B.C.1-2D.2-33【单选题】 (2分)After learning the individual letters’ sounds, it is natural to learn the sounds o f ? ( )A.consonant lettersB.blending lettersC.all of the aboveD.vowel letters4【多选题】 (2分)Which generally should be pronounced as weak form while reading aloud? ( )A.Auxiliary wordB.C.VerbD.Preposition5【多选题】 (2分)Phonics is a method for teaching and of the English language by develo ping learners' phonemic awareness—the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phon emes—in order to teach the correspondence between these sounds and the spelling p atterns that represent them. ( )A.speakingB.writingC.listeningD.reading6【多选题】 (2分)Sound /k/ can be spelled as ? ( )A.kB.chC.ckD.c7【判断题】 (2分)Research has shown that children who have not developed reading skills by second gr ade, will experience an overall delay in learning throughout their school life. ( )A.对B.错8【判断题】 (2分)Understanding phonics will also help children know which letters to use when they ar e writing words. ( )A.对B.错9【判断题】 (2分)A lot of people start the journey of teaching kids phonics through the traditional ways, l ike teaching them to read, and this is the best way to follow. ( )A.错B.对10【判断题】 (2分)Written language can be compared to a code, so knowing the sounds of individual lett ers and how those letters sound when they’re combined will help children code word s as they read. ( )A.对B.错第六章测试1【单选题】 (2分)What does the first aspect of vocabulary learning involve according to Hedge (200 0)? ( )A.The sense relations among words.B.Connotative meaning.C.Denotative meaning.D.Denotative and connotative meaning.2【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the appropriate way of consolidating vocabulary? ( )A.Play a game.B.Categories.C.Spot the difference.D.Guessing.3【单选题】 (2分)Which is not a collocation? ( )A.See a movie.B.Watch a play.C.Movie.D.Look at a picture.4【多选题】 (2分)According to Hedge (2000), what does the second aspect of vocabulary learning invol ve? ( )A.Spelling and PronunciationB.Collocations.C.Synonyms, antonyms and hyponyms.D.Receptive and productive vocabulary.5【多选题】 (2分)What does knowing a word involve? ( )A.How and when to use it to express the intended meaning.B.Its meaning.C.Its spelling and grammatical properties.D.Its pronunciation and stress.6【多选题】 (2分)Which belong to vocabulary learning strategies? ( )A.Use a dictionary.B.Review regularly.C.Guessing from context.D.Presenting vocabulary.7【判断题】 (2分)Denotative meaning refers to those words that we use to label things as regards real o bjects, such as a name or a sign, etc. in the physical world. ( )A.错B.对8【判断题】 (2分)Antonyms refer to the sameness or close similarity of meaning or we can say that wor ds are close in meaning. ( )A.对B.错9【判断题】 (2分)Receptive/passive vocabulary refers to words that one is able to recognize and compr ehend in reading or listening but unable to use automatically in speaking or writing. ( )A.错B.对10【判断题】 (2分)Collocations refer to words that co-occur with high frequency and have been accepte d as ways for the use of words. ( )A.对B.错第七章测试1【单选题】 (2分)Deductive reasoning is essentially a approach which moves from the more gen eral to the more specific. ( )A.gameB.down-topC.traditionalD.top-down2【单选题】 (2分)is an approach that removes you, the teacher, from the main role of “explainer” and ex tends to the students the opportunity to question and discover the target grammar. ( )A.The guided discovery methodB.Mechanical practiceC.Deductive methodD.Inductive method3【单选题】 (2分)usually comes after mechanical practice. ( )A.The guided discovery methodB.Meaningful practiceC.Deductive methodD.Inductive method4【多选题】 (2分)Although a little less effective than inductive teaching, benefits to the deductive approa ch are: ( )A.It encourages faster learning of material and understand the meaningB.Time in the classroom is spent only on the language principle.C.Most material can be easily taught this way.D.Students can have lots of interaction with others in a meaningful context.5【多选题】 (2分)Although inductive teaching takes longer than deductive, many educators agree it i s a very efficient method in the long run. Benefits include: ( )A.Students rely on their critical thinking to figure out the language.B.Students can gain deeper understanding of the language.C.Students can get more interaction and participation among each other.D.No material can be easily taught this way.6【多选题】 (2分)Using prompts has proved to be an effective way of grammar practice. The prompts ca n be: ( )A.picturesB.tablesC.key wordsD.mines7【判断题】 (2分)The deductive and inductive teaching methods can be illustrated in this picture. ( )A.对B.错8【判断题】 (2分)That the students are asked to produce language based on pictures and key phrase s provided by the teacher is using chained phrases for storytelling. ( )A.对B.错9【判断题】 (2分)In mechanical practice the focus is on the production, comprehension or exchange o f meaning through the students “keep an eye on” the way newly learned structures ar e used in the process. ( )A.对B.错10【判断题】 (2分)Grammar practice is usually divided into two categories, mechanical practice and mea ningful practice. ( )A.错B.对第八章测试1【单选题】 (2分)Which is not involved in bottom-up processing while listening? ( )A.Recognizing phrases.B.Referring meaning from background knowledge.C.Recognizing structures.D.Recognizing sounds of words.2【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the stage of listening teaching? ( )A.While-listening.B.Predicting.C.Pre-listening.D.Post-listening.3【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the main listening difficulty of learners? ( )A.Quickly forget what is heard.B.Neglect the next part when thinking about meaning.C.Able to form a mental representation from words heard.D.Do not recognize words they know.4【多选题】 (2分)What are two models that are frequently used to describe different processes of listeni ng? ( )A.Top-up model.B.Top-down model.C.Bottom-up model.D.Bottom-down model.5【多选题】 (2分)Which belong to principles for teaching listening? ( )A.Focus on process.B.Combine listening with other skills.C.Focus on the comprehension of meaning.D.Grade difficulty level appropriately.6【多选题】 (2分)What are three main categories that affect the difficulty level of listening tasks accordin g to Anderson and lynch (1988)? ( )A.Context in which the listening occurs.B.Bottom-up and top-down approaches.C.Type of language used.D.Task or purpose in listening.7【判断题】 (2分)Bottom-up and top-down these two processes are mutually dependent. ( ）A.对B.错8【判断题】 (2分)It is important to develop listening skills together with other skills because ordinarily list ening is not an isolated skill. ( )A.错B.对9【判断题】 (2分)Multiple-choice tests play a decisive role in helping students develop good listening ha bits and strategies. ( )A.错B.对10【判断题】 (2分)In the top-down model, listening for gist and making use of the contextual clues and ba ckground knowledge to construct meaning are emphasized. ( )A.对B.错第九章测试1【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the principle for teaching speaking? ( )A.Maximizing meaning interactions.B.Problem-solving activities.C.Personalizing practice.D.Contextualizing practice.2【单选题】 (2分)Which practice is not structure-based with a focus on forms? ( )A.Grammar learning.B.Syntax learning.C.Providing sufficient opportunities for students to develop fluency.D.Vocabulary learning.3【单选题】 (2分)Which of the following activities is often used to develop students’ speaking accurac y? ( )A.Acting out the dialogue in the text.B.Having discussions in groups.C.Describing people in pair.D.Identifying and correcting oral mistakes.4【多选题】 (2分)Like all the other skills, what strategies does speaking involve?( )A.Turn taking.B.Asking for clarification.C.Initiating a conversation.D.Ending a conversation.5【多选题】 (2分)Which belong to common features of spoken language according to Bygate (1987)? ( )A.Using devices such as fillers, hesitation device to give time to think before speaking.B.Taking short cuts, e.g. incomplete sentences.C.Using less complex syntax.D.Using fixed conventional phrases or chunks.6【多选题】 (2分)Which belong to typical speaking tasks? ( )A.Problem-solving activities.B.Dialogues and role-plays.C.Doing translation exercises.D.Information-gap activities.7【判断题】 (2分)Maintaining a balance between accuracy-based and fluency-based practices is essenti al in teaching speaking.( )A.对B.错8【判断题】 (2分)Speaking is the skill that the students will be judged upon most in simulated situation s. ( )A.错B.对9【判断题】 (2分)Problem-solving activities tend to be productive because there is a clear objective to b e reached or problem to be solved and require a higher level of language proficienc y. ( )A.错B.对10【判断题】 (2分)Designing speaking activities that maximize students’ opportunity to speak is one of th e central tasks for language teachers. ( )A.错B.对第十章测试1【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the teaching step of viewing teaching? ( )A.What message does the image transmit?B.What do you feel?C.What can you touch?D.What can you see?2【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the three-dimension paradigm by Serafini (2014)? ( )A.StructuralB.IntellectualC.IdeologicalD.Perceptual3【单选题】 (2分)What is the definition of Visual literacy? ( )A.With technology, images and visual presentations are flourishing more than ever.B.It means student's ability to “use, interpret, analyze, and think critically about visual images and the signi ficance of what they are seeing”.C.This involves exploring how ideas and emotions are expressed and the use of lighting to create an emoti onal or physiological point.D.Visual literacy is based on the idea that can be "read" and that meaning can be through a process of re ading.4【多选题】 (2分)Which are the teaching steps of viewing teaching? ( )A.What can you touch?B.What is the image trying to tell us?C.What can you see?D.What do you feel?5【多选题】 (2分)What are the pedagogical questions that the teacher can use in class to develop learn ers’ visual literacy? ( )A.How could you change/improve this image?B.What more can we find out?C.What does this image say to us?D.Where has this image come from?6【多选题】 (2分)What can be used as visual literacy clues to facilitate identifying the visual products? ( )A.ColorB.ShapeC.GestureD.Lighting7【判断题】 (2分)We need to consider the active viewer as well and engage the students' creative or cur ative responses to the image. ( )A.错B.对8【判断题】 (2分)One of the most effective ways to encourage information to make that important jump f rom the limited short-term memory to the more powerful long-term memory is to pair te xt with images. ( )A.错B.对9【判断题】 (2分)As these students travel on their road to fluency in English, images can provide an eff ective bridge in that learning process. ( )A.错B.对10【判断题】 (2分)Information presented visually is processed extremely quickly by the brain. ( )A.对B.错第十一章测试1【单选题】 (2分)When expectations are set up, what kind of process of reading is ready to begin? ( )A.ForcedB.PassiveC.NegativeD.Active2【单选题】 (2分)What does bottom-up model mean? ( )A.The teacher should teach the background knowledge first, so that students equipped with such knowled ge will be able to guess meaning from the printed page.B.The teacher teaches reading by introducing vocabulary and new words first and then going over the tex t sentence by sentence.C.None of the above.D.Not only linguistic knowledge but also background knowledge is involved in reading.3【单选题】 (2分)Which is not the reading skill that the learners should be developed in reading clas s? ( )A.Making prediction based on vocabulary or titleB.Guessing the word’s meaningC.Cooperating with othersD.Making inference4【多选题】 (2分)What are the principles for reading teaching? ( )A.Prediction is a major factor in reading.B.Students should be encouraged to respond to the content of a reading text, not just to the language.C.Students need to be engaged with what they are reading.D.Good teachers exploit reading texts to the full.5【多选题】 (2分)What are the models for reading teaching? ( )A.Top-down ModelB.Discovery ModelC.Interactive ModelD.Bottom-up Model6【多选题】 (2分)Find out the reading skills that the learners should be cultivated in reading class. ( )A.Making inferenceB.SkimmingC.ScanningD.Guessing the word’s meaning7【判断题】 (2分)As with everything else in lessons, students who are not engaged with the reading tex t will not actively interested in what they are doing. ( )A.错B.对8【判断题】 (2分)In the Top-down Model, the teacher teaches reading by introducing vocabulary and ne w words first and then going over the text sentence by sentence. ( )A.错B.对9【判断题】 (2分)According to the Interactive Model of reading, when one is reading, the brain receive s visual information, and at the same time, interprets or reconstructs the meaning tha t the writer had in mind when he wrote the text. ( )A.错B.对10【判断题】 (2分)Reading comprehension involves extracting the relevant information from the text as e fficiently as possible, connecting the information from the written message with one’s o wn knowledge to arrive at an understanding. ( )A.错B.对第十二章测试1【单选题】 (2分)Which will not help teachers motivate students to write? ( )A.Encourage collaborative group writing as well as individual writing.B.Leave students less room for creativity and imagination.C.Make the topic of writing as close as possible to students' life.D.Provide constructive and positive feedback.2【单选题】 (2分)What product-oriented method of teaching writing mean? ( )A.Writing activities should serve to encourage a process of brainstorming, drafting, writing, feedback, revis ing and editing, which proceeds in a cyclical fashion resembling the writing process of a real writer.B.It pays great attention to the accuracy of the final product but ignores the process, which the students g o through to reach the final goal.C.The process approach to writing does not only pay attention to what students do while they are writing, i t also attaches great importance to what they and the teacher do before they start writing and after they f inish writing.D.What really matter is the help that the teacher provides to guide students through the process that they undergo when they are writing.3【单选题】 (2分)What does process approach to writing mean? ( )A.What really matter is the help that the teacher provides to guide students through the process that they undergo when they are writing.B.Encourage feedback both from themselves.C.Do not give students time to discover what they want to say as they write.D.Teaching writing pays great attention to the accuracy of the final product but ignores the process.4【多选题】 (2分)Which principles can help teachers motivate students to write? ( )A.Leave students enough room for creativity and imagination.B.Provide opportunities for students to share their writings.C.Make the topic of writing as close as possible to students' life.D.Encourage collaborative group writing as well as individual writing.5【多选题】 (2分)Which principles will motivate students to write? ( )A.Give students a sense of achievement from time to time.B.Leave students less room for creativity and imagination.C.。