What用法小结
一,what about与how about
用这两个短语放在句首的简略问句,都可以用来表示征求意见或询问情况.两者可以互换,但有时不能,what about也有别的用法和解释.例如:What about going to Harbin tomorrow
=How about going to Harbin tomorrow
What about the funding Where are we going to get it =How about the funding Where are we going to get it
注意what about有别的用法和解释.例如:
What about it =What shall we do
What about the others(Concerning the others, what is your plan or idea
别的人怎么办(至于别人,人有什么打算或意见)
What about it (Tell me more precisely what you mean.)
这是怎么回事(把你的意思明确的地告诉我.)
二,what if, what of和what for
这三个短语的用法和含义各不相同.What if表示"倘若……将会怎样即使……又有什么关系呢";what of 表示"……的情况怎样……又有什么重要性呢;what for为何目的为什么.例如:
What if it rains while we are out
倘若我们外出遇上下雨,那怎么办呢
What of it 那有什么了不起呢(那又怎么样呢)
Well, and what of it (It has no importance.)
嗯,那又怎么样呢(怎么,那有什么了不起)
What for did you ask that silly question Now he's going to speak for another ten minutes. 你干吗要问那个愚蠢的问题这一来他又得说上十分钟.
What did you do that for
三,what作the thing that 或as much…as解.
What作关系代词,其作用相当于the thing或people that,请比较:
=This is just the book that I have been looking forward to.
The thing that I like most in her is her kindness.
=What I like most in her is her kindness.
The upstart is not what he was ten years ago.
=The upstart is not the man that was ten years ago.
这个暴发户已经不是十年前那个人了.
四,What作关系形容词,其作用相当于as much…as, whatever.请比较:
She will give the sick baby what care she can.
=She will give the sick baby as much care as she can.
Lend me what money you have on hand.
五,What …is或What…are
当what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词要根据表语的内容判断.请比较:
What I need most are two books.
What I need most is only one book.
六,what is+形容词或副词比较级
常用的短语有:what is more而且;what was worse 更糟糕的是;what is better而且更可贵的是;what is the best of all最难能可贵的是,what is more important更重点的是;what is more
disappointing而且更令人失望的是等等.例如:
She said it, and what is more disappointing, she did. 她那样说了,而且更使人失望的是,她还那样做了.
And, what makes the matter worse, she has already taken to smoking. 而且,更糟糕的是,她已经迷上吸烟了.
七,What is…like 和What does…like
前者like是介词,答语是形容词;而后者like是动词其答语是名词.例如:
What is your sister like She is very clever.
What does she like She likes picture books.
八,What is he like 和What is he
前者指外貌和品行等,其答语用形容词;而后考则指职业,其答语是职业名词.例如:
What was he like ten years ago V ery honest.
What was he ten years ago A teacher.
九,What+名词和what+little的区别.
前者表示:"所有的都";而后者表示:"虽少但全部".请比较:
She saved what little money she could out of her slim salary to help her brother go to school. 她从她微薄的薪金中尽量省出一些来帮助她兄弟上学.
She gave her sister what books she had .她把她所有的书都给她妹妹了.
十,what to do在句子中可作主语,宾语,表语等.例如:
What to do next has not been decided.
I don't know what to do with these used desks.
十一,What one is和what one has的区别
前者指一个人的品质或特征;而后者指一个人的财富.请比较:
I married you not for what you have but for what you are.
我嫁给你不是为了你的财富,而是看上了你的人品.
十二,what with…and what with…和what by…and what by…两者表示:"一半由于……一半由于;一方面由于……一方面由于".例如:
What with hard work and what with taking too little care of himself, our headmaster came to leave this world at the age of fifty.
一半由于工作太累,一半由于太不关心自己,所以我们的校长五十岁就去世了.
十三,whatever和no matter what区别
引导让步状语从句时,二者没有区别,但whatever可引导名词性从句也可以作限定词,而no matter what不能.请比较:
Whatever you do, you must do it well.
=No matter what you do, you must do it well.
Whatever you do should be done well.
Whatever books you have, you should often read.
Whatever you say goes. =Anything that you say goes. 无论你说什么,都会照办.
there being与there to be用法区别 1. "There being" 的用法及意义: 1). "There being"可以用作一个介词的复合宾语,跟 "There to be"不同的是:"There to be"往往表 示目前"没有存在"的事物;而"There being"则通常表示"已经存在"的事情。请看: (1). The Chinese are proud of there being the Great Wall in North China. 中国人以在中国北部有个长城而自豪。 注意： there being 还可以作主语： (2)There being a shop here is a great advantage. 这儿有个商店，真是方便极了。 2). "There being" 还可以用作副词, 在语法上叫"独立结构"。如: There being no teacher in the classroom, the pupils began to talk freely. 由于教室里没有教师,学生们开始自由交谈。 3). 作介词的宾语一般用There being句式，但如果是for时,一般用there to be句式。 (1 ) This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变。 (2) The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。 2. "There to be"的用法及意义: 1). "There to be" 可以用作一个动词的宾语,我们通常称之为复合宾语,其意义常表示对将来 的一种意愿或希望,但目前还没"存在"。例: She doesn't hope there to be any quarrel between me and her. 她不希望我们之间有什么争吵。(对将来的一种希望) 2). "There to be"也可以用在句型 "It be + adj. for..."中。例: It is important for there to be a free school for the poor children. 给贫困的孩子建一所免费学校太重要了。
when的用法总结大全 when的用法你知道多少，今天给大家带来when的用法，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 when的用法总结大全 when的意思 adv. 什么时候,(用于时间的表达方式之后)在那时,其时,当时conj. 在…时,既然,如果 pron. 什么时候,那时 n. 时间，时候,日期,场合 when用法 when可以用作副词 when的基本意思是“什么时候”。可用作疑问副词,用来询问某事曾发生或将要发生的时间,引导特殊疑问句; 还可用作关系副词引导限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和表语从句,表示“是…时候的事”。 when可用作从属连词,引导状语从句,表示时间时作“当…时,在…的时候”解; 表示条件时作“如果,要是”解; 表示对比时作“既
然,考虑到”解。当when所引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,常将其主语、系动词或助动词省去,只留实义动词或表语,或者改写为短语。 when所引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时,用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 when用作副词的用法例句 When did that happen?那件事是什么时候发生的? They stood respectfully when he entered the room.当他走进房间时，他们都恭恭敬敬地站着。 Iron will melt when it is made very hot.当铁烧得很热时就会熔化的。 when可以用作连词 when可用作从属连词,引导状语从句,表示时间时作“当…时,在…的时候”解; 表示条件时作“如果,要是”解; 表示对比时作“既然,考虑到”解。当when所引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,常将其主语、系动词或助动词省去,只留实义动词或表语,或者改写为短语。 when所引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时,用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
give 短语动词归纳 1. give sb. a call 给……打电话 He'll give me a call as soon as he arrives. 他一回家就会给我打电话。 2. give a talk 作报告 Mr Wu wants me to give a talk in class tomorrow. 吴老师想让我在明天的课上作报告。 3. give a lecture 作讲座 She is going to give a lecture on American verse. 她要做一个关于美国诗歌的讲座。 4. give back 归还，送回 Please give back my dictionary. 请把字典还给我。 5. give……some advice on 给……一些忠告 We will give you advice on you what NOT to say or do. 我们会给你一些建议，（告诉你）什么不应该说或做。 6. give lessons to 给……上课 When are you going to give us lessons？你什么时候给我们上课？ 7. give in to 屈服于某人/某事 He refused to give in to old age. 他不服老。 8. give up 放弃 Never give up. 绝不言弃。 9. give sb. a chance 给……一次机会 Give me a chance to explain.给我个解释的机会。 10. give a message to…… 给……一个口信 Will you like to have me to give him a message？要我传个话给他么？ 11. give an account of 解释（理由） He demanded that I give an account for my failure. 他要求我对失败做出解释。 12. give out 分发，散发，用光，耗尽 Give out the examination papers. 把试卷发下去。 13. give away 泄密 Don't give away the secret. 这项机密不可泄露。 14. give off 发出（光，烟，气） Chemical changes that give off energy. 化学变化释放能量。 15. give a hand 伸出援手 Let me give you a hand. 我来帮你一把。 16. give over 停止，放弃 Give over complaining! 别再发牢骚了！ 17. give way to 让路，让步 They had to give way to superior forces. 他在强敌面前不得不退却。
Make短语总结 1.make good use of/make full use of 2.Both husband and wife had to work to make ends meet.使收支平衡。 3.After years as an unsuccessful businessman, he finally made it.成功 4.What a strange person she is!I can’t make her out at all.理解，明白 5.The explanation in the schoolbook makes no sense, because the words are hard.讲不通，没意义，不能被理解 6.The teacher asked the children to make up a story about a trip to the moon.编造 7.The actors were making up when we arrived.打扮 8.Mary had to make up for the time she missed in school when she was sick, by studying very hard.弥补 9.The team is made up of nine players.由。。组成 10.He’ll make a good lawyer.有条件成为 11.The large print makes for easier reading.有助于，有利于 12.People in the West make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends. 13.The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard. 14.“Make yourself at home，”the hostess said to me as soon as I entered the house．别拘束，随便 Exercises: 1.（2012年陕西卷13题）No matter where he is , he makes_____ a rule
being的用法小结 句子中的being是不能随便去掉的，在句子中出现being的情况大致分为以下几种： 一，being用作现在分词用法。 （1）一种用作现在分词，是强调正在进行，尤其是在被动语态中的使用，这个时候，being只是一个描述进行时态的符号，如，The trees are being planted,这种用法比较简单，我们也很好分辨。 （2）用作现在分词的时候.being用于作定语中，一般和过去分词连用，放在被说明名词后，表示进行时被动意义：（1）The house being built will be our new laboratory. （2）any text being（作定语，和过去分词translated连用，放在被说明名词any text之后） translated can also be read aloud by GT（google translateor） voice engine。任何被翻译后的文字也都可以被google语音大声的读出来。 （3）being用于状语，一般有逗号，翻译时常加表示状语的词汇，如“由于……”、“……时”等：Being very tiny, ants cannot often be seen by us. （4）还有一种现在分词的用法，是用作独立分词结构，含蓄的表示各种状态：1.There are a large number of different shapes of files, each being made for some particular kind of work.（伴随情况）各种锉刀的形状大不相同，每一种都是为特殊的一类加工而制作的。 （5）being用于介词后“主谓”结构中，即“介词+名词或代词+being+…”。这时介词宾语是一种复合宾语。其中being为现在分词。例如： 1.The pressure of a gas varies inversely as its volume, with temperature being constant.在温度不变条件下，气体压力是和其体积成反比的。 二，being用作动名词时，“being+过去分词”作介词宾语或动词宾语的用法 1.Water has the property of dissolving sugar, sugar (has)the property of being dissolved by water.（介词宾语）水具有溶解糖的特性，糖则具有被水溶解的特性。
[动词短语聚焦] 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1．look at…看…，look like … 看上去像……，look after …照料… 2．listen to…听…… 3．welcome to…欢迎到…… 4．say hello to …向……问好5．speak to…对……说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A．动词（vt.）+副词 1．put on 穿上2．take off脱下3．write down记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。 B．动词（vi）+副词。 1．come on赶快2．get up起床3．go home 4．come in进来5．sit down坐下6．stand up起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将教材中常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。 1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。 2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。 3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。 4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。 5．in the tree表示“在树上(非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。 6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。 7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。 8．at + 时刻表示钟点。9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。 10．of短语表示所属关系。11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。 12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。 另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。 如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the mi ddle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。 [重点句型大回放] 1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb. 3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。 4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。 5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内， 6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换. 7．What about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。 8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或
make 用法及短语 、 make 的复合宾语。英语中 make 一词用法甚多，是使用频率最高的动词之一，而 作使役动词的用法也很常见。 意思是“使成为”、“使作为”、“使变成”， 其后的复合宾语 （即 宾语 +宾语补足语）有以下表达方式： 1. make +宾语 +名词（作宾语补足语） Most pop singers make music their career. 大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。 Bill Gates ' Microsoft makes him a phenomenon in the business world. 比尔?盖茨的微软使他成为商界的一个奇才。 What makes the ocean such a great place to live? 究竟是什么东西使大海成为如此优越的生活场所呢 European football is played in 80 countries ， making it the most popular sport in the world. 80 个国家踢欧式足球，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的运动。 After all ， what makes a new invention such a wonderful thing is that it allows us to do something we could not do before ． 毕竟， 一项发明之所以成为如此奇妙的事情就在于它可以让我们做以前不能做的事。 2. make +宾语+不带 to 的不定式（作宾语语补足语） Nobody made us go to bed at a certain time. 没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。 Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world ； rock music makes people think about the world and how to make their life better ． 流行音乐令人松弛安心， 忘记这真实的世界， 而摇滚乐使人思考这个世界和如何改善 自己的生活。 Nothing can make me turn against my country ． Love may create the wonder ， and may make people become satisfied and optimistic ． 爱可以创造奇迹， 可以让人变得满足和乐观。 Children should be made to understand the importance of saving water ． 应该让孩子们理解节水的重要性。 3. make +宾语+形容词（作宾语补足语） But I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of making black and make 什么也不能使我背叛我的祖国。 注意：但改成被动语态时， 则要加 to 。
认真将楼主的总结从头到尾看了一遍，总结起来，正确的being用法就是3种： 1、n.+be动词+being+done我们都知道being最典型的错误之一就是n.+being done，只要多加了一个be动词，这就成了合理的被动语态+进行时态，因此正确； 2、prep./固定接动名词的短语或动词+being，因为这是固定搭配，这里边就拿being当be动词的ing形式，自然很好理解； 3、n.+being done，实际上being done是being引导的短语作n.的后置定语。 我们知道，分词短语可以作后置定语，那么为什么不直接用doing做后置定语，而用being done呢？就是有的时候这个doing的动作和被修饰的n.之间是被动关系，所以用being done 来表示被动。 第9题即是如此：The computer software being designed for a project studying Native American access to higher education will not only meet the needs of that study, but also have the versatility and power to facilitate similar research endeavors. (D-P10-15) 这里的being done相当于是software的后置定语，但是design和software之间又不是主谓关系，而是动宾关系，需要用被动，所以就多加了一个being，将doing的后置定语改成了being done的形式 Over... 欢迎补充和指正！ 我觉得三点当中，prep.+being和n+be动词+being+done. 做题目的时候，也发现几乎全是对的. （我做过的OG和prep笔记上，至少是这样的）. 并且，我还总结了3点being必错的，也是看语法说看来的：（格式非常严格，要不然不能排除） 1. n+being+done（n 和being中间加上其他东西，就不一定了！！） 2. being+adj. （being后面不论是so adj，还是直接adj等等，必错！） 3. being+n. （也是直接排除，不用看being前面是什么） 4. there+being（这是there句型必错的4个之一. 其他3个好像是：there+be+n+done. / there+be+a/an+抽象名词/....还有一个忘记了，there be是表自然存在的，因此，there be 出现的选项很可能是错的，因为它不能表具体动作间的关系） 还有个就是，很多人说逗号后面直接加to do，选项错误率很高. 但是，根据做题经验，这是不一定的，要看清，前边的逗号是不是放了个插入语什么的. 总的来说，我觉得做语法题，最好的一个方法还是看逻辑意思. 小技巧只是用来加快速度，增强排除信息的. 祝大家考试都加油^-^....
when 的用法 一、when 用作副词。 1. 用作疑问副词，引导特殊疑问句。(什么时候，何时 [at what time ])例如： ①When will you come to see me? ②When are they going to visit the Great Wall? 2. 用作连接副词，通常用来引导名词性从句[主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句]及起名词作用的“when ＋动词不定式”结构。(什么时候，何时 [at which; on which ])例如： ①When he comes is not known. [主语从句] ②The morning is when I am busiest. [表语从句] ④I don't know when the plane takes off. [宾语从句] ⑤I don't know when to leave for London. [宾语] 3. 用作关系副词，引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。(在…的时候 [at/on/in/during which])例如： ①Do you still remember the days when we stayed in America? ②The day will come soon when the Chinese astronauts will go to the moon. ③It happened ten years ago, when I was a child. ④We will go to the countryside at the beginning of June, when the summer harvest will start. 二 . when 用作连词。 1. 用作从属连词，意为“当……的时候[at the time when ]”，引导时间状语从句。例如： ①They learned a lot from the peasants when they stayed in the village. ②It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 【点津】如果 when 引导的从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词是“be ＋分词”或从句主语是 it ，则 be 动词及其主语常可省略。例如： ③When（ he was ）asked why he was late, he made no answer. ④I'll tell him about it when（ it is ）possible. 2. 用作从属连词，意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。[immediately after]例如： ①We will stand up when the teacher comes into the classroom. 老师一进教室我们就起立。 ②Fire the rockets when I give the signal. 3. 用作从属连词，意为“还没 / 刚刚/刚一……就”，引导时间状语从句。[immediately after]例如： ①I had hardly opened the door when he came in. 我刚一开门，他就进来了。 ②I had not been reading for half an hour when I heard someone call my name. 【点津】hardly…when和no sooner…than的结构要注意三点：意思为“一A就B“；A句通常用完成时态；hardly 和 no sooner 位于句首时要注意部分倒装。 4. 用作从属连词，意为“倘若，如果”，表示条件。例如： ①Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine. 如果机器发生故障，就把电源关上。 ②He will be likely to recover when he is operated on. 5. 用作从属连词，意为“既然，尽管”，表示让步。例如： ①Why use metal when you can use plastic?既然能用塑料,为什么用金属? ②They kept trying when they knew it was hopeless. 尽管他们知道那件事没有希望，可是他们还在不断地努力。6. 用作并列连词，意为“在那时，届时;就在这时”，表示时间。这时主句中可以用过去进行时，过去完成时或“ was/were about to do sth. ”结构。 ①Last night I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. ②I was cooking in the kitchen when someone knocked at the door. ③He had just finished the book when supper was served. 7. 用作并列连词，意为“虽然、然而、可是”，表示转折。例如： ①He usually walks to work when he might take a bus. 虽然他可 以坐公共汽车上班，但他却常常步行上班。 ②I had only twenty dollars when I needed thirty to buy the dictionary.我需要 30 美元买那本字典，可是我只有20美元。 8. 用作并列连词，意为“而、却”，表示对比。例如： How can he say that everything is fine when it's obvious that it is not? 他怎能说一切都好呢？情况显然不是那样。 三 . when 用作代词[which time]。 when 作为代词常常位于介词之后，意为“那时，什么时候”。例如： ①Since when have you been studying Japanese? 【点津】since when 作引导词时是“介词（since）+关系代词（when）”的结构，when意为which time。since when常引导非限制性定语从句，从句应用完成时态。 ②I came here in 1949, since when I have been engaged in this work. 我1949年到这里，从那时起我就担任这项工作。 ③We came back on Tuesday, since when we have been working in the repair shop. ④We came a week ago, since when the weather has been bad. 四、when 还可用作名词，前面常常用定冠词 the。 the when 表示事 件发生的时间,常常与 the where, the how 并列使用。 He told the police the when and the how of the accident. 他告 诉警察事故发生的时间及发生的原委。 ［巩固练习］ 1. I remember ______ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what 2. Why do you want a new job _____ you've got such a good one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when 3. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ______ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when 4. We are living in an age _______ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. where D. when 5. The reporter said that the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it. A. was travelling B. travelled C. had been travelling D. was to travel 6. ______ got into the room _________ the telephone rang. A. He hardly had; then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; than D. Not had he; when 7. ---- Can I join your club, Dad? ---- You can when you _______ a bit older. A. get B. will got C. are getting D. will have got 8. I shall never forget those days ________ I lived in the countryside with the farmers, ________ had a great effect on my life. A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who 9. The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that faraway village. A. until B. that C. when D. where 10. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.
初中英语常用短语总结 1.a bit of有一点儿 2.a big dinner一顿丰盛的正餐 3.a bottle of一瓶 4.a can of一听，一罐 5.a cup of一茶杯 6.a few一些；少数几个 7.a few days ago几天前 8.a few months ago几个月前 9.a few weeks ago几周前 10.a few years ago几年前 11.a glass of一玻璃杯 12.a drop of water一滴水 13.a family of three people一个三口之家 14.a great many非常多的 15.agree to do sth.同意做某事 16.a half一半 17.a kind of一种；一类 18.a large[great]number of许多 19.a little一点，少量 20.a little+比较级 21.a long time ago很久以前 22.a lot(of)许多；多数 23.a moment later片刻之后 24.a TV set电视机 25.and so on等等 26.a number of若干的；许多的 27.a pair of shoes(gloves,glasses,socks,scissors,trousers)一对；一副 28.a piece of一块（张，片，只） 29.a type of一种型号的…… 30.a sleeping baby正睡的孩子 31.a shop assistant售货员，店员 32.a waste of time浪费时间 33.another way of saying sth.某物的另一种说法 34.after a while过了一会儿 35.after breakfast早饭后
m a k e用法及短语总结
make用法及短语 一、make的复合宾语。英语中make一词用法甚多，是使用频率最高的动词之一，而make作使役动词的用法也很常见。意思是“使成为”、“使作为”、“使变成”，其后的复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）有以下表达方式： 1. make +宾语+名词（作宾语补足语） Most pop singers make music their career.大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。 Bill Gates’ Microsoft makes him a phenomenon in the business world. 比尔·盖茨的微软使他成为商界的一个奇才。 What makes the ocean such a great place to live? 究竟是什么东西使大海成为如此优越的生活场所呢? European football is played in 80 countries， making it the most popular sport in the world. 80个国家踢欧式足球，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的运动。 After all， what makes a new invention such a wonderful thing is that it allows us to do something we could not do before． 毕竟，一项发明之所以成为如此奇妙的事情就在于它可以让我们做以前不能做的事。 2. make +宾语+不带to的不定式（作宾语语补足语） Nobody made us go to bed at a certain time.没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。 Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world； rock music makes people think about the world and how to make their life better．
Being done的用法 一、与be动词一起构成现在进行时的被动语态（am/ is/ are being done）和过去进行时的被动语态（was/ were being done）。如： The new houses are being painted.这些新房子还在刷漆。 When I went to pay him a visit, he was being examined by a doctor. 当我去看他时，他正在接受医生的检查。 二、作后置定语，修饰某一名词，表示某一被动动作正在进行。如： The meeting being held now is of great importance. 现在正在开的会很重要。 上面的句子也可以变成含有定语从句的句子： The meeting which is being held now is of great importance. 注意：being done，to be done与done均可作后置定语，其区别为：being done表示正在发生的被动动作；to be done表示将要发生的被动动作；而done表示已经发生的被动动作。如： The house to be built here next year belongs to Fred. 明年将在这里建的房屋是弗雷德的。 The house built here last year belongs to Fred. 去年在这里建的房屋是弗雷德的。 三、作某些及物动词或介词的宾语。如： John hates being laughed at in public. 约翰不喜欢当众被嘲笑。 Do you mind being left alone at home. 把你一个人留在家里你介意吗？ My class teacher was honoured for being devoted to the cause of the education. 我的班主任因致力于教育事业受到了表彰。 四、有时作主语或用在see，hear，feel等少量感官动词后作宾语补足语。如：Being lost can be a terrifying experience.迷路可能是一种可怕的经历。（作主语）He heard the song being sung next door. 他听到隔壁有人在唱这首歌。（作宾补）Having been done 和done用法的区别 1.done是过去分词，having been done是现在分词完成时的被动语态。两个都可以表示“完成＋被动。”但作状语时，having been done表示该动作发生在主句动作之前；而done则不强调这层含义； Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking. Not having been invited, he felt very unhappy. （分词完成式的被动语态(having been done)强调分词动作先于谓语动词）Killed, she couldn't stop her blood from going chilled. Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. （过去分词也表示被动，但没有强调动作先后的含义） 2. done可作定语而having been done一般不作定语。 The concert given by the symphony orchesta was a great success. They are problems left over by history. 完成体的分词一般不作定语，若要表达完成意义最好用定语从句。如： 我们一般不说：The girl having won the race is my deskmate. 而常这样说：The girl who has won the race is my deskmate. 但非限定性的完成体作定语或如果分词所修饰的词是泛指则没有这个限制。如：Anyone having passed the test has got a prize. 任何通过考试的人都能得到一份奖品。
Come动词短语总结 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e about (1)发生 (2)出现 (3)改变方向 How did this come about? 事情是如何发生的？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e across (1)偶然遇见 (2)拜访 (3)被理解，接受 Have you come across this problem? 你遇到过这个问题吗？ I perhaps come across him tomorrow. 明天我可能会偶遇他。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e along (1)出现 (2)跟随 Come along, will you? 你一块儿来吗？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e around(round) (1)恢复，还原 (2)苏醒 (3)顺便拜访 (4)到来Come round any evening. 晚上有空来串门。 May Day will soon come around.劳动节快来了。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e back (1)回来 (2)回忆起 We will come back later. 我们一会儿回来。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e by (1)经过 (2)得到 He has just come by. 他刚刚走过去。 Wisdom comes by suffering. 吃一堑，长一智。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e down下来 Has his temperature come down? 他退烧了吗？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e off (1)成功 (2)脱落 (3)下班 (4)胡说 (5)远离 Come off the grass! 不要践踏草坪！ The handle has come off. 把手掉了。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e out (1)出来 (2)开花 (3)出版 (4)结果是 His book came out on time. 他的书如期出版了。 How did things come out? 事情的结果如何？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e over (1)经过 (2)被理解 Please come over here. 请这边走。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e up (1)上来 (2)升起 (3)（将要）发生 Has something come up? 出什么事了？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e true变为事实 His words really come true. 他的话真的应验了。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/305433189.html,e up with (1)追上 (2)想出 I had to run to come up with her. 我不得不跑着追上她。 Next, come up with solutions. 下一步，想出解决办法来。