2017年商务英语写作高级培训模板辅导一

bec作文高级模板BEC Writing Advanced Template。

The Business English Certificate (BEC) exam is designed to assess the English language skills of individuals who are working or seeking employment in an international business environment. The writing section of the BEC exam requires candidates to demonstrate their ability to communicate effectively in a business context. In this article, we will discuss an advanced template for writing the BEC exam, focusing on the format, structure, and language features that are essential for achieving a high score.Introduction。

The introduction is the opening paragraph of the writing task, and it should provide a clear and concise overview of the topic. In the case of a BEC writing task, the introduction should briefly introduce the topic and provide some background information. It should also clearly state the purpose of the writing and outline the main points that will be discussed in the body of the text.Body。

商务英语BEC高级写作部分综合指导(一)写作部分BEC HIGHER写作部分主要涉及商业信函和图表写作两部分的内容，现具体介绍如下：商业信函第一章格式问题1. 格式问题：请同学们在BEC的写作中采用平头式的写法。

收信人的姓名和地址置于信纸的左上方地址、称呼和结束礼词后没有标点符号日期在右上方段落从定格开始，段落之间的行距为两行（但在考试中由于受答题卡限制，请同学们酌情考虑）写信人的名字和头衔在签名下方2. 称呼和结束礼词的注意事项：称呼的写法遵循下列原则：Dear Sir or Madam 写信给某一公司，不确定具体的收信人Dear Sir 对男士，但是你不知道他的具体姓名Dear Madam 对女士，但是你不知道他的具体姓名Dear Mr Smith 对男士Dear Ms Smith 对已婚或未婚的女士Dear Mrs Smith 对已婚女士Dear Miss Smith 对未婚女士Dear John (此处John 为英语中常用男名) 对朋友或你比较熟悉的人（通常为多年生意伙伴）称呼与结束礼词存在对应的关系，请同学们特别注意：Dear Mr/Ms/Mrs/Miss Smith Yours sincerelyDear John Best wishes以下均为错误用法：Dear Mr JohnDear Mr John Smith3. 日期：在英国英语中，天在前，但是在美国英语中，月份在前。

所以某些特别的时期容易引起误解。

例如：12 06 2003在英国指的是：6月21日在美国指的是：12月6日因此日期要写成：12 June 2003商务英语BEC高级写作部分综合指导(二)要记住月份使用大些字母开头。

天后不必写th、rd、nd或者st。

预备参加bec考试的同学们由于缺乏商务写作的实际经验，对于写作部分都比较郁闷。

恩波结合历年考试实际，为大家准备了15类共计50个经典的实战句型，供大家在考场上使用。

Article 1:Mastering Email Etiquette in BusinessIn the dynamic realm of business, email communication serves as a critical tool for swift and efficient correspondence. Mastering the subtleties of email etiquette is akin to wielding a powerful instrument that can either enhance or diminish your professional image. Let's unravel the intricacies of effective email communication within the confines of a thousand characters.1. Formal Prelude: Greetings and SalutationsGreet your recipients formally, setting the right tone for your message. Whether it's a simple "Dear [Name]," or a more elaborate salutation, choose with the same care as in face-to-face interactions. This initial touch sets the stage for a professional exchange.2. Navigating the Body: Clarity and ConcisenessKeep the body of your email clear and concise. Craft sentences with precision, avoiding unnecessary jargon. State your purpose or message clearly, ensuring the recipient grasps the essence swiftly. Enhance readability with effective paragraph usage, and consider bullet points for conveying lists or key points.3. Attachments and Signatures: The Polished FinaleAttachments should be relevant; compress large files to prevent inbox congestion. A professional email signature adds a touch of polish, akin to leaving a business card. Ensure it includes essential contact information.4. Dos and Don'ts: Navigating Professional Waters- Do Proofread: Errors erode credibility. Proofread before sending.- Don't Overuse Capitals: It can convey shouting. Use capitalization judiciously.- Do Respond Promptly: Timely responses are valued in the fast-paced business world.- Don't Overuse Exclamation Marks: Too many can seem unprofessional.5. Cultural Sensitivity: A Global PerspectiveIn global business, cultural sensitivity is crucial. Be aware that communication norms vary. Always consider cultural context, especially when dealing with international contacts.6. Practical Exercise: Crafting a Professional EmailDraft a professional email applying the principles discussed. Consider formality, message clarity, attachment relevance, and a professional signature. Share drafts for constructive feedback, refining your email skills.In mastering email etiquette, you refine a practical skill while shaping perceptions of professionalism in the digital domain. Each email is an opportunity to convey competence, respect, and clarity—a crucial weave in the tapestry of successful business communication.Article 2:The Art of Business PresentationsIn the intricate tapestry of business, the ability to deliver compelling presentations is a skill that can set you apart. Beyond simply sharing information, a well-crafted business presentation has the power to influence decisions, convey ideas persuasively, and showcase your expertise. Let's delve deeper into the art of creating and delivering impactful business presentations, navigating the nuances that elevate a presentation from ordinary to extraordinary.1. Understanding Your Audience: The Foundation of Impactful PresentationsThe starting point for any impactful presentation is a deep understanding of your audience. Consider their level of familiarity with the topic, their interests, and what key takeaways will resonate with them. Tailoring your content to meet the needs and expectations of your audience ensures that your presentation captures and maintains their attention.2. Crafting a Compelling Narrative: Weaving a Story That ResonatesMove beyond mere data delivery by crafting a compelling narrative. A well-structured story not only engages your audience but also helps in conveying complex information more effectively. Consider incorporating anecdotes, case studies, or real-world examples that illustrate your points and make your content more relatable.3. Visual Appeal: Enhancing Understanding Through DesignVisual elements play a crucial role in enhancing audience comprehension and retention. Utilize clear, visually appealing slides with concise text, impactful images, and, if applicable, relevant graphs or charts. Ensure that your visual elements align with your narrative, reinforcing key points without overwhelming your audience with information.4. Engaging Delivery: The Art of Captivating Your AudienceThe manner in which you deliver your presentation is as important as the content itself. Maintain a confident posture, make eye contact, and modulate your voice to keep your audience engaged. Encourage interaction through questions or discussions, fostering a sense of participation that transforms your presentation into a dialogue.5. Handling Q&A Sessions: Navigating Challenges with GraceAnticipate potential questions and prepare thoughtful responses to ensure confidence during the Q&A session. If faced with a question you don't know the answer to, admitit gracefully and commit to providing the information later. This authenticity enhances your credibility and builds trust with your audience.6. Technological Proficiency: Leveraging Tools for ImpactEmbrace technology judiciously. Ensure you are proficient in the tools you use, whether it's presentation software, interactive polls, or other engagement features. Technological hiccups can detract from your message, so familiarity and preparedness are key.7. Post-Presentation Follow-Up: Maximizing Impact Beyond the RoomDon't let the impact of your presentation end when you leave the room. Follow up with your audience by sharing additional resources, answering lingering questions, or seeking feedback. This post-presentation engagement reinforces your commitment to providing value and opens the door for continued collaboration.8. Practical Exercise: Crafting Your Impactful PresentationApply these principles by crafting your impactful presentation. Consider your audience, structure your content into a compelling narrative, design visually appealing slides, practice your delivery, and anticipate potential questions. Share your presentation with peers for constructive feedback, refining your skills through collaborative insights.In mastering the art of business presentations, you transform from a mere presenter into a storyteller, capturing the attention and imagination of your audience. The ability to convey ideas persuasively through presentations is a hallmark of effective communication in the professional realm.Article 3: Crafting Effective Business ReportsIn the intricate landscape of business, the ability to distill complex information into clear and impactful reports is a skill that can significantly influence decision-making. Today, we explore the art of crafting effective business reports, delving into the key elements that transform raw data into compelling narratives.1. Understanding the Purpose: Foundations of a Strong ReportEvery business report has a purpose, whether it's informing stakeholders, analyzing performance, or recommending strategies. Before diving into the data, clearly define the report's purpose. Understanding why the report is being created lays the foundation for a coherent and focused narrative.2. Data Collection and Analysis: The Building Blocks of InsightsGather data meticulously, ensuring its relevance to the report's purpose. Employ robust analysis techniques to derive meaningful insights. Visualization tools such as charts and graphs can aid in presenting complex data in an accessible and comprehensible manner.3. Clarity in Structure: Guiding the Reader's JourneyA well-structured report acts as a roadmap for the reader. Start with a clear introduction that outlines the purpose and scope of the report. Divide the main body into sections, each addressing a specific aspect. Use headings, subheadings, and a logical flow to guide the reader through the information seamlessly.4. Executive Summary: A Snapshot of Key FindingsThe executive summary is the gateway to your report. Craft a concise summary that encapsulates the key findings and recommendations. Executives and stakeholders often rely on the executive summary to grasp the report's essence without delving into the details.5. Visual Appeal: Enhancing Comprehension Through DesignVisual elements add a layer of clarity and engagement to reports. Incorporate charts, graphs, and infographics strategically. Choose visuals that amplify the narrative and make complex information more accessible. A visually appealing report invites readers to engage with the content.6. Language Precision: Communicating with ImpactLanguage is the thread that weaves your data into a narrative. Use precise and concise language to convey your findings. Avoid unnecessary jargon, and explain technical terms when needed. The goal is to ensure that readers, regardless of their background, can grasp the information effortlessly.7. Recommendations and Actionable Insights: Guiding Decision-MakingA compelling business report goes beyond presenting data; it provides actionable insights and recommendations. Clearly articulate the implications of the data and propose concrete steps for decision-makers. This transforms your report from an informative document to a tool for strategic decision-making.8. Editing and Proofreading: Polishing the Final ProductBefore presenting your report, invest time in editing and proofreading. Check for coherence, consistency, and clarity. Ensure that data is accurately presented, and that language is free from errors. A polished report reflects professionalism and enhances its impact.9. Peer Review: Collaborative RefinementEngage in peer review to gather feedback from colleagues. Peers can offer valuable insights, identify potential gaps, and provide a fresh perspective on the report. Collaborative refinement ensures that your report stands up to scrutiny and resonates with a diverse audience.10. Practical Exercise: Crafting Your Business ReportApply the principles learned by crafting your business report. Choose a relevant topic, gather and analyze data, structure your report, and incorporate visuals. Seek feedback from peers to refine your report, and reflect on the process to enhance your skills in future report crafting endeavors.Crafting effective business reports is a dynamic blend of art and science. It requires a keen understanding of data, a mastery of language, and an appreciation for design. As you embark on the journey of report crafting, remember that a well-crafted report is not just a document; it's a powerful tool for driving informed decisions and shaping the trajectory of business success.Article 4: Mastering Negotiation Language and Strategies Negotiation is the art of reaching agreements, a delicate dance where language and strategy intertwine. As we delve deeper into the intricacies of negotiation, let's explore advanced language techniques and strategic maneuvers that elevate the negotiation process to an art form.1. Mastering Emotional Intelligence: The Power of EmpathyEmotional intelligence is a formidable asset in negotiation. Cultivate empathy to understand the emotions and perspectives of the other party. Acknowledging and validating emotions creates a foundation of trust, paving the way for more collaborative and fruitful negotiations.2. Advanced Questioning Techniques: Probing for InsightsBeyond basic questioning, advanced techniques involve strategic probing. Utilize open-ended questions to encourage detailed responses and delve deeper into the motivations and priorities of the other party. Skillful questioning unveils hidden insights and positions you strategically in the negotiation landscape.3. Creating Value: Beyond Win-WinMove beyond the concept of win-win to the realm of creating value. Seek opportunities to expand the pie and generate outcomes that exceed initial expectations. This approach requires creativity, flexibility, and a focus on mutual gains, fostering long-term relationships beyond the negotiation table.4. Tactical Silence: A Powerful Negotiation ToolSilence is a potent tool in negotiation. Master the art of strategic silence to prompt the other party to reveal more information or make concessions. It creates a pause that invites reflection and can tilt the negotiation dynamics in your favor.5. Anchoring and Framing: Shaping PerceptionsAnchoring involves setting the initial terms of a negotiation, influencing subsequent discussions. Framing, on the other hand, shapes how information is perceived. Learn to leverage anchoring and framing techniques to establish favorable reference points and guide the narrative of the negotiation.6. Managing Concessions: Strategic YieldingConcessions are inevitable in negotiation, but their timing and magnitude matter. Learn to manage concessions strategically, yielding when necessary but always in exchange for something of value. This approach maintains your leverage and prevents unilateral concessions that erode your position.7. Dealing with Difficult Tactics: Counteracting ManipulationIn negotiation, you may encounter difficult tactics such as aggression, stonewalling, or other forms of manipulation. Develop strategies to counteract these tactics, maintaining composure, and steering the negotiation back to a collaborative and constructive path.8. Multi-Party Negotiations: Navigating Complex DynamicsMastering negotiation in multi-party settings adds a layer of complexity. Understand the dynamics between various parties, identify common interests, and strategically align with allies when necessary. Adapting your language and strategy to suit the intricate web of relationships is key in multi-party negotiations.9. Cultural Sensitivity in Negotiation: Tailoring ApproachesBuilding on our exploration of cross-cultural communication, delve into the nuances of cultural sensitivity specifically in negotiation. Adapt your language and strategies to align with the negotiation norms of different cultures, enhancing your effectiveness in diverse settings.10. Practical Exercise: Simulated Advanced Negotiation ScenarioEngage in a simulated negotiation scenario that incorporates advanced techniques. Navigate through complex dynamics, manage concessions strategically, and employ anchoring and framing tactics. Reflect on the experience, seeking feedback from peers to refine your advanced negotiation skills.In mastering advanced negotiation language and strategies, you elevate your ability to navigate complex scenarios, build collaborative relationships, and achieve outcomes that go beyond the surface of a typical negotiation. Embrace the nuances of this art form, and remember that each negotiation is an opportunity for continuous refinement and growth.Article 5: Cross-Cultural Communication in BusinessCross-cultural communication is not merely a skill; it's a dynamic journey of understanding, respect, and successful collaboration. As we immerse ourselves in the intricacies of cross-cultural communication on this fifth day, let's delve deeper into mastering the art, addressing challenges, and leveraging opportunities for a harmonious global business landscape.1. Beyond Language: The Essence of Cultural CommunicationWhile language is a crucial component, cross-cultural communication extends beyond mere words. Explore the nuances of non-verbal communication, including gestures, facial expressions, and body language. Understanding and adapting to these subtle cues enhance your ability to convey and interpret messages accurately.2. Building Cultural Bridges: Bridging the Perception GapThe perception gap arises when individuals from different cultures interpret actions or statements differently. Learn to bridge this gap by fostering open communication. Encourage dialogue to clarify intentions and address potential misunderstandings promptly, building a foundation of trust and transparency.3. Adapting Communication Styles: A Balancing ActBalancing your communication style to align with the expectations of diverse cultures is an essential skill. Adapt to the level of formality, directness, and context-appropriate communication prevalent in different cultures. Flexibility in your approach fosters a more inclusive and collaborative business environment.4. Navigating Hierarchical Differences: Respectful CommunicationHierarchical structures vary significantly across cultures, influencing communication dynamics. In cultures with strong hierarchical norms, respectful communication is paramount. Understand how status and authority influence interactions and adapt your language to convey respect appropriately.5. The Role of Humor: Cultural Sensitivity in LevityHumor is a powerful tool in communication, but its interpretation varies widely across cultures. Exercise caution when incorporating humor, ensuring it aligns with cultural norms and avoids potential misunderstandings. Cultural sensitivity in the use of levity enhances the positive impact of your communication.6. Time and Patience: Keys to Cross-Cultural UnderstandingTime operates differently in various cultures, impacting punctuality, decision-making, and communication speed. Cultivate patience and recognize that building understanding takes time. Avoid rushing through interactions, allowing for a more comprehensive exchange of ideas and perspectives.7. Feedback Across Cultures: Constructive Criticism with SensitivityThe manner in which feedback is delivered and received varies across cultures. Tailor your feedback approach to align with cultural expectations. Emphasize constructive criticism, framing feedback in a way that fosters improvement without causing offense.8. High-Context vs. Low-Context Cultures: Adapting to Communication StylesCultures are often categorized as high-context or low-context based on communication styles. High-context cultures rely on implicit communication, while low-context cultures emphasize explicit communication. Recognize these distinctions and adapt your communication style accordingly to enhance mutual understanding.9. Addressing Conflict: Cultural Nuances in ResolutionConflict resolution approaches differ across cultures. Some cultures favor direct confrontation, while others may value indirect resolution methods. Develop a nuanced understanding of cultural preferences in conflict resolution, adapting your approach to align with the cultural context.10. Practical Exercise: Real-time Cross-Cultural ScenarioEngage in a real-time cross-cultural scenario to apply the principles discussed. Navigate through a business interaction with counterparts from diverse cultural backgrounds. Pay attention to communication styles, adaptability, and conflict resolution strategies. Reflect on the experience, seeking feedback from peers to refine your cross-cultural communication mastery.Mastering cross-cultural communication is an ongoing journey of discovery and adaptation. As you navigate the diverse landscapes of global business interactions, remember that each cultural exchange is an opportunity to broaden your perspective, enhance collaboration, and contribute to a more interconnected and harmonious global business community.。

商务英语BEC高级课文辅导商务英语BEC高级课文辅导1学习重点1. Text: No longer poles apart2. Arranging a course3. Vocabulary consolidation4. Memo writing5. Oral Practice --- Training Opportunities6. HomeworkI. Reading.No longer Poles apartPolish adj. 波兰的;subsidiary n.子公司be poles apart = be widely separated相距甚远e.g. The employers and the trade union leaders are still poles apart.雇主们与工会领袖们的意见仍然相差太远。

(如有关工资问题)Para.1President(AmE)/ Chairman(BrE) 总裁，董事长Board of DirectorsCEO (Chief Executive Officer)/ MD (Managing Director) 总经理acquire v. 收购(n. acquisition)merge v. (merger n. ) withinvestment n.投资(v. invest)major /massive/sizeable investmenttake something ↔over接受，接管to take control of somethingHis only reason for investing in the company was to take itover.Ruth moved into our apartment and promptly took over.--- takeover n.Warsaw-based 总部位于华沙-based: 总部位于：headquarters, head officebranch, officetoiletries noun [plural] things such as soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself 日化用品turnover noun1 [singular, uncountable] British English the amount of business done during a particular period营业额2 [singular, uncountable] the rate at which people leave an organization and are replaced by others 员工流动的比率turnover ofLow pay accounts for the high turnover.staff/labour turnovera high degree of labour turnover among womenWroclaw 弗罗茨瓦夫(波兰西南部城市)￡11m:读做11 million poundsbrand 牌子=makeexport v.& n. 出口Para. 2in spite of 不管approach verb▶MOVE TOWARDS◀接近[intransitive and transitive] to move towards or nearer to someone or somethingShe heard footsteps approaching. 她听见脚步声越来越近。

美森教育如何写出长难句？•1.被动语态•2.伴随状态•3.过去分词作后置定语•4.非限制性定语从句•5.副词开头•6.时间状语如何写出长难句？美森教育•1.被动语态•Regarding the complaints, the bar chart shows a slight fluctuation .•Regarding the complaints, a slight fluctuation could be seen in the bar chart.•Unlike the first two products, we predicted that cookers would go through a fluctuation. •Unlike the first two products, cookers are predicted to go through a fluctuation.美森教育美森教育•2.伴随状态•It started at 19% in 2009 and reached the peak of 21% in the next year.•It started at 19% in 2009, reaching the peak of 21% in the next year.•The number declines slightly and it drops to 6 million in winter.•The number declines slightly, dropping to 6 million in winter.美森教育美森教育•2.伴随状态•Unit sales begins at 5000 in the first quarter and will soar to 10000 during the next two quarters, and significantly declines to 5000 in the end.•Beginning at/with 5000 in the first quarter, unit sales will soar to 10000 during the next two quarters, and significantly declines to 5000 in the end.•Then in the last period of the study, this figure rose more than 200 and it became the peak in these 12 weeks presented in this research.•Then in the last period of the study, this figure rose more than 200, _becoming_____the peak in these 12 weeks presented in this research.美森教育美森教育•2.伴随状态•In spite of the slight fall in 2010, the annual increase in industrial output of foreign ‐invested industry underwent a drastic rise to 18% and it equaled the level of 2011 for non ‐state industry.•In spite of the slight fall in 2010, the annual increase in industrial output of foreign ‐invested industry underwent a drastic rise to 18%, __equaling____ the level of 2011 for non ‐state industry.美森教育•3.过去分词作后置定语•We can see that this conference was mostly visited by individuals with 100 people and it was followed by visitors from small companies.•We can see that this conference was mostly visited by individuals with 100 people, followed by visitors from small companies.美森教育•3.过去分词作后置定语•The company’s annual percentage started at approximately 12% in 2009 and it was followed by a marginal increase to 13%.•The company’s annual percentage started at approximately 12% in 2009,followed by a marginal increase to 13%.美森教育美森教育•4.非限制性定语从句•Specifically, the number of complaints per100,000 passenger journeys arrived below 200 in the second period due to slight decline in the first period with 200 complaints.•Specifically, the number of complaints per100,000 passenger journeys arrived below 200 in the second period, which was the result of slight decline in the first period with 200 complaints.美森教育美森教育•5.副词开头•To be specific, the number of complaints per 100,000 passenger journeys arrived below 200 in the second period, which was the result of slight decline in the first period with 200 complaints.•Specifically, the number of complaints per100,000 passenger journeys arrived below 200 in the second period, which was the result of slight decline in the first period with 200 complaints.美森教育美森教育•5.副词开头•Afterwards, it kept falling from 350 to 250 in the following two years. And the number of temporary contract employees also suffered fluctuations within the range of 120 to 280.•Afterwards, it kept falling from 350 to 250 in the following two years. Similarly, the number of temporary contract employees also suffered fluctuations within the range of 120 to 280.美森教育如何写出长难句？美森教育•6.时间状语•The figures increased by 2% in 2001 and now reach its peak at 80%.•After having increased by 2% in 2001, figures now reach its peak at 80%..•The rate reduced by 2 % in 2001but now is very promising again in 2002.•After a reduction of 2% in 2001,the rate is very promising again in 2002.美森教育美森教育•6.时间状语•The unit sales increase dramatically from 10000 to 15000 during the second quarter and will stay steady at 15000 in the following quarter.•After seeing a dramatic increase from 10000 to 15000 during the second quarter, unit sales will stay steady at 15000 in the following quarter.美森教育美森教育作业精讲：1.[H0301]2.[H0404]美森教育美森教育Part 1 Short Report 格式Report on … (标题) 不超过8-10词IntroductionXXXXXFindingsXXXXXConclusionXXXXX (Recommendation)XXXXXXX 除Report on 以外的小标题可以不写，但是写作内容还要按小标题来PART ONE 【H0301】The graph below shows the turnover for three kinds of retail outlet, all owned by the same company, during a three-year ing the information from the graph, write a short report comparing the changes in turnover in the company's three types of outlet.Write 120-140 words.美森教育20406080100Dpartment storesSupermarkets Small shops2000200120012002TitleReport on the Turnover for Three Kinds of Retail Outlet Report on the turnover of three types of outlet分析总——分——总这篇报告描述了...描述百货商店描述超市描述小型商店总结这篇报告描述了...The following report illustrates/demonstrates/describes the changes in turnover of three types of outlet from 2000 to 2002.This report aims to compare the turnover of three kinds of retail outlet during a three‐year period from 2000 to 2002.This report is about/The aim of this report is describing the changes in trunover for three types of retail outlet owned by the same company from 2000 to 2002.描述百货商店2000年营业额50 million 英镑，2001年下降到35 million英镑，2002年与2001年持平Department stores harvested/gained/received the turnover of 50 million pounds in 2000 which is the highest over these three years. The next year witnessed a drastical fall to 35 million pounds. It remained this level throughout 2002.超市在三种商店中营业额最高，三年稳步增长The turnover of supermarkets was in the lead all the time. It showed a steady increase over three years. Starting with65 million pounds at first, it reached a record of80 million pounds in 2002.小型商店营业额是三种商店中最少的，有波动，2000年最高30 million 英镑，2001年最少20 million 英镑。

本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==BEC高级商务英语写作辅导内容对于线性图表的描述上升1. 对于上升趋势的描述：a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组：to increaseto go upto riseto growto jumpto leapto soarto shootto pick upb. 可以使用的名词：an increasea growtha jumpa soaran upward trend2. 对于上升到某个位置的描述：a. 1. a. 中的动词＋to＋具体数据。

b. 1. a. 中的动词＋to＋the peak of＋具体数据。

c. 1. a. 中的动词＋reaching the peak of +具体数据。

d. 1. a. 中的动词＋reaching + 具体数据。

e. to peak at ＋具体数据f. to climb to + 具体数据3. 对于上升的程度的描述：a. 1. a. 中的动词＋by ＋具体数据。

b. 1. a. 中的动词＋副词。

下降1. 对于下降趋势的描述：a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组：to fallto decreaseto go downto slideto collapseto declineto dropb. 可以使用的名词：a collapsea decreasea fall。

⾼级商务英语⽂本UNIT1Unit 1Managing in the PresentPresent TensesFocus: time management and current problems facing a service company1. Management themesRead the following text and then discuss the questions below.Time management has become one of the key issues of the second half of the twentieth century. Managers, grappling with work pressures and deadlines, have come to recognise that time is a precious commodity to be ‘saved’, ‘gained’, and not‘wasted’ or ‘lost’. But if time is a commodity, how then can we best describe, measure and manage it?To describe and manage it, imagine a line that goes back to the beginnings of creation and continues into the mists of the future. And on that line are a number of significant marks-these separate the past from the present from the future. And within each time zone-past, present and future-we can differentiate periods of time from points of time. For example, the 1980s gave us a period of rapid economic growth; black Monday was a point of sudden financial catastrophe.How can this brief analysis help the international manager? Firstly, there is the link between past, present and future. In other words, historical performance should be a guide to the future, and the present ought to represent last year’s forecast. So change-that which normally differentiates any two periods on our continuum-can be seen as a gradual evolution rather than a dramatic revolution.Secondly, the use of a time-planning system, on which key points and periods are plotted, enables managers to organise their activities so that bottlenecks can be avoided and deadlines can be met. So stress, where the jobs to be done exceed the available time, can be reduced to an acceptable and productive level.1.1 DiscussionDoes your organisation live in the present? Does it change with the times?Do you work in a stressful environment? Do you think that time management can reduce stress?2. ListeningYou are going to hear an extract from a meeting between Anna. Brian and Pete, the three partners of Softsys, a small company supplying business software. The company was established two years ago and after a period of rapid growth is trying to consolidate its market position.As you listen, make notes of the tasks that are agreed and note the partner who is going to do the task.请见附图1-1Listening task(A=Anna; P=Pete; B=Brian)P: I think we all feel that things are getting a little out of control. We’re pushing ourselves almost to breaking point and I’m worried that something’s going to snap unless we take control of the situation.B: Exactly. We have to start managing the business-rather than letting it manage us. So what can we do about it?A: Well, the first thing we can do is to start planning. I mean up to now we have done everything by intuition, but I’d like to know where we plan to be five years from now.B: That’s good-a long-term plan. OK, Pete, are you prepared to start working on it?P: I can make some notes and circulate them. Then we can discuss them.P: Fine.A: Now what about roles? I mean I know that we each have got our own specialist functions within the organisation and that we also function pretty well as a team, but perhaps we need a leader.P: Y ou mean like a managing director?B: Y es, but I thought our philosophy was to keep a flat management structure.A: Yes, I accept that we don’t want to create a hierarchy, but I still think that it can help us if we choose a managing partner who has overall control.P: Yes, I really don’t think that will harm the relationship between us and I agree that it can help us to run the company more efficiently.B: Well, I am not totally convinced, but I’m willing to be persuaded. As you two are keen on the idea, why don’t you prepare a paper about what the management structure would be and the functions of the managing partner?A: Well, I’d like to have a go at that. I’ll prepare some notes and circulate them. Then we can discuss them at our next meeting. If that’s OK with you, Brian?P: Yeah, fine by me.B: Well, we’ve talked about planning and managing. Now, what about improving the organisation? I think we need to look at how we can organise ourselves better.A: Well, having a managing partner should help.B: Of course, but we need to look at our own roles, too.P: To identify areas of responsibility?B: Y es, first the areas where each of us has the main responsibility and then the areas where we are involved, but not primarily responsible. Take purchasing, for example. We need to buy in goods-everything from machines down to plugs. We buy in machines when a customer has placed an order and then we check cashflow and consult the others. But we buy the smaller items without any consultation.A: Oh, come on, we always discuss major purchases and the minor ones are made when we need to. We can’t consult with each other for every bit of cable we buy.B: I know we can’t. But that’s exactly why we need one person with responsibility for authorising purchases. Then we can consistently check where we can get the best value for money by putting one person in charge. And that person can reconcile the purchases made against the invoices that come in. It’s simply a matter of streamlining the system-which must be in everyone’s interest.A: So, what do you suggest?B: Well, I think we should each make a list of the major functions within the organisation. We’ve talked about purchasing. Then there’s sales and after-sales service...P: ... and finance.B: Yes, and installation. Well, I’d like to see one person with primary responsibility for each area, just as we said for purchasing. And the others may have secondary responsibility for that area. So, I propose that I draw up a list of the primary areas or activities that we need to carry out, and then at the next meeting we decide who will have the primary responsibility for each. I’m sure it’ll streamline our business.A: So, where does that leave us?P: With some homework to do and some key issues to discuss at our next meeting. By the way, when are we meeting?A: Well, let’s say that...1.本课主题阅读下⾯这篇由⼀位“商业医⽣”撰写的⽂章并就列出的问题进⾏讨论。