写作句型锤炼
主体段落常用句型锤炼之十九：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心
1.Not only will all kinds of paper-cutting works created by famous artists of this field be on show that day, but a lot of useful and interesting activities will be held as well, from which you can have a clearer picture of Chinese culture. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)
不仅由这一领域的著名艺术家们创作的各种剪纸作品会在那天展出，而且还有许多有益、有趣的活动，从中你可以更清楚地了解中国文化。
2.He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar.
他叫我去查阅一些我并不熟悉的参考书。
3.The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.
他们找寻的文件已经找到了。
4.I’ll never forget the day on which she said goodbye to me.
我永远不会忘记她与我告别的那一天。
5.There is a room, of which the window faces the river.
那里有一个房间，窗户朝着河的方向。
后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来
1.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。
This__is__a__subject__about__which__we__might__argue__for__a__long__while._ _
2.物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。
Physics__is__the__subject__in__our__school__in__which__every__student__is__int erested.
3.这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。
This__is__our__classroom,__in__the__front__of__which__there__is__a__tea cher’s_ _desk.
Ⅰ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用
[会书写]
一、核心单词
1.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的
2.evident adj. 明显的；明白的
3.adopt v t. 采用；采纳；收养
4.attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图
v t. 尝试；企图
5.figure n. 画像；身材；数字
6.scholar n. 学者
7.appeal v i. 有感染力；呼吁；求助
v t. 将……上诉
n. 呼吁；恳求
8.reputation n. 名声；名誉
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2f1479499.html,mittee n. 委员会
二、阅读单词
1.abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的
n. 摘要
2.technique n. 技术；方法；技能
3.ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的
4.specific adj. 确切的；特定的
5.carve v t. 雕刻；刻记
6.allergic adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的
7.visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的
8.contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的
9.permanent adj. 永久的；持久的
10.district n. 区；区域；行政区
11.coincidence n. 巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合
12.aggressive adj . 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的
13.civilization n . 文明；文化；文明社会
三、拓展单词
1.faith n .信任；信心；信念→faithful adj .忠实的；守信的→faithfully ad v .忠实地
2.possess v t .拥有；具有；支配→possession n .(常作复数)所有；财产
3.predict v t .预言；预告；预测→prediction n .预言→predictor n .预言者
4.exhibition n .展览；陈列；展览会→exhibit v .展出；陈列
5.preference n .喜爱；偏爱→prefer v .喜爱；偏爱
6.signature n .署名；签字→sign v .签名
7.aim n .目标；目的v i .& v t .瞄准；(向某方向)努力→aimless adj .没有目标的；无目的的→aimlessly ad v .漫无目的地
[会积累]
1.常见英语反义形容词面面观
①???abstract 抽象的concrete 具体的
②?
??positive 积极的negative 消极的 ③?
??optimistic 乐观的pessimistic 悲观的 ④?
??active 主动的passive 被动的 ⑤???contemporary 当代的ancient 古代的
⑥???permanent 永久的temporary 暂时的
2.含词根-vis (看)的单词一览
①visual adj . 视觉的
②visible adj . 可见的
③visibility n . 能见度
④vision n . 视野
⑤supervise v t . 监督；管理
⑥revise v t. 复习；修正
3.“相信”家族
①faith n. 信任
faithful adj. 忠实的
faithfully ad v. 忠实地
②believe v. 相信
belief n. 信念
believable adj. 可信的
unbelievable adj. 不可思议的
③convince v t. 使相信；使信服
convinced adj. 相信的；深信的
[会应用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1.One reason for her preference (prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
2.Nobody believed his prediction (predict) then but later it turned out to be true.
3.I have faith in him because he has served us faithfully for many years，and I think he is a faithful and honest friend.(faith)
4.I was walking aimlessly in the street when I came across John，who led an aimless sort of life without any aim.(aim)
5.With his business going on well，he at first possessed big houses，cars，and later he took possession of stocks of different companies.Then，he found that everything he had dreamed of was in his possession.(possess)
Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用
[会书写]
1.by__coincidence巧合地
2.concentrate__on 集中；全神贯注于
3.be__allergic__to__ 对……过敏
4.as__a__consequence 结果
5.a__great__deal__ 大量；非常
6.lead__to 导致
7.scores of... 大量；许多
8.on the other hand __(可是)另一方面
9.in the flesh 活着的；本人
10.appeal to __(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；呼吁
11.attempt to do sth 尝试做某事
12.depend/rely on 依靠；依赖
[会积累]
1.“by＋n.”短语全扫描
①by coincidence巧合地
②by accident 偶然地
③by chance 偶然地
④by design 故意地
⑤by contrast 相对照
2.“v.＋to”结构的动词短语荟萃
①lead to 导致
②add to 增加；增添
③object to 反对
④stick to 坚持
⑤refer to 查阅
⑥apply to 适用于
[会应用]选用上表左栏短语填空
1. She looked very pale and seemed to have suffered a__great__deal.
2.My father smokes heavily.As__a__consequence，he coughs frequently.
3.What is known to us is that it’s human’s activities that lead__to global warming.
4.If you concentrate__on the project，you can finish it on time.
5.There are scores__of different kinds of football shoes which can satisfy different players.
6.In modern times，dancing appeals__to different people for different reasons.
7.On the one hand，a lot of people are going to the US，but on__the__other__hand,__a lot of people are coming back from there.
8.It was only by__coincidence that I saw the injured child on my way home，so I called 120 at once.
Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写
句型公式1：without引起的含蓄虚拟条件句
[教材原句]Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
[句型仿写]It __would__have__been__impossible to find my daughter without the help of Friends Reunited.
要是没有“老友重聚”网站的帮助，我就不可能找到我女儿。
句型公式2：表示方位的介词短语位于句首时句子用完全倒装。
[教材原句]Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.
在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。
[句型仿写]I noticed that in front of the stadium stood__many__students__holding flowers waiting for the arrival of the honored guests.
我注意到，体育馆门前站着很多手拿鲜花的学生，他们在等待贵宾的到来。
句型公式3：现在分词短语作结果状语
[教材原句]Henry Clay Frick，a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people.
亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。
[句型仿写]Some students spend too much time on QQ and microblogs，making__their__teachers__and__parents__worried.
有些学生花了太多的时间在QQ和微博上，这让老师和家长很担忧。
Ⅳ.语段改错—回顾·修正·热诵
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
Art is influenced by the way of life and beliefs.During the Middle Ages，the
main aim of painters was represent religious themes.Artists were interesting in creating respect and love for God.In the Renaissance ，people focused much on humans and less on religion.Artists tried to paint people and natural as they really were.Masaccio used perspective in his paintings which made people convince they were looking through a hole in a wall at a really scene.The impressionists were the first to paint in outdoors.They had to paint quickly and their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painter.Today people ac cepted impressionists’ paintings as the beginning of modern art.Some modern art is abstract though some is realistic. 『答案』
Art is influenced by the way of life and beliefs.During the Middle Ages ，the
main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.Artists were interesting interested in creating respect and love for God.In the Renaissance ，people focused much more on
humans and less on religion.Artists tried to paint people and natural nature as they really
were.Masaccio used perspective in his paintings which made people convince convinced they
were looking through a hole in a wall at a really real scene.The impressionists were the first to paint in outdoors.They had to paint quickly and their paintings were not as
detailed as those of earlier painter painters .Today people accepted accept impressionists ’ paintings
as the beginning of modern art.Some modern art is abstract though while some is realistic.
[核 心 词 汇]
1.aim n .目标；瞄准vi .& vt .瞄准；旨在；(向某方向)努力
(1)achieve one ’s aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标
with the aim of 以……为目标；意在……
(2)aim at doing sth/aim to do sth 意欲、企图、旨在做某事
be aimed at 目的是；旨在
(3)aimless adj. 无目的的
aimlessly ad v. 无目标地
①As an old saying goes，living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a compass.(2015·重庆卷·写作)
正如一句老话所说，生活中没有明确的目标就像航海中没有罗盘一样。
②In the English newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”，aiming__to__introduce/aiming__at__introducing American customs and the life of high school students.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)
我校英文报上有一个“外国文化”栏目，旨在介绍美国风俗和中学生生活。
③It is evident that his life seems aimless (aim).
显而易见他的生活似乎没有目标。
2.possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配
(1)be possessed of拥有；具有(某品质、能力等)
(2)possession n. (常作复数)个人财产
in possession of 占有；拥有；持有
in the possession of sb 为某人所有；在某人的控制下
have/take possession of 拥有；占有
①Rich people wanted __to__possess(possess) their own paintings，so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.(教材原句)
富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。
②You can’t take/have__possession__of the house until you pay off your loan.
还完贷款后你才能拥有这套房子。
③He is __in__possession__of the big company after his father retired.That is，the big company is in__the__possession__of him.
在他父亲退休后，他便拥有了这家大公司。也就是说，这家大公司为他所有。
[名师指津] in possession of 表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有……”；in the possession of 表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被……占有”。
3.attempt n .努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图
(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
?
??
（2）attempt to do sth try to do sth
seek to do sth 努力做某事；企图做某事 ①He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at__the__first__attempt.
他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，因而得意洋洋。
②The only time that we attempted to__do (do) something like that was in the city of Philadelphia.
只有在费城那次我们曾试着做那样的事。
③I ’ve made an attempt __to__convince (convince) her of his honesty ，but in vain. 我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。
4.figure n .画像；人物；身材；体形；数字v .估计；计算；认为
[一词多义] 写出下列句中figure 的含义
①I figure that different people like different things.认为
②She does exercise every morning to keep her figure .身材；体形
③Add up all these figures and tell me the result.数字
④There is a figure of the queen on the wall.画像
⑤Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world.人物
(1)figure out 理解；想出；计算出
(2)keep one ’s figure 保持体形
have a good figure 身材好
⑥I could hear them talking but I couldn ’t figure__out what they were saying. 我能听见他们在说话，但就是听不清他们在说什么。
5.on the other hand (可是)另一方面(常与on the one hand对应使用)
(1)on (the) one hand...；on the other hand...一方面……；另一方面(却)……
(2)first(ly)...；second(ly)... 第一……；第二……
(3)for one thing...；for another... 一则……；二则……
①On__the__other__hand，some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.(教材原句)
而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。
②On__(the)__one__hand，I have strong belief that I will do well in the exam；on__the__other__hand，I feel a bit nervous，though it’s not difficult.
一方面，我坚信会在考试中做得很好；另一方面，虽然不难，我仍感觉有点紧张。
③I’m not going to buy it；for__one__thing I don’t like the color，and for__another it’s far too expensive.
我不买这件东西；一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是太贵了。
[名师指津]on the one hand中的the可以省略，而on the other hand中的the不能省略。
6.appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；向某人呼吁
(1)appeal to sb for sth/to do sth向某人呼吁/恳求……
(2)make an appeal to sb for sth 为……向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
①We hope all the colorful activities will appeal__to the students，thus attracting them to be more interested in western culture.
我们希望所有丰富多彩的活动都能吸引学生，从而吸引他们对西方文化更感兴趣。
②Our school appeals to the students to__set (set) aside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to raise learning efficiency.
为了提高学习效率，我们学校呼吁学生们每天至少留出一个小时来进行锻炼。
③The police are making an appeal to the public for information about the crime.
警方正呼吁公众提供有关这宗犯罪案件的信息。
[重点句型]
Among__the__painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were__the__Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.
在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。
完全倒装三条件：
(1)表示方位或时间的副词，如here，there，in，out，up，down，away，now，then等或表示方位的介词短语置于句首。
(2)谓语动词为be，lie，come，go，stand等动词；
(3)句子的主语是名词。注意：如果句子的主语为代词，只将副词或介词短语提前，而句子的主语和谓语要用陈述语序。
①Into the complete silence of the waiting class came__the__teacher’s__sweet__voice，“Good morning，children.”
在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。”
②The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city.There stand__many__stone__sculptures of famous historical figures.
大众广场是这座城市的耀眼的风景。那里矗立着许多著名历史人物的雕像。③—Look! Here comes the taxi.
—Here __it__comes.
——看！出租车来了。
——它(车)确实来了。
[当堂达标]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It is now still impossible to predict (预测) when and where an earthquake will break out.
2.We’re strongly recommended that our marketing campaign should be aimed (针对) at young working couples.
3.I like cats but unfortunately I am allergic (过敏的) to them.
4.By coincidence (巧合) my best friend and I ended up working at the same advertising firm.
5.She has always had a high reputation (声誉) for her excellent short stories.
6.The tall tower adds to the visual (视觉的) impact of the building.
7.Time is abstract (抽象的)，which we can only imagine in our mind.
8.“Life is fragile (脆弱的)，but it’s meant to be enjoyed.”as a saying goes.
9.A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted (企图) murder last night.
10.Celebrities and public figures (人物) support the event by making appearances on comic TV shows.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Among all the birthday gifts is__included (include) a DIY card，which I like best.
2.A great deal of progress __has__been__made (make) over the last several decades in health，education，and poverty.
3.Not having__predicted (predict) the risks in the stock market，they are now suffering a great financial loss.
4.Attempting (attempt) to ch ange someone else’s attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.
5.If you had__followed (follow) my advice，you wouldn’t have made such a mistake.
6.We can’t figure out why quite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.
7.It is typical of him to think about helping others in this way.
8.The boys made an attempt to__leave (leave) for camping but were stopped by their parents.
9.The animal welfare organizations provide care and adoption (adopt) for homeless or abused animals.
10.The parents have a strong preference for their youngest child.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.A small plane crashed into a hillside，five miles east of the city，killed three people on board.killed→killing
2.A great deal money has been spent in saving the lives of the trapped miners since last week.deal后加of
3.—Does the young man standing there have possession of the company?
—No.The company is in possession of his father.in后加the
4.The opening ceremony appealed the audience all over China.appealed后加to
5.Then a discussion will be held，aim to improve mutual understanding.aim→aiming
6.All attempt to control the spread of the disease have failed because of the bad weather in that area.attempt→attempts
7.We appreciate your apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.figure后加out
8.On one hand，computer games can relax ourselves.On other hand，it will waste our time if we are addicted to it.other前加the
Ⅳ.补全句子
1.What__appeals__to__us__is not only his intelligence but also his sense of humor. 吸引我们的不仅是他的聪明，还有他的幽默。
2.Next__door__to__ours__live__a__foreign__couple，who seem to have settled into life in China.
我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，他们看起来已经习惯了中国的生活了。
3.If__I__had__realized__the__importance__of__English__study，I would have worked much harder.
如果我意识到了英语学习的重要性，我就会更加努力了。
4.It__is__typical__of__students__to__stay__up__reading till late night before the final exam.
在期末考试前，学生们经常看书到深夜。
5.He has finished most of the work.It__is__evident__that__he has the ability to finish it ahead of time.
他已经完成了大部分工作；很明显他有能力提前完成工作。