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有并联脊柱的四足机器人步态规划

第52卷第7期2018年7月浙 江 大 学 学 报(工学版)Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science )Vol .52No .7Jul .2018收稿日期:20180102.网址:w w w .zjujournals .com /eng /fileup /H T M L /201807006.htm

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575503).

作者简介:李中雯(1993-),女,硕士生,从事仿生机器人的研究.orcid .org /0000-0003-1097-9489.E -mail :w endylzw @163.com

通信联系人:陈迪剑,男,讲师.orcid .org /0000-0001-6595-6677.E -mail :djchen @cjlu .edu .cn DOI :10.3785/j .issn .1008-973X .2018.07.006

有并联脊柱的四足机器人步态规划

李中雯,王斌锐,陈迪剑

(中国计量大学机电工程学院,浙江杭州310018)

摘 要:为了增加足式机器人的腿部运动范围和吸收地面冲击力,在刚性躯体四足机器人的基础上,设计3-RPS

并联机构作为机器人的脊柱.建立有脊柱四足机器人的运动学模型,得到脊柱关节的周期性与质心位置的关系.在

对角步态的基础上,利用脊柱偏航方向的自由度,规划了脊柱扭转对角步态.采用Hopf 振荡器,建立耦合中枢模式

发生器(CPG )网络输出步态曲线.通过与刚性躯干四足机器人的对比仿真和实验可知,主动脊柱的加入使机器人

运行过程中的俯仰波动降低45.79%,矫正了偏航位置.脊柱关节的周期性转动不会引起质心位置的突变.脊柱波

动与肢体摆动间的协调,使得有脊柱四足机器人具有更优的运动性能.

关键词:四足机器人;并联机构;主动脊柱;中枢模式发生器(CPG );步态规划

中图分类号:T P 242 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1008973X (2018)07126708

Gait planning for quadruped robot with parallel spine

LI Zhong -wen ,WANG Bin -rui ,CHEN Di -j ian

(CollegeofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering,ChinaJiliangUniversity,Hangzhou310018,China)Abstract :A 3-RPS parallel structure was added as the spine based on the quadruped robot with rigid body in order to increase the range of motion and absorb ground impact for legged robots .T he kinematics model of robot with spine was established to relate between the rotation of spine and centroid .T wisting trot gait was planned by the yaw joint of spine based on trot gait .T he coupled central pattern generator (CPG )was constructed by five Hopf oscillator models in order to output gait curves of limbs and spine .Analysis of longitudinal stable operating conditions of quadruped robot using zero moment point w as conducted .T he simulation and experimental results show that active spine can reduce pitch fluctuation of the robot by 45.79%,correct the yaw position and improve the stability and coordination during movement compared with rigid torso robot .T he periodic rotation of the spine does not lead to a mutation of the centroid .Robot with active spine has a better performance for the stabilizing and motion by the coordination between rotating spine and swinging limbs .Key words :q uadruped robot ;p arallel mechanism ;active spine ;central pattern generator (CPG );g ait p lanning

移动机器人的出现为解决危险作业问题提供了

有效的途径[1].四足仿生机器人躯干大多采用刚性

结构,没有灵活的脊柱[2].四足机器人的脊柱大多利用刚度低、弹性高的柔性材料替代刚性躯体

[3].Kaw asaki 等[4]利用脊柱的伸展释放弹性势能,驱动髋关节实现较长的跳跃距离.Miki 等[5]利用气动肌肉的可变弹性改变躯干刚度,机器人的运动稳定性

很大程度上取决于机构的机械性能.Aoi 等[6]通过

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