完型填空练习题
Text6
Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects 1 some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make 2 impossible for us to live in the world. They would devour (eat up quickly) all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, were it not 3 the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We 4 a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them 5 together kill only a fraction of the 6 destroyed by spiders. 7 , unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least 8 to us or our belongings.
Spiders are not insects, 9 many people think, 10 even nearly related to them. One can tell the 11 almost at a glance, 12 a spider always has eight legs but an insect never more than six.
How many spiders are 13 in this work on our 14 ? One authority 15 spiders made a 16 of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2 250 000 in one acre; that is 17 like 6000 000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is 18 to make more than the 19 guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creature, not 20 with only three meals a day.
1. A. include B. involve C. consist D. cover
2. A. this B. that C. it D. them
3. A. with B. for C. of D. on
4. A. devote B. dedicate C. owe D. contribute
5. A. gotten B. put C. linked D. associated
6. A. number B. amount C. plenty D. proportion
7. A. Consequently B. Moreover C. Conversely D. However
8. A. damage B. ruin C. good D. harm
9. A. as B. which C. because D. though
10. A. so B. either C. nor D. none
11. A. likeness B. difference C. similarity D. appearance
12. A. if B. although C. for D. when
13. A. participated B. joined C. enclosed D. involved
14. A. honor B. sake C. side D. behalf
15. A. on B. in C. about D. with
16. A. census B. consensus C. conscience D. consciousness
17. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
18. A. likely B. useless C. impossible D. probable
19. A. broadest B. widest C. bravest D. wildest
20. A. concerned B. identified C. patient D. content
Text7
Cheques have largely replaced money as a mean s of exchange, for they are widely accepted everywhere . Though this is very 1 for both buyer and seller, it should not be forgotten that cheuqes are not real money: they are quite 2 in themselves. A shop-keeper always runs a certain 3 when he accepts a cheque and he is quite 4 his rights if, 5 ,he refuses to do so.
People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called 6 . An old and very wealth
friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant 7 . He went to a famous jewellery shop which keeps a large 8 of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After examining several trays, he 9 to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay 10 cheque. The assistant said that this was quite 11 , but the moment my friend signed his name, he was invited into the manager?s office.
The manager was very polite, but he explained that someone with 12 the same name had presented them with a 13 cheque not long age. He told my friend that the police would arrive 14 any moment and he had better stay 15 he wanted to get into serious trouble. 16 , the police arrived soon afterwards They apologized to my friend for the 17 and asked him to 18 a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shop .The note 19 :“I have a gun in my pocket. Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe.”20 , my friend?s handwriting was quite unlike the thief?s.
1. A. complicated B. trivial C. bearable D. convenient
2. A. valueless B. invaluable C. valuable D. indefinite
3. A. danger B. change C. risk D. opportunity
4. A. within B. beyond C. without D. out of
5. A. in general B. at the least C. on occasion D. in short
6. A. in difficulty B. in doubt C. in earnest D. in question
7. A. accident B. experience C. event D. incident
8. A. amount B. stock C. number D. store
9. A. considered B. thought C. conceived D. decided
10. A. by B. in C. with D. through
11. A. in order B. in need C. in use D. in common
12. A. largely B. mostly C. exactly D. extremely
13. A. worth B. worthy C. worthwhile D. worthless
14. A. for B. at C. until D. during
15. A. whether B. if C. otherwise D. unless
16. A. Really B. Sure enough C. Certainly D. However
17. A. treatment B. manner C. inconvenience D. behavior
18. A. write off B. write out C. copy out D. make out
19. A. read B. told C. wrote D. informed
20. A. Especially B. Fortunately C. Naturally D. Basically
Text 8
In October 2002, Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank 1 a new electronic market for economic indices that 2 substantial economic risks, such as nonfarm payroll (a measure of job availability) and retail sales. This new market was made possible by a 3 rating technology, developed by Longitude, a New York company providing software for financial markets, 4 the Parimutuel Digital Call Auction. This is “digital” 5 of a digital option: i.e., it pays out only if an underlying index lies in a narrow, discrete range. In effect, Longitude has created a horse race, where each “horse” wins if and 6 the specified index falls in a specified range. By creating horses for every possibl 7 of the index, and allowing people to bet 8 any number of runners, the company has produced a liquid integrated electronic market for a wide array options on economic indices.
Ten years ago it was 9 impossible to make use of electronic information about home values. Now, mortgage lenders have online automated valuation models that allow them to estimate values and to 10 the risk in their
portfolios. This has led to a proliferation of types of home loan, some of 11 have improved risk-management characteristics.
We are also beginning to see new kinds of 12 for homes, which will make it possible to protect the value of 13 , for most people, is the single most important 14 of their wealth. The Yale University-Neighbourhood Reinvestment Corporation programme, 15 last year in the city of Syracuse, in New York state, may be a model for home-equity insurance policies that 16 sophisticated economic indices of house prices to define the 17 of the policy. Electronic futures markets that are based on econometric indices of house prices by city, already begun by City Index and IG Index in Britain and now 18 developed in the United States, will enable home-equity insurers to hedge the risks that they acquire by writing these policies.
These examples are not impressive successes yet. But they 19 as early precursors of a technology that should one day help us to deal with the massive risks of inequality that 20 will beset us in coming years.
1. A. created B. generated C. initiated D. originated
2. A. reproduce B. restore C. represent D. resume
3. A. sophisticated B. expensive C. available D. established
4. A. made B. called C. asked D. read
5. A. in the course B. in the event C. in the light D. in the sense
6. A. when B. until C. now that D. only if
7. A. extent B. range C. line D. area
8. A. for B. in C. on D. up
9. A. virtually B. admittedly C. absolutely D. originally
10. A. assume B. assess C. dismiss D. erase
11. A. them B. which C. that D. whom
12. A. management B. insurance C. security D. technology
13. A. what B. those C. where D. it
14. A. guarantee B. protection C. component D. source
15. A. secured B. sponsored C. released D. launched
16. A. look to B. set up C. lay down D. rely on
17. A. terms B. specifications C. concepts D. consequences
18. A. is B. being C. been D. are
19. A. emerge B appear C. stand D. arise
20. A. somehow B. anyway C. otherwise D. thereby
Text 9
Globalization w ill have a powerful effect on the future of dining. Recipes and meals from the world?s kitchens will be 1 anywhere and anytime. Globalization is the master2that will drive the world of food. Formerly remote 3 and cooking styles are creating a whole new culinary mosaic as they are4and reinterpreted all over the world.
For the globe-trotting businessman, food savvy will be an important5of career mastery. Being successful in South America or the Far East means having insight6another culture, and local7will become an important component of that. People will need8of food and ingredients from different continents and cultures as one aspect of9, cultural exchange, and success.
10, culinary globalism will not be limited to physical travel. Chefs will learn about 11 ingredients, recipes, and techniques without ever leaving their kitchens. Soul food will continue to appeal, even as diners grow more
12. Look for collard greens and fried chicken on the menus of upscale restaurants. Fast-casual restaurants--trendy eateries that combine speed and quality--should keep growing in 13 . Ethnic cuisines will14 globally and combine: Look for chifa, a mixture of Japanese and Spanish foods,15 its native Peru. Uzbek dishes, meanwhile, combine Persian, Russian, and Chinese16at bistros in New York and Chicago.
Pizza on a griddle? New York chef Mario Batali is among those 17pizza, making it thinner, healthier, and more 18. One size does not fit all: look for designer delis, 19 you can choose from a wide variety of main and 20 dishes to take home and heat up yourself.
1 [A]suitable [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]available
2 [A] trend [B] fashion [C] tendency [D] style
3 [A] components [B] foods [C] ingredients [D] stuffs
4 [A] transported [B] transplanted [C] transferred [D] translated
5 [A] part [B] role [C] portion [D] side
6 [A] in [B] into [C] to [D] by
7 [A] tastes [B] flavors [C] dishes [D] courses
8 [A] information [B] knowledge [C] insight [D] experience
9 [A] socialization [B] realization [C]standardization [D] localization
10 [A] However [B] Somehow [C] Moreover [D] Anyway
11 [A] strange [B] new [C] exotic [D] remote
12 [A] health-conscious [B] price-conscious [C] taste-conscious [D] diversity-conscious
13 [A] population [B] popularity [C] quantity [D] prosperity
14 [A] expand [B] extend [C] export [D] exclude
15 [A] from [B] by [C] over [D] beyond
16 [A] flavors [B] flowers [C] flours [D] flames
17 [A] recreating [B] rethinking [C] representing [D] replacing
18 [A] portable [B] attractive [C] edible [D] popular
19 [A] when [B] why [C] where [D] which
20 [A] small [B] side [C] minor [D] secondary
Text 10
Things in the henhouse changed practically overnight when McDonald?s announced in 1999 that it would no longe r buy eggs from producers who didn?t meet its guidelines for care of chickens. Those guidelines included limiting the 1 of birds that could be kept in one 2 and prohibiting beak removal, 3 trimming just the tips.
Once McDonald?s had4the way in issuing animal care guidelines for the company?s suppliers, many other giants of the fast-food industry rapidly followed 5, including Burger King, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Wendy?s, A and W and KFC. Now, the American Meat Institute has 6 welfare guidelines and audit 7 for cattle, pigs, and chickens. And the European Union, representing our foreign customers, is also 8 in with, among other things, legislation banning. 9 use of crates to house pregnant sows, 10 in 2013.
Questions about animal care 11 with the explosive growth in large-scale livestock farms, 12 spurred customers to complain about animals being treated as “factory parts”. That spurred ARS and the livestock industry to take a proactive approach to addressing animal13issues, making sure that guidelines are based on facts 14 through scientific research. The goal is to share research findings with the retail food industry and others so that the livestock industry can improve its 15 guidelines.
Ten years ago, to 16 these concerns, ARS started a research program on livestock behavior and stress. The
scientists involved were tasked with finding out whether modern farming practices were 17 stressing animals. And if so, could scientific methods be developed to measure this stress so that 18 could be evaluated objectively rather than subjectively?
A decade later, the 19 answer is “yes” to both questions, Many had expected the answer to be “no” on both counts, but science works independently 20 people?s o pinions.
1. A. amount B. number C. figure D. sum
2. A. cage B. cave C. case D. cart
3. A. but for B. except for C. aside from D. away from
4. A. paved B. changed C. led D. opened
5. A. suit B. step C. set D. super
6. A. adapted B. adopted C. approved D. accepted
7. A. booklets B. pamphlets C. brochures D. checklists
8. A. measuring B. weighing C. considering D. thinking
9. A. prolonged B. proceeded C. programmed D. progressed
10. A. efficient B. effective C. effusive D. elective
11. A. raised B. rose C. arose D. pose
12. A. who B. what C. which D. how
13. A. health B. life C. wealth D welfare
14. A. decided B. determined C. proved D. tested
15. A. voluntary B. revolutionary C. preliminary D. necessary
16. A. express B. address C. suppress D. compress
17. A. unduly B. unequally C. unfortunately D. unfavorably
18. A. performances B. programs C. problems D. practices
19. A. sequential B. initial C. essential D. financial
20. A. of B. on C. by D. with
Text 11
You probably know that it?s better for both you and the environment if you buy an organic tomato instead of one that?s been doused in pesticides, but there are lots of other things to consider before venturing down the aisle of your local supermarket (or farmer?s market).
The explosion in1produce and other foods during the last few years has been an extremely2 development in the food industry. However,3still exists about exactly what the organic4means. Do you know the difference between a cereal that?s “organic,” “100% organic,” and“made with organic5?” The USDA has clearly defined standards that6which of those labels can legally go on your raisin bran. You can learn more about them at https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a17936048.html,.
Organic foods are great, but the jury is still very much out7another new development in the food world: genetically8organisms (GMOs). No one knows for certain the short and9effects of these products of gene engineering,l0there?s a chance they could lead to the11creation of “superweeds” or12with natural plant stocks, for more information on GMOs, we recommend visiting https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a17936048.html,.
13you?re shopping, don?t forget to consider the companies behind the14names. One cereal company might be an environmental champion,15the other manufactures its corn flakes via l6environmental practices. An easy way to compare two companies is to use17such as www. Responsible https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a17936048.html,. They present both the good and bad sides of every company they18, and they grade hundreds of companies on social, ethical and environmental issues.
Remember:19conscious shopping is a powerful tool for effecting change. You can make a difference every time you fill your 20cart.
1. A. green B. organic C. healthy D. optional
2. A. positive B. negative C. active D. passive
3. A. controversy B. contribution C. conversion D. confusion
4. A. label B. mark C. word D. food
5. A. components B. genes C. ingredients D. compositions
6. A. determine B. illustrate C. recommend D. demonstrate
7. A. in B. to C. for D. on
8. A. moved B. modified C. modeled D. motivated
9. A. long-run B. long-term C. long-day D. long-distance
10. A.while B. and C. but D. or
11.A. unconditional B. unexceptional C. unintentional D. uncontroversial
12. A. interfere B. intervene C. interact D. intrude
13. A. Any time B. Anytime C. Some time D. Sometime
14. A. brand B. code C. product D. family
15. A. when B. while C. as D. because
16. A. constructive B. destructive C. instructive D. obstructive
17. A. sights B. addresses C. sites D. webs
18. A. profit B. profile C. propose D. protect
19. A. socially B. conditionally C. morally D. environmentally
20. A. nursery B. grocery C. bakery D. stationery
Text12
Responsibilities. We all have them; most of us have more than we?d like. That doesn?t change the reality that, sooner or later, we all have to1up to them. But perhaps it does explain our2to add to the ever-growing list. There?s already so much to do in a day, why tack on an3burden?
Unfortunately, it?s this kind of defeatist mentality4keeps people from enhancing their lives through proper 5and exercise. Here is the s alient point, though: The health and fitness benefits you?ll derive from6the necessary work are worth whatever sacrifices you must make7the way. I can?t count how many times I?ve heard the same8. Each time, I always give the same response: Yes, I say, working out is work. So is taking the9to eat right.10yourself on the couch or having drinks with friends after work is a lot easier than exercising, and hitting the McDonald?s drive-thru takes a lot less time than cooking a11at home. But channel surfing, margaritas and a Quarter Pounder With Cheese aren?t going to produce some of the things worth having--a low cholesterol level or the12to go shirtless on the beach. Those benefits demand a13effort. I'm not saying you should eschew the14night on the town or gourmet meal at a five-star restaurant. Both have their15and are components of a well-rounded life. I?ve enjoyed my16of revelry and fine17and look forward to those special opportunities to experience more of the good life. But I?ve mana ged to find a balance between those18.pleasures and a permanent19to a regular workout and a healthy diet. Because,20, it is the latter that will have a lasting improvement on the overall quality of my life.
1. A. come B. catch C. confront D. face
2. A. resistance B. reluctance C. persistence D. existence
3. A. exact B. external C. extra D. extensive
4. A. that B. which C. what D. who
5. A. food B. nutrition C. diet D. recreation
6. A. setting in B. putting in C. getting in D. cutting in
7. A. along B. by C. on D. in
8. A. reasons B. questions C. doubts D. excuses
9. A. chance B. effort C. time D. interest
10. A. Throwing B. Planting C. Sitting D. Placing
11. A. dish B. dinner C. meal D. hamburger
12. A. pride B. confidence C. enthusiasm D. inspiration
13. A. long-time B. long-range C. long-term D. long-distance
14. A. additional B. emotional C. occasional D. sensational
15. A. place B. position C. location D. attraction
16. A. share B. part C. portion D. section
17. A. meal B. diet C. dining D. eating
18. A. short-date B. short-lived C. short-legged D. short-tempered
19. A. coherence B. experience C. adherence D. remembrance
20. A. in a word B. in the end C. in the future D. in a nutshell
Text13
A potful of evidence suggests that the antioxidants and polyphenols in tea help protect you from stroke and heart attack, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, and cancers of the lung, mouth, breast, pancreas, prostate and skin. The essential oils found in the leaves even aid1by increasing the flow of digestive juices.
Now it turns out that tea,2chicken soup or echinacea, is what can give your body an extra3to help it battle infections.
Given 20 ounces of tea daily, non-tea drinkers were better able to fight4bacterial diseases, according to a study at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. The researchers5L-theanine, an6found in black, green, oolong and pekoe teas--but not in7teas, which usually don't contain Camellia sinensis, the one true tea8.
When broken down by the liver, L-theanine becomes an antigen called ethylamine,9primes the response of gamma-delta T cells against a10of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic11, and possibly tumors. (Ethylamine is also found in other plant-based foods, such as apples, mushrooms and wine.)
In the study, blood samples from new tea drinkers were12to E. coli, bacteria13food poisoning and ulcers. The14cells in the tea drinkers produced five times the interferon―an important element of the body's 15system--than they had before tea was16. No change was noted in a17group of coffee drinkers.
“I don?tthink there?s a18to [drinking tea],” says co-author Jack F. Bukowski, M.D, of Harvard Medical School. While tea won?t19you or make you immune from illness, “people who do get sick will probably get a milder20,” Bukowski says.
1. A. deterioration B. digestion C. destination D. distinction
2. A. other than B. rather than C. better than D. more than
3. A. kick B. kit C. kite D. kid
4. A. off B. against C. with D. for
5. A. praise B. acknowledge C. credit D. create
6. A. item B. instance C. information D. ingredient
7. A. herbal B. credible C. favorable D. fashionable
8. A. product B. package C. producer D. plant
9. A. which B. that C. who D. where
10. A. lot B. number C. variety D. range
11. A. diseases B. infections C. illnesses D. deficiencies
12. A. exposed B. opposed C. disclosed D. proposed
13. A. connected with B. combined with C. referred to D. linked to
14. A. immense B. important C. immediate D. immune
15. A. defeat B. defense C. decrease D. disease
16. A. introduced B. increased C. indulged D. indicated
17. A. compare B. control C. contrast D. consent
18. A. downside B. upside C. inside D. outside
19. A. heal B. treat C. cure D. remedy
20. A. illness B. disease C. sickness D. case
Text14
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimates that, on average, each person in the United States throws out about 328 pounds of edible food each year. Food bought with the best1sits for weeks on end as busy consumers2it in the refrigerator and forget about it. And when it seems time to either eat it or3it, most people4the freshness dates (a.k.a. …use by?, …sell by?, and …best if used by?) printed on the packages.
But, these dates don't really.5food safety, nor do they mean6food is always bad. Poultry, seafood, and ground meats such as hamburger, have the shortest7lives. They should be8within two days of9if stored in the refrigerator. They last10six months in the freezer. Steak, beef,11, and other fresh-cut meats last a little longer--three to five days in the refrigerator and six months in the freezer.
The date12on milk products is set by the dairy. Most of the dates on dairy products are totally driven by 13--not necessarily spoilage. In general, milk lasts five to seven days after the14date. Eggs generally have long shelf lives--three to five weeks from the time you take them home. Don't15your eggs just because they're past the expiration date;16one open first. If it still smells and looks good,17.
When you cook them, make sure you do so thoroughly. About 18every 10,000 eggs contains salmonella bacteria. Thorough cooking19salmonella. Once cooked, a boiled,20egg will last a week.
1. [A] intentions [B] interests [C] explanations [D] purposes
2. [A] tick [B] tuck [C] take [D] turn
3. [A] test [B] toll [C] tease [D] toss
4. [A] decide on [B] rely on [C] comment on [D] press on
5. [A] propose [B] prolong C] guarantee [D] guar
6. [A] expired [B] exposed [C] exhausted [D] exotic
7. [A] fresh [B] expected [C] stored [D] shelf
8. [A] contained [B] consumed [C] contaminated [D] continued
9. [A] purchase [B] production [C] process [D] provision
10. [A] on to [B] next to [C] up to [D] about to
11. [A] portion [B] porch [C] port [D] pork
12. [A] engraved [B] branded [C] carved [D] stamped
13. [A] appearance [B] freshness [C] weight [D] taste
14. [A] sell-by [B] sell-after [C] use-on [D] use-after
15. [A] throw in [B] throw up [C] throw over [D] throw out
16. [A] crash [B] creep [C] crisp [D] crack
17. [A] pass away [B] run away [C] fry away [D] go way
18. [A] under [B] in [C] on [D] out
19. [A] promotes [B] kills [C] grows [D] freezes
20. [A] unpeeled [B] unprepared [C] untouched [D] unstripped
Text15
Managers must become proficient cross-cultural communicators if they wish to succeed in today?s global environment. Culture consists of the values, attitudes, and1in a given group of most of the people most of the time.2communication is communication in a management3to achieve a4result (writing a memo, interviewing an applicant, running a meeting, preparing a presentation). If you are working in a different culture, you may have to reconsider your communication5and evaluate its6.
A realistic7in one culture may not be so in another. One way to8what might be realistic is to analyze 9psychologists call the “locus of control.” People in some cultu res10believe in “11control” over destiny--that is, that people can control events themselves. People in other cultures believe in “external control” over destiny--that is, events are12and uncontrollable. What13an appropriate time frame in one culture may not be achievable in another. It all depends on the culture?s14of time. In some cultures, timetables are exact and 15. Examples of such cultures include Germany and Switzerland. Other cultures have more relative and16 attitudes toward time; one may be kept waiting; projects may17more slowly. Examples here are Latin and African countries. An18in Cameroon tells of a meeting scheduled for 9:00a.m. in Yaounde. People began to arrive at 1:00 p.m.19, however, when the last person20at 2:00 p.m., the other Cameroonians admonished him for being later.
1. [A] performance [B] achievement [C] behavior [D] progress
2. [A] Managerial [B] Manageable [C] Measurable [D] Measuring
3. [A] context [B] contest [C] contrast [D] contract
4. [A] deserved [B] desired [C] derived [D] distinguished
5. [A] relative [B] representative [C] subjective [D] objective
6. [A] visibility [B] viability [C] variability [D] validity
7. [A] soul [B] goal [C] glory [D] game
8. [A] work at [B] get at [C] look at [D] jump at
9. [A] how [B] why [C] when [D] what
10. [A] tend to [B] intend to [C] extend to [D] contend to
11. [A] individual [B] inward [C] internal [D] inner
12.[A]unprecedented [B] unexpected [C] preoccupied [D]predetermined
13. [A] concerns [B] constructs [C] constitutes [D] consists
14. [A] concept [B] conclusion [C] context [D] contribution
15. [A] present [B] precise [C] precious [D] perilous
16. [A] relaxed [B] reduced [C] related [D] released
17. [A] melt [B] multiply [C] move [D] mount
18. [A] executor [B] executive [C] officer [D] official
19. [A] Surprisingly [B] Surprisedly [C] Accordingly [D] Similarly
20. [A] showed off [B] showed up [C] showed around [D]showed through
Text16
An estimated 11,300 laptop computers, 31,400 handheld computers and 200,000 mobile telephones have been left in taxis around the world during the last six months, according to a survey. Taxi drivers in nine cities also said they had found a1of other items2by passengers, including a harp, 37 milk bottles, dentures and3limbs. One driver said he4found a baby in his taxi.
The survey of some 1,000 taxi drivers said that passengers had lost three times more5computers in the second 6of 2004 than in 2001,7the research by security software company Pointsec was first8. Most of the items were9to their owners, cab drivers said. Four out of five mobile phones and 19 out of every 20 computers found their10back, they said. Londoners appear more11than others with their laptops,12 Danes are most likely to forget their mobile phones, the survey found. In Chicago in the United States, passengers often13handheld computers on the back14. The survey's15were extrapolated to reflect the16 number of taxis in each city. One customer, who later.17to be the girlfriend of actor Hugh Grant, left her iPod music player, mobile phone and18When the lady taxi driver was asked to19the items to Grant, she received an20as a thank-you.
1. [A] range [B] rank [C] region [D] return
2. [A] claimed [B] found [C] left [D] declared
3. [A] arbitrary [B] apparent [C] artificial [D] assistant
4. [A] even [B] still [C] however [D] somehow
5. [A] handmade [B] handheld [C] handcrafted [D] handbound
6. [A] part [B] year [C] time [D] half
7. [A] which [B] where [C] when [D] what
8. [A] carried out [B] worked out [C] found out [D] figured out
9. [A] replaced [B] returned [C] recommended [D] recreated
10. [A] road [B] path [C] journey [D] way
11. [A] careful [B] caretaking [C] careless [D] care laden
12. [A] when [B] while [C] wherever [D] whenever
13. [A] fell behind [B] stayed behind [C] left behind [D] dropped behind
14. [A] seat [B] bench [C] car [D] taxi
15.[A]consequences [B] fruits [C] findings [D] conclusions
16. [A] total [B] all [C] whole [D] complete
17. [A] turned in [B] turned on [C] turned out [D] turned off
18. [A] profile [B] pulse [C] preface [D] purse
19. [A] deliver [B] designate [C] dedicate [D] direct
20. [A] automobile [B] authority [C] autograph [D] autobiography
Text17
Alcohol use is the number one drug problem among young people. It's easy to understand why. For adults, alcohol is legal, widely1in American culture and easily.2. Many kids can get a drink right in their own homes.3are drinking younger and more frequently than4, often beginning around age 13, according to
studies. The average number of alcoholic drinks among college students is five on a single5, according to a recent survey. Among those younger 21, it is 5.5 drinks, and among621 and older, it is 4.2 drinks.
Young people almost always begin drinking because of7.pressure, in an attempt to be accepted and8in the group. According to the U.S. Surgeon General, more than half of junior and senior high school students drink alcoholic9. More than 40 percent of those who drink admit to drinking when upset, 31 percent admit to drinking 10, 25 percent admit to drinking when11and 25 percent admit to drinking to get"12."
This is a13, serious problem14college campuses today. In 1997 Harvard University's School of Public Health surveyed students at 130 colleges for a college15study and found about two of every five college students16in binge drinking.17binge drinkers at college were 22 times more18than non-binge drinkers to have problems,19missed classes, falling behind in school work, getting in trouble or hurt and engaging in 20sexual activity.
1. [A] received [B] accepted [C] acknowledged [D] admitted
2. [A] accountable [B] achievable [C] accessible [D] agreeable
3. [A] Teenagers [B] Grown-ups [C] Children [D] Adults
4.[A]predominantly [B] preferentially [C] previously [D] precisely
5. [A] occasion [B] event [C] situation [D] gathering
6. [A] these [B] those [C] which [D] whom
7. [A] pear [B] peel [C] peer [D] pool
8. [A] improved [B] included [C] inspired [D] instructed
9. [A] beers [B] whiskies [C] beverages [D] wines
10. [A] alone [B] along [C] aloud [D] aloof
11. [A] bored [B] boring [C] excited [D] exciting
12. [A] low [B] high [C] cool [D] warm
13. [A] dead [B] death [C] deadening [D] deadly
14. [A] of [B] in [C] on [D] about
15. [A] alcohol [B] alcoholic [C] alcoholism [D] alcoholization
16. [A] endeavor [B] engage [C] insist [D] practise
17. [A] Consequent [B] Subsequent [C] Incident [D] Frequent
18. [A] possible [B] lively [ C] likely [D] feasible
19. [A] known as [B] remembered as [C] much as [D] such as
20.[A] unperceived [B] unplaced [C] unplanned [D] undiscovered
Text18
One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic1in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services2as well. More and more of those credit cards can be3automatically, making4possible to withdraw or5money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open, For many of us the "cashless society" is not6---- it' s already here.
7computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many8for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply9sales. They can keep a wide10of records, including who sold what, when and to whom. This information allows businessmen to11track of their list of goods12showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving.13to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which14are the busiest and which employees are the most efficient,
allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made15. And they also16preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for17reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in18, of raw materials19hand, and even of the production process itself.
Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric20to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
1. [A] mortgage [B]acknowledgement [C] loan [D] credit
2. [A] available [B] profitable [C] homogeneous [D] instantaneous
3. [A] issued [B] read [C] taken [D] used
4. [A] it [B] that [C] those [D] them
5. [A] lodge [B] secure [C] input [D] deposit
6. [A]on the air [B]in the distance [C] on the horizon [D]before long
7. [A] While [B] When [C] If [D] Though
8. [A] drawbacks [B] handicaps [C] rewards [D] advantages
9. [A] bring up [B] ring up [C] show up [D] mark up
10. [A] range [B] area [C] field [D] scope
11. [A] take [B] follow [C] keep [D] make
12. [A] with [B] through [C] in [D] by
13 [A] Resolutions [B] Determinations [C] Requirements [D] Decisions
14. [A] ages [B] hours [C] times [D] eras
15.[A] respectively [B] rationally [C] accordingly [D] justifiably
16. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] distinguish [D] discriminate
17. [A]comparative [B] dissimilar [C] compatible [D] similar
18. [A] stock [B] order [C] store [D] cash
19. [A] at [B] by [C] under [D]on
20. [A] utilities [B] appliances [C] apparatus [D] equipment
Text19
About 40 percent of Americans think of themselves as shy, while only 20 percent say they have never suffered fro m shyness at some point in their lives. Shyness occurs when a person?s apprehensions are so great that they1 his making an expected or desired social response.2of shyness can be as minor as3to make eye contact when speaking to someone,4as major as avoiding conversations whenever possible.
“Shy people tend to be too5with themselves,” said Jonathan Cheek, a psychologist, who is one of those at the forefront of current research on the topic. “6, for a smooth conversation, you need to pay attention to the other person?s cues7he is saying and doing. But the shy person is full of8about how he seems to the other person, and so he often9cues he should pick up. The result is an awkward lag in the conversation. Shy people need to stop focusing on10and switch their attention to the other person.”
11, shy people by and large have12social abilities than they think they do.13Dr. Cheek videotaped shy people talking to14, and then had raters (评估者) evaluate how socially skilled the people were, he found that, in the15of other people, the shy group had few16problems. But when he asked the shy people themselves17they had done, they were unanimous in saying that they had been social flops (失败).
“Shy people are their own18critics,” D r. Cheek said.19he added, shy people feel they are being judged more20than they actually are, and overestimate how obvious their social anxiety is to others.
1. [A] prevent [B] inhibit [C] keep [D] motivate
2. [A] Symptoms [B] Signals [C] Highlights [D] Incidences
3. [A] succeeding [B] failing [C] acting [D] responding
4. [A] but [B] not [C] or [D] nor
5. [A] preoccupied [B] absorbed [C] engaged [D] indulged
6. [A] However [B] Then [C] For example [D] Instead
7. [A] that [B] which [C] what [D] how
8. [A] worries [B] feelings [C] emotions [D] indifferences
9. [A] follows [B] picks up [C] misses [D] catches
10.[A]the conversation [B] shyness [C] others [D] themselves
11. [A] Therefore [B] Nevertheless [C]On the contrary [D] Similarly
12. [A] worse [B] as good [C] better [D] best
13. [A] When [B] Since [C] While [D] As
14. [A] themselves [B] friends [C] strangers [D] others
15. [A] name [B] terms [C] ease [D] eyes
16. [A] oblivious [B] obvious [C] oblique [D] obscure
17. [A] what [B] whatever [C] how [D] however
18. [A] best [B] justice [C] fair [D] worst
19. [A] In particular [B] In contrast [C] In general [D] In comparison
20. [A] positively [B] negatively [C] subjectively [D] objectively
Text20
What is your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The first time you heard thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom1events much earlier than the year or so before entering school,2children younger than three or four3retain any specific, personal experiences.
A variety of explanations have been4by psychologists for this "childhood a mnesia" (儿童失忆症). One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is5for forming memories, does not mature until about the age of two. But the most popular theory6that, since adults don't think like children, they cannot7 childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or8―one event follows9 as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental10for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don?t find any that fit the11. It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.
Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new12for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply13any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr Simms, children need to learn to use someone else?s spoken description of their personal14in order to turn their own short term, quickly forgotten15of them into long term memories. In other16, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about17― Mother talking about the afternoon18looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this19reinforcement, says Dr Simms, children cannot form 20memories of their personal experiences.
1. [A] figure [B] interpret [C] recall [D] affirm
2. [A] now that [B] even if [C] as though [D] just as
3. [A] largely [B] rarely [C] merely [D] really
4. [A] refuted [B] defied [C] proposed [D] witnessed
5. [A] responsible [B] suitable [C] favorable [D] available
6. [A] declines [B] assesses [C] estimates [D] maintains
7. [A] reflect [B] attain [C] access [D] acquire
8. [A] narratives [B] forecasts [C]communications [D] descriptions
9. [A] the rest [B] another [C] the other [D] others
10. [A] deposits [B] dreams [C] flashes [D] files
11. [A] model [B] pattern [C] frame [D] formula
12. [A] emphasis [B] assertion [C] explanation [D] assumption
13. [A] aren?t[B] weren?t[C] isn?t[D] was?t
14. [A] instincts [B] feelings [C] sensations [D] experiences
15. [A] impressions [B] beliefs [C] minds [D] insights
16. [A] senses [B] cases [C] words [D] aspects
17. [A] him [B] their [C]it [D]them
18. [A] taken [B] utilized [C] applied [D] spent
19. [A] habitual [B] verbal [C] unique [D] particular
20. [A] permanent [B] mental [C] spiritual [D] conscious
Text 6
1.【答案】A. include
【解析】本题测试词义搭配.include(= bring in as a part of the whole) 包括，包含：1) The book includes two chapters on grammar. 2) The plan includes most of your suggestions. 3) Our delegation included two interpreters(我们的代表团里包括2位翻译)involve 虽然也有“包含”的意思，但其后所接的名词大多数是非实体性名词，所以involve 的确切含义是“（=have s a necessary consequence）必然包括某种结果，牵涉到”，例如：The war involved a great increase in the national debt.（战争必然使国家负债骤增。）根据上下文的意思来看，此处指“昆虫中有某些人类最大的天敌”，句中enemies是实体名词，故此体应选include. cover 也有“包括”之意，但主要是指“谈到，涉及到”，例如：1) The discussion covered a wide range of subjects. (这次讨论涉及到范围广阔的议题。) 2）His studies covered a wide field.(他的研究涉及到很大的领域) cover 作“包括，包含”解时一般不结具体的事物或动物名词。consist 后接of,意为“由…..组成”。可见，本题答案非A 莫属。
2.【答案】C. it
【解析】本题测试结构搭配.it 是形式宾语，其实际宾语是for us to live in the world.
3.【答案】B. for
【解析】本题测试结构搭配. were it not for sth. 是虚拟条件句，意为“要不是….,要是没有….的话”。
4.【答案】C. owe
【解析】本题测结构型词义搭配. owe…..to…把…..归功于….: He owed his success o luck more than to capacity. contribute to 有助于，促进，加剧：Cars contribute to air pollution. (汽车加剧了空气污染)；devote sth. to 奉献，致力于；dedicate … t o 奉献；均不符合题意。
5.【答案】B. put
【解析】本题测试词义搭配.put together 加在一起。put together 在句中是过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的all of them.
6.【答案】A. number
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. insect 是可数名词。此处是指昆虫的“数目”，故应选number. An (或the) amount of +不可数名词（单数），故不能入选。plenty of +可数名词（复数）或不可数名词（单数），意为“很多，大量的”，用于肯定句中，例如：1) There was plenty of work for girls of her age. 2) There are plenty of men out of work. (许多失业男子)proportion 比例。
7.【答案】B. Moreover
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.moreover 意为“此外，而且”，正合题意。
8.【答案】D. harm
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. do harm to …对某人有害，正合题意。do damage to sth. 对….造成损害，与题意不符。do good to sb./sth. 对…有好处，与题意相悖。do与ruin不搭配，通常说cause ruin, bring about ruin, lead to ruin等
9.【答案】A. as
【解析】本题测试结构搭配.as 引导非限定性定语从句，例如：As you know, China is a country with a large population. (正如你所知道的，中国是一个人口众多的国家)
10.【答案】C. nor
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. not … as 翻译时否定要转移到as 上。
本句译文：蜘蛛不像许多人想的那样是昆虫，它们甚至与昆虫几乎无关。nor引导的是延续否定句，其中省略了主语与系动词。如果把主语与系动词补上，则应为：…nor are spiders even nearly related to them. not nearly 意为“全然不”，此句中的not的否定意义由nor来体现。此外，有些语法学家认为，此类句子中nor连接的是两个并列成分，例如：For ten days I did not see him nor telephone him.
so引导延续肯定句，例如：She was right, and so were you , at least to an extent. (她是对的，你至少在某种程度上也是对的。) 根据上下文意思，此句时表示延续否定，因此不能用，so。至于either,虽然也可以用在延续否定句中，但词序不对，例如：1) I can?t dance, either. 2) China will not be a superpower, not either or even in the future. (中国不做超级大国，现在不做，以后也不做。)
none pron.作代词：1) None of them spoke English except Tallit. 2)”How many fish did you catch?” ”None. ” 3) We none of us said anything. (作同位语) 4)She had none of her brother?s beauty.(她一点也不像他兄弟的美貌。)5) none but Johnson could have done such a thing.(只有约翰有可能作出这样的事来。) 6) The stranger was none other than my old friend. (这位陌生人不是别人，正是我的老朋友。)
none adv. 作副词：1) She spent two weeks in hospital but she is none the better for it. (她住院两个星期，但他并不因此而好一些。) 2) None the less it is one of the most powerful weapons the workers possess. (尽管如此，这仍然是工人手中最有力的武器之一。)3) I am afraid he is none too clever .(恐怕他不太聪明。) 根据题意，本题不能选none.但上述有关none的用法，例句考生务必倍加注意，因为none是常用词，所以它是重要的测试内容。例如：1984年试题I. 26. The man over there is ____our principal. A. no other but B. no other than C. no one than D. none other than (应选D. none other than)
11.【答案】B. difference
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.根据上下文意思可以看出，此处是讲蜘蛛与昆虫的区别，故应选B。difference.考生在做类似试题时，一定要注意上下文的连贯意思。
12.【答案】C. for
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.此句中for引导表示附加说明的原因分句。按传统语法分类，for在此引导的分句是并列句而不是从句。按惯用发，在for前必须有逗号。
13.【答案】D. involved
【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配.participate(in)参与；join(in)参加；但本句谓语是被动语态，故上述两词均不能入选。be involved in 参与，参加；如填入句中不但在此以上，而且在结构上均符合题意，故答案非D莫属。
14.【答案】D. behalf
【解析】本题测试词惯用搭配.on one?s behalf or on behalf(=for; in the interest(s)of; on account of) 代表，为了….的缘故：1) I am writing on behalf of my mother to express her thanks for your gift. 2) I felt guilty on you behalf. (我为你感到内疚。) in honor of or in one?s honor 为了（纪念或表示敬意而举行某活动）：We gave the dinner party in his honor (我们为他举办晚餐会。) for the sake of 为了…..起见。on one?s good/bad side(搞好/坏关系)：John thought that he would get a good grade if he got on the good side of the teacher.(约翰想，如他和老师搞好关系，他会得到高分。) 此外，on the side 额外的，作为兼职的：He makes a little money on the side by doing house-keeping work for Mrs. Johnson. (他替约翰太太做家务额外挣一点钱。)
15.【答案】A. on
【解析】on 表示“关于（某一问题）；对，就（某一点）”，例如：We had many quarrels on politics and religion.
2) You are an authority on clothes. 3) He is absorbed in his work on bacteria. in 表示“在…方面”，例如：a specialist in history 历史学方面的专家。
16.【答案】A. census
【解析】本题测试词义搭配.本题测试考生辨析形似异意词的能力。census 调查；consensus 一致看法。（意见等）一致；conscience 良心；consciousness 意识，觉悟，自觉。
17.【答案】B. something
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.something like(=approximately)大约。
18.【答案】C. impossible
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.按上下文逻辑意思来看，应选impossible,句中more than 修饰the widest,说明其程度，如：I? m more than content with what you have just said (我对你刚才所说的极其满意。)
19.【答案】D. wildest
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. wild 在此处的含义是“不精确的，大致的，（没有证据的）大胆的”。本句译文：不可能做出极其大胆的猜测：蜘蛛杀灭多少害虫，但是蜘蛛是胃口极大的动物。它们肯定不会满足一天只吃三顿。
20.【答案】D. content
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.从逻辑意思和语义上分析，content正合题意。上面谈到“蜘蛛是食量很大的动物”，可见“蜘蛛是不会满足于一天三顿的”。be content with 满足于：My father had to be content with this small success.
Text 7
1.【答案】D. convenient
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.从逻辑意思上看，此处是讲“支票对买者和卖者均很方便”。故正确答案为D. convenient. complicated 复杂的；trivial 琐碎的，无足轻重的；bearable可忍受的。
2.【答案】A. valueless
【解析】本题测试词义搭配.valueless 无价值的。从上下文来看，支票不是真正的钱，因为支票本身是无价值的。invaluable 无法估价的，非常宝贵的。
3.【答案】C. risk
【解析】本题测试词惯用搭配. run a risk 是习语，意为“冒风险”，例如：You are running a risk in trusting him. (你相信他是一种冒险的行为。)
4.【答案】A. within
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.within one?s right 有权…，在某人的权限内：You would be quite within your right to refuse to work on Sunday.
5.【答案】C. on occasion
【解析】本题测试词义型逻辑搭配.in general 一般来说；at the least 至少；on occasion 偶尔；in short 总之。从上下文意思来看，应选C. on occasion
本句译文：当店主接受支票时，他总是要冒一点的风险的。因此，如果他偶尔拒绝受支票，它也是完全有权这样做的。
6.【答案】D. in question
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配. call sth. in question (=raise doubts about sth.) 对…表示怀疑：His honesty was called in question. (他的诚实受到怀疑。) 不能选in doubt,因为没有call sth. in doubt 这个习语。in earnest 认真的。
7.【答案】B. experience
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. have an extremely unpleasant experience 意为“ 有一次非常不愉快的经历”。accident 事故；event 重大事件；incident 事件，事变，附带的事：border incident (边界事件)。相比之下，experience 是最佳选择。
8.【答案】B. stock
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. keep a large stock of 备有大量…..的现货供应，故stock指商店供销售的现货。例如：1) This store has a large stock of shirts. (这商店有大量衬衫出售。) 2) The green grocery keeps a large stock of vegetables and fruits. (这家蔬菜水果店有大量的蔬菜水果供应。) a large store of sth. 指“ 大量储藏某物”，根据题意，此次是指商店。商店不是仓库，商店的现货是供出售的，故此处选store 不合题意。a number of 接可数名词复数，只指有若干某物，无供出售的含义。可见，如填number 虽不算错，但不是最佳答案。至于an amount of 后接单数形式的不可数名词，所以无论在逻辑意思上或语法结构上均不和题意。
本句译文：他去一家备有大量宝石的商店，要了一些珍珠项链来挑选。
9. 【答案】D. decided
【解析】本题测试机构型词义搭配.decide 后可接不定式，但consider后接动名词：consider changing one?s plan. consider 后接不定式，则必须有连接代词或连接副词：consider how to change the plan, consider what to do next.至于think, 不能说think to do sth.。conceive 后不接不定式。可见consider, think 和conceive在语法结构上均不符合题意。
10. 【答案】A. by
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.pay by cheque 用支票支付；pay in cash或pay cash付现金。
11.【答案】A. in order
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配. be in order 在此句中的意思是合适，适当，符合规定，如：Is your passport in order? (你的护照符合规定吗？)in need 在逆境中：A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难之交才是真正的朋友) in use 在使用：This word is still in use. 其翻译结构是out of use(现在)不使用：This railway station used to be in use. It is now out of use. in common 共同的：We have much in common.
12.【答案】C. exactly
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. exactly(=correctly, quite)正确的，完全地：Your answer is exactly right. (你的答案完全正确。) extremely 极度地，极端地；在本句中有言过其实的含义；largely 主要的；mostly 主要地，基本上，均不符合题意。
13.【答案】D. worthless
【解析】本题测试词义型逻辑搭配.worthless 毫无价值的。根据语篇意思其他三个选择均不切题。
14.【答案】B. at
【解析】本题测试结构搭配. at any moment 即刻，随时。
15.【答案】D. unless
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.unless 除非，如果不。unless用来连接反意条件句：I shall go there unless it rains. 本句译文：当他起身要走的时候经理告诉他，警察随时会来。如果他不像招惹麻烦的话，最好在这儿呆一会儿。
16.【答案】B. Sure enough
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.sure enough 果然，果然不出所料：1) I said it would happen, and sure enough it did happen. (我说这件事会发生的，果然就发生了。) 2) I told him to come, and sure enough he arrived the next morning. ( 我叫他来，果然第二天早晨他来了。)
really 真正地，实在；certainly 当然，肯定，确实。虽然从意义上看，这两个词填入空内似乎也说得过去，但really放在句首，做插入语并用逗号隔开时，意为“确实，实际上”，如：Really, that was a terrible mistake. (确实，那是一个严重的错误。)
certainly 放在句首，并用逗号分开，做插入语时，一般用于问答句中，意为“当然”，如:“Can I use the telephone?” “Certainly, you can.”
however 然而，用来表示语气的转折，故不合题意。
在选择承上启下的过度词时，考生必须纵观上下文，切勿断章取义。要注意所选的词或短语在具体的上下文中所填补的确切含义。特别要留心近义词与易混淆词，并注意句与句之间的逻辑关系。
17.【答案】C. inconvenience
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. convenience不便，麻烦；treatment 对待，处理；manner(做事情的）方法，方
式；behavior 举止，品行，行为。根据题意只能选inconvenience.
本句译文：由于给我的朋友带来麻烦，她们向他表示歉意，并请他抄写那个诈骗犯在几家商店里曾用过的条子。
18.【答案】C. copy out
【解析】本题测试惯用型词义搭配.copy out 抄写；write off报废；购销（债务）；write out 开出（药方，支票等）；make out 弄懂；辨认，开出（支票，药方）
19.【答案】A. read
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.read 此处意为“上面写道”：The ticket reads “From New York to Boston”. (票上写着“从纽约到波士顿”。) 可见，其它选项均为错误的。
注意：可用say来表达同样的意思：1) Her passport says she is nineteen. (她的护照上写道她19岁。) 2) The papers say the export is down. (据报载，出口额下降了。)
20.【答案】B. Fortunately
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.
本句译文：很幸运，我朋友的笔迹与诈骗犯的笔迹完全不同。根据上下文的意思，只有填入Fortunately 才合题意。
Text 8
1．【答案】A
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。空格句表示“创建了……市场”之一，created 语义恰当，为答案。initiated 一般表示“开始实施，发起”之意，与plans，schemes，social reforms 等连用。
2．【答案】C
【解析】本题考查形近词辨析。represent 意为“代表，标志”，带入后句意为：创建了一个新的电子的经济指标（economic indices）市场，这些指标代表的是实质性的经济风险。
3．【答案】A
【解析】本题为一般的词汇题。带入后上下文语义连贯的选项为A“先进的”。
4．【答案】B
【解析】called带入后意为“被称为the Parimutuel Digital Call Auction的……”，与“developed by...”一样为后置定语，共同修饰前面的“technology”一词。
5．【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词短语的用法。“in the sense of”意为“按照（就）……的意义来说”，带入后句意为“它被称为数字化的，是就其提供了的一个数字化的方法而言的”。
6．【答案】D
【解析】根据空格前后的递进性的句意逻辑，合适的关系词是only if（只有），带入后与if 语气递进。7．【答案】B
【解析】这是一道词汇题。由于前两句都是在强调“range”（范围），该题答案也是range 才能保持句意的连贯。
8．【答案】C
【解析】本题涉及介词的用法。与bet 搭配的常为on，带入后意为“在……下赌”。
9．【答案】A
【解析】本题考查词汇知识。“virtually”意为“几乎；确实”，带入后符合句意，为答案。
10．【答案】B
【解析】本题考查词汇知识。“assess”意为“评估”，符合句意，为答案。
11．【答案】B
【解析】which带入后引导非限制性定语从句，为正确答案。
12．【答案】B
【解析】本题涉及上下文的理解。由于下文主要讨论家庭保险，所以本题答案为insurance，符合句意逻辑。
13．【答案】A
【解析】“what”引导宾语从句“what, for most people, is the single most ...”，做介词of的宾语。
14．【答案】C
【解析】这是一道词汇题。C“组成部分”符合句意，为正确答案。
15．【答案】D
【解析】这是一道词汇题。launched（使开始，推出）带入后做后置定语，修饰前面的program，意为“……所推出的计划”，应为最佳选项。released意为“公布，发行”，应排除。
16．【答案】D
【解析】本题涉及动词短语。根据句意，D rely on(依靠)为正确答案。
17．【答案】A
【解析】本题考查词汇知识。A terms“(双方提出的)条件，条款”，带入后句意为“确定保险单中的具体条款（to define the terms of the policy）”，前后连贯，为正确答案。
18．【答案】B
【解析】这是一道语法题。being带入后，时态上与空格前的now呼应，构成分词结构，与前面的already begun 并列为后置定语，共同修饰“Electronic futures markets”（电子期货市场）。
19．【答案】C
【解析】本题涉及词的引申用法，stand 可以表达“处于某种状态或情形”之意，带入后意为“但它们却是这样一种技术的雏形……” 。再如：The house stood empty for months. 故 C 为答案。其他三项意思均为“出现”，不符句意。
20．【答案】C
【解析】本题考查副词的用法。A“以某种方式，不知怎么回事”，不符句意，排除。B“不管怎么说”，不符句意，排除。C “用别的方式，在其他方面”符合句意，为正确答案。D“因此”，不符句意，排除。
Text 9
1.【答案】D
【解析】suitable是“合适的”，reliable是“可靠的”，identifiable是“可辨认的，可识别的”；available是“可获得的”。这篇文章是关于饮食全球化的，这句话要表达的意思是：“来自世界不同厨房的菜谱和饭菜将在任何时间任何地点。”根据句子意思应该填available，所以D是正确答案。
2. 【答案】A
【解析】trend是“趋势，时髦，时尚”，fashion是“时尚，时兴，风行一时的事物”，tendency是“趋势，趋向”，style是“流行式样，款式新颖的东西”。全球化对于饮食来说，不仅是趋势，而且是一种时尚，包含这两层意思的只有trend，因此答案是A。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】component是“(组)成(部)分，零件，部件”，food是“事物，食品”，ingredient是“(混合物的)组成部分，成份，(烹调的)原料”，stuff是“食物，饮料”。要填的单词和空格后面的cooking styles构成并列关系，和烹调方式直接相关的是烹调的原料，即ingredients，foods和stuffs虽然也和主题相关，但如果和cooking styles搭配，逻辑关系不够严谨，所以答案是C。
4. 【答案】B
【解析】transport是“运输，运送”，transplant是“移植，移种”，transfer是“搬，转移，调动”，translate是“翻译，给……重新措辞，解释，说明”。空格前的they指代的是这句话的主语，即ingredients and cooking styles，空格所填的动词必须与之搭配，transport只能和ingredients搭配，cooking styles是无法transport的，transfer 只能和ingredients搭配，translate只能和cooking styles搭配，只有transplant既能和ingredients，又能和cooking styles搭配，所以正确答案是B。
5. 【答案】A
【解析】part是“一部分，部分”，role是“角色，作用，任务”，portion是“一部分，一份”，side是“边，缘，侧面，方面”。根据上下文以及英语的习惯表达，这里应该选part，A是正确答案。6. 【答案】B
【解析】insight后面应该跟介词into，因此答案是B。
7. 【答案】C
【解析】taste是“味道，滋味”，flavor是“滋味，味道”，dish是“一盘菜，莱肴，食品”，course是“(一)道(菜)”，常用表达法如a nine-course banquet，指的是“9道菜的宴会”。taste和flavor都是抽象名词，意思相近，无法区别，属于干扰选项，所以同时排除，正确答案是C。
8. 【答案】B
【解析】information是“情报，资料，消息”，knowledge是“知识，了解，熟悉”，insight是“洞察力，洞悉，深入了解”，experience是“经历，阅历，经验，体验”。首先排除insight和experience，因为人们不需要对不同大洲和文化的食物或原料有所洞察或者经历、经验，而information指的是关于某一形势、人或事件的信息，所以knowledge更加合适，答案是B。
9. 【答案】A
【解析】socialization是“社会化(指使人，尤其儿童，形成为其社会所接受的行为方式的过程)”，realization是“实现，理解，认知”，standardization是“标准化”，localization是“地方化，本地化”。空格要填的单词和后面的cultural exchange及Success构成并列，这段话是针对globe-trotting businessmen而言，他们为融入当地的文化需要做出什么样努力，他们的目的是让自己的行为被当地人所接受，因此要去了解当地的文化，而不是把自身的文化本地化，所以选socialization，答案是A。
10. 【答案】C
【解析】however是“然而，可是”，somehow是“由于某种未知的原因，不知怎的”，moreover是“而且，此外”，anyway是“无论如何”。第二段是讲奔走于世界各地的商人要了解所到之处的饮食文化，第三段是讲人们足不出户就可以了解世界其他地方的饮食，两者之间是递进的关系，所以选C。
11. 【答案】C
【解析】strange是“外地的，异乡的，奇特的，奇怪的”，new是“新的”，exotic是“外(国)来的，异国情调的，外国气派(或风味)的”，remote是“远的，边远的”。这段第一句话的意思是“此外，烹饪全球化不仅仅局限于亲身去旅行。”烹饪全球化的意思是不同国家之间的饮食文化进行交流，所以这里选择C是最贴切的。
12. 【答案】A
【解析】四个选项都是用conscious构成的复合词，指“注重…的”。soul food是指“美国(尤指南方)黑人常吃的食物(如猪小肠、玉米面包、猪脚爪、煎鲇鱼、山药等)”，传统的soul food在用料和烹调方法上对健康有一定的影响，出于健康原因，现在的soul food已经进行了一定的改良，所以这里选A。
13. 【答案】B
【解析】population是“人口”，popularity是“普及，流行，大众化”，quantity是“数量”，prosperity是“繁荣”。这句话的主语是fast-casual restaurants，同位语trendy eateries是指时髦的餐馆，强调时髦与流行，所以答案是B。
14. 【答案】A
【解析】expand是“扩大，发展”，extend是“伸展，延伸，延续”，export是“(尤指向国外) 输出”，exclude是“不让(或阻止)…进入，不包括”。可以：立即排除exclude，而这句话的主语是ethnic cuisine，export这个动作不能由它发出，因此排除export，extend指的是长度上的延伸，与cuisine也不能搭配，因此答案是A。
15. 【答案】D
【解析】这一段的主题句说：“民族特色的菜肴将向全世界扩展，并相互融合”。冒号后面的两句话是举例说明。第二句话的大概意思是说在纽约和芝加哥的小餐馆里有乌兹别克的菜，融合了波斯、俄国和中国的特色。第一句话是一个类似的例子，就是说可以在chifa这种食物的发源地秘鲁之外的地方找到它，beyond正好表达这个意思，所以选D。
16. 【答案】A
【解析】flavor是“滋味，味道”，flower是“花”，flour是“面粉”，flame是“火焰”。这句话的主干是dishes combine.答案明显是A。
17. 【答案】B
【解析】recreate是“使再现，重新创造”，rethink是“(尤指为作出改变而深入地)再想，重新思考”，represent
考研英语完型填空练习题及答案（一） Having passed what I considered the worst obstacle, our spiritsrose. We__1__towards the left of the cliff, where the going was better, 2 rathersteeper. Here we found little snow, 3 most of it seemed to have been 4 off themountain. There was no 5 of the mountain in the distance because the cloudswere forming all around us. About 1 o’clock a storm 6 suddenly. We had time to have 7 its approach but wewere concentrating on cutting steps, and 8 we had time to do anything, we wereblinded by snow. We could not move up or down and had to wait 9 , gettingcolder and colder. 10 my hood(兜帽), my nose and cheeks were frostbitten and I dared not take a handout of my glove to warm them. After two hours of this, I realized we would have to do 11 to avoidbeing frozen to death where we stood. From time to time through the mist I had12 the outline of a dark buttress(扶壁)just above us, todescend in the wind was 13 question; our only hope was to scramble up to thisbuttress, and dig out a platform at the foot of it on which we could 14 ourtent. We climbed to this place and started to 15 the ice. At first mycompanion seemed to regard the 16 as hopeless but gradually the wind 17 and hecheered up. 18 we had made a platform big enough to put up the tent, and we didthis as 19 we could. We 20 into our sleeping bags and fell
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2016考研英语真题解析：完形填空终于看懂了 2016考研英语一的完形填空主题是关于“柬埔寨青年的结婚习俗”,内容好理解,题目也很简单,如果有同学最后不做而靠蒙的话,可就有点可惜了! 下面跨考教育英语教研室孟老师以2016年真题为例，为考生详细解析完形填空：Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family. The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__198 0s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ pray ers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in h oly water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily ma rried and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife' s parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby. Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months. 1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as 2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to 3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone 4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example 5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although 6. A. into B. within C. from D. through 7. A. or B. since C. but D. so 8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create 9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying 10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving 11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union 12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live 13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if 14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain 15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed 16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however
2008年考研英语真题——完型填空 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection. This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,13 hey also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 ave previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 ucation. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18 is argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 em to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 ate of affairs. 1. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased 2. [A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare 3. [A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against 4. [A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately 5. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence 6. [A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk 7. [A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects 8. [A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question 9. [A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating 10. [A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total 11. [A] unconsciously [B] disproportionately [C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably 12. [A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers 13. [A] affirm [B] witness [C] observe [D] approve 14. [A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile 15. [A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down 16. [A] assessing [B] supervising [C] administering [D] valuing 17. [A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D] instrument 18. [A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined 19. [A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed 20. [A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuous
2016考研英语：完型填空都考什么 完型填空在考研英语复习中的位置其实是一个比较尴尬的角色，因为大部分考生会把主要精力放在考研英语阅读和作文的攻克上，相比这两大部分而言，完型填空的分值确实相对较少，但并不等于可以就此放过。在2016考研的战场上，一分可能就是成功与失败的距离。今天我们就通过考研英语真题来看看，完型填空的那个“空”到底想考查什么。 【相关真题】 As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 . Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 . The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why 2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses
2006年考研英语完形填空真题解析 The homeless make up a growing percentage of America's population. 1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can't possibly 2 . To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing. 5 everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates 6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. 7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8 , one of the federal government's studies 9 that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives 16 . Boston Globe reporter Chris Reedy notes that the situation will improve only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it. "There has to be 20 of programs. What we need is a package deal." 1.[A]Indeed[B]Likewise[C]Therefore[D]Furthermore 2.[A]stand[B]cope[C]approve[D]retain 3.[A]in[B]for[C]with[D]toward 4.[A]raise[B]add[C]take[D]keep 5.[A]Generally[B]Almost[C]Hardly[D]Not 6.[A]cover[B]change[C]range[D]differ 7.[A]Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that 8.[A]inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]extending 9.[A]predicts[B]displays[C]proves[D]discovers 10.[A]assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss 11.[A]Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only 12.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house 13.[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering 14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas 15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance 16.[A]around[B]over[C]on[D]up 17.[A]complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating 18.[A]So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus 19.[A]puts[B]interprets[C]assumes[D]makes 20.[A]supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation[D]coordination 文章背景 本文主要介绍了美国社会中的无家可归者，以及他们目前的现状：他们的数量已经增长至地方政府对付不了的地步，需要联邦政府采取措施帮助他们重新获得自立。但是，许多无家可归者即使在解决温饱之后仍然游荡街头，这是因为他们要么酗酒或吸毒成瘾，要么患严
考研英语完型填空：Use of English 在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整 一、完形填空文章的特点 1. 2. 1)主题（focus） 2)导向性或作者态度的倾向性（观点和态度） 3.短文通常包含三部分基本结构 1)主题呈现 ①文首直接点题 ②用引子（如与主题相关的背景，与论点相似或相对立的观点等）引出主题，主题句在文中或文末出现 2)主题展开 ①提出问题或表述观点后，要对其进行分析、论证，即展开主题 ②主题展开方式，主要体现在短文段落的划分（论述的层次）及各段主题的安排（分论点）上 3)作结 ①下结论 ②提建议 ③概括、总结全文 ④描述事件发展的结果、影响 4. 1)总述是对分述的总结和概括-（中心主线） 2)分述是对总述的展开和祥述-（确保主线贯穿全文） 5. 二、考查要求：能够熟练运用考试大纲要求的英语词汇及语法知识 1.语言要素(包括词汇、语法即表达方式和结构) ① ② 2.语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等) ① 四、完形填空考查内容: 1.词汇知识:形近词及近义词的（动词短语、介词短语）辨析；词汇搭配；一词多义 2.语法知识: 句子基本结构；逻辑关系；上下文语法搭配 ①六大逻辑关系：转折、让步、因果、并列、总分、递进 ②六类从句用法：主宾表，定状同 ③介词含义和用法 ④副词的程度与频率 ⑤句子内部语法结构 3.阅读能力:句子内部信息获取；上下文信息获取；上下文语意关系
五、命题特点： 1.一篇完整的文章=未知信息（20处填空）+已知信息，通过已知信息破解未知信息 2.文章的语言难度显然低于阅读理解题，甚至低于大纲样题 3.干扰选项也多是常用词汇，设置时考虑了内容和结构两方面的完整性与合理性 4.命题大大弱化了对词汇及语法的单纯考查，而加重了对语段特征的辨识能力的考查，即加大了测试语篇水平理解题， 特别是上下文衔接题的比列 六、真题当选选项分布特点 1.A、B、C、D的个数在4个到6个之间，5个最常见 2.几乎没有连续3个答案都一样的情况，连续两个答案都一样的情况在0到3个之间 七、解题思路: 1. ①初步把握：篇章主题、文章基调与作者观点、态度，以及文章的脉络结构（段落划分、段落主题、行文逻辑） 2. ①先解答比较容易、有把握的题目 ②先从整体着手，再根据不断增多的文章信息推断细节 3.第三步：基本完成解题后，需要再读全文，已进行检查 4.解题过程中要时刻具备“语篇意识”，注意选项在上下文语境中是否通顺、连贯、合理 八、完形“十二类”标准题型对应解决方法（相关已知信息提示-线索定位分析法） 欲解出一个未知填空，首先需要在文章的已知信息中定位所有与这个未知填空相关联的已知信息点（线索），通过这些已知的信息点的分析总结，推断出未知填空的答案 对整篇文章从结构布局、上下文关系到句子内部结构进行层层分析，从各个层次定位未知填空的相关已知线索，从已知信息破解未知信息 相关已知信息点（提示线索）的分布规律： ①句子内部：每处具体的未知填空都处在一个具体的句子之中，因此与未知填空相关联的已知信息往往处在于此句子 之中，也就是说此未知填空的附近 ②上下文：由于完形文章的上下文之间往往有着明显的逻辑关系，因此一些与填空相关联的已知信息也会分布在此填 空所在句子的上下文中 ③整个意群、段落、文章的结构中：除了看未知填空所在的句子、所在句子的上下句之外。还有一些相关联的已知 信息需要从填空处的整个意群、段落、文章的结构和文章的中心主线所包含的信息去查找
考研英语完型填空之答 案详解 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior. The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself. After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored 2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof 4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments 6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work 7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as 8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion 9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant 10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by 11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
2011年考研英语完形填空答案及真题解析(沪江完美版) Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as ―a bodily exercise precious to health.‖ But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. __6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___