20多岁的年轻人在2014年该做的9件事
It's crazy how quickly time is going by. Every year, I make goals for myself and can never seem to accomplish them all. It's like I try to cram all of these tasks -- for instance, starting a company, winning the lottery, getting a book deal, creating a TV show, etc. -- into a year, but most are not actually all that realistic. Like, I'm probably not going to become famous overnight, right? However, beyond the many things I hope to accomplish some time in the near future, there are a couple of things I -- and you -- should do in the new year no matter what.
时间如白驹过隙，每年我都给自己制定目标，却从没能够实现。好像我总试图把这些计划——比如，开公司、赢彩票、出本书、创办电视秀等等，全部塞到一年中去；可事实上大部分都不切实际。就像我不可能一夜暴富一样，是吧？不过，撇开许多我希望能在不久的将来实现的目标，下面这些——我认为大家无论如何都应该在新年里做好。Here are 9 things every 20-something should do in 2014:
下面就是20多岁年轻人在2014年应该做的事情：
1. Be active.
积极进取。
Whether you're going to the gym twice a day every day or you're taking walks around your neighborhood three times a week, make sure you are
doing some sort of physical activity on the regular. Don't say you're too busy for it... we're all busy. You just need to make time for it (especially if you sit at a desk all week long). Whether that time is on the weekend, at 5:00 a.m. every day, or right before you go to bed, make it happen. Five minutes of crunches is better than nothing.
无论你打算每天去两次健身房，还是每周在小区内散三次步，都应保证自己有规律地进行体能运动。不要推说太忙没时间运动——大家都很忙。你只需挤点时间就行（尤其当你整个星期都久坐在桌前的时候）。不论是在周末还是每天早上5:00，或者睡觉之前，只要有时间，就去运动。做五分钟仰卧起坐总比一点都不运动的好。
2. Take a vacation.
享受假期。
We are given mandatory vacation days for a reason. Don't use them all on days for appointments and visiting home. Go somewhere warm! Go somewhere romantic! Go somewhere exotic and different. You have your own money now. And you certainly deserve it.
法定假期自有存在的道理。不要把假期都花在赴约和走亲访友上。去温暖、浪漫而又充满异域情调的地方吧！你自己挣了钱，当然应该好好犒劳自己。
3. Have a crazy night(s) out.
度过疯狂一晚。
No, you don't have to get wasted every time you go out. You don't even have to drink every time you go out. In fact, you don't even need to go out that much. But make sure you have at least one wild night this year when you do go out (preferably more than one). And by wild night, I of course mean drink so much that you do stupid things you will most definitely regret the next morning. Everyone needs a good story every now and then.
别误会——你不一定非得每次外出就虚掷浪费，也不必每次外出就酩酊大醉。实际上，你甚至都不用出去得那么频繁。你只要确保今年外出时，有那么一次疯狂的夜晚就行。说到疯狂夜晚，自然是指喝得醉醺醺、做点隔天绝对会后悔的事情。人人都需要时不时地来点故事吧。
4. Think.
三思。
Think before you spend. Think before you eat. Think before you tweet. Think before you drink. A problem with us 20-somethings is that we rarely think -- we just DO. We have (barely any) money, so we spend it. We hate saying no, so we constantly find ourselves eating poorly and drinking way too often. We are under pressure by Instagram and feel the need to add a filter to every single picture we take and then post it on all social media sites we use. We tweet whatever is on our mind. And we
post things on Facebook in the heat of the moment. This year, think before you do any of the above. Please.
花钱之前请三思，饕餮之前请三思，发碎碎念之前请三思，喝酒之前请三思。20多岁的问题就是——我们常常只做不想。我们哪怕只有一分钱也会花光；我们羞于拒绝，所以常常喝酒吃垃圾食品；我们跟风Instagram，拍点照片就迫不及待晒到各大社交媒体上；我们不经大脑就乱发碎碎念；我们还会在愤怒时把事情公布在Facebook上。今年，无论如何请在做这些事之前先想想清楚。
5. Cook something.
学做菜。
As a 20-something, you need to learn to cook. You should already know how to cook pasta and eggs -- and know how to use the oven. Now, spice up your pasta and eggs with new recipes... and of course learn what to do with meat, whether it's in a crock pot, the oven, the stove, or on a grill. Of course, microwavable meals are nice when you worked late or are just way too busy. But to be healthy, you must cook! I'm not saying turn into a chef... but look easy recipes up online. Cooking is really not that bad.
20多岁的你也需要学会做菜。你应该已经知道如何煮面条和鸡蛋，还知道怎么使用微波炉。现在，请尝试将面条和鸡蛋做得更有滋有味吧。还有，学会怎么烧肉——瓦罐肉、烘肉、炖肉或烧烤都成。当然，要是下班太晚或太忙，微波炉蒸肉也不错。可要想吃得健康，最好亲
自下厨！我不是要你成为大厨，但你可以在网上学会简单的菜谱。做菜真的没那么难。
6. Get rid of fake friends.
甩掉虚假的朋友。
And stop being fake yourself! You graduated college. You're in the real world. There's no need to keep pretending you like so-and-so just because they're friends with your friends and you feel you have to. But there's also no need to be mean to people. You're too old for that. Be cordial, but don't go out of your way to make a friendship happen that's just not going to happen. Focus that energy on new friendships with people you actually like. Don't exclude people, don't be cliquey, and ignore any drama that attempts to come your way. Do YOU and don't worry about anyone else. 你自己也别再装模作样了！你已经离开校园、进入现实社会了，没必要照顾朋友的面子而假装自己喜欢什么。但也不要对人刻薄，这不是你这个年纪该做的事。要热情友好，但也别过分强求不可能的友情。把精力放在结交志趣相投的新朋友上。不要排斥他人，不要搞小团体，别去理会企图刁难你的屁事。做好你自己，管别人怎样呢！
7. Buy something valuable.
买有质量的东西。
Whether it be a phone, a computer, a TV, a tablet, or a designer bag, treat yourself. Embrace your inner responsible adult by buying something you could never afford in college and then be responsible for that item. It will be good practice for having a child. Okay, not really, but whatever.
犒劳一下自己：手机、电脑、电视、平板电脑或名牌包包都行。买几样大学时买不起的物品来满足内心欲望，并好好保管这些物品。这可是对将来养小孩一个不错的练习哦！（开玩笑啦~）
8. Call friends and family.
联系亲朋好友。
No one calls people anymore. We just tweet, text, and... well that's about it since Facebook wall writing is now a thing of the past. We don't listen to people anymore, so our conversations are completely impersonal. When someone is being nice, we sometimes mistake them for being rude and of course never say anything because it's just a text. This year, take a few minutes every week (or couple of weeks) to call people. Of course face to face communication is ideal, but if you have to resort to something else and you really want to catch up with someone -- or keep up with someone -- give them a call.
很少有人打电话了。人们只会发碎碎念、发短信……好吧，自从有了Facebook，情况就变成了这样。人们不再倾听，交流也仅限于公事。要是有人示好，人们甚至会误以为对方粗俗并保持沉默，因为那只是
一条短信而已。今年，请每周（或每几周）抽几分钟时间给大家打个电话吧。自然，面对面交流最好不过了。如果你确实想联系某人但又有其他事情缠身，那就打个电话吧。
9. Relax.
放松。
Stop planning something for every second of every day and take a break. It's okay to sit on the couch and watch trashy TV once in a while. It's okay to go to bed early to catch up on sleep on a weekend night. It's okay to do absolutely nothing for an entire weekend once in a while. In fact, it's almost necessary at this point in our lives. Take a minute or two to sit down and not think every once in a while. You'll appreciate the lack of stress in your life a lot more than you did back in college.
停止把每天的每分每秒都安排得紧紧凑凑，休息一下吧。偶尔靠在沙发上看会垃圾电视没什么；周末晚上早点上床好好睡一觉没什么；难得整个周末啥事都不干也没什么。其实，这可以说是人生这个阶段必做的事情。偶尔花点时间坐下来放空自己。你会感谢这种远比大学时代轻松的时刻。
社交必学：工作聚会中万能谈话话题
难度：适中作者：沪江英语编译来源：businessinsider 收藏99 成百上千堂有趣有益的名师公开课等着你，马上注册参与吧！
中英双语英文中文
本文相关应用
贡献文章录音
贡献翻译稿
背单词
鼠标划词关闭划词
挑错
收藏
评论
打印
（图片来源华盖）
Unlike other work events, the holiday party is one that most people actually attend. It's an opportunity to meet new people, and gives you face-time with pretty much everyone in the company, from the CEO to the most recent hire. That means you'd be smart to show up prepared.
不像其他工作活动，节日聚会大多数人都会参加。这是一个认识新朋友的机会，也给你与公司里从首席执行官到新员工面对面的机会。这意味着你要聪明些，参加时需做好准备。
You're looking for shared interests, shared experiences, and really any
commonality you could use to strike up a conversation. Once you've done that, you'll be ready to use any of her favorite questions and talking points, which we've compiled below.
你在寻找共同的兴趣、经历，以及任何能用来打开话头的共同点。一旦你找到了，你将可以选任何她喜欢和想谈论的问题，这些问题我们已经写在下面了。
Conversation Starters for Company Leaders
和公司领导聊的话题
1. I read that you went to...
1. 我看到你去了……
Your go-to conversation starter should be something that demonstrates your interest in the person you're talking to. Plenty of things can work. "I read a report that you contributed to" or "I read a blog that you wrote." Both are flattering and open-ended, likely to generate a conversation rather than a simple yes or no response.
你起头的话题应该能表现出你对谈话人感兴趣。很多事情都可以说。“我读了一份你参与撰写的报告”或“我读了你写的博客”。都是夸奖和开放式的话题，很可能会聊得开，而不是简单回答“是”或“不是”。
2. How did you get into the industry?
2. 你是怎么进入这个行业的？
A favorite topic is how they got where they are today. Because of that, this question is particularly good for striking up a conversation with the CEO or another high-level company member. People enjoy talking about themselves, and they enjoy reminiscing about what brought them to the work in the first place.
一个很不错的话题是问对方如何达到了今天的成就。正因如此，这个问题特别适合问首席执行官或公司高层。人们喜欢谈论自己，他们也喜欢追忆是什么让他们最初选择了这份工作。
3. What's one of your goals for 2014?
3. 2014年你有什么目标？
Another talking point with the CEO and top execs is goals for the upcoming year. Asking this will help you understand what's most important to the company and its leaders on a more personal level. Plus, once you know them, you can think about how to align your own goals with theirs.
另一个与首席执行官和高层谈论的的话题是新年目标。这将帮助你在个人层面上更了解什么对公司及其领导人最重要。另外，一旦你了解他们，你可以考虑如何把自己的目标和他们的联系起来。
4. What was the best piece of advice that you got early on in your career?
4. 在你职业生涯早期得到的最好的经验是什么？
This query is a bit cliche, but says it's still an effective way of connecting with higher-ups. You can ask for advice, insight, wisdom. All of these will come off as flattering to the recipient.
这个问题有些老套，但它仍然是一个与上级沟通的有效方式。你可以寻求建议、见解和智慧。所有这些都是在夸奖对方。
Conversation Starters for Anyone
和所有人聊的话题
5. What's one of your favorite parts of this job?
5. 这份工作让你最喜欢的部分是什么？
This is a good conversation starter for anyone in the office. It's about work, but also personal enough to generate a real discussion of things people like and value. And you might find that you care about the same things as the person you're talking with.
这个话题和办公室里任何人都聊得起来。它和工作有关，但足以私人到真正讨论人们喜欢和重视的东西。而且你可能会发现你和对方都关心同样的事情。
6. Have you seen any movies? What have you read lately?
6. 你看过什么电影？你最近读过什么书？
The best part about these questions is that they create endless follow-up questions. For example, if your coworker recently saw "Captain Phillips" you can ask what he thought of it. If you've seen it too, you can have an entire discussion of it.
这些问题最棒的部分在于它们产生了无尽的延伸话题。例如，如果你的同事最近看了《菲利普斯船长》，你可以问他有什么评价。如果你也看了，你们可以全面讨论下。
7. Did you take a vacation this year? Where did you go?
7. 你今年去度假了吗？去了哪里？
If you're looking for a friendly topic that anyone would enjoy, vacation is it. Everyone loves to talk about time off. It doesn't matter if they traveled or stayed home —asking about vacation will help you learn what your coworkers enjoy doing and how they unwind away from the office.
如果你正在找一个人人都喜欢的友好话题，那就是度假了。每个人都喜欢谈论工作以外的时间。不管他们是旅游或呆在家里——问旅游的情况将帮助你了解你的同事喜欢做什么以及他们离开办公室后是如何放松的。
高考英语改革拟一年多考（中英文对照）
The English test will be removed from China’s college entrance exam by
2020, according to details of exam and admission reform revealed by the Ministry of Education. The national college entrance exam, known as the "Gaokao" has been used to evaluate Chinese students for three decades. The Ministry of Education has worked out a plan for reforming exams and enrollment. The Ministry will solicit public opinions before its release.
从中国教育部披露的关于高考考试及录取的细节来看，英语考试将在2020年前退出中国的大学入学考试。全国高等教育入学考试即“高考”，作为用于考量中国学生的工具，这一制度已实施了30年。中国教育部在近期披露了高考考试和招生计划的改革方案，在其正式发布之前，将会征求群众的意见。
Instead, tests will be held several times a year to allow students to choose when and how often they sit the exam so as to alleviate study pressure and change China’s once-in-a-lifetime exam system.
取而代之的是“一年多考”——学生可以自己选择何时考、考几次，从而减轻学生的学习压力并改变中国“一考定终身”的考试制度。The plan and suggestions for its implementation will be announced in the first half of next year. It will be piloted in selected provinces and cities and promoted nationwide from 2017. A new exam and admission system will be established by 2020, according to the eduction ministry.
关于高考改革实施的计划与建议将在明年上半年公布。高考改革将在选定省市进行试点改革，并于2017年在全国范围推广。同时，中国
教育部也称其将在2020年建立新的考试和招生制度。
The decision has aroused a heated discussion among Shanghai educators and parents who doubted the reform would reduce the burden of learning English or if the substitute test could reflect a student’s English skills and help students learn English better.
教育部的这一决定在上海的教育工作者和家长中引起了热议。他们认为改革并不会减轻学习英语的负担；对于取代高考英语的考试是否能反映出学生的英语技能、帮助学生更好地学习英语，他们也表示怀疑。“The reform shows China is learning from the West to give students more test-taking chances. But more chances might become more of a burden since Chinese students are likely to repeat the test until they get the highest score,”said Cai Jigang, a professor at Fudan University’s College of Foreign Languages and Literature and chairman of the Shanghai Advisory Committee for College English Teaching at Tertiary Level.
“改革说明中国正在向西方学习，让学生有更多的应试机会。但更多的机会也可能会变成更重的负担，因为中国学生很可能会不断地刷分，直到能考到最高分为止，“复旦大学外国语言文学学院教授、上海高校大学英语教学指导委员会主任委员蔡基刚说。
Yu Lizhong, chancellor of New York University Shanghai, where classes are in English and students are required to have a high standard of English, said the most important aspect of the reform lay in what to test
and how to test.
上海纽约大学校长俞立中表示，改革最重要的方面在于考什么、怎么考。在上海纽约大学，所有课程均用英语授课，学生都需要具备较高的英语水平。
“As far as I see, the reform doesn’t mean English is no longer important for Chinese students after it will be excluded from the unified college entrance exam,”Yu said. “In a way, English is even more important than before since the test would only serve as reference, while every college and university, even every major, can have different requirements of a student’s English skills under a diverse evaluation system.”
“依我看，对于中国学生来说，英语考试将从全国大学入学统考中退出，这项改革并不意味着英语已经不再重要，”俞校长说。“在某种程度上，英语甚至比以前更为重要，因为考试只能作为参考依据。而每个大学和学院甚至每个专业，都可以根据不同的评价体系，对学生的英语能力作出不同的要求。”
Yu said some students will have their study pressure reduced if the major they choose doesn’t need excellent English while others still need to study hard if they want to be among the best students.
俞校长称，如果一些学生所选的专业并不需要优秀的英语，那么这将减轻他们的学习压力；而对于其他一些学生来说，如果想名列前茅，他们仍需要努力学习英语。
The eduction ministry said the reform would not affect students attending the college entrance exam over the next three years.
教育部表示，在未来三年里改革并不会影响学生参加高考。
中国的城市化难题：交通拥堵
China's Urban Nightmare: Gridlock
To understand true gridlock -- and a huge challenge for China's leaders as they try to move residents from the countryside into cities -- take a look at Wuhan. Agence France-Presse / Getty Images
在中国领导人试图使农村居民移居至城市之际，交通拥堵是他们面临的一个巨大挑战。而要想了解什么是真正的交通拥堵，那就来看一看武汉。
This inland Chinese city of more than eight million people, famous for its hot weather and spicy noodles, has a traffic problem. A 2011 study by investment bank UBS shows cars chug through the city at an average of 12.7 miles an hour, slower than in New York and Tokyo. 这座拥有800多万人口的中国内陆城市以高温天气和热干面著称，目前正面临交通拥堵问题。瑞士银行(UBS) 2011年发布的一份研究报告显示，在武汉，汽车平均行驶速度为每小时20.4公里，比纽约和东京还慢。
Huang Liang, a dance teacher, recalled a scorching day this past summer when his car moved just over a mile in 3 1/2 hours as work on a new elevated highway brought street-level traffic to a standstill. Frustrated and out of gas, Mr. Huang abandoned his car curbside and hitched a ride home from a friend. 舞蹈老师黄亮回忆起去年夏季酷热的一天，当时他的车在三个半小时内只行进了1.6公里，因为一个高架公路建设项目导致街道交通陷入瘫痪。黄亮当时沮丧不已，车也没油了，他不得不把车停在路边，搭朋友的便车才得以回家。
'Sitting in the car was like being in a sauna,' he said. 他说：“坐在车里就像在洗桑拿。”
Traffic congestion is one of the biggest headaches for China's new leaders who are banking on an urbanization strategy to help drive economic growth. 交通拥堵是中国新一届领导人面临的最棘手的问题之一。他们正指望依靠城镇化战略帮助推动经济增长。
In Wuhan, the government is in the midst of a subway-building frenzy -- constructing nine subway lines at the same time. The city is also busy building elevated highways and ring roads. 武汉政府正热衷于修建地铁，同时在建的地铁线路有九条。另外，这座城市还在忙着修建高架公路和环形公路。
Yet congestion persists. 然而拥堵状况丝毫未减。
To try to fix the problem, about two years ago Wuhan became the first Chinese city to charge electronic tolls to reach its bustling downtown area, joining more-global cities such as London and Singapore. 为了解决这一问题，大概两年前武汉成为中国首个采用电子收费系统的城市，加入到伦敦、新加坡等国际化都市的行列。
But that move is also unpopular with some drivers who say the tolls are expensive and ineffective, and illustrates the thorny questions China faces as it tries to get more of its people to move to cities. 但有些司机并不欢迎这一举措，他们说，收费高了，而且没有效果。这显示出中国在尝试推进城市化之际所面临的棘手问题。
The system 'has done little to reduce traffic volume as there is a huge demand from commuters,' said Efan Kang, a financial-industry worker. 从事金融行业的康亦帆说，因为通勤的需求实在太大了，所以这个电子收费系统基本没有起到分流的作用。
Experts say for toll systems to be effective, commuters need to have viable alternatives such as a robust public-transportation system,
something that Wuhan is still in the process of building. 专家们说，要想使电子收费系统发挥效力，需要让通勤者有可行的替代出行方式，比如发达的公共交通系统，而目前武汉仍处在建设公交系统的过程中。
China's top leaders last month reaffirmed their intention to bring hundreds of millions of rural dwellers to cities to empower a Chinese consumer class that can help the economy ease its reliance on exports and big government spending. 中国的高层领导人上个月重申，计划使数亿农村居民移居至城市，进而提升他们的消费能力，以帮助经济减少对出口和政府高支出的依赖。
But many people already living in cities fear China's massive rural population -- which makes up nearly half of the country's 1.3 billion total population -- will strain schools and hospitals and rev up competition for services. 但很多已经住在城市的人担心，中国大量农村人口会让学校和医院人满为患，让各项服务的竞争越来越激烈。中国目前人口总数为13亿，其中近一半为农村人口。
Congestion is part of that equation. In a 2011 survey from International Business Machines Corp. on the emotional and economic toll of commuting, Beijing and the southern boomtown of Shenzhen were second only to Mexico City in terms of commuter misery. 拥堵只是问
题的一部分。国际商业机器公司(IBM) 2011年对通勤的心理影响和经济影响进行的一次调查显示，在通勤者的痛苦程度方面，北京和深圳仅次于墨西哥城。
To grapple with congestion and with pollution -- another drawback to growth -- Beijing said last month it would slash the quota of license plates it gives out to 150,000 a year from 240,000. Lanzhou, a city in China's northwestern Gansu province, said recently it would ban cars on alternate days depending on whether the license plate numbers end with an even or odd number until mid-January. According to the Wuhan government, more than 1.45 million motor vehicles were registered in the city as of July. In the past five years, the city has seen a more than 20% annual increase in automobile registrations. 为了应对拥堵和污染（增长的另一个弊端），北京上月说将减少小客车指标配置总量，从每年24万个减少至15万个。兰州市不久前说，在中心城区启动单双号限行措施，至2014年1月10日结束。武汉市政府说，截至去年7月份，武汉机动车保有量已达到145万辆，在过去的五年间，该市机动车保有量每年增加超过20%。
Meanwhile, the length of roads increased only slightly, to about 8,000 miles at the end of 2011 compared with about 7,830 miles at the end of 2010. 与此同时，武汉市公路总里程只微幅上涨，在2011年底达到
冰心《谈生命》阅读答案谈生命冰心阅 读答案 （十七）四川达州阅读冰心《谈生命》（节选），完成6—11题。（14分） 我不敢说生命是什么，我只能说生命像什么。 生命像向东流的一江春水，他从最高处发源，聚集起许多细流，合成一股有力的洪涛，穿危岩，破险阻，曲折迂回，奔流入海……（有删改） 生命又像一棵小树，他从地底聚集起许多生力，在冰雪下欠伸，在早春润湿的泥土中，勇敢快乐地破壳而来，他也许长在平 原上，岸石上，城墙上，只要他抬头看见了天，呵！看见了天！他便伸出嫩叶来吸收空气，承受日光，在雨中吟唱，在风中跳 舞。他也许受着大树的荫遮，也许受着大树的覆压，而他青春生长的力量，终使他穿枝拂叶地挣脱了出来，在烈日下挺立抬头 ！他遇着骄阳的春天，他也许开出满树的繁花，蜂蝶围绕着他飘翔喧闹，小鸟在他枝头欣赏唱歌，他听见黄莺清吟，杜鹃啼血 ，也许还听见枭枭的怪鸣。他长到最茂盛的中年，他伸出他如盖的浓阴，来荫庇树下的幽花芳草，他结出累累的果实，来呈现 大地无尽的甜美与芳馨。秋风起了，将他叶子，由浓绿吹到绯红，秋阳下他另有一番的庄严灿烂，不是开花的骄傲，也不是结 果的快乐，而是成功后的宁静和怡悦！终于有一天，冬天的朔风，把他黄叶干枝，卷落吹抖，他无力地在空中旋舞，在根下呻 吟，大地庄严地伸出臂儿来接引他，他一声不响地落在她的怀里。他消融了，归化了，他说不上快乐，也没有悲哀！也许有一 天，他再从地下的果仁中，破裂了出来，又长成一棵小树，再穿过丛莽的严遮，再来听黄莺的歌唱，然而我不敢说来生，也不 宇宙是一个大生命，我们是宇宙大气中之一息。江流入海，叶落归根，我们是大生命中之一叶，大生命之一滴。在宇宙的大 生命中，我们是多么卑微，多么渺小，而一滴一叶的活动生长合成了整个宇宙的进化运行。要记住：不是每一道江流都能入海 ，不流动的便成了死湖。不是第一粒种子都能成树，不生长的便成了空壳！生命中不是永远快乐，也不是永远痛苦，快乐和痛
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：（报名网址） 【阅读练习】 Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems —both legal and educational —for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers. Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis, But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway”youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education. 1. It is implied in the first paragraph that ____. A) the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties B) many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities C) there is a serious shortage of academic facilities D) homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education 2. The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____. A) 350,000 B) 1,500,000 C) 440,000 D) 110,000 3. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____. A) the homeless children are too young to be counted as children B) the homeless population is growing rapidly
第一篇 Climate change has claimed its latest victim：Limacina helicina，a planktonic，predatory(捕食的)sea snail that’s a member of the taxonomic group more(36)__________ known as sea butterflies．(The name is(37)__________ from the wing-like lobes(叶瓣)the tiny creatures use to get around．)In a study(38)__________ published in joumal Proceedings of the Royal Society B，a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and Oregon State University have fo und that the Pacific Ocean’s dec reasing pH—its acidifying(酸化)，in other words-is dissolving L．helicina’s thin shells． The researchers collected sea butterfly(39)__________ from 13 sites along the Pacific coast(between Washington and southern California，going over each with a scanning electron microscope．More than half of the shells(53％)from onshore individuals(40)__________ signs of “severe dissolution damage，”while 24％of(41) __________ individuals suffered dissolution damage．The study’s(42)__________ investigator, Dr. Nina Bednarsek of NOAA，described the affected L．helicina shells as having a texture not unlike “cauliflower” or “sandpaper．” According to the paper，there was a “strong positive(43)__________ ”between the proportion of sea butterflies with severe shell dissolution damage and “the percentage of undersaturated(未达到饱和的)water ”near the ocean’s surface．The researchers conclude “shell dissolution owing to(human．caused ocean(44)_________has doubled in near shore habitats since pre．industrial conditions across this region and is on track to triple by 2050，”a truly(45)__________ prediction．Moreover, the broader implications for ecosystem are unclear, as damaged shells make it harder for L．helicina to fight infections，stay buoyant，and protect themselves from predators． A. showed B. recently C. protected D. commonly E. derived F. samples G. offshore H. principal I. noticed J. correlation K. encouraging L. seaward M. acidification N. grim O. pollution
Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position. Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious. The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim. 1. The passage is mainly about____. A) the uses of life preservers B) the design of life preservers C) the materials for life preservers D) the buoyancy of life preservers 2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____. A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting 3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____. A) with as few strings as possible B) capable of being worn on both sides C) according to each wearer's size D) comfortable and light to wear 4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____. A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver C) who uses a life preserver without permission D) who becomes nervous before a disaster 5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position? A) The waves would move him backwards.
《谈生命》教学设计 教学目标 [知识与技能] 1、把握文章脉络，理解文章主旨。 2、体会文中比喻修辞的巧妙运用，激发学生的联想和想像，训练学生的形象思维；感受文中鲜活的形象，揣摩文中的哲理性思考，训练学生的理性思维、提炼概括的能力。 3、注重朗读和背诵。本文以典范优美的现代白话写成，注入了感情，写出了气势，很适合朗读。此外，结合朗读和揣摩文意来学习语言。本文语言既有形象的描写，又有哲理的陈述，句式变化多样，可以让学生熟读和背诵一些精彩句段。在朗读和背诵的同时，对文中一些语句进行仿写、扩写。 [情感、态度与价值观] 理解作者含蓄而深沉的感情，培养学生积极、乐观的人生态度、加强生命体验，丰富人文素养。课文描述了生命的现象和规律，表现出积极进取的人生态度。教学时应引导学生对生命现象和规律进行思考，并感受和借鉴这种人生态度，进行人生观、价值观教育。 [教学重点与难点] 1、理解文中最能表达作者人生感悟的句子，领会文章主旨。 2、把握文章层次划分，正确理解文意。 课时安排 2课时 教学过程和方法 一、导入： 地球养育着无数生命，但置身于生机勃勃的大千世界中，你常常感觉不到他的不平凡，更感觉不到生命这朴实的形式下面蕴藏着多么丰富的哲理。现在，我们就来看一看世纪老人冰心是怎样以散文的形式揭示这一人生哲理的。 二、解题：作者： 冰心，原名谢婉莹，现代著名作家、儿童文学家。1900年10月5日生于福建福州长乐。童年是在山东烟台海边度过的。大海以它奇幻多彩的晨昏朝夕，孕育了她丰富的想像，陶冶了她诗人的气质。在海边孤寂的童年生活中，冰心7岁就开始阅读《三国演义》《聊斋志异》《西游记》《水浒传》和林纾翻译的《说部丛书》。1913年全家迁至北京。五四运动爆发时，她是预科一年级学生，满腔热情地投入青年爱国运动。为了扩大宣传效果，她开始在北京《晨报》发表《21日听审的感想》等鼓吹爱国学生运动的时评，署名谢婉莹。从1919年9月起，以冰心这一笔名写了许多问题小说，引起了较为强烈的社会反响。1921年，在理预科毕业后，就考入文本科，写出了为文坛瞩目的短诗集《繁星》和《春水》，造成了所谓“小诗的流行的时代”，当时有人将此类短诗称为“春水体”。冰心的诗歌风格含蓄、温婉、隽美。1923年，冰心出版了小说集《超人》，诗集《繁星》《春水》。同年她毕业于燕京大学，于1923年8月赴美留学。这时期的作品中更热衷于以宣扬母爱、自然、童心为内容的“爱的哲学”，代表作有《悟》《寄小读者》等。1926年冰心得文学硕士学位后返国，先后任教于燕京大学、清华大学和女子文理学院。其时，北伐战争的革命风暴使她感到超阶级的“爱的哲学”的虚幻；日寇入侵的炮火将她那个能“融化消灭”世间烦愁的“家”也拆散了。冰心的思想有所变化，写出了《分》《冬儿姑娘》等作品，对劳动者的苦难生活寄予深切的同情。 三、课文解析：
2017年6月大学英语四级阅读理解经 典模拟试题五 * 英语四级阅读模拟试题 There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you. Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s
2014年12月英语四级真题及答案 Part I Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the foll owing topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 作文题一：印象最深的活动 AA campus activity that has benefited most. 作文题二：印象最深的课程 A course that has impressed you most in college. 作文题三:印象最深的同学 A classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college． Part II Listening Section A Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 lon g conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will b e asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)，and decide wh ich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre. 1. A.The man is not good at balancing his budget. B.She will go purchase the gift herself. C.The gift should not be too expensive. D.They are gonging to Jane's house-warming party. 2. A.He is quite willing to give the woman a hand. B.It takes patience to go through the statistics. C.He has prepared the statistics for the woman. D.The woman should take a course in statistics. 3. A.Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts. B.They cannot begin their recording right away. C.The woman does not take the recording seriously. D.The man wants to make some changes in the scripts.
《谈生命》 学情分析： 初三学生，已经具有一定的阅读分析思维能力，对生活、人生也会有一定的独特体验，因此，可针对课文内容，充分引导学生感受、揣摩文章哲理，激起思想共鸣，以训练其理性思维、提炼概括能力。 教学目标： 1、朗诵课文，理清文章脉络，理解文章主旨。 2、领会文章象征手法的运用，体会文章用形象的比喻表达深刻思想内容的写作方法。 3、体会作者在文中表达的含蓄深沉的感情，深刻理解人生意义。 教学重点： 1、有感情朗读课文，体会作者在文中表达的情感。 2、深入体悟、理解课文内容。 教学难点： 引导学生深入教学情境及对文章思想内容的深入理解。 教学手段、方法： 1、多媒体教学课件贯穿教学始终，充分发挥其强大感官冲击作用； 2、创设情境，以优美的教学语言感染学生，引领学生深入对课文内容的理解； 3、引导学生采用合作学习、探究学习的方式，训练学生的理性思维能力。 教学过程：
一、导入新课。（联系现实，紧扣课文内容，抓住学生心理，激情导入，激起学习兴趣。） 现实生活中，经常听到有人说：“生活太乏味了，没意思。”等等之类的话，是的，世事的喧嚣、生活节奏的加快，的确让人的神经疲惫，但我们究竟应该以怎样的态度对待生活，面对人生，可能大多数人都没有想过。今天，让我们倾听冰心老人对生命的畅谈，充分体悟生命的意义。 二、明确教学目标（明确目标，使学生有目的地进行学习，以求获得最佳学习效果） 1、朗诵课文，理清文章脉络，理解文章主旨。 2、领会文章象征手法的运用，体会文章用形象的比喻表达深刻思想内容的写作方法。 3、体会作者在文中表达的含蓄深沉的感情，深刻理解人生意义。 三、请一位同学介绍自己所了解的冰心的情况。（课外查找、积累） 四、听课文朗读录音，整体感知文章内容。 五、学生有感情地朗读课文，具体感受课文内容（学生读课文，具体感受内容，便于深入理解课文，把握重点。） 提醒学生朗读中思考问题，注意关键性的语句。 六、研习课文内容（此环节为教学主要步骤，引导学生根据问题在朗读中体会、赏析课文内容） 1、作者是如何来谈生命的？作者为什么把生命比作“水”，比作“树”？
英语四级阅读理解模拟试题含答案 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级阅读理解模拟试题含答案》的内容，具体内容：英语四级阅读理解的备考，最重要的是做模拟试题，今天，我准备了英语四级阅读理解模拟试题，以供考生练习。英语四级阅读理解模拟试题：【原文】Flying over a des...英语四级阅读理解的备考，最重要的是做模拟试题，今天，我准备了英语四级阅读理解模拟试题，以供考生练习。 英语四级阅读理解模拟试题：【原文】 Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. After an hours 11 one of the scientists wrote in his book, "Look here for 12 metal. " Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain region, sent a 13 to other scientists on the ground, "Gold possible. " Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, "This ground should be searched for metals. " From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word, "Uranium. " None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no 14 powers for looking down below the earths surface. They were 15 putting to use one of the newest methods of 16 minerals in the ground—using trees and plants as 17 that certain minerals may
2019 大学英语四级听力考试全真模拟题(3) Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. [A] Diet. [B]Weight control. [C]Aerobic exercise. [D]Eating habits and exercise. 33. [A] Nuts. [B]Sugar. [C]Vegetable oil. [D]Dairy products. 34. [A] Forty or fifty minutes of exercise once a week. [B]Twenty or thirty minutes of exercise every day. [C]Fifteen or twenty minutes of exercise five days a week. [D]Thirty or forty minutes of exercise three or four days a week. [B]Indirect fat. [C]Body fluid. [D]Fat.
Section C Today, students who want to learn English in the US have a wide choice of courses and institutions to (36)______from. And, because the US is such a big country, they also have a huge (37) ______of locations in which to study. The US has a long (38) ______of teaching English because, (39) ______its history, the country has welcomed (40) ______from all over the world, most of whom have needed to learn English. Today, the US ’s English language teaching sector is well developed and its teachers are highly qualified and (41) ______American universities and colleges welcome many thousands of (42) ______students each year, who (43) ______on degree or post graduate courses. (44) ___________________________________________. These courses are called Intensive English Language Progmp3s and (45) ________________________. In addition to language tuition, Intensive English Language Progmp3s give students (46) ____________________________________________. 答案及解析： Section C 36.【解析】 choose。根据本空前的动词不定式小品词 to 及空后的介词 from 可知，本空中应填一原形动词。所填词与from 构成固定搭配，并且是名词choice 的同根词复现。 37.【解析】 variety 。a (considerable, great, wide)variety of 为习惯用语，表示“各种各样的 , 种类繁多的”。 38.【解析】 tradition 。从空格前的 a long 和空格后的介词 of 能够推断此处应填一名词。空后的 history 对所填词起一定的提示作 用。
2014年12月英语四级阅读练习及答案Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this passage, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. How to Buy a Used Car Nearly everybody buys a used car sooner or later, as a primary vehicle or as a second car. Indeed, three out of four sales today are used cars, and they're not cheap junkers either—the average price now is $ 5500, about half what a new car costs. Make the wrong selection and a major investment can be lost the moment you drive off the lot. There is far less chance of this happening to you if you know: when to buy, where to buy, how to examine the car, how to conduct your own road test, and how to bargain over the price. When to buy Shop during the day. Lighting makes cars gleam like jewels at night. In daylight they look dull, but realistic.
冰心谈生命读后感范文5篇 谈生命一文是作者对生命文学性的描述。把生命分别比作向东流的一江春水和一颗小树，比喻人生的不同境遇和人生的不同阶段，表现了生命不可阻挡的力量和生命的价值。一起来看看为大家精心整理的“冰心谈生命读后感范文”，欢迎大家阅读，供大家参考。 冰心谈生命读后感篇一 快乐固然兴奋，苦痛又何尝不美丽？这句出自作家冰心的《谈生命》。这是一篇生命的*，描绘了生命的一切，它的意义，它的作用，它的美好，以及使用它的方法，都用诗一般的语言表达得淋漓尽致。 我不敢说生命是什么，我只能说生命像什么？谁也不知道真正的生命是什么，谁也不能够了解真正的生命，即使一个长期研究生命的人也不知道。生命像向东流的一江春水，而一路上经历力的坎坷风雨，就是生命道路上的阻碍，看似巨大可怕，却可以用不懈的努力，换来久违的成功。在困难之后，便是一段浪漫的行程，风平浪静，可以欣赏两岸美丽的桃花，可以慢慢地流淌过细细的平沙。但即使在这时也不能松懈，这只是一时的甜果，它的背后是更大的难关……经过千锤万打，终于来到了它最终的归
宿——辽阔的大海。一切都结束了，江水慢慢地融合进大海……可是还有可能，随着再来的清风，再次去欣赏着、接受着一切，但再也不是原来的它了，因为已经结束过了一次…… 然而我不敢说来生，也不敢信来生！一旦选择了开始，就不可能停止，更不可能走回头路。生命又像一棵小树，需要努力自己吸收足够的养分，才能茁壮生长。春天，它在年轻的时段，辛勤开出的花朵发出芳香，为他带来了快乐；夏天，它在中年的时段，努力伸开的枝叶带来阴凉，为它带来了欢乐；秋天，它在黄金的时段，奋力结出的果实展现甜美，为它带来了喜悦……它走到了路程的末端，无力地飘落，终于来到了归宿——辽阔的大地。结束了，落叶慢慢地融合进大地……可是还有可能，随着再来的春天，再次去经历着、享受着一切，但再也不是原来的它了，因为已经结束过了一次…… 我们在宇宙中，没有努力，一切都没有可能。经历的苦痛，永远比幸福更好，因为，他们能让我们成长，能够与迎接更大的困难。 这样一首生命之诗，赞扬了生命的美好，夸赞了生命的历程。生命，就如这一切。 冰心谈生命读后感篇二
大学英语四级阅读理解模拟题 The most frightening words in the English language are, "Our computer is down. " You hear it more and more when you are on business. The other day I was at the airport waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said, "I' m sorry, I can' t sell you a ticket. Our computer is down. " "If your computer is down, just write me out a ticket. " "I can' t write you out a ticket. The computer is the only one allowed to do so. " I looked down on the computer and every passenger .was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen. Then I asked her, "What do all you people do?" "We give the computer the information about your trip, and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not. " "So when it goes down, you go down with it. " "That' s good, sir. " "How long will the computer be down?" I wanted to know. "I have no idea. Sometimes it' s down for 10 minutes, sometimes for two hours. There' s no way we can find out without asking the computer, and since it' s down it won' t answer us. "