Making Correct and Effective Sentences
相当一部分学生一提到用英文写作，就惊恐万分，不知所措。他们不知如何下笔，从何写起，怎样组织。有些考生勉强写了个开头，便思路堵塞，中途搁笔。甚至还有不少考生干脆不用英文写作，而是先想好中文的句子，然后逐句翻译成英文，凑成一篇中文味很浓的英语短文, 即我们称之为的"Chinglish"。
其实，英文写作并不像他们想象得那样高不可攀。只要我们一入学就注重打牢语言基本功，潜心学习英文写作的一些基本要求和方法技巧，经过一定时期的训练，完全能够写出符合四级考试大纲要求的高质量的短文。
我们知道，文章是由各个段落组成的，而段落则是由一个个句子组成的。句子是一个在语法上可以独立运用、能够表达完整意思的基本语言单位。要想写出高质量的文章，必须首先从学会写句子入手。
一、句子的基本概念
学习写句子之前，首先要在概念上弄清楚英文句子的基本句型和句子种类。
１、五种基本句型
英文句子的直接成分是主语和谓语，构成主语的名词词组在结构上比较单一，而构成谓语的动词词组在结构上却多种多样，它们可以由单独一个动词独立构成，也可以是带有宾语或补语的动词。谓语动词的类别决定着不同的谓语结构，而不同的谓语结构又决定着不同的句型。英语的基本句型主要有五种：
1) S+V (主语+谓语动词)
例如: |The telephone| |rang|.
S V
|The train| |will soon be arriving|.
S V
（此类句型也称为"主谓"结构。）
2) S+V+P (主语+谓语动词+表语)
例如: |Mr. Brown| |is| |a detective|.
S V P
|Her plan| |sounds| |perfect|.
S V P
（此类句型也称为"系表"结构。）
3) S+V+O (主语+谓语动词+宾语)
例如: |She| |opened| |the windows|.
S V O
|I| |have been looking for| |my lost bicycle|.
S V O
（此类句型也称为"动宾"结构。）
4) S+V+Oi+Od (主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)
例如: |She| |sent| |him| |a telegram|.
S V Oi Od
|Mrs.Blake| |bought| |her husband| |a tie|.
S V Oi Od
（此类句型也称为"双宾语"结构。）
5) S+V+O+C (主语+谓语动词+宾语+补语)
例如: |The jury| |finds| |him| |guilty|.
S V O C
|They| |have elected| |her| |president|.
S V O C
（此类句型也称为"复合宾语"结构。）
注：英文句子中还有一种表示"存在"的"There+be+S"结构。例如：There is a map on the wall.
There seems to be no doubt about it.
（此类句型也称为"带引导词there "结构。）
２、两大句子种类
句子按其语法功能和交际功能可以分为两大类:
Ａ：按其语法功能分类的句子有三种：
1) 简单句：只包含一个主谓结构的句子。例如：
He died.
Jane didn't come to my birthday party.
2) 并列句: 用并列连词把两个或两个以上简单句连接在一起的句子。例如：
John will sing in the party and Mary will dance.
I want to go with you, but I'm not a member of the club.
常见的并列连词有: and, or, but, both...and, either...or,neither. ..nor, not only...but (also), as well as, more than;
3) 复合句：用从属连词等连接主句和从句的句子。例如：
Jane and Susan were great friends when they were at school.
What impressed us most was his skill and knowledge.
常见的从属连词有: after, although, as, because, before,if,?lest, once, since, that, till, until, when, where, whereby, whereupon, whether, while;
关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that 和关系副词when, where,? why, how 等也可以担任从属连词;
一些搭配也可以担任从属连词, 例如: as far as, as if, as long as,?as soon as, as though, except that, for all that, for fear that, in case, in order that, in that, no matter who (how/when/where), now (that), on condition that,?provided that, providing that,? so far as, so long as, so that, the moment (minute/instant) that 等等。
Ｂ：按其交际功能分类的句子有四种:
1) 陈述句：用以表明观点或者陈述事实。例如：
He is to blame for the accident.
I usually don't go to work on Saturday.
2) 疑问句：用以提出问题，主要包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。例如：
Is Tom a clerk?
When did the bus leave?
Are you working in a factory or on a farm?
You all had a good time, didn't you?
3) 祈使句：用以发出命令，提出要求或建议。例如：
Be sure to get there before six.
Let's start right now!
4) 感叹句：用以表达某种强烈的感情。例如：
How interesting!
What a nice boy he is!
Exercise 1: 根据谓语结构, 指出下列句子属于哪一种句型:
1. He finished in two days.
2. She dressed her children every morning.
3. The meeting will soon be over.
4. This smells really delicious.
5. Sam didn't understand what she was talking about.
6. We gave our classroom a thourough cleaning.
7. I paid him $300 for that second hand car.
8. There won't be any more trouble from now on.
9. We persuaded him to accept our plan.
10. They found the town unchanged.
Exercise 2: 说出下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句？
1.I haven't got the book at hand but I'll take it to you later.
2.I don't think he did it on purpose.
3.The earth has only one satellite and we call it the moon.
4.Making people feel comfortable enough to talk freely is a real art.
5.The microscope makes objects appear many times larger than they really are.
二、写好句子的基本要求
１、句子的结构要正确
由于语言的基本功不够扎实、缺乏英文写作的基本知识、以及对英、汉两种语言的差别不甚了解，中国学生在英文写作中经常出现一些语言错误，造成写出的句子意思含糊不清，令人费解，严重影响信息的交流。要写出句子结构正确的句子，中国学生应当着重避免犯以下几个方面的错误。
１）语法错误
语法错误主要集中在时态、语态、非谓语动词、主谓语人称和数不一致等方面。
病句１：We'll go out for a picnic if it will not rain tomorrow.
本句的从句里有一个明显的时态错误。根据语法：在表示时间的条件句中，习惯上用一般时态代替将来时态。因此,?尽管本句的条件从句中有一个表示将来的时间状语"tomorrow"，但是该从句的谓语动词也不需要用助动词"will"，用一般现在时就可以了。?此句应改为：We'll?go out for a picnic if it ?does ?not rain tomorrow.
病句２：He was made carry heavy load every day.
此句的错误原因是由于考生对被动语态的运用规则掌握得不够
完整。语法规定：当诸如"let, make,"等动词用在主动语态的句式中, 作其宾语补语的动词不定式符号"to"应省略；但是当这类动词用作被动语态的谓语动词时, 作其补语的动词不定式的符号"to?"则不能省略。?所以，?该句应改为：He was made to carryheavy?load every day.????
病句３：Being?short?of?experience,?his?chances?of?winning?the?game are slim.
根据语法，分词结构作状语时，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。在本句中，分词结构"Being?short?of?experience?"的逻辑主语应该是主句的主语"his?chances?ofwinning the?game?"，但是这样在意思上就说不通了, his chances of winning thegame 怎么能(are) short of experience 呢? 考生只想到用一个分词结构来表示原因, 却忽略了逻辑主语的一致, 故此犯了一个语法错误。根据本句的意思，全句应该改为：Being short of experience, he?has little chance of winning?the game.
病句４：Not only us but also the chairman object the suggestion.
当使用"not only...but also"的句型时，通常强调的是"but also?"引
出的部分，因此要求其谓语动词的人称、数要与它相一致。病句４中的谓语动词却忽视了这一点:the chairman 是第三人称单数，其谓语动词应该加"s"，即：Not only?usbut also the chairman objects the suggestion.
病句５：Every family has their own problems.
本句的错误是人称的指代前后不一。英语的"family"是一个集体名词，既可以表示一个抽象的"家"的概念（谓语用第三人称单数），也可以指家庭的全体成员（复数概念）。此句的谓语动词既然用了"has",则把"family"作为一个整体来对待,后面的代词就不能用"their?", 而
应该用"its?"，即作为第三人称单数看待。全句应改写成：Every family has its own problems.
２）不符合英文习惯
由于英语和汉语属于两个不同的语系，加上社会文化的不同以及思维方式的差异，诸多的因素给我们掌握地道的英语造成障碍。在写作中，尽管一些考生的句子没有任何语法错误，但是由于不符合英文习惯，或者受汉语的影响过深, 所以也是错句。
病句１：Your pronunciation must be paid great attention to.
本句使用了被动语态，单纯从被动语态的结构上看, 没有任何语法错误。但是从用法上看，却不符合英文习惯。当"pay attention to "短语用作被动语态时, 习惯上把"attention"提到句首作为被动语态的主语,?而不是把"to?"后面的宾语提到句首去作被动语态的主语。此句若写成Great attention must be paid to your pronunciation 就符合英文习惯了。
病句２：He likes to play football and watching football matches.
考生可能为了显示自己对动词"like"的搭配掌握得好，先用一个不定式的结构(?to?play?football?)，再用一个动名词结构(?watching football matches ), 分别担任"like"的宾语。然而，该考生却忽略了英文侧重于句子结构的平衡这一特点，用不定式和动名词这两个完全不同的语法结构来担任同一个谓语动词的宾语，从而破坏了该句的平衡, 收到适得其反的效果。该句应改为He likes to play footballand (?to)?watch foootball matches 或者He likes playing football?andwatching?football matches.
病句３：Jane is not at home. She left for a long time.
本句的错误在后一句, "She left for a long time"带有浓厚的中文味：她离开很久了。在英文里，动词"leave"属于瞬间动词，?由于此类动词的动作一般不能延续，通常不可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，只有那些延续性动词（例如：live,?work, read）才可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。在学习英文的动词时, 应注意归类。此病句可以
改为：She left a?long time ago.
病句４：I have gone to Beijing for three times.
此句想表达的中文意思是"我去过北京三次"。可能考虑到是先后三个不同的时间去的，并且想强调对现在的影响，所以时态使用了现在完成时，似乎全句不应该有什么错误。但是此句不符合英文的习惯。当表示"去过某地（多少次）"的意思时，英文习惯上用"to have?been to ..."的结构，而不用"to have gone to ..."的结构。此句应改写为: I have been to Beijing for three times.
病句５：All of us lived very interestingly during?our short stay here.
此句的问题也在于不符合英文的习惯，完全是按照中文的意思硬翻过去的：在这儿短暂逗留期间, 我们都过得很有意思。在英文里, live 既可以作为及物动词使用,构成live a happy/poor/miserable life
等短语, 也可以作为不及物动词使用, 由副词来修饰它,?如live?happily/poorly/miserably，但习惯上不用interestingly这样的副词来修饰动词live。若想表达"过得很有意思",应该用符合英文习惯的表达方式，如：to enjoy oneself, to have a good time 等。?此句可改为：All of us had a good time during our short stay here.
３）句子结构不规范
在写作中，由于对英文的标点符号的用法不甚了解，或者下笔时不够细心, 写出的句子往往结构不完整, 句子显得支离破碎。下面列举几类比较典型的错误：
病句１：Yesterday, I went to a book store,?I?found?a detective story book, I liked it very much，so I bought it。
英语与汉语在标点符号使用上的一个明显区别就是英语很少用
逗号连接句子，句子与句子之间通常都用句号，不用逗号。而且，较短的状语(如yesterday)可以不用逗号分开。另外，英语的句号是实心的圆点"."。此段应改为：Yesterday I went to a book?store.?I found a detective story book. I liked it?very much.?So I bought it.
病句２：They export a lot of fruit. Such as oranges, apples and lemons.
"such as..."，"for example"等都是短语, 不能作为一个句子来对待，?即不能开始一个句子。但是中国学生容易忽视这个问题，经常在写作中出现此类错误。此句应改写为：They export?a lot?of fruit,?such as oranges,? apples andlemons.
病句３：There are several boys in our class want to go fishing.
此句的毛病出在want to go fishing 的修饰关系上, 它应该是修
饰boys 的,?但是这里却缺少一个关系代词"who"。这也是中国学生在使用"there be?"句型中最容易犯的一个错误, 一定要记住当有一个定语从句修饰主语时, 千万不能丢掉关系词！此句应加上关系词：
There?are several boys in our class who want to gofishing.
病句４：Those have finished can go now.
"have finished"是一个动词，"can go now "也是一个动词，两者之间属于什么关系？与主语"those"又是什么关系？很显然，此句在结构上缺少了某个成分，即关系代词"who", 应补上: Those?who?have finished can go now.
病句５：Many passengers who were drown before they swam to the shore.
有一些错误的原因并非是因为考生的英语水平不高，而是由于考生的语言功底不够扎实、应试时心情紧张或者粗心大意而造成的，这种情况在日常的作业中也时而发生，病句５便是一个典型的例子。此句乍看似乎没有错误，其实在语法上有一个结构错误，既然用"who"引出了一个从句, 那么主句在哪? 此句可改写为: There were many passengers who were drown before they swam to the shore 或者Many passengers were drown before they swam to the shore.
４）语意不清
语意不清也是写作中一个比较突出的问题。由于对英文接触得少, 听、读的量不够，缺乏语言上的积累，就产生不出语感，结果在遣词造句时就容易出现用词不当的错误，造成句子的意思模糊不清，不合逻辑。
病句１：I am sorry, but I'll improve my mistake.
(意为: 对不起, 我会改正我的错误的。)
"improve?"一词的本意是"make?or?become better",?即"改善，提高"。?那么, "improve my mistake"的意思岂不就变成了"改进、提高我的错误（水平）"? 这显然不是作者的本意, 作者是想表达"改正自己的错误",?应该用"correct?"这个动词, 正确的表达是: I'm sorry, but I'll correct my mistake.
病句２：Mrs. Carter said to her daughter that she was wrong.
句中的指代关系不清, 代词"she"是代指"Mrs. Carter?"，?还是代指"herdaughter"，似乎都可以说得通。这种模糊的指代在写作中应当尽量避免。此句可根据不同的意思改为: Mrs. Carter acknowledged?to?her daughter?that she was wrong. 或者Mrs. Carter said to her daughter,"You are wrong."
病句３：The master skimmed through my composition very carefully.
"skim through sth."短语的意思为"read quickly, noting only the chiefpoints"，即"快速地阅览某内容以了解其梗概"。此句既然用了"skim through",后面怎么还能再用"very carefully"？岂不前后矛盾?
此句应作相应的变动: Themaster read my composition very carefully.
病句４：I often make English mistakes because?my grammar is?not very strong.
"make English mistakes?"是想表达什么意思？是指"犯英（国）式的错误"还是指"犯英语语言方面的错误"？表达得含糊不清。此外，"my?grammar?is not very strong?"一句的意思也不准确。?应该说得清楚些：I often?make mistakesin?my?English studies because I am not very strong in grammar.
病句５：The doctor cured her illness, but at last failed.
"cure"的意思是"bring (a person) back to health"，?即"使（人）恢复健康; 治愈"。依照该句英文, 中文就要翻译成："医生治愈了她的病，但是终于失败了"。既然医生治愈了她的病，怎么又失败了呢？显然考生没有领会"cure"的确切词义, 把它简单地理解为"治疗"的意思了, 与"treat?"混为一谈，结果造成了前后句的意思相互矛盾。另外，"at last"作"结果"解时，?往往带有一定的感情色彩，放在这儿使用也是不合适的。全句应改为：The?doctor?tried to cure her of?the disease,?but failed in the end.
Exercise 3: 纠正下列句子中存在的语法、语意不清或不符合习惯等方面的错误。
1. Any modern novelist would be thrilled to have his stories compared with Dickens.
2. He was such an indecisive sort of person that scarcely had he uttered the words than he began to regret it.
3. Because some of the representatives still not there,? the conference is put off until further notice.
4. The president of the colllege, together with the deans, are planning
a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.
5. My name is William, and most of my friends call me Bill for short.
6. A set of the company's documents is in the reference room so that any one of the office is able to use them at all times.
7. Jim spent his summmer vacation going to New York,? flying to Hawaii and then to sail to Japan.
8. As I haven't seen this film, it's impossible for me to tell you how I think of it.
9. The library is very popular with students because of a good collection of books and because it offered comfortable surroundings.
２、句子表达的思想要统一、完整
当一个句子表达两层或两层以上的意思时，各层意思之间通常应有一定的内在联系，并且所表达的意思应完整，这样，就把句子组成了一个有机的整体，使人读后对该句的意思一目了然。但是，如果为
了凑长句，把两个毫不相关的意思勉强地放在一个句子里，就破坏了句子表达思想的统一性和完整性，是不可取的。也有的时侯，一些考生为了凑字数，会不由自主地在同一个句子里从一个话题突然转到另外一个话题，这样做也同样会破坏句子的统一和完整。下面的句子或多或少地都存在着这方面的问题。
1. I told him that I really liked.
（从句表达的思想不完整, like 什么? 后面应该加上宾语。）
2. He wrote a letter to me and he was thirsty.
（并列句表达的是两个截然不同的思想内容，?相互之间没有任何联系，?却用and 连接在一起, 非常牵强。）
3. The electrical power is most important because we are short of it.
（主从句表达的思想不是直接的因果关系，逻辑不通。）
4. Everyone tries to achieve success in his career no matter when he has his lunch.
（主从句表达的思想内容没有直接的联系。）
5. Tom bought a stereo and he went abroad.
（并列句表达的思想不统一。）
6. Jane often writes home and tells her parents.
（句子表达的思想不完整, tell 什么? ）
7. Traffic accidents can only be avoided by careful driving and I don't think there is any need for people to buy a car of their own.
（前后句表达的思想内容互不相干, 无法用and 连接在一起。）
8. I am so interested in stamp-collecting that I don't go to the super market where there are lots of people.
（主从句表达的思想内容不统一，尤其是where 引出的从句, 与主题毫不相关, 纯属多余。）
9. Physical exercises can increase the circulation?of the blood which is needed by everyone of us.
（主从句表达的思想内容不统一，which 引出的从句, 在意思上显得牵强，应当删去。）
10. I believed that science was a great force to push our society forward and I wouldn't burn the midnight oil.
（句子表达的思想内容前后不统一，无任何联系。）
３、句子的用词要简炼
"言以简洁为贵"。写作过程中要尽量避免表达意思的重复，删去那些模凌两可、意同词不同的单词、短语。下面的句子就不够简洁，需作修改。
1. Sam is a recent newcomer to our office.
（newcomer 的意思已经很明确, recent 为多余。）
2. The money he has earned is not sufficient enough for his needs.
（sufficient 的意思已经很明确, 不需要再用enough。）
3. No one would tell the true fact.
（face 的本意就是"事实", 没有必要用true 来修饰它。）
4. She first began to travel by air when she was only a baby.
（began 已经包括了first 的意思, 应删去first。）
5. Jane was greatly frightened with fear at the sight of?a snake under her bed.
（frighten 的意思已经很明确, with feat 为多余。）
6. In this modern world of today, people never walk when they can ride.
（modern world 的意思是"当代", of tody 为重复, 应删去。）
7. Without a doubt, the chairman will surely cancel the meeting.
（without a doubt 与surely 在意思上重复, 应删去其中一个。）
8. We usually asked Sam for advice because of the fact that he was very clever
（because 的后面不需要用of the fact that, 应将其删去。）
9. There are some childrn who are reading in the classroom.
（此句可以简写为: Some children are reading in the classroom.）
10. Several boys were playing football together with each other.
（together 与with each other 在意思上重复, 应删去with each other。）
Exercise 4: 纠正下列句子中在统一、完整、以及表达简洁等方面存在的错误。
1. Jane smiled and she had never been there.
2. He didn't hand in his composition in time made the master very angry.
3. He didn't have his dinner yesterday and he was not very well.
4. She had no money left and lonely in the big city.
5. Tom came back very late and his car broke down half way.
４、句子的修辞要得体
修辞是一种较为高级的写作技巧，虽然在四级考试的写作中不做明确的要求, 但是，如果掌握了一些修辞的基础知识, 在遣词造句时能够有意识地运用一点修辞手段，就可以使四级的作文文笔流畅, 描写生动，增强语言的感染力，提高整篇文章的表达效果。
常用的修辞手段有以下几种：
１）明喻
通常用"as"或者"like"构成。例如：
He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval,? as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.
He slept like a log.
２）暗喻
表示与字面意义不同的比喻。例如：
There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest.
He has a heart of stone.
３）拟人
将某一事物赋予人的行为。例如：
An idea spoke within him, racing through his mind.
Time and tide wait for no man.
４）排比
运用语法结构相同的并列结构。例如：
The young film star is tall, dark, and handsome.
He pulled his head back into the bedroom,? looked around,? saw his jacket, picket it up and put it on.
A father who spends time with his son and who thoughtfully answers his son's questions will be respected and loved.
５）反问
不需要对方回答的明知故问。例如：
Isn't my idea a sound one? (意为: My idea is really a sound one.)
What else could I do under such circumstances? (?意为:? I could do nothing else under such circunstance.)
６）夸张
对事物作夸大其实的描述。例如：
We haven't seen each other for ages.
She expressed her a thousand thanks to me for my timely help.
三、句子表达方式的多样化
如果一篇文章中的所有句子都千篇一律地只使用同一种句型，就会使这篇文章缺乏生气，读起来单调乏味，失去兴趣。在学习写作的过程中，要着重学会运用多种不同的表达方式来描述同一种思想内容，增强自己的表达能力。下面，介绍几种常用的句式转换的方式。１、简单句、并列句、复合句三者之间的句式转换。例如：
1)A.The dean left for New York yesterday. He will be back next month.
B.The dean left for New York yesterday and he will be back next month.
C.The dean who left for New York yesterday will be back next month.
2)A.The car broke halfway. They had to stay in a small inn for the night.
B.The car broke halfway, and they had to stay in a small inn for the night.
C.As the car broke halfway, they had to stay in a small inn for the night.
２、非谓语动词与从句的句式转换。例如：
1)A.He felt ashamed of having done so little.
B.He felt ashamed that he had done so little.
2)A.We consider him to be very trustworthy.
B.We consider that he is very trustworthy.
3)A.Being busy, he didn't go to see the film.
B.As he was busy, he didn't go to see the film.
３、主动语态与被动语态的句式转换。例如：
1)A.We have proved him wrong.
B.He has been proved wrong (by us).
2)A.The young mother takes good care of her baby.
B.The baby is taken good care of (by the young mother).
注: 被动语态主要用于:
1.侧重某一动作或动作的承受者, 动作的执行者不明或被降到了次要的位置。
2.某些习惯用法，上下文或结构的需要。
４、自然语序与倒装语序的句式转换。例如：
1)A.I have never done such a silly thing.
B.Never have I done such a silly thing.
2)A.The door suddenly opened and a group of young men in all sorts of strange hair styles rushed out.
B.The door suddenly opened and out rushed a group of young men?in all sorts of strange hair styles.
５、肯定表达与否定表达的转换。例如：
1)A.He is too weak to go there with us.
B.He is very weak and he cannot go there with us.
2)A.We'll have a football match tomorrow unless it rains.
B.We'll have a football match tomorrow if it doesn't rain.
６、陈述句与强调句的转换。例如：
1)A.John found the lost child in the forest last night.
B.It was John who found the lost child in the forest last night.
2)A.I told him not to go out alone.
B.I did tell him not to go out alone.
注：运用强调的目的是为了突出重要的内容，加强信息的传递。７、状语位置的变换。例如：
1)A.Recently they had an accident.
B.They had an accident recently.
2)A.Whenever in difficulty, you can count on our support.
B.You can count on our support whenever in difficulty.
在一个段落里，上下句之间有着结构和意思上的密切联系，选择句子表达方式时应该全面考虑，不能走极端。在某些上下文中，可以使用多种不同的句式来表达同一个意思，也可以每一句都采用一个不同的句式，而在另外一些上下文中，可能就不行。因此，选择句式时要从文体、语气、上下文等方面统筹考虑。Exercise 5: 按照要求, 改变下列句子的表达方式。
1. Sam was caught when he was stealing his neighbour's car. (改为不定式结构)
2. I don't know whether to help him or not. (改为从句)
3. When they heard the knock on the door, they stopped talking. (改
为分词结构)
4. The hunter fired, killing one of the wolves. (改为简单句)
5. You may ask the lady who is sitting over there. (改为分词结构)
6. We elected him chairman of the club. (改为被动)
7. He will be given a dictionary by Professor Carter as a present. (?
改为被动句)
8. We can solve this problem only in this way. (改为倒装句)
9. He was so interested in stamp-collecting that he spent almost all?his spare money on it. (改为倒装句)
10. No sooner had they heard the alarm than they rushed to the fire spot.? (改为正常语序)
11. There are few places in China that I have not visited. (改为肯定句)
12. David graduated from Oxford University in 1994. (强调时间)
13. I enjoyed his company. (强调动词)
14. All of a sudden, a tiger jumped out of the bushes. (变动状语位置)
15. We will not change our plan no matter what happens. (变动状语位置)
How to Write Good Sentences
学生的作文主要有以下几个方面的问题：
第一、英语底子太薄。
第二、词汇量太小，且对已学词汇记忆不清。
第三、表达思想不清楚。下面我们以学生的实际作文来进行一下分析。
1）Some one consider that fresh water will not touch i t’s end.
2）One man's life lack of money, he will impossible to live on.
3）As is know, that there are much fake commodities in today’s society.
从这些例句中不难看出，大部分学生在写作上存在的主要问题是表达思想不清楚。表达思想不清楚的主要原因是学生作文中严重汉化的英语，即中式英语，比如："man can live happiness"，"Man is iron, and food is steel.", ＂Women are half side sky.”。此外，语言错误的普遍性和严重性十分惊人，比如，主谓不一致，名词单复数不分，动词时态语态滥用，常用词拼写错误比比皆是。这些严重地影响了思想的表达。考试实践表明，多数学生在写作上的主要欠缺不是系统的写作理论和方法，而是最基本的单句写作能力。
文章无论长短，都是由句子组成的，句子是表达思想的最基本的单位。因此，句子是否能写得正确、达意和清楚，将直接影响整篇文章的写作质量。很多英语考试的实践都表明，学生写作成绩长期得不到明显提高的主要原因是欠缺写好单句的能力。
一、“There be”结构
病句：
1、There are many people like to go to the movies.
2、There are different kinds of vegetables can be bought on the market by people.
正确表达：
1、There are many people who like to go to the movies.
2、There are different kinds of vegetables that people can buy on the market.
这两个例句错误比较有普遍性，因为在历次考试中有不少学生不能正确运用there be这一最常用句式。在这种结构中，there是引导词，没有实际意义。be在句中作谓语，有时态和数变化。
例如：
1、There was no school in the village at that time. (there was not a school...)
注意：在否定句中，否定词用no，也可用not a或not any。not a后接单数名词，not a 后接复数名词，no后面名词单复数都可以。
2、There is not a moment to be lost.
3、There are many people rushing into the cities every year.
4、There are many things we can do to prevent traffic accidents.
5、There is no use holding back the wheel of history.
从以上例句还可看出，句中主语后面可接多种修饰语，如介词短语、不定式短语、定语从句、分词短语等等。这无疑使该结构增加了表现力，使句子表达内容更加丰富。在运用这一结构时，学生最容易犯错误是在there be之后又用了一个动词作谓语，使句子结构出现严重错误。这里列举学生典型错误均属这种情况，对此我们在写作中要格外注意。
二、比较结构
学生病句：
1、Comparing with the bike, the car runs much faster.
2、The climate in Walton is colder than other cities.
正确表达：
1、Compared with the bike, the car runs much faster.
2、The climate in Walton is colder than that of other cities.
评议与分析：许多学生在作文中用compare或than表示比较，但相当多表达有误。
在例1中，对两个事物进行比较句式为Compared with A, B...，只能用compare过去分词，不能用现在分词，因为B是分词逻辑主语，只能被比较。在例2中，学生误将“天气”与“城市”进行比较，而二者没有可比性，只有将后者改为“其他城市天气”才符合逻辑，很显然，学生错误是受了汉语表达习惯影响。比较结构是常用结构，正确地使用这一结构可以使文章句式增加变化，有利于提高写作成绩。
下面是比较结构一些常用表达方法。
1、同级比较
1）In 1998 we produced as many cars as we did in the previous five years. 2）We have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have taken ten years in the past.
2、比较级
1）Children now enjoy better medical treatment than before.
2）We can live longer without food than we can (live ) without water. 3、最高级
1）This is the most interesting book I've ever read.
2）Of all his novels I like this one best.
4、the more…the more…结构
1) The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
2) The more a man knows, the more he discovers his ignorance.
5、选择比较
1) I prefer staying at home to going out.
2) They prefer to work rather than (to) sit idly.
3) He prefers to work alone.
注意：这里1）句用是Prefer A to B结构，to为介词，后接名词或动名词；2）句是以不定式作prefer宾语；3）句用法同2），只是不把rather than部分表达出来。
6、对比
1) Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative.
2) He is tired out, whereas she is full of vigor.
注意：while 和whereas均可用于连接两个意义对立分句，相当于汉语“而”字。许多学生能较好地运用这一句式，尤其在图表作文中。三、表达原因结构
学生病句：
1、The real reason to our failure is not far to seek.
2、The reason for this is because some people want to earn plenty of money without
working hard.
正确表达：
1、The real reason for our failure is not far to seek.
2、The reason for this is that some people want to earn plenty of money without working
hard.
评议与分析：
从遣词造句上看，这两位学生具有一定写作能力，not far to seek, plenty of money以及without working hard等均运用正确、恰当。但令人遗憾是，第一位学生不知道reason不与to搭配而应接介词for，第二位学生犯了一个中国学生常犯错误，就是用because引起表语从句，because这个词不能引起表语从句，在本句中只能改用that才正确。掌握好表达原因结构是十分重要，几乎所有写作试题都要求写原因或可以写原因。在大学英语四、六级考试、研究生入学英语考试以及TOEFL考试中，写作文体基本上是议论文，而议论文基本模式是摆事实、讲道理，讲道理就是说明原因。写作测试文体决定了表达原因结构重要性。
英语中用来表达原因这一概念结构有多种。我们可用as , because, since, seeing that, considering that, now that, not that...等词组引出表示
原因从句。例如：
1、Now that we have seen these great achievements with our own eyes, we feel more
proud than ever of our country.
2、Professor Liu is strict with us because he wants us to make rapid progress.
3、Since we live near the sea, we enjoy a healthy climate.
4、Pollution is still a serious problem, not that we don't have the ability to solve it, but that
some people have not realized the consequences of the problem.
我们还可以借助某些词语用简单句表达原因结构。例如：
1、The reason for this change is quite obvious.
2、Diligence is the key factor of success.
3、Idleness is the root of all evils.
4、He was ashamed to have made the mistake.(=He was ashamed that he had made the
mistake. =He was ashamed because he had made the mistake.) 除了上述例句外，英语中还有很多或易或难表达原因结构。我们在进行写作训练时候，不能满足于一知半解，要讲究书面语言正确性和准确性。比如，because是最常用引导原因从句连词，语气最强，表示直接原因，若because置于句首，后面主句不能再用so。用as
引导原因从句语气较弱，所说明原因是附带，而since表示原因暗示着是稍加分析之后才能推断出来原因。For引出的则是大家都知道的原因，语气也较弱。
四、否定结构
否定结构除了在助动词、情态动词，be和have后面加not之外，还有许多不含not的否定结构。若能正确使用他们，文章会显得生动活泼，增加写作的闪光点。下面我们就来看看:
1．含有否定意义的词汇和短语
以下列举的词和词组本身就具有否定的含义，因此无需用否定词。
介词against, beyond, but, except, without,...
形容词和动词absent, deny, differ, different, fail, free, ignore, miss, refuse, the last, used to, reluctant, lack, want,...
短语keep...from, protect...from, prevent...from, let alone, at a loss, in vain, instead of, out of the question, rather than, too...to, by no means, anything but,...
我们看以下例句：
1）Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.
在一些国家里妇女没有得到平等的权利。
2）This is by no means the best way to solve the problem of energy crisis.
这不是解决能源危机的最好的办法。
3）We should protect trees from being destroyed.
我们应保护树木，不让它们受破坏。
4）In old China we could not make a nail, let alone(make) machines.
在旧中国，我们连一个钉子都造不了，更不用说制造机器了。2．含有半否定意义的词语
barely, hardly, few, little, rarely, scarcely, seldom, not all, not everyone, not everything,...具有半否定的意义。例句：
1）We could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on market several years ago.
几年前在冬天市场上很难见到新鲜蔬菜。
2）These young people know little about how to choose good books to read.
这些年轻人几乎不知道如何挑选优秀的书籍来读。
3．不含否定意义的否定结构
有些词和词组形式上是否定结构，但其含义是肯定的，比如：cannot but, can't help,
no sooner...than, not...until, in no time, none other than, nothing but,等等。例句：
1）We can't but face the reality.
我们只有面对现实。
2）These old buildings will be replaced by modern apartment buildings in no time.
这些旧建筑将很快为现代化的公寓所代替。
4．否定结构的倒装语序
我们有时为了强调而把否定词和词组放在句首，这时句子结构应倒装。例如：
1）On no account should we follow blindly.我们决不应当盲从。
2）No where has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as in our country.没有任何其他地方有我国这样高的学习热情。
五、含有it的结构
学生病句：
1. As is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society.
2. It is known to us, practice makes perfect.
正确表达：
1. It is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society. (或:As is known to all of us, science...)
2. It is known to us that practice makes perfect. (或:As is known to us, practice...)
评议与分析：
很显然，两个学生混淆了it和as的用法。如果用it作形式主语，后面的主语从句必须由that引起；如果用as，则后面不能用that，因为as是关系代词，代表practice makes perfect。
It 在英语中是个相当活跃的代词，在写作中我们常要使用它。以下几种用法应熟练掌握，并能灵活运用。
1．作形式主语
It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully.
It makes difference whether we could purify the air or not.
2.作形式宾语
We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that.
Modern science has made it possible for babies to grow healthily and for people to live longer.
3.引导强调句
It is only by this way that we can achieve success.
It was then that people began to realize the importance of controlling population.
从语法结构来看，上述的句子都不难，或者可以说是学生相当熟悉的。然而在写作考试中，多数学生缺乏运用自己已掌握的句式的意识，而以自己头脑中拼凑的中式英语取而代之。其实，只要能恰当地运用上述的任何一个句式，学生的作文就会出现闪光点，就会取得比较好的成绩。
1.3 How to diversify sentences
句子可长可短，同一件事，可以用不同的句式表达。如果句子清一色是简单句，文章必定很单调乏味。如果全篇充满了冗长的复杂句，读起来也很费力。最好的方法是以简单句为基础，配合适当的并列句和复杂句。简单句可长可短，通常要加些附属成分，如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语，以及节缩成分。
总之，作者可根据情况，使句子多样化，使文章灵活多姿。例如下列五个句子的基本概念一样，但是句式不同，内容重点也有些差别：
(1) The goats grazed peacefully in the farm and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (并列分句(1)+2)
(2) Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unaware of the approaching hunter. (现在分语短语+简单句)
(3) In the farm, the goats grazed peacefully and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (副词短语+并列分句(1)-(2) )
(4) There were goats grazing peacefully in the farm, unaware of the approaching hunter. (简单句+形容语短语)
(5) As the goats grazed peacefully in the farm, they were unaware of the approaching hunter. (原因副词从句+主句)
(1)和(5)的句式最常见；如果加上其他三种互相交替，句子不是更多样化吗？
最后，看看这两个句子要如何多样化呢？
(6) The young pilot was on his first overseas training.
(7) He felt very uneasy.
(a) The young pilot on his first overseas training felt very uneasy.
(b) The young pilot felt very uneasy during his first overseas training.
(c) The young pilot's first overseas training made him feel very uneasy.
(d) Extreme uneasiness seized the young pilot on his first overseas training.
(e) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, feeling very uneasy.
(f) It being his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy.
(g) Being on his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy.
(h) The young pilot was on his first overseas training and felt very uneasy.
(i) The young pilot, who was on his first overseas training, felt very uneasy.
(j) When the young pilot was on his first overseas training, he felt very uneasy.
(k) As the young pilot was on his first overseas training, he felt very uneasy.
(l) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, so that he felt very uneasy.
在上述12个句子中，(a)-(g)是简单句；(h)是并列句；(i)-(l)是复杂句。简单句除(b)和(g)之外，其他五样，用的人并不多。人们最喜欢采用复杂句，尤其是(j)和(k)这两句；接着便是并列句(h)。如果大多数人的句子只限于(b),(g), (h), (j)和(k)这五种，而其他的则弃如敝
小学英语自我介绍简单七篇 小学的时候我们就开始学习英语了,用英语进行自我介绍是我们值得骄傲的哦,以下是小编为大家带来的小学英语自我介绍简单,欢迎大家参考。 小学英语自我介绍1 Goodafternoon, teachers! Today, I`m very happy to make a speech here. Now, let me introduce myself. My name is ZhuRuijie. My English name is Molly. I`m 12. I come from Class1 Grade 6 of TongPu No.2 Primary School. I`m an active girl. I like playing basketball. Because I think it`s very interesting. I`d like to eat potatoes. They`re tasty. My favourite colour is green. And I like math best. It`s fun. On weekend, I like reading books in my room. I have a happy family. My father is tall and strong.My mother is hard-working and tall, too. My brother is smart. And I`m a good student. My dream is
to be a teacher, because I want to help the poor children in the future. Thank you for listening! Please remember me! 小学英语自我介绍2 Hello,everyone,Iamagirl,mynameisAliceGreenIaminClasstwoGrad efive,Iamveryoutgoing,Icandomanyhousework,suchascooking,swe epingthefloor,andIlikesinginganddancing,IamgoodatpiayingSoc cer,IhopeIcanmakegoodfriendswithyou.Thankyou! 小学英语自我介绍3 Hi, boys and girls, good morning, it is my plearsure to take this change to introduce myself, my name is ---, i am 10 years old. About my family, there are 4 people in my family, father, mother, brother and me, my father and mother are all very kind, welcome you to visit my family if you have time! I am a very outgoing girl(boy), I like reading、playing games and listening to music, of course, I also like to make friends with all the
AN EXCITING JOB I have the greatest job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth - the volcano. I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian V olcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago. My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. Our work has saved many lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground. When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine. This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall. The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it
小学生英语自我介绍演讲稿五篇 小学生英语自我介绍演讲稿（1） Good afternoon, teachers! My name is YangXiaodan. I`m 11 now. I`m from Class2 Grade 5 of TongPu No.2 Primary School. My English teacher is Miss Sun. She`s quiet and kind. She`s short and young. My good friend is ZhangBingbing. She`s 12. She`s tall and pretty. We`re in the same class. We both like English very much. I like painting , listening to music, playing computer games and reading books. My favourite food is chicken. It`s tasty and yummy. I often do my homework and read books on Saturdays. This is me. Please remember YangXiaodan. Thank you very much! 小学生英语自我介绍演讲稿（2） Hi everybody, my name is XX ,what’s your name? I’m 11 years old, how old are you? My favourite sport is swimming, what’s your favourite sport? My favourite food is hamburgers,what food do you like?
小学生英文自我介绍及故事(精选多篇) 第一篇：小学生英文自我介绍 good afternoon everyone! my name is max. my chinese name is dong li zhen. i am six years old. i am in the primary school of jinling high school hexi branch.my family have four people. one,myfather, his name is dongning, he is a worker; two,my mother, her name is liqing,she is a housewife; three,my pet yoyo ,he is a dog; there is one more. now let me see….oh,yes,that is me! i love my family. i have many toys,a car ,a helicopter, two balls, three jumpropes. i like jumpropes best of all,because i jumprope very good. i have a pencilcase ,it’s bule. i have an brown eraser. i have five pencils,they are many colors, and one ruler,it’s white. i like english,i like speak english thank you! 第二篇：小学生英文自我介绍 自我介绍 各位老师好，我叫邵子豪，今年15岁，现在是红星海学校初中二年级学生。 我是一个善良、自信、幽默、乐于助人的阳光男孩，平时我喜欢和同学一起打篮球，还喜欢和爸爸谈古论今，我自引以为豪的是我有一个善解人意的妈妈和博学多才的爸爸，我为我生活在这样一个充满爱和民主的家庭中感到幸福！ hello , teachers: mynameisshaoziha o. i’mfifteenyearsold. istudy in hongxinghaimiddeleschool..iamingradetwonow. iamakind,confident,humourousandhelpfulboy..ilikeplaying basketballwithmyfriends. andialsoliketotalkaboutthehsitoryandthecurrent newswithmyfather. i amveryproudofmyfatherandmymotherbecauseoftheirknowledge.
小学简单英语自我介绍范文（精选3篇） 小学简单英语自我介绍范文 当换了一个新环境后，我们难以避免地要作出自我介绍，自我介绍可以满足我们渴望得到尊重的心理。但是自我介绍有什么要求呢？下面是收集整理的小学简单英语自我介绍范文，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。 小学简单英语自我介绍1 Good afternoon, teachers! I`m very happy to introduce myself here. I`m Scott. My Chinese name is SunZijing. I`m 13. I`m from Class1 Grade 6 of TongPu No.2 Primary School. I have many hobbies, such as playing ping-pong, playing badminton, listening to music, reading magazines and so on. My favourite food is chicken. It`s tasty and yummy. So I`m very strong. I`m a naughty boy. I always play tricks. And I just like staying in my room and reading books. But I have a dream, I want to be a car-designer. Because I`m a car fan.This is me. Please remember SunZijing! Thank you very much! 小学简单英语自我介绍2 Goodafternoon, teachers! Today, I`m very happy to make a speech here. Now, let me introduce myself. My name is ZhuRuijie.
小学生英语自我介绍演讲稿带翻译 篇一：小学英语自我介绍演讲稿 Good morning everyone! Today I am very happy to make a speech（演讲） here. Now, let me introduce myself. My name is Chen Qiuxiang. I am from Dingcheng center Primary School. I live in our school from Monday to Friday. At school, I study Chinese, Math, English, Music, Computer, and so on. I like all of them. I am a monitor, so I often help my teacher take care of my class. I think I am a good help. And I like Monday best because we have English, music, computer and on Tuesdays. There are four seasons in a year , but my favourite season is summer. Because I can wear my beautiful dress . When I am at home, I often help my mother do some housework. For example, wash clothes , clean the bedroom, do the dishes and so on . and my mother says I am a good help, too. In my spare time, I have many hobbies. I like reading books , going hiking, flying kites .But I like singing best, and my favourite English song is “The more we get
八年级下学期全部长篇课文 Unit 1 3a P6 In ten years , I think I'll be a reporter . I'll live in Shanghai, because I went to Shanfhai last year and fell in love with it. I think it's really a beautiful city . As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of interesting people. I think I'll live in an apartment with my best friends, because I don' like living alone. I'll have pets. I can't have an pets now because my mother hates them, and our apartment is too small . So in ten yers I'll have mny different pets. I might even keep a pet parrot!I'll probably go skating and swimming every day. During the week I'll look smart, and probably will wear a suit. On the weekend , I'll be able to dress more casully. I think I'll go to Hong Kong vacation , and one day I might even visit Australia. P8 Do you think you will have your own robot In some science fiction movies, people in the future have their own robots. These robots are just like humans. They help with the housework and do most unpleasant jobs. Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years. Scientist ae now trying to make robots look like people and do the same things as us. Janpanese companies have already made robts walk and dance. This kond of roots will also be fun to watch. But robot scientist James White disagrees. He thinks that it will be difficult fo a robot to do the same rhings as a person. For example, it's easy for a child to wake up and know where he or she is. Mr White thinks that robots won't be able to do this. But other scientists disagree. They think thast robots will be able t walk to people in 25 to 50tars. Robots scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people . For example, there are already robots working in factories . These robots look more like huge arms. They do simple jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such as jobs and would get bored. But robots will never bored. In the futhre, there will be more robots everwhere, and humans will have less work to do. New robots will have different shapes. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. After an earthquake, a snake robot could help look for people under buildings. That may not seem possibe now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed
小学生英语自我介绍12篇 Hellow，everyone，my name is XX，I e fromXX，now I will tell you something about myself。 I study at XX school my school is very large ，there are at least 1000students in it。I like all my subjects ，such as Chinese，Maths，English and so on。I like Chinese best between these subjects，I think it is very interesting and amazing。this is me，do you know me now? if you want to know me more，please let me know as soon as possible。 Introducing yourself is very important when you meet new people。You always want to make a good impression when telling others about yourself。Allow me to introduce myself。 My name is XX and I'm from XX 。Right now，I'm a student。I study very hard every day。I like going to school because I'm eager to learn。I enjoy learning English。It's my favorite class。I like to make friends and I get along with everyone。This is the introduction I give whenever I meet new people。It tells people a little bit about me and about what I like to do。 小学生英语自我介绍（二十二）： Hello，my name is_______。I am_______ years old。Now I am studying in_______PrimarySchool。I am in Grade _______，Class_______。 I live in_______。There are _______ members in my family—
小学生英语自我介绍范文（9篇） 如今英语交流越来越普遍了，英语版的自我介绍也很普遍，那 么你知道如何写好英语自我介绍吗？下面是收集的小学生英语自我 介绍范文，欢迎阅读借鉴。更多资讯自我介绍栏目。 Good afternoon, teachers! My name is YangXiaodan. I`m 11 now. I`m from Class2 Grade 5 of TongPu No.2 Primary School. My English teacher is Miss Sun. She`s quiet and kind. She`s short and young. My good friend is ZhangBingbing. She`s 12. She`s tall and pretty. We`re in the same class. We both like English very much. I like painting , listening to music, playing puter games and reading books. My favourite food is chicken. It`s tasty and yummy. I often do my homework and read books on Saturdays. This is me. Please remember YangXiaodan. Thank you very much! Gooda fternoon, teachers! My name is XuLulu. I`m 11. I e from Class1 Grade 5 of TongPu No.2 Primary School. There are 4 people in my family. My father is tall. My mother is pretty.My sister has a long hair. And I`m a good student. However, my home is near the school, I often get up early. Because I must work hard. after school, I like playing puter games and reading books. I`d like to eat apples. They are sweet and healthy. And I like
小学45秒英语自我介绍范文9篇45 second English self introduction model in primary sc hool 编订：JinTai College
小学45秒英语自我介绍范文9篇 前言：自我介绍是向别人展示你自己，直接关系到你给别人的第一印象的好坏及以后交往的顺利与否，也是认识自我的手段。自我介绍是每个人都必然要经历的一件事情，日常学习、工作、生活中与陌生人建立关系、打开局面的一种非常重要的手段，通过自我介绍获得到对方的认识甚至认可，是一种非常重要的技巧。本文档根据自我介绍内容要求和特点展开说明，具有实践指导意义，便于学习和使用，本文下载后内容可随意调整修改及打印。 本文简要目录如下：【下载该文档后使用Word打开，按住键盘Ctrl键且鼠标单击目录内容即可跳转到对应篇章】 1、篇章1：小学45秒英语自我介绍范文 2、篇章2：小学45秒英语自我介绍范文 3、篇章3：小学45秒英语自我介绍范文 4、篇章4：小学45秒英语自我介绍范文 5、篇章5：英语自我介绍范文 6、篇章6：英语自我介绍范文 7、篇章7：英语自我介绍范文 8、篇章8：英语自我介绍范文
9、篇章9：英语自我介绍范文 家长们是否感觉到小孩子们一遇到英文自我介绍就犯傻?以下是小泰为你整理的小学45秒英语自我介绍范文，希望大家喜欢。 篇章1:小学45秒英语自我介绍范文 Hi， boys and girls, good morning, it is my plearsure to take this change to introduce myself, my name is ***, i am 10 years old. About my family, there are 4 people in my family, father, mother, brother and me, my father and mother are all very kind, welcome you to visit my family if you have time! 嗨，男孩女孩们，大家上午好，很荣幸能有这个机会来 介绍我自己，我叫***，今年10岁。关于我的家庭，我家有四口人，爸爸妈妈，哥哥，还有我，我的爸爸妈妈都是很友善的人，欢迎你们来我家玩如果你有时间。 I am a very outgoing girl（boy）, I like reading、playing games and listening to music, of course, I also like to make friends with all the people in the
高中英语选修 6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on
小学英语自我介绍带翻译5篇 小学生也要用的英语的,那么怎么写一段自我介绍的英语呢。以下是小编为大家带来的小学英语自我介绍带翻译5篇,欢迎大家参考。 小学英语自我介绍1 Everybody is good, my name is called ___, my English name is called Angle. Everybody knew that Angle is the angel meaning, I hoped that I forever can look like the angel equally happily, joyful, is carefree all day! I in the si_th grade, faced with rose the middle school now, father and mother, grandfather paternal grandmother, teacher schoolmates place the very big e_pectation to me, I will certainly not disappoint their e_pectation, will study diligently, passes an e_amination junior middle school’s key class! In the future will become social a person of great ability and tremendous potential, will make the contribution for the motherland! 【中文翻译】
篇一：小学生英语口语大赛自我介绍 薛孟瑶 dear teachers and students: on theweend, i like reading books and listening to music in my room. i like the color is green and red. i have a happy family. my father is a teacher. my mother is a doctor . and i`m a good student. my dream is to be a teacher, because i want to help the children in the future. thank you very much! please remember me! goodbye! 程琳 dear teachers and students: thank you very much! 王晗 dear teachers and students: this is me. an active girl. please remember wanghan thank you very much! 小学生英语自我介绍 小学生英语演讲稿 hi ,good morning, boys and girls. nice to meet you, here. my name is ......... i am from tai ping town ,hui longsi primary school. i am in grade four. i am ten now.today i will talk about the "clothes" .i know many kinds of clothes. such as: coat , sweater, dress, shirt, skirt. shoes. as a child, i like clothes very much.. mother often buys clothes for me. i like white .and i study hard at school.today i am wearing school clothes and white shoes. it fits for me. i like it . ok. that is all. thank you ! goodbye 关于个人爱好的英语演讲稿 关于个人爱好的英语演讲稿 my hobby is reading. i read story books, magazines, newspapers and any kind of material that i find interesting. this hobby got started when i was a little boy. i had always wanted my parents to read fairy tales and other stories to me. soon they got fed up and tired of having to read to me continually. so as soon as i could, i learned to read. soon i could read simple fairy tales and other stories. now i read just about 篇二：小学英语口语竞赛自我介绍 good morning teachers thank you for giving me such a chance to introduce myself, it's my great honor. 亲爱的老师们、同学门，感大家给了我这样一个机会来做自我介绍，这是我莫大的荣幸。i'm liuchenxi。 you can call me cici i'm 11 years old. as you see, i am a cute girl. 正如你们所见，我是一个很可爱的小女孩。 i like cow best. do you know why? because my family name is "liu. (smile^_^) i like rabbit very much. it has two long ears and a short tail. it's as lovely as me. am i right? 我非常喜欢小兔子。它有两个长长的耳朵和一个短尾巴，和我一样的可爱。我说的对吗我最喜欢黄颜色。大家知道为什么吗？因为我的姓是"黄"。（笑）
小学生英语自我介绍带翻译五篇 小学生初学英语，自我介绍是重要学习内容，小学生应该怎么用英语自我介绍呢?以下是为大家带来的小学生英语自我介绍带翻译五篇，欢迎大家参考。 小学生英语自我介绍1 My name is Liyuanyuan. Im a boy and I am 12 yeas old, there are 4 people in my family. My father is a Chemistry teacher. He teaches chemistry in Zhengxin senior high school. My mother is a Chinese teacher. She teaches Chinese in the university. I have an elder brother; he is a junior middle school student and is preparing for the entrance exam. Im tall and I have a pair of big eyes. Now, I am in Grade 5, my study is not very good, but I like English, so my English is better than others. I like singing, drawing, playing basketball. I like to read English story books in my free time. Sometimes I surf the Internet and download the English study materials. Because it also enlarges my vocabulary words. I think one day I can master English. Thank you. 我的名字叫黎圆圆，我是男孩，今年12岁，我们家有四口人，爸爸是一个化学老师，他在正心高中教化学，妈妈是个语文
英语选修六课文翻译 第五单元
英语选修六课文翻译第五单元 reading An exciting job I have the greatest job in the world. travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world sometimes working outdoors sometimes in an office sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists I am never bored although my job is occasionally dangerous I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive However the most important thing about my job is that I heIp protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth-the volcano. I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago My job is collecting information for a database about Mount KiLauea which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii Having collected and evaluated the information I help oyher scientists to predict where lava from the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses Unfortunately we cannot move their homes out of the way and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground. When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine. This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall. The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock. However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one. It was in the second week after I arrived in Hawaii. Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early. I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. I ran out of the house into the back garden where I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance. There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air. It was an absolutely fantastic sight. The day after this eruption I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it. Two other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the crater that had been formed duing the eruption. Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer. All three of us looked like spacemen. We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets,big boots and special gloves. It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.