03
Between persons of equal income there were no social distinction except the distinction of merit. Money is nothing. Character, conduct and capacity are everything.Instead of all the workers being leveled down____________________ all the rich leveled up to fashionable income standards,everybody under the system of equal incomes would find her and his natural level .There would be great people and ordinary people and little people.But the great would always be those_who had done great things and never_the indi____ whose mother had spoiled them and whose father had left a hundred thousand a year. And the little would be persons of small minds and mean characters.and not poor persons who had never had the chance.that is why the
____are always in favor of equality there were only
chance________________________________.and the really great is in favor of equality
04 Great Expectations
As the night was fast falling and as the moon being passing the fall would not rise early,we hadn’t seen the little castle, clearly lonely we could find . So they once more,and thing like house,thus we have down four or five down miles.It was very cold, coming with gallery fire smoking are flying look like comfortable home, door by this time would be until morning,and what like we had,
英语背诵名篇22 The use of history Source: 2009-05-11 我要投稿恒星英语学习论坛Favorite The Use of History There are two ways of thinking of history. There is, first, history regarded as a way of looking at other things, really the temporal aspect of anything, from the universe to this nib with which I am writing. Everything has its history. There is the history of the universe, if only we knew it－and we know something of it, if we do not know much. Nor is the contrast so great, when you come to think of it, between the universe and this pen-nib. A mere pen-nib has quite a considerable history. There is, to begin with, what has been written with it, and that might be something quite important. After all it was probably only one quill-pen or a couple that wrote Hamlet. Whatever has been written with the pen-nib is part of its history. In addition to that there is the history of its manufacture: this particular nib is a 'Relief' nib, No. 314, made by R. Esterbrook and Co. in England, who supply the Midland Bank with pen-nibs, from whom I got it—a gift, I may say, but behind this nib there is the whole process of manufacture. In fact a pen nib implies of universe, and the history of it implies its history. We may regard this way of looking at it—history as the time-aspect of all things: a pen-nib, the universe, the fiddled before me as I write, as a relative conception of history. There is, secondly, what we mat call a substantive conception of history, what we usually mean by it, history proper as a subject of study in itself. Excerpt from The Use of History by A.L.Rowse
英语文学名篇欣赏-重点
英语文学考试复习提纲 一、I’m am Nobody!Who are you? 1、主体思想： 1）作者是想成为nobody还是somebody？为什么？在哪里看出？ She wants to be a Nobody，because she feels peaceful and quiet. Being Nobody won’t be disturbed by others and can do what we want to do. The author is proud of being Nobody,and she wants to find somebody to be her friend,who is also Nobody,too. And being Somebody will face the facts that they will be watched by others,their life will be disturbed by others with many noisy. Furthermore, there will be less private room. Use the soliloquy独白 and interpunction 标点符号 2）成为somebody和nobody各有什么好的和不好的地方？ 2、写作手法、修辞手法（rhetorical device/figure of speech） 1）比喻（metaphor /simile）：frog？an admiring bog？ 2）对话形式（conversation） 3）独白（soliloguy） 4）对比（contrast/comparison）：somebody and nobody 5）大写（capitals）：强调（emphasize）/特指某一类人（refer to a particular type of person） 二、Theme for English B 1、theme 是指homework，the paper that say somet about oneself。 B：一是指black people，二是指不同英语水平level的英语班 2、中心思想： 1）racial pride种族自豪感，作为一个黑人，班上唯一的黑人。 2）强调（emphasize）大家都是一样，具有共性的（share the commonalities），呼吁（call on）黑人与白人的平等地位（equal social status）。 3、写作手法、修辞手法（rhetorical device/figure of speech） 1）对比（contrast/comparison）：白人和黑人受到的不同的对待 三、A clean well-lighted place 1、海明威的写作方法：极简主义Minimalism 、冰山原则Ice Principle、存在主义哲学理念Existentialist Ideal 1）文中只出现三个人物角色（no names）：young waiter 、old waiter ，and the old man
上外进修生活的回顾与体会 一、主要课程回顾： 1.精读课 上外的精读课的上课方式与我们学校的大致相同。期中前后各上4篇课文，以解释单词词组用法为主。不同的是老师比较注重我们同学对文章大意的把握与段落大意的把握。每次开始一篇课文老师都会先请同学概括文章大意，然后对文章进行分层，在细读段落时再请同学概括段落大意，且下一节课进行新内容前会再进行回顾。这一点一方面有助于我们同学理解课文，提高阅读能力；另一方面有利于提高口语表达能力与语言组织能力。 此外，每堂课上老师都会花费较长的时间就一个问题与同学们展开讨论，同学们通常都是坐在座位上各抒己见，整个课堂就像一个讨论小组。这里要指出的是上外的小教室大都把桌椅摆放成U字型，老师站在教室中间，与每个同学几乎保持相同的距离，可以进行面对面的交流。这种布置方式，个人觉得在很大程度上促进了互动。 精读老师爱好看书，所以为了引导我们多看课外读物，她都会针对课文的相关作家推荐一些书籍并带自己的书拿到课堂上传阅。这是我个人比较受用的方式。课上的阅读总是有限的，有的时候想在课外找一些外文书看，又有些漫无目的。老师的推荐就是为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们可以根据自己的兴趣选择走向更广阔的世界。 上外的精读考试考察课内的内容较多，除了paraphrase跟词性转换，它还考察对文章的理解，篇章翻译，单选题也主要考察课内的单词与搭配。所以，这就要求我们必须熟悉课文，吃透课文。而对课文进行这样的层层消化后，似乎也更容易将其内化成自己的东西，比如写作时候就会自然而然地运用文中的搭配，学着去模仿相应的句型。而我们学校的考试以课外的为主，这往往使我们只把精读课文当成学习固定搭配的工具而忽视文章的谋篇布局，行文方式以及对某一问题的思考角度这些更值得推敲与学习的东西。 2.写作课 作为高级写作课，老师不再根据体材强调布局上的规范化，而是更重视我们对某一问题的思考与探究，所以老师每周都会发一份阅读材料要求我们做课前阅读，然后在写作课上就这一话题进行讨论，最后将自己的想法用文字表达出来。阅读材料都是原版英语，有来自The Economist，Times，China Daily的时政评论，也有艾默生，梭罗等名家的作品，阅读
1. Life is a chess board. The chess-board is the world: the pieces are the phenomena of the universe; the rules of the game are what we call the laws of nature. The player on the other side is hidden from us. We know that his play is always fair, just and patient. But also we know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or makes the smallest allowance for ignorance. By Thomas Henry Huxley 棋盘宛如世界：一个个棋子仿佛世间的种种现象：游戏规则就是我们所称的自然法则。竞争对手藏于暗处，不为我们所见。我们知晓，这位对手向来处事公平，正义凛然，极富耐心。然而，我们也明白，这位对手从不忽视任何错误，或者因为我们的无知而做出一丝让步，所以我们也必须为此付出代价。 2. Best of times. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way. 这是一个最好的时代，也是一个最坏的时代；这是明智的年代，这是愚昧的年代；这是信任的纪元，这是怀疑的纪元；这是光明的季节，这是黑暗的季节；这是希望的春日，这是失望的冬日；我们面前应有尽有，我们面前一无所有；我们都将直下地狱…… 3. Great Expectations As the night was fast falling,and as the moon,being past the full,would not rise early,we held a little council:a short one,for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern we could find.So,they plied their oars once more,and I looked out for anything like a house.Thus we held on,speaking little,for four or five dull miles.It was very cold,and,a collier coming by us,with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring,looked like a comfortable home.The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning;and what light we had,seemed to come more from the river than the sky,as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars. 天黑得很快，偏巧这天又是下弦月，月亮不会很早升起。我们就稍稍商量了一下，可是也用不着多讨论，因为情况是明摆着的，再划下去我们一遇到冷落的酒店就得投宿。于是他们又使劲打起浆来，我则用心寻找岸上是否隐隐约约有什么房屋的模样。这样又赶了四五英里路，一路上好不气闷，大家简直不说一句话。天气非常冷，一艘煤船从我们近旁驶过，船上厨房里生着火，炊烟缕缕，火光荧荧，在我们看来简直就是个安乐家了。这时夜已透黑，看来就要这样一直黑到天明，我们仅有的一点光亮似乎不是来自天空，而是来自河上，一浆又一浆的，搅动着那寥寥几颗倒映在水里的寒星。 4. The doer of Deeds
03 Between persons of equal income there were no social distinction except the distinction of merit. Money is nothing. Character, conduct and capacity are everything.Instead of all the workers being leveled down____________________ all the rich leveled up to fashionable income standards,everybody under the system of equal incomes would find her and his natural level .There would be great people and ordinary people and little people.But the great would always be those_who had done great things and never_the indi____ whose mother had spoiled them and whose father had left a hundred thousand a year. And the little would be persons of small minds and mean characters.and not poor persons who had never had the chance.that is why the ____are always in favor of equality there were only chance________________________________.and the really great is in favor of equality 04 Great Expectations As the night was fast falling and as the moon being passing the fall would not rise early,we hadn’t seen the little castle, clearly lonely we could find . So they once more,and thing like house,thus we have down four or five down miles.It was very cold, coming with gallery fire smoking are flying look like comfortable home, door by this time would be until morning,and what like we had,
11．Frankness You must study to be frank with the world: frankness is the child of honesty and courage. Say just what you mean to do, on every occasion. If a friend asks a favor, you should grant it, if it is reasonable; if not, tell him plainly why you cannot. You would wrong him and wrong yourself by equivocation of any kind. Never do a wrong thing to make a friend or keep one. The man who requires you to do so is dearly purchased at a sacrifice. Deal kindly but firmly with all your classmates. You will find it the policy which wears best. Above all, do not appear to others what you are not. If you have any fault to find with any one, tell him, not others, of what you complain. There is no more dangerous experiment than that of undertaking to do one thing before a man's face and another behind his
英语名篇名段背诵精华(61-74) 61.Do You Fear the Wind DO YOU FEAR THE WIND? DO you fear the force of the wind, The slash of the rain? Go face them and fight them, Be savage again. Go hungry and cold like the wolf, Go wade like the crane: The palms of your hands will thicken, The skin of your cheek will tan, You'll grow ragged and weary and swarthy, But you'll walk like a man! ----Hamlin Garland 你畏惧风吗？ 你可害怕寒风凛冽, 你可畏惧大雨滂沱？ 去迎着风雨努力拼搏， 还你原始本色。 象狼一样去经受饥寒， 象鹤一般去跋涉河川： 你的手掌变得厚实粗壮， 你的脸庞晒得古铜发亮， 你会变得衣衫褴褛，皮肤黝黑，疲惫不堪， 但你步履沉稳，是个堂堂男子汉！ ----哈姆林·加兰 62.Hope Is the Thing with Feathers
Hope is the thing with feathers Hope" is the thing with feathers— That perches in the soul— And sings the tune without the words—And never stops—at all— And sweetest — in the Gale— is heart—And sore must be the storm— That could abash the little bird— That kept so many warm— I've heard it in the chilliest land— And on the strangest Sea— Yet, never, in Extremity, It asked a crumb — of me. ------Emily Dickinson 希望是鸟儿 希望是鸟儿， 在人们心灵栖居， 唱着无词的歌儿， 永无止息。 心灵是甜蜜的避风港 只有猛烈的风暴， 才能威胁希望， 这慰藉心灵的小鸟。 它歌唱在最寒冷的地方 最陌生的海洋 纵然身处绝境， 也不索取分毫。 ----爱米莉·狄更生 63.To Daffodils
英语名篇名段背诵精华28 The Americans The Americans Americans are a peculiar people. They work like mad, then give away much of what they earn. They play until they are exhausted, and call this a vacation. They live to think of themselves as tough-minded business men, yet they are push-overs for any hard luck story. They have the biggest of nearly everything including government, motor cars and debts, yet they are afraid of bigness. They are always trying to chip away at big government, big business, big unions, big influence. They like to think of themselves as little people, average men, and they would like to cut everything down to their own size. Yet they boast of their tall buildings, high mountains, long rivers, big state, the best country, the best world, the best heaven. They also have the most traffic deaths, the most waste, the most racketeering. When they meet, they are always telling each other, "Take it easy," then they rush off like crazy in opposite directions. They play games as if they were fighting a war, and fight wars as if playing a game. They marry more, go broke more often, and make more money than any other people. They love children, animals, gadgets, mother, work, excitement, noise, nature, television shows, comedy, installment buying, fast motion, spectator sports, the underdog, the flag, Christmas, jazz, shapely women and muscular men, classical recordings, crowds, comics, cigarettes, warm houses in winter and cool ones in summer, thick beefsteaks, coffee, ice cream, informal dress, plenty of running water, do-it-yourself, and a working week trimmed to forty hours or less. They crowd their highways with cars while complaining about the traffic, flock to movies and television while griping about the quality and the commercials, go to church but don‘t care much for sermons, and drink too much in the hope of relaxing － only to find themselves stimulated to even bigger dreams. There is of course, no typical American. But if you added them all together and then divided by 226 000 000 they would look something like what this chapter has tried to portray. excerpt:from Why We Behave Like Americans
A ·Animal Farm《动物庄园》·Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆·索亚历险记》 ·Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 《爱丽丝漫游奇境》 · Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《哈克贝利·弗恩历险记》 · A Room with a View《看得见风景的房间》 · A Christmas Carol《狄更斯：圣诞颂歌》 · A Room of One's Own《一间自己的房间》 · A Farewell To Arms《海明威：永别了，武器》·Age of Innocence《纯真年代》· A Tale of Two Cities《狄更斯：双城记》 ·A House for Mr.Biswas《毕斯瓦思先生之 屋》 · A Good Man Is Hard to Find《好人难寻》 · A Separate Peace《独自和解》· B ·Brave New World《美丽新世界》· C ·Call of Wild, The《野性的呼唤》·Catcher In The Rye, The《麦田守望者》 ·Complete Sherlock Holmes, The 《福尔摩斯全集》 · The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time《夜色中好奇的狗》 ·The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》·The Crucible《萨勒姆的女巫》·Coming up for Air《上来透口气》·Catch 22《第二十二条军规》·Cry, The Beloved Country《哭泣的大地》· D ·Death of a Salesman《销售员之死》·The Diary of a Nobody《小人物日记》 ·David Copperfield《狄更斯：大卫·科波菲尔》 · E ·Emma《爱玛》·Essays, The《培根论说集》 F ·Far from the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》 ·Fahrenheit 451《华氏451度》 ·Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, The 《鲁滨逊漂流记续集》 ·Frankenstein《弗兰肯斯坦》 ·The French Lieutenant's Woman 《法国中尉的女人》 · G ·Gone with the Wind《飘》·Gulliver's Travels《格列佛游记》·Great Expectations《狄更斯：远大前程》 · H ·Handmaid's Tale, The《女仆的故事》· J ·Jane Eyre《简·爱》·Jungle Book《丛林日记》
英文名篇-青春 太平洋战争打得正酣之时，麦克阿瑟将军常常从繁忙中抬起头，注视着挂在墙上的镜框，镜框里是篇文章，名为《青春》。这篇文章一直伴随着他，也跟着他到了日本。后来，日本人在东京的美军总部发现了它，《青春》便开始在日本流传。 一位资深的日本问题观察家说，在日本实业界，只要有成就者，没有哪一个不熟知不应用这篇美文的，就连松下电器的创始人松下幸之助几十年来也把《青春》当作他的座右铭。 还有这么一件趣事，足以证明《青春》在日本的魅力。一天，美国影片销售协会主席罗森菲尔德参加日本实业界的聚会，晚宴之前的谈话，他随意说了一句：“《青春》的作者，便是我的祖父。”在座的各位实业界领袖大为惊讶，其中有一位一边激动地说“我一直随身带着它呢”，一边从口袋里掏出了《青春》。 《青春》是怎样的一篇文章，它怎就这么神奇？ Comments by 鱼化石：强烈建议将该文背诵，无论英文和译文。后附的译文是我见过的译文中最美的，可谓与原文互为辉映，令人赞叹不已。如此佳作，不敢私藏，献与诸位共赏。可惜不知译作者为何人，引为撼事。我在网上还曾经看到过一些类似的译文，是某些好事者在该译文的基础上根据自己对原文的理解自作聪明地进行了一些改动，却往往词不达意，破坏了原译文的意境，犹如无瑕的白璧上非要镶一块金子，以显该人的富足，不伦不类，令人啼笑皆非，后来者慎之。 YOUTH Samuel Ullman Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. Youth means a tempera-mental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals. Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spring back to dust.
课外必读书目 序号书名作者出版社 出版 年份 ISBN号 1 英语名篇名段背诵 精华 余健明等编华东理工大学出版社2008 7562823170/9787562823179 2 Little Women by Louisa M. Alcott Signet Classics 2004 451529308 3 Pride and Prejudice Jane. Austen 中央编译出版社2008 7802117321/9787802117327 4 Jane Eyre Charlotte. Bronte Words worth Editions Ltd 1992 9781853260209 5 Wuthering Heights Emily.Bronte Words worth Editions Ltd 1992 9781853260018 6 Robinson Crusoe Daniel Defoe Words worth Editions Ltd 1997 1853260452 7 The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes Arthur Conan Doyle Words worth Editions Ltd 1992 1853260339 8 The Great Gats by Scott F. Fitzgerald Words worth Editions Ltd 1992 185326041X 9 The Quiet American Greene, Graham Penguin Classics 2004 143039024 10 A Farewell to Arms Ernest Hemingway Arrow Books Ltd 1994 99910101 11 Tales from Shakespeare Charles Lamb and Mary Lamb Penguin Books 1998 140621598 12 Martin Eden Jack London Penguin Books 1994 140187723 13 The Call of the Wild Jack London Words worth Editions Ltd 1992 1853260266 14 Tales of Mystery and Imagination Poe, Edgar Allan Collector's Library 2009 1904633137 15 当代英国概况肖惠云上海外语教育出 版社 2003 7-81080-898-2 /H.310 16 Treasure Island Robert Louis. Stevenson NTC/Contemporary Publishing Company 1998 9781853261039 17 Gulliver's Travels Jonathan Swift Words worth Editions Ltd 1992 1853260274/9781853260278 18 The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain Dover Publications Inc. 1994 486280616 19 The Adventures of Tom S awyer Mark Twain Simon & Schuster 2001 689842244 20 The Happy Oscar Wilde Words worth Editions 1993 1853261238
从英文名篇“生命的追求”谈英文背诵方法 有朋友问我，英文much to live for应该如何理解呢？ 我将之理解为“生命的追求”。这也是我的首篇背诵名篇的题名。后在网上看到有人写了一篇短文，后半部分非常完美地引用了该文，故惠存于空间日志之中。 朋友又问，其实背诵英文名篇到底又有何用处呢？ 怎么说呢，我认为背诵英文名篇和背诵古文名篇应该有异曲同工之妙吧，自然是有很多好处的。首先精典名篇通常都是后人经过精心挑选出来的，无论是篇中文笔还是名家思想的意境自然都无以伦比、为世人所倾，轻轻慢读之际，既有如流动音符般的异国语言的美感，背诵的同时也是一个极佳的学习的过程。其次是名篇中不乏一些精彩的人生感悟或对人生美景的细致描写，值得自己深切体会。三是名篇中存在大量极佳的对偶句、平行句、排比句、对比句、虚拟句，通过学习，对自己的英文写作水平也会有很大提升。四是通过原汁原味（而非译文）的阅读，还可以帮助你对不同国度、不同时代背景的作家有更深入的了解，更能深切感受作者写作时的浪漫主义情怀以及深刻的哲学思想。当然，还有一点是比较重要的，就是背诵的同时还可以帮助你打发一些无聊的时光，不至于让你整晚都显得无所事事、不学无术、游手好闲。嘿嘿！而且还可以帮助我放松老大、老二对我学习方面的念叨和监管，让我可以 从小忙中偷得半生闲，看看小说，跑跑小步，会会朋友，游山玩水。此女果然没什么远大理想啊！ 朋友再问又该如何背诵英文名篇呢？还真是不耻下问了呀。但这个问题却问得很好。 其实我也没什么特别的方法，如果是遇到生词，那么我会先根据它的发音规则试试发音和猜测词义，然后再查词典并进行纠正，然后就有了第一次的印象；其次是做好笔记，把生词、发音以及词义抄下来，然后就有了第二次的印象；三是朗读，多读几遍，甚至几十遍，读到顺口为止，此时便有了第三次的印象；四是整句进行默写，通过全句来带动对生词的理解，然后你便有了第四次的印象。 如果此时你遇到了一个完全没有规则或者根本无法望词生义的特难生词，我还有一个很笨却很有用的方法帮助你记住它。那就是你把这个词大声读上100遍，连读边写，也是100遍，这个单词就算再长你都能记住它。不过，我这里说的100遍，并不是一个比喻词，而是一个真实的数字。边读边划“正”字也是我以前读书时的一个笨笨方法，当你划满20个正字时， 就代表你已经读到100遍了。如果还没效果，你还可以再念100遍！这个方法有没有用 试试就知道了，但对我却是百试百灵的。所以可见，古人说勤能补掘，这句话其实是很有道理的。 刚才说的是生词的记忆。那么对通常短文又该如何记忆呢。我有一个比较有意思的背诵时间，那就是我比较喜欢在洗澡前开始背诵短文，这样就可以在冲入洗澡房后边洗边背了，而且通常是随着流水的声音非常欢快地大声背诵，就如同平时在澡房大声唱歌一样，越背越起劲，越背越兴奋。遇到想不起来的句子时还会自言自语骂自己几句，再狠狠地搓几下衣服，晃晃
1.You Are What You Do Mayling soong If the past has taught us anything, it is that every cause brings effect - every action has a consequence. This thought, in my opinion, is the moral foundation of the universe; it applies equally in this world and the next. We Chinese have a saying: “If a man plants melons, he will reap melons; if he sows beans, he will reap beans.”And this is true of every man’s life: good begets good；and evil leads to evil. True enough, the sun shines on the saint and sinner alike, and too often it seems that the wicked wax and prosper. But we can say with certitude that, with the individual as with the nation, the flourishing of the wicked is an illusion, for, unceasingly, life keeps books on us all. In the end, we are all the sum total of our actions. Character cannot be counterfeited, nor can it be put on and cast off as if it were a garment to meet the whim of the moment. Like the markings on wood which are ingrained in the very heart of the tree, character requires time and nurture for growth and development. Thus also, day by day, we write our own destiny, for inexorably we become what we do. This, I believe, is the supreme logic and the law of life. 2. I promise myself I promise myself…. To be so strong that nothing can disturb my peace of mind. To talk health, happiness, and prosperity to every person I meet. To make all my friends feel that there is something worthwhile in them. To look at the sunny side of everything and make my optimism come true. To think only of the best, to work only for the best and to expect only the best. To be just as enthusiastic about the success of others as I am about my own. To forget the mistakes of the past and press on to the greater achievements of the future. To wear a cheerful expression at all times and give a smile to every living creature I meet. To give so much time to improving myself that I have no time to criticize others. To be too large for worry, too noble for anger, too strong for fear, and too happy to permit the presence of trouble. To think well of myself and to proclaim this fact to the world, not in loud words, but in great deeds. To live in the faith that the whole world is on my side, so long as I am true to the best that is in me. 3. Choice of Companions By William Makepeace Thayer A good companion is better than a fortune, for a fortune cannot purchase those elements of character, which make companionship a blessing. The best companion is one who is wiser and