7A语法总结
一、一般现在时
第一，动词be 的三变化am is are. 我（I）用am ,你（you）用are ,is 用于他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is,复数名词都用are
句型结构：
1、肯定句：主语+am\is\are … It is a football.
2、否定句：主语+am\is\are+not… It is not a football.
3、一般疑问句：Am\Is\Are+主语+其他？
Is it a football? 回答Yes, it is. No, it isn’t
4、特殊疑问句：疑问句+am/is/are +主语+其他？
What’s your name?
用be 动词的适当形式填空
1、She ________ my cousin. Her name _______ Li Jie.
2、Tom and I ________ good friends
3、What _____ this in English？It ______ a book
4、________ you Jack? Yes, I _______
5、What ________ those? They ______ his notebooks.
第二，行为动词的一般现在时
行为动词的一般现在时的构成：主语+行为动词+（其他）
当主语为第三人称单数（he, she, it）时，谓语动词也要用单数形式。
用好一般现在时，时间状态需牢记;
主语人称是三单，动词要把-s/-es 添；
基本用法要记清，状态习惯经常性。
行为动词的一般现在时的变化
1.否定句：主语+ don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形+其他
I don’t like bread.
He doesn’t often play football.
2.一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语+动词原形+其他
Do you often play football? Yes, I am /No, I am not
Does he often play football? Yes, he does/ No, he doesn’t
3、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？
When do you go to school? I go to school at seven o’clock.
动词的三单形式的变化：
动词三单现在时，一般在词尾加S
S,x,ch,sh,在词尾，直接加上-es
词尾若是字母o ,加上-es 不用愁。
词尾是“辅音字母+y” ,先变y为i, 后边再加-es
巩固练习：
用动词的适当形式填空
1.I like ____________ (swim).
2.He _________(read) English every day.
3.We _________(go)to school at seven in the morning.
4.Mike________(go)to school at seven in the morning.
5.My mother________(like) ______(go) shopping.
6.I can ________(draw) many beautiful pictures.
7.She_________(make) a model plane.
8.Do you ________(like)_________(run)?
9.Does he_________(like)_________(jump) ?
10.Does Nancy_________(grow)flowers on Saturday ?
11.The teachers________(like)___________(dance).
12.The teacher________(like)____________(dance).
13.The students___________(speak) English in class.
14.The student_________(speak) Chinese after class.
15. Let's____________and play football . ( go )
二、人称代词
人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.
We/You/They are students.
人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。
Give it to me.??Let’s go (let’s =let us)
三、物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。
形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词
而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：
Is this your book? No,，it isn’t，it’s hers(her book)
This pen is mine.
巩固练习：
1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )
2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )
3.What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its)
4. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )
5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )
6. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )
7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )
8.Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with____ and helps
____ with______ lessons. ( she )
9. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at English . ( his )
10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )
11. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )
12. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you )
13. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ . ( she )
14.Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ ( he ) dog and ____ ( I ) had a fight (打架).
15. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )
四，介词
in一般在“上午”“下午”“晚上”，还有时间段，年、月、季节；
On 指特定的某一天，日期，星期和具体的节日
At 用在时刻前，还有正午，午夜和表示一段时间的节日
巩固练习：
1.?Children?get?gifts?____?Christmas?and?____?their?birthdays.?
A.?on;?on?????
B.?at;?on????
C.?in;?in????
D.?in;?on??
2.----There?is?nothing?____tomorrow?afternoon,?is?there??
-----No.?We?can?have?a?game?of?table?tennis.??
A.?on???????
B.?in??????
C.?out?????
D.?up??
?3.?A?lot?of?students?in?our?school?were?born____March,?1981.?
A.?in????????
B.?at????????
C.?on??????
D.?since??
?4.?He?suddenly?returned____?a?rainy?night.?
A.?on??????
B.?at??????
C.?in??????
D.?during??
5.?My?grandfather?was?born____Oct.?10,?1935.?
A.?on???????
B.?in???????
C.?at????????
D.?of??
6.?The?train?is?starting___five?minutes.?
A.?in????????
B.?at??????
C.?for???????
D.still??
7.?Mike?does?his?exercises?____?seven?_____?the?evening.
?A.?on;?to????????B.?at;?in????????C.?by;?of???????D.?at;?on??
8.?Children?wake?up?very?early____the?morning?of?Christmas?Day.?
A.?in?????????
B.?on????????
C.?for???????
D.?at??
?9.?____?a?cold?winter?morning,?I?met?her?in?the?street.?
A.?In????????
B.?On???????
C.?At???????
D.?For??
10?.It?happened?to?be?very?cold____?the?morning?of?our?sports?meeting.?
A.?at????????
B.?on????????
C.?with??????
D.?of??
11.?Why?did?you?get?up?so?early?___?this?morning.?
A.?on????????
B.?/????????
C.?at????????
D.?in??
12.?He?went?to?Shanghai___?September?3rd,?1991?and?came?back___?a?cold?morning ?last?year.?
A.?in;?on???????
B.?on;?in???????
C.?on;?on???????
D.?in;?in??
13.?Lucy?was?born____?the?night?of?May?12,?1984.?.?...?
A.?on??????????
B.?in?????????
C.?at?????????
D.?to??
14.?Mrs.?Brown?came?to?China?____?1996
A.on?????????
B.?of?????????
C.?to,????????
D.?in??
15?___?the?morning?of?November?20,?1915,?the?workers?came?to?Chicago?to?show?th eir?mourning?of?Joe?Hill.?
A.?On????????
B.?In?????????
C.?On???????
D.?At
五、频度副词
从频率最大到频率最小依次为：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never.
对频率副词提问要用how often
巩固练习：
1. -Does Alice often work until 2 a.m.?
-No, she ________ does.
A. nearly
B. certainly
C. seldom
D. always
2.–I didn’t know you take a bus to school.
-Oh, I ______ take a bus, but it is snowing today.
A. hardly
B. never
C. sometimes
D. usually
3. -Were you often late for school last term, Tom?
-No, _______. I got to school early every day.
A. Always
B. Usually
C. Sometimes
D. Never
4.–How often do you go to a concert?
-_______ ever. I’m not interested in that at all.
A. Usually
B. Hardly
C. Almost
5. -John sings so well. Has he ever been trained?
-No. He learns all by himself. He ________ goes to any training class.
A. usually
B. often
C. never
D. even
6.–Miss Gao is very popular with her students.
-Yes. Her classes are ______ lively and interesting.
A. seldom
B. never
C. sometimes
D. always
7.We are going to have a party ________ next week.
A. sometime
B. some time
C. sometimes
D. some times
8. Sandy is so careful that she ________ makes mistakes in her homework.
A. usually
B. seldom
C. often
D. Always
9.—Please drive ______ when you pass a school.
—OK.
A. nearly
B. early
C. slowly
D. really
10.—Have you ever been to Disneyland?
—No, ______.I hope I can go there next year.
A. always
B. sometimes
C. never
D. often
11.—How often do the students play sports?
A. Twice a day
B. Since last night
C. For two hours
D. A month ago
12. I play basketball every day because I want to play as ______ as Yao Ming.
A. well
B. better
C. best
13. Mike hurt his back seriously and can_____ get out of bed without help.
A. quickly
B. easily
C. nearly
D. hardly
14.— Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?
—No, I go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive.
A.hardly
B. nearly
C. still
D. Only
15. — How often do you exercise?
—ever. Because I am very busy with my work.
A. Hardly
B. Nearly
C. Always
D. Almost
六、特殊疑问句
语法：特殊疑问句
定义：特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一部分提问的疑问句，以疑问词开头
结构：特殊疑问句的基本结构
疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词
特殊疑问词分类：
疑问代词有：what（什么）, which（哪一个）, who（谁）, whose（谁的）
疑问副词有：where（哪里）, when（什么时候）, why（为什么）, how（怎么样）
疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配，构成疑问词短语，
如：what time（什么时间）, what colour（什么颜色）, how many（多少）, how much （多少，多少钱）how long（多长）, how often（多久一次）, how old（几岁）, how tall（多高）
巩固练习：
1．They bought a new bike yesterday.
____________________________________________________
2．She is my teacher.
____________________________________________________
3．It is my coat .
____________________________________________________
4．I get up at six .
____________________________________________________
5．I am from Hubei .
____________________________________________________
6．I went to school late because I got up late.
____________________________________________________
7. They boy under the tree is Jack.
____________________________________________________
8. The yellow cat is Sammy?
____________________________________________________
9. There are six boxes on the desk?
____________________________________________________
10. It is windy .
_____________________________________________________
11. There are six boxes on the desk?
____________________________________________________
12. My bag is red .
______________________________________________________
13. The book is Li Hua’s.
______________________________________________________
15. They are five yuan .
______________________________________________________
八，冠词的用法
定冠词a，an 的用法
元音因素前用“an” an hour 一个小时 a useful book 一本有用的书
巩固练习：
1.?I?read?______story.?It?is?______interesting?story.?
??A.?a,?an??????????B.?a,?a??????????C.?the,?the??????????D.?/,?an?
2.?Britain?is?__?European?country?and?China?is?___?Asian?country.??
?A.?an,?an?????????B.?a,?a??????????C.?a,?an????????????D.?an,?a?
3.?______China?is?_____?old?country?with?_____?long?history.?
??A.?The,?an,?a??????B.?The,?a,?a???????C.?/,?an,?the????????D.?/,?an,?a?
4.?_____elephant?is?bigger?than?______?horse.?
??A.?/,?/????????????B.?an,?a??????????C.?An,?a???????????D.?/,?the?
5.?We?always?have?______rice?for?______lunch.?
??A.?/,?/????????????B.?the,?/??????????C.?/,?a????????????D.?the,?the?
6.?It?took?me?______?hour?and?_____?half?to?finish?______?work.???
A.?a,?a,?a??????????
B.?an,?a,?a????????
C.?an,?a,?the???????
D.?an,?a,?/?
7.?______?doctor?told?me?to?take?______?medicine?three?times?______day,?stay?in?__ ___bed,?then?I?would?be?better?soon.?
??A.?/,?a,?a,?the???????B.?A,?the,?the,?/?????C.?The,?the,?a,?/????D.?A,?/,?a,?/?
8.?There?is?____?picture?on?____?wall.?I?like?____?picture?very?much.??
?A.?a,?the,?the???????B.?a,?the,?a???????C.?the,?a,?a????????D.?a,?an,?the?
9.?January?is?______first?month?of?the?year.?
??A.?a??????????????B.?/?????????????C.?an????????????D.?the?
10.?Shut?_____door,?please.?
??A.?a??????????????B.?an????????????C.?the????????????D./?
11.?Einstein?won?_____?Nobel?Prize?in?Physics?in?1921.?
??A.?a???????????????B.?an???????????C.?the????????????D.?/
?12.?What?____?fine?day?it?is?today!?Let's?go?to?the?Summer?Palace.?
??A.?a???????????????B.?an????????????C.?the???????????D.?/?
13.?I?like?music,?but?I?don't?like?____?music?of?that?TV?play.???
A.?a???????????????
B.?an????????????
C.?the???????????
D.?/
?14.?____?girl?over?there?is?____?English?teacher.?
??A.?The,?an??????????B.?A,?/???????????C.?The,?/?????????D.?A,?a?
15.?It's?____?exciting?way?to?shop?on?the?Net.?
??A.?a???????????????B.?an?????????????C.?the???????????D.?/?
七，不定代词的运用
Some 用于肯定句any 用于一般疑问句和否定句
巩固练习：
用some和any填空.?
1.??????I?have?_____________good?friends?in?my?class.?
2.??????Is?there?____________water?in?the?bottle???
3.??????Do?you?have?____________________money???
4.They?don’t?have?______________time?to?go?there.?
5.There?are?________________cakes?on?the?table.
6.I?don’t?have?__________________milk?for?breakfast.?
7.Does?he?have?______________brothers?or?sisters??
8.There?aren’t?_____________pictures?on?the?wall.?
9.Can?I?ask?____________________questions???
10.??Are?there?________flowers?in?you?classroom????
No,?there?aren’t?_________.?
11.??We?have?____________apples,?but?we?don’t?have?____________pears.?
12.??Is?there?__________orange?juice?in?the?fridge???Yes,?there?is?____________.?
13.??I?can?speak?____________English,?but?I?can’t?speak?___________Russian.?
14.??Do?they?have?____________color?pencil???No,?they?don’t?have?___________.?
15.??There?isn’t?____________meat?at?home.?I?must?go?and?buy?____________.? There is +可数名词单数/不可数名词
There are +可数名词复数形式
巩固练习：
1.There ______ any rice in the bowl.
A. are
B. Is
C. isn’t
D. aren’t
2. There ______ many apples on the tree last year.
A. have been
B. were
C. are
D. is
3. There ______ a film tomorrow evening.
A. will have
B. have
C. is going to be
D. has
4. There is some milk in the bottle, ______?
A. isn’t there
B. aren’t there
C. isn’t it
D. are there
5. how many boys ______ there in the Class One?
A. be
B. is
C. are
D. am
6. There ______ a lot of good news in today’s newspaper.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
7. There ______ pencil-box, and some flowers on the desk.
A. is a
B. are some
C. has a
D. have some
8. There ______ an apple and ten bananas in the basket.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. have
9. ______ any flowers on both sides of the street?
A. Is there
B. Are there
C. Has
D. Have
10. There is little water n the glass, ______?
A. isn’t there
B. isn’t it
C. is it
D. is there
11. What did you see in the basket then? There ______ a bottle of orange and some oranges.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
12. ______ is there on the table?
A. How many apples
B. How much bread
C. How much breads
D. How many food.
13.There ______ something wrong with our classroom.
A. are
B. has
C. is
D. have
14.There is some ______ on the table.
A. apple
B. orange
C. cake
D. sandwich
15. There is little water in the glass, ______?
A. isn’t there
B. isn’t it
C. is it
D. is there
八、现在进行时
1.定义：现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。
2.标志词：(1) 时间状语now 、at the moment
(2) 句前有提示词look 、listen 、look at …
3.谓语动词的构成：be +动词-ing
现在分词构成口诀
现在分词很好记，动词后缀-ing。直接加、去e加、双写加。
还有一点要注意ie要用y来替。
现在进行时用法口诀
主语在前be在后，现在分词跟着走，其他成分不可丢。
变一般很简单，把be 提到句子前，否定句也不难，be后要把not添。还有一点要注意，动作提问doing替。
巩固练习：
1._____friend's making______a kite.
(A)I,me (B)My,my
(C)My,me (D)His,his
2.Is the woman ______ yellow your teacher?
(A)in (B)putting on
(C)wearing (D)having
3.Look!The twins_____their mother do the housework.
(A)are wanting (B)help
(C)are helping (D)are looking翰林汇
4._____are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree.
(A)Who (B)What
(C)How (D)Where
5.Is she____something?
(A)eat (B)eating
(C)eatting (D)eats
6.They are_____their clothes.
(A)makeing (B)putting
(C)put away (D)putting on
7.Listen! She____in the classroom.
(A)is singing (B)sing
(C)to sing (D)is sing
8.Today Jim______ his white shirt and brown trousers.
(A)is putting on (B)wear
(C)put on (D)is wearing
9.______are you eating?I'm eating______meat.
(A)What,some (B)Which,any
(C)Where,not (D)What,a
10.They______TV in the evening.They do their homework.
(A)are watching (B)can't watching
(C)don't watch (D)don't watching
11.The children_____football.
(A)is playing (B)are playing
(C)play the (D)play a
12.They are flying kites.
(A)他们喜欢放风筝. (B)他们在放风筝吗?
(C)他们在放风筝. (D)他们常放风筝.
13.Here are many books. Please_____them.
(A)look (B)write
(C)count (D)taking
14.Look,They are swimming in the river.
I want_____you.
(A)to go with (B)go with
(C)helping (D)help
15.Look.Lucy is_____a new bike today.
(A)jumping (B)running
(C)riding (D)taking
补充： 1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 1.in,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 5.some和any的用法 6.There be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时：will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s，mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 7.can,could,may的用法 8.What 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法，在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法，most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法
小升初英语必备知识点汇总 一、小学英语形容词性物主代词 1、形容词性物主代词8个： My your his her its our your their 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、形容词性物主代词的特点： 1)译成汉语都有"的" eg:my 我的their 他们的 2)后面加名词：eg:my backpack his name 3)前后不用冠词a an the This is a my eraser(错误) That is your a pen(错误) It's his the pen(错误) 3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our 注：在变物主代词时，把原题所给的词加上的，再译成单词就可以了。 二、小学英语名词性物主代词 1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个： Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、名词性物主代词的特点： 1)译成汉语都有"的" 2)后面不加名词 3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 Eg:1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen) 三、小学英语单数的句子变成复数的句子 把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单：变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数，但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。 Eg:把下列句子变成复数 1, I have a car ----we have cars 2, He is an American boy. ----They are American boys 3, It is a car ----They are cars 4,This is an eraser ----These are erasers 5,That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks 6,I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers 7,It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts 8,He's a boy ----They are boys
牛津译林英语语法名词练习 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. map__________ girl__________ pen____________ bag_________ car__________ 2. bus__________ brush__________ watch__________ box__________ 3. baby__________ city__________ country__________ 4. hero__________ potato__________ zoo___________ tomato_________ photo_________ 5. knife__________ leaf___________ wolf__________ wife____________ life__________ 6. child__________ foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________ 7. German__________ Englishman__________ Chinese_________ Japanese_________ 8. deer__________ sheep__________ 二、单项选择 ( )1.There are twenty __________ in our hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor ( )2.__________ are usually careful in doing exercises. A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls’ students D. Girl’s students ( )3. Julie went to the __________ to buy a pair of shoes. A. shoes store B. shoe’s store C. shoe store D. shoes’ store ( )4.We haven’t got much __________ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? A. apple B. tomato C. bread D. banana ( )5.He knows __________ Chinese and has __________ Chinese friends. A. much, many B. many, much C. much, much D. many, many ( )6.---Would you like some _______________? --Oh, yes, just a little. A. pears B. oranges C. milk D. grapes ( )7. There are many ________________ in the fridge. A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread ( )8. Don’t hurry! We still have _____________ time left. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few ( )9. There is __________milk and __________apples in the fridge. Let’s get some. A. little, a few B. little, few C. a little. few D. few. a little ( )10.I’ve read ______________ sports news about the F1 race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of ( )11.I think it is a wonderful ________________________. A. work B. information C. idea D. news ( )12. How many __________ did you have for breakfast? A. loaves of bread B. loaves of breads C. loafs of bread D. loaf of bread ( )13. He bought ________________ yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe ( )14. This is ______________ room. A. Tom and Mary’s B. Tom’s and Mary’s C. Tom’s and Mary D. Tom and Mary ( )15.__________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu. A. Li Lei and Lucy’s B.Li Lei’s and Lucy’s C. Li Lei and Lucy D. Li Lei and Lucy ( )16.__________ came to visit us this morning. A.My father friend B. friend of my father C. A friend of my father’s D. One of my father’s friend ( )17.It’s only ten _______________ walk from here. A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minutes’s ( )18. Tom won the boys’ ______________ race in our school sports meeting. A. 15000-metre B.15000-metres C.15000-metre’s D.1500 meters ( )19. Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my _____________. A. sister B. sister’s C. sisters’s D. sisters' ( )20. You must finish the work in________________. A. three weeks time B. three weeks’ time C. three week’s time D. three-weeks time
小升初语法知识汇总 1.名词单数变复数 名词单数变复数，词尾变化是关键，一般情况直接加s，以s,x,o（有生命的要加es，无生命的要加s）,ch,sh结尾要加es,辅音字母加y结尾把y变i再加es Eg: orange--oranges, bus--buses, box--boxes, tomato--tomatoes(有生命的), photo--photos（无生命的），watch--watches（手表）, dish--dishes ,baby--babies 2.动词原形变三单 动词变为三单式，一般情况直接加s，以s,x,o,ch,sh结尾要加es，辅音字母加y结尾把y 变i再加es. Eg: walk--walks, relax--relaxes(放松), watch--watch（观看），brush--brushes （刷），try--tries(尝试) 3.动词变为现在分词 动词变为现在分词，一般情况直接加ing，以e结尾去e再加ing, 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾双写末尾辅音再加ing eg: go--going, make--making, run--running, 4.动词变为过去式 动词变为过去式，一般情况直接加ed，以e结尾直接加d，以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾双写末尾辅音再加ed，辅音字母加y结尾把y变i再加ed ,不规则动词特殊记。Eg: jump--jumped, live--lived, stop--stopped, try--tried 5.基数词变序数词 基数词变序数词，一，二，三特殊记，一（first）,二（second）,三（third），从四起要加th，八加h，九去e，ve要用f替，整十ty结尾要变tie再加th，几十几，只变几。 Eg: eight--eighth, nine--ninth, twelve--twelfth, thirty--thirtieth, twenty-one--twenty-first 6.形容词原级变比较级 形容词变比较级，一般词尾直接加er，以e结尾直接加r，以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾双写末尾辅音再加er，辅音字母加y结尾把y变i再加er Eg: tall--taller, thin--thinner, heavy--heavier 7.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之间的区别与联系 共同点：中文意思都是一样的（某人的） 不同点：名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词+名词，形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，用放于句首或句中，而名词性物主代词放于句末。 Eg: His(形容词性物主代词) bag is blue.--The blue bag is his(名词性物主代词）. 8.如何做句型转换 变一般疑问句：变一般be提前，如无be，do,does要来替，其他动词现原形。 Eg: I am a student.---Are you a student? She has two friends.---Does she have two friends? 变否定句：变否定，not紧跟be后面，若无be，do,does要来替，其他动词现原形。 Eg: Alice is a lovely girl.--Alice isn’t a lovely girl. Alice wants to play with her dog. --Alice doesn’t want to play with her dog, 变特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 变特殊，特殊疑问词放句首，问做什么用what...do，问地点用where，问时间要用when，问人物要用who，问身体和交通要用how，问数量how many，问价格how much，问哪一个用which，问身高how tall，问体重how heavy，问某人的用whose，牢记特殊疑问词，不忘特殊疑问句。Eg: He goes home at 7. When does he go home?
牛津译林英语7年级上册 各单元语法知识汇总及练习 Unit 1 动词Be的一般现在时 be动词有人称和数方面的变化。对于动词be，不管是在肯定句、否定句还是一般疑问句中都起着非常重要的作用。下面分别介绍动词be的一些特定用法。 一、be动词的意义 动词be (am, is, are)说明身份、年龄、状态等 I am a student. I am 13 years old. I’m very healthy. 二、be动词的人称变化： 第一人称I，后面的动词用am; 第三人称he/she/it, 后面的动词用is; 第一人称复数we, 第二人称you, 第三人称复数they，后面的动词用are. 如果主语是代词，非正式行文中，Be与前面的主语可以缩写： I am=I'm You are=You're She is=She's He is=He's It is=It's We are=We're They are=They're 非正式行文中，is/are 与not可以缩写。例：is not=isn't are not=aren't 主要句式： 1. 肯定句式主语＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)＋其他。 2. 否定句式主语＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)＋not＋其他。 3. 一般疑问句将be( ____\ ___\ ___)提前,即:Be( ____\ ___\ ___)＋主语＋其他？（第一人称变为第二人称） 肯定回答：Yes,主语（必须是_____词）＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)（主语和Be动词不能缩写）否定回答：No,主语（必须是_____词）＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)＋not（必须缩写____\ _____）肯定：It is a book. →否定：It is not a book. /It isn’t a book. I am a student. →否定：I am not a student. /I’m not a student. You are my friend. →否定：Yo u are not my friend. /You aren’t my friend. 一般疑问句：回答一般疑问句时，主语必须是代词 肯定：I am a student. → 一般疑问：Are you a student? She is from China. → 一般疑问：Is she from China? They are nurses. → 一般疑问： My book is on the table. → 一般疑问： John 是中国人吗？→ 一般疑问： 这本书有趣吗？→ 一般疑问： 一、用am, is, are 填空 1. I _____ a student. 2. You ____ a doctor. 3. ____she from Jinan?
小学英语知识点汇总 一、名词复数规则 1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es， 如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数 I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______ child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______ man______ woman_______ 二、一般现在时 1.一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。
牛津译林版七年级上册英语各单元语法知识点复习提纲 Unit1 Dream homes 【重点词汇】 1. share share作及物动词，意为“分享”。常用结构:share sth. with sb.意为“和某人合用某物;和某人分享某物”。如: I'm afraid you have to share a table with others. 我恐怕你得和别人合用一张桌子。 I often share my snacks with my classmates. 我经常和同学分享零食。 2. dream dream作名词时，意为“梦，梦想”；作形容词时，意为“理想的，不切实际的”；作动词时，意为“做梦”，常用于结构:dream of/about...(梦到……)或dream of/ about doing sth.梦想做某事。如: Millie has a dream to have a big house 米莉梦想拥有一幢大房子 My dream house is a house with a big garden. 我梦寐以求的房子是一幢带有大花园的房子。 I dreamed of my English teacher last night. 我昨晚梦到了我的英语老师 Amy dreams of being a singer when she grows up. 埃米梦想长大后成为一名歌手。 3. own own作形容词.意为“自己的，属于自己的”，常和形容词性物主代词连用，构成短语of one's
own，表示“属于某人自己的”，on one's own = alone，意为“独自地”。own作动词时，表示“拥有”。如: I have my own computer 我有属于我自己的电脑。 That's a car of her own. 那是她自己的汽车。 He lives on his own. 他一个人生活。 All of the teachers in our school own computers. 我们学校所有的老师都有电脑。 【拓展】owner是own的名词形式，意为“主人”。 4. invite invite作动词.意为“邀请”，常用于结构:invite sb. to+地点，意为“邀请某人去……”; invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。如: I want to invite Jim to my birthday party. 我想邀请吉姆参加我的生日晚会。 Thank you for inviting me to visit your new home. 谢谢你邀请我参观你的新家。 【拓展】invitation是invite的名词形式，意为“(口头或书面的)邀请”，单词的读音以元音音素开头，故要和冠词an连用。常用结构:an invitation to..., 意为“……的邀请”。 5. stay stay作不及物动词，意为“停留，逗留”;作连系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)”，相当于keep; stay还可作名词，意为“停留，逗留”。如: He often stays at home on Sundays. 他周日经常待在家里。
小升初英语必备知识点总结在升初中的英语考试中，重点中学所出的小升初英语考试题，都会对学生提出更高的要求，主要的知识点总结为以下几个方面： 1、词汇量：一般重点中学的小升初英语考试，都要求学生具有2000到3000的词汇量，而且要求学生能读、能听懂这些单词，甚至要求孩子会拼写。很多孩子认为小升初英语考试卷中的英文奥数题比较难，主要障碍就是很多单词不会，这样扣分之后，跟其他孩子就有差距了。所以这里为大家提供了一些专家研究的单词记忆法，希望对大家有用。克服小升初英语单词记不住的速记方法小升初孩子记忆英语单词8个方法 2、语法：小升初英语考试需要孩子有扎实的语法功底，要求孩子做单选题、语法题不会错。 3、实际运用能力：知识学到手会用才是关键。 小升初英语阅读题中，主要考察孩子的还是词汇搜索的能力，就是需要孩子看到问题之后，会返回原文找答案，并选出正确的答案。 摘要写作中，需要孩子能根据问题来写文章，主要考察的是孩子的连词成句能力。 英文奥数题中，孩子不仅要学会猜测不认识的单词含义，还要具备翻译题目的能力，然后解题。 学生具有2000到3000的词汇量是不够的，还需要孩子有拓展的词汇量。例如：free 这个词，意思是自由等，但是在free sugar中，free就不是自由的意思了，这个词组的意思是无糖的。 （一）小升初英语语法
一、名词复数规则 1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 二、一般现在时 1.一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。 2.一般现在时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。 3.在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。 4.在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn’t)，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (don’t)，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。 动词+s的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes,
7A语法总结 一、一般现在时 第一，动词be 的三变化am is are. 我（I）用am ,你（you）用are ,is 用于他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is,复数名词都用are 句型结构： 1、肯定句：主语+am\is\are … It is a football. 2、否定句：主语+am\is\are+not… It is not a football. 3、一般疑问句：Am\Is\Are+主语+其他？ Is it a football? 回答Yes, it is. No, it isn’t 4、特殊疑问句：疑问句+am/is/are +主语+其他？ What’s your name? 用be 动词的适当形式填空 1、She ________ my cousin. Her name _______ Li Jie. 2、Tom and I ________ good friends 3、What _____ this in English？It ______ a book 4、________ you Jack? Yes, I _______ 5、What ________ those? They ______ his notebooks. 第二，行为动词的一般现在时 行为动词的一般现在时的构成：主语+行为动词+（其他） 当主语为第三人称单数（he, she, it）时，谓语动词也要用单数形式。 用好一般现在时，时间状态需牢记; 主语人称是三单，动词要把-s/-es 添； 基本用法要记清，状态习惯经常性。 行为动词的一般现在时的变化 1.否定句：主语+ don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形+其他 I don’t like bread. He doesn’t often play football. 2.一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语+动词原形+其他 Do you often play football? Yes, I am /No, I am not Does he often play football? Yes, he does/ No, he doesn’t 3、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？ When do you go to school? I go to school at seven o’clock. 动词的三单形式的变化： 动词三单现在时，一般在词尾加S S,x,ch,sh,在词尾，直接加上-es 词尾若是字母o ,加上-es 不用愁。 词尾是“辅音字母+y” ,先变y为i, 后边再加-es 巩固练习： 用动词的适当形式填空 1.I like ____________ (swim). 2.He _________(read) English every day. 3.We _________(go)to school at seven in the morning. 4.Mike________(go)to school at seven in the morning. 5.My mother________(like) ______(go) shopping. 6.I can ________(draw) many beautiful pictures. 7.She_________(make) a model plane. 8.Do you ________(like)_________(run)? 9.Does he_________(like)_________(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_________(grow)flowers on Saturday ?
小升初英语总复习知识梳理－十个常考知识点｜闽教版 小升初常考知识点 1、动词be(is,am,are)的用法 我(I)用am,你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。 2.this，that和it用法 (1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。 (2)距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower.这是一朵花。(近处) That is a tree.那是一棵树。(远处) (3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this,后说that。如： This is a pen.That is a pencil.这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。 (4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…,不说That is…。如： This is Helen.Helen,this is Tom.这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。 (5)This is不能缩写,而That is可以缩写。如： This is a bike.That’s a car.这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。 (6)打电话时，介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如：
-Hello!Is that Miss Green?喂，是格林小姐吗? -Yes,this is.Who’s that?是的，我是，你是谁? 注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…,Are you…?/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。如： ①-Is this a notebook?这是笔记本吗? -Yes,it is.是的，它是。 ②-What’s that?那是什么? -It’s a kite.是只风筝。 3.th ese和those用法 this,that,these和tho se是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。 ①This is my bed.That is Lily’s bed.这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。 ②These pictures are good.那些画很好。 ③Are those apple trees?那些是苹果树吗?
牛津译林版七年级英语上册7A Unit 6 重点词组、难点解析、语法复习 【词组总汇】 1.总是很饿be always hungry 2.需要很多能量need a lot of energy 3.一天许多次many times a day 4.一个健康的人 a healthy person 5.想成为舞蹈演员want to be a dancer 6.跳舞跳两小时dance for two hours 7.变累get tired 8.保持健康(4种) keep fit/ healthy , stay healthy/ fit 9.太多的糖份too much sugar 10.给我能量give me energy 11.吃水果和素菜have fruit and vegetables 12.早饭吃苹果eat an apple for breakfast 13.喝些牛奶drink some milk 14.吃些面包eat some bread 15.晚饭后after dinner 16.一个尖子生 a top student 17.中饭吃汉堡eat hamburgers for lunch 18.跑得快run fast 19.做运动do some exercise 20.计划做某事plan to do sth. 21.计划吃健康餐plan to have health meals 22.游泳池a swimming pool 23.一周两次twice a week 24.注意用水be careful with water 25.有时间做某事have time to do sth 26.多久一次how often 27.多久how long 28.一周三次three times a week 29.把所有空余时间用于坐在那儿spend all the free time sitting there 30.电脑前in front of the computer 31.去上舞蹈课go to the dancing lesson 32.去溜冰go skating 33.去滑旱冰go roller skating 34.两个女教师two women teachers 35.四公斤肉four kilos of meat 36.几袋苹果some bags of apples 37.需要一些鸡肉need some chicken 38.许多袋大米many bags of rice 39.买些蔬菜给她buy some vegetables for her / buy her some vegetables 40.土豆和西红柿potatoes and tomatoes 41.这么多芒果so many mangoes 42.不到三天less than three days 43.多少电视how much TV 44.超过一小时more than one hour 45.步行上学walk to school / go to school on foot
一、大写字母的运用1.句首第一个字母大写。 2.人名、国名、节日名、语言名、组织名等专有名词的首字母大写。 3.星期、月份的首字母大写。 4.特指的学校、政府、党派、委员会或涉及具体人名的称呼或职位，首字母大写。 5.某些特殊词汇、缩略词、标志语、特殊用语等，首字母大写或全大写。 6.句中要强调的部分通常全大写。 7.诗的每一行首字母要大写。 二、与字母发音相同的单词 如：Bb-bee, Cc-see/sea, Rr-are, Tt-tea, Ii-I/eye, Oo-oh, Uu-you, Yy-why. 三、缩略形式 如：I'm = I am, you're = you are, she's = she is/she has, won't=will not, can't =can not, isn't=is not, let's = let us. 四、同音异形词 如：to/too/two, their/there, right/write, pair/pear, four/for, know/no, sun/son. 五、反义词 如：day-night, come-go, yes-no, up-down, big-small. short-longtall, fat-thin, low-high, slow-fast, 六、名词复数的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加s， 如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds. 2.以s，x，sh，ch 结尾，加es， 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches. 3.以辅音字母加y 结尾，变y 为i, 再加es， 如：family-families, hobby-hobbies. 4.以f 或fe 结尾，变f 或fe 为v, 再加es， thief-thieves, knife-knives.
比较级 注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。 如：My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My c omputer is nicer than Nancy’s. My brother is stronger than me. rain与snow的用法 (1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词 如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。 (2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是： 动词原形rain， snow； 第三人称单数rains ，snows； 现在分词raining； snowing 过去式rained； snowed; 如：①Look! It is raining now. 瞧！天正在下雨。 ②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。 ③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。 ④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。 (3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的 如：It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。 If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的，我将呆在家里。 形容词副词比较级的构成
规则的： (1)直接在形容词或副词后加er 如；small—smaller；low—lower； (2)以e结尾的加r 如：late—larer； (3)双写词尾加er 如：big—bigger；thin—thinner；fat—fatter； (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er 如：heavy—heavier；early—earlier； 不规则的有： good，well—better(最高级为best)；many，much---more(最高级为most)； far---farther； 规则动词过去式的构成 (1)直接在动词后加ed 如：clean—cleaned；milk—milked；play—played； (2)以e结尾的直接加d 如：dance—danced；taste—tasted； (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed 如：study—studied；carry—carried； (4)双写词尾加ed
补充：1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 ,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 和any的用法 be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时：will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s，mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 ,could,may的用法 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法，在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法，most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法 肯定：Open the door.